Wishing our members a very auspicious and delightful Navratri ...

Wishing our members
a very auspicious and delightful
Navratri, Durga pooja
and Dushera
Volume. 2 No.2 Oct. - Dec., 2012
Index
Contents Page
From the Editor’s desk 2
• Editorial Board
• Executive Committee
Regulatory Update 3
• Draft Notification from Department
of AYUSH
News Update 5
• Neem on ASEAN’s negative list
• Efficacy of most herbal drugs need to be
doubted
• Dept of Ayush plans to support effectiveness
studies of 500 select ASU Drugs
Pharamocopial Standards 9
• Marichadi Gutika
• Guda
• Yava
• Yavaksara
Clinical Study 13
• Management of Osteoarthritis

From the Editor’s desk
Dear Members,
Benefits of Neem have been known to all of us since the time
immemorial.
In India, the plant is variously known as “Sacred Tree,” “Heal All,”
“Nature’s Drugstore,” “Village Pharmacy” and “Panacea for all
diseases”. Products made from neem trees have been used in our
country for over two millennia for their medicinal properties
Sanskrit medical writings refer to the usage of neem’s fruits, seeds,
oil, leaves, roots and bark for various benefits.
Modern scientific research has also confirmed neem’s curative
benefits in many diseases and has provided indications that neem
might be used much more widely in coming future.
Neem is known to be anthelmintic, antifungal, antidiabetic,
antibacterial, antiviral, contraceptive and sedative. It is considered
as a major component in Ayurvedic and Unani medicine and is
particularly prescribed for skin diseases.
Substantial experimental evidence and clinical data is today available
in support of the efficacy of neem.
Having known this, it is indeed very unfortunate that herbs like neem
are being considered under negative list of plants in the ASEAN
countries.
Recently, a conference was held in Singapore wherein an expert
committee of TMHS intended the inclusion of neem in the ‘ASEAN’s
list of negative ingredients for traditional medicine and health
supplement (TMHS)’
The product working group (PWG) discussed this and is said to be
finalising the inclusion of Azadirachta indica or neem in the negative
list which may result in unnecessary confusion among the public
regarding such a commonly used and time tested medicinal plant.
This could become a serious threat to jeopardize the exports business
of AYUSH Industry.
AMAM, strongly criticizes this inclusion of ‘Azadirachta indica’ or
neem/nimba in the ASEAN list of Negative Ingredients for Traditional
Medicine and Health Supplement (TMHS) by the ‘Product Working
Group’ (PWG) which happens to be an expert committee group under
TMHS.
The Association has already requested the requisite intervention of
the department of Ayush and Ministry of health on this issue.
By targeting neem, without credible evidence, the report sends a
wrong message to the entire globe involved in trading and developing
products based on the traditional science.
We invite view of our fellow members on the above issue.
Warm Regards,
Dr. Manju Rakesh
On behalf of full editorial board
Disclaimer: Articles in the newsletter are written by independent individuals. News Clips of Upcoming
Events, Govt. Notifications, Schemes have been taken from different sources. Their opinions do not
necessarily reflect those of Info Ayurveda. They are put here for interest and reference only. None of the
contributors, sponsors, administrators, or anyone else connected with Info Ayurveda in any way whatsoever
shall be responsible for the appearance of any inaccurate information or for your use of the information
contained in the newsletter.
Members of AMAM’S Management
Committee
Patron
Jt. Secretary
Vaidya Brahaspati Dev Triguna Ajay Sharma
Ashok Chand Burman
Shri Baidyanath Ayurved Bhawan,
Suresh Sharma
Pradip Burman
New Delhi
E-mail: ajdelhi@msn.com
Arun Chauhan
President
BACFO Pharmaceuticals (India) Ltd.
Vaidya Devender Triguna
Tel: 011-24354141
E-mail: chauhanarun@akcgroup.com
Dr. N.B. Brindavanam
Dabur India Limited
Vice President
Anurag Sharma
Shri Baidyanath Ayurved Bhawan
Ltd., (Jhansi)
E-mail: baba@dabur.com
M. J. Saxena
Sanat Laboratories Ltd.
E-mail: mjsaxena@anatproducts.co.in
E-mail: anurag@baidyanathayurved.com
Asad Mueed
Hamdard (WAKF) Laboratories
E-mail: amueed@hamdardindia.com
Devendra Garg
Dabur India Limited
E-mail: gargd@dabur.com
Ravi Prasad
The Himalaya Drug Co.
E-mail: ravi.prasad@himalayahealthcare.com
Members
Vijay Grover
Kamal Pharmacy, New Delhi
E-mail: vijay@kamalpharmacy.com
Pramod Sharma
Shri Baidyanath Ayurved Bhawan
Ltd. Patna
E-mail: pramodsharma54@yahoo.com
Dr. Manju Rakesh
Dabur India Limited
Hon. Gen. Secretary
Pradeep Multani
Multani Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
e-mail: chairman@multaniayurved.org
Treasurer
Tejinder Singh
Dabur India Limited
e-mail: singht@dabur.com
E-mail: rakeshm@dabur.com
Amit Agarwal
Natural Remedies
E-mail: amit@naturalremedies.com
Dr. Anantha Narayana D B,
Ph.D., Consultant
Email: dba.narayana@gmail.com
Editorial Board
Chief Editor:
Mr. Pradeep Multani
Honorary General Secretary AMAM
Chairman Multani Pharmaceutical Limited
36-H Connaught place, New Delhi- 1
Editor:
Dr. Manju Rakesh
Dabur India Limited, Plot No. 22, Site IV,
Sahibabad - 201010, Ghaziabad (U.P.)
Mr. Anurag Sharma, Executive Director
Shri Baidyanath Ayurved Bhawan Pvt. Ltd. (Jhansi)
B- 6/5, Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi
Mr. Asad Mueed, Director
Hamdard (WAKF) Laboratories, Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi – 2
Mr. Ajay Sharma, President
Shri Baidyanath Ayurved Bhawan, Naini,
28, Ishwar Nagar East, New Delhi – 65
A Publication of:
Association of Manufacturers of Ayurvedic Medicines
Regd. Office: 22, Site –IV, Sahibabad,
Ghaziabad - 201010 (UP), Tel: 0120 4378400, Fax: 0120 4376909
Correspondence Address: H-36, Connaught Place, New Delhi-110001,
Tel: 011-23350062, Fax: 011-23350063
E-mail : amamindia@gmail.com website: www.amam-ayurveda.org
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 2

D ear Readers,
MiNiSTRy of HEAlTH AND fAMily WElfARE
(Department of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy)
NOTIFICATION
New Delhi, the 30th July, 2012
G.S.R. 597(E)- The following draft of certain rules further to amend the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules,
1945, which the Central Government proposes to make rules in exercise of the power conferred by
section 33N of the Drugs and Consmetics Act. 1940 (23 of 1940), is hereby published as required by the
said section for the information of all persons likely to be affected thereby and notice is hereby given
that the said draft rules will be taken into consideration after the expiry of a period of forty five days
from the date on which copies of the Official Gazette in which this notification is published are made
available to public;
Regulatory Update
Dept of AYUSH, Ministry of Health and family welfare recently issued a draft notification to amend the D & C Rules, we are reproducing the
same for your kind information and perusal. Please read on…..
Objections or suggestions, if any, may be addressed to the Secreatary (Department of Ayurveda, Yoga
and Naturopathy, Unani, Sidha annd Homeopathy) (AYUSH) Ministry of health and Femily Welfare,
India Red Cross Society Building. New Delhi 110 001;
Any objection or suggestion, which may be received from any person with respect to the said draft rules
within the period specified above, will be taken into consideration by the Central Government.
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 3

DRAFT RULE
1. (1) These rules may be called the Drugs and Cosmetic (5th Amendment) Rules, 2012
(2) They shall come into force the date of their final publication in the offical Gazette
2. In the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945, in rule 157 after sub-rule (1A) the following sub-rules shall be
inserted, namely:-
“(1B) No manufacturer shall be allowed to use any prefix or suffix with the Ayurveda Siddha and Unani
Medicine defined under clause (a) of section 3 of the Act and the rules made thereunder.
(1C) No medicine manufactured under the definition of clause (h) of section 3 of the Act should resemble
or mimic the names of formulations mentioned in the books of First Schedule of the Drugs and Cosmetics
Act 1940.”
[No. K. 11020/06/2011-DCC (AYUSH)]
BALA PRASAD, Jt. Secy.
Note: The Principal rules were published in Official Gazette Vide Notification No. 1:28-10j 45-11(1).
dated 21-12-1945 and the last amended vide G.S.R. No. 573 (E), dated 17-0-2012
Ancient Wisdom
Knowledge of Sakti leads to salvation. “Sakti-Jnanam Vina Devi Nirvanam Naiva Jayate—O Devi! Without the
knowledge of Sakti, Mukti cannot be attained”—says Siva to Devi. The Jiva or the individual soul thinks, when he is
under the influence of Maya, that he is the doer and the enjoyer and identifies himself with the body. Through the grace of
Sakti and through Sadhana or self-culture, the individual soul frees himself from all fetters and attains spiritual insight
and merges himself in the Supreme.
Worship of the Divine Mother, intense faith and perfect devotion and self-surrender, will help you to attain Her grace.
Through Her grace alone you can attain Knowledge of the Imperishable.
Glory to Sri Tripurasundari, the World-Mother, who is also Rajarajesvari and Lalita-Devi. May Her blessings be upon
you all. May you all obtain the grace of Sakti, the Universal Mother and enjoy the supreme bliss of final emancipation.
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 4

News Update
Neem on ASEAN’s negative list
Praveen Bose / Chennai/ Bangalore Sep 04, 2012
The traditional Indian drug makers are now a worried lot. An innocuous document revealed at a conference
held in Singapore on June 29-30, 2012, threatens to jeopardise the export prospects of the whole Ayurveda
industry.
In a letter to the ministry of health and family welfare, the Association of Manufacturers of Ayurvedic Medicines
(AMAM) has expressed its fears over the snowballing of this move. It could affect exports to other
parts of the world, believes AMAM.
Pradeep Multani, honorary general secretary of AMAM, told Business Standard, “The move will affect
Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani (ASU) branches of traditional medicines. It could have a devastating effect on
the trade in ASU herbs and drugs. With India set to sign the FTA with ASEAN, it could ultimately even affect
the sales of these products in India.” Multani expressed his fears that it could be first of many more herbs that
could be targeted that are used in these traditional systems of medicines.
With India in talks with the ASEAN members for a Free Trade Agreement (FTA), Ayurveda was expected to
play a major role in healthcare exports. “The local and allopathic drug makers there are probably fearing a
threat,” added Multani. Not all ASEAN countries though are keen to accept Indonesia’s move.
Philipe Haydon, CEO, The Himalaya Drug Company, said, “Many other countries may take a cue from this
and restrict imports of these products.” According to Pharmexcil (Pharmaceuticals Export Promotion Council
Of India), set up by Ministry of Commerce & Industry, neem is among the top 25 herbal and AYUSH
product to be exported. It generated Rs 33.98 crore in 2009-10, which was double that of the previous year.
Care Kerala estimates that the total market for products containing neem and neem extracts is Rs 500 crore.
Dr K G Raveedran, medical director, Coimbatore Arya Vaidya Pharmacy, sees an international conspiracy
behind this, saying there’s an international lobby trying to check the spread of Ayurveda from India. To prove
his point, he says how the US and UK have set up their own Ayurveda universities and recognise degrees
only from there for doctors wanting to practise Ayurveda there.
“This looks just like an extension of that,” added Dr Raveendran.
Laments Dr Raveendran: “The Indian government does not have experts advising on the subject. We are
always looking for endorsements from the West before accepting a drug. We have asked the Centre to intervene,
but the response has been cold.” He asserts that neem is the most important ingredient in Ayurveda.
According to Mumbai-based NGO Neem Foundation, neem is used to treat rashes, wounds, chicken pox,
ulcers and jaundice.
Courtesy: Business Standard
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 5

Efficacy of most herbal drugs need to be
doubted as several raw drugs not available
in market
Peethaambaran Kunnathoor, Chennai
Wednesday, July 04, 2012
The claims about the quality of most of the herbal drugs available today, especially in Ayurveda and
Siddha, are questionable because of non-availability of certain key raw drugs and other malpractices
impacting the quality of these ingredients, according to a study conducted by a member of the
Central Council of Indian Medicine (CCIM).
Adulteration and substitution of raw materials are the two major factors that lead to the poor quality
of conventional ayurvedic and Siddha medicines, said Dr K G Viswanathan, the CCIM member and
the principal of Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College in Thrissur in Kerala.
According to him some of the major manufacturing companies have stopped the production of
certain key ayurvedic drugs because of shortage of raw drugs. He said the conventional Ayurveda
medicine for fever “Draakshaadi Kashaayam” is not available today because the main ingredient of
its production, the roots of “Kumizhu” (Gmelina arborea), is not available.
“If the medicine is available anywhere, its quality has to be tested as there is no substitution for its
ingredients, especially for “Kumizhu”. The tree itself is not seen anywhere. So we are suspicious
of the quality of ‘Draakshaadi Kashaayam’ if it is available in any shop. The production of the
Kashaayam was stopped years ago,” he told Pharmabiz in a telephonic conversation.
There are Draakshaadi tablets and Arishtams coming to Kerala from other states claiming as drugs
made from the roots of ‘Kumizhu’, but the veracity of those claims is also questionable, he said.
There are more than 60 species of medicinal plants in the list of endangered species and government
has banned their collection for commercial production of medicines. Even for samples for the
purpose of study, special permission is required from the forest department. Collection of the plants
‘Kottam’ (Saussurea lappa), used for the manufacture of the popular ‘Kottamchukkaathi Thailam”,
‘Rakthachandanam’ (Red sandalwood) used for “shaarivadyaasavam” and the bark of Ashoka tree
(Sarca indica) used for ‘Ashokaarishtam’ is restrained by laws. “In such a situation, the manufacturing
companies are forced to stop production of these drugs or use substitutions which will impact
the quality of the drugs”, Dr Viswanathan said. He added that several conventional ‘Kashaayams’
are not available now in the market due to the non-availability of raw materials.
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 6

The bark of Ashoka tree is very much beneficial for women who suffer from irregular or painful
menstruation. It is also useful in internal bleeding haemorrhoids and haemorrhagic dysentery, the
doctor said.
For industry purpose, sufficient quantity of these raw drugs cannot be assured. In his study report,
Dr Viswanathan says that almost all the raw drugs available today seem to be suspicious of their
quality. The manufacturers claim that they bring these rare species of plants from north India, but
the quality of the products has to be questioned as in the local herbal markets in north India more
adulteration and substitutions take place. These malpractices may be deliberate or sometimes unintentional,
but it affects the efficiency of the drugs. In place of genuine drugs, substitutions are taking
place where the raw drugs have similar appearance to that of genuine drugs and are deliberately
sold in some herbal markets, the CCIM member alleged.
Further, the study shows that, the recent habitat destruction being occurred due to infrastructure
development for urbanization and over exploitation by the increasing number of manufacturers,
many of the ‘annual herbs’ and bio diversity spots are permanently getting depleted and destroyed
at an alarming rate. The road sides and village court yards in Kerala, once up on a time, were rife
with medicinal plants, shrubs and annual herbs like “Kurunthotti” (Sida rhombi folia), Chittamruth
(Tinospora cordifolia), Vayalchulli (Hygrophila Auriculata), Keezharnelli (Phyllanthus amarus)
etc. are now permanently getting lost.
The doctor said increase in the use of drugs also cause for shortage of raw drugs. In the year 1990,
Kerala had only 200 manufacturing units, the number has increased to 700 in 2012. Apart from
production of number of medicines, the quantity also has increased. Considering such fast rate of
growth of this segment, measures have to be taken for development of medicinal plants.
The study recommends for cultivation of medicinal plants by hi-tech methods with the help of
agricultural universities. Besides community herbal garden, kitchen garden, medicinal plant board
projects etc. should be encouraged. Coordinated efforts of the departments of Forest, Agriculture
and Health must be initiated and opportunities for researches in the field should also be given.
Dr Viswanathan said that he would submit his report to the government of Kerala for Vision 2030
and also to the Central Medicinal Plant Board.
Courtesy: PHARMABIZ.com
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 7

Dept. of Ayush plans to support effectiveness
studies of 500 select ASU drugs for better
global recognition
Joseph Alexander, New Delhi
Monday, July 16, 2012
The Department of Ayush may initiate a scheme to support biological activity and effectiveness studies
of 500 select Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani (ASU) medicines so that they get a wider acceptance in the
international markets and as part of further streamlining the regulations and standards in the sector.
The Steering Committee of the Planning Commission had made recommendations for supporting shelf
life studies, development of phyto-chemical marker compounds, safety studies, biological activity studies
and efficacy/effectiveness of 500 ASU drugs. The proposal is being pursued with the Planning Commission
for approval, sources in the department said.
Other recommendations of the panel included development of new scientific monographs and revision
of already published monographs, selection of priority drugs with high market potential by the Pharmacopoeia
Commission of Indian Medicine and development of Ayush drug dossiers to facilitate entry of
Ayush drugs in the international market.
Elaborating on the specific achievements of the Department in the last five years in the regulatory areas,
an official of the Department said three national institutes and a Pharmacopoeia Commission of Indian
Medicine have been/are being set up.
Publication of pharmacopoeial standards and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) of 152 ayurvedic
formulations, publication of pharmacopoeial monographs of 101 single plant drugs and 21 minerals,
publication of macro and microscopic and TLC atlases of 172 drugs, and development of eight community
herbal monographs in the format given by European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) for
submission to European Union were the other highlights of the performance.
The Steering Committee of the Planning Commission also had recommended Rs.50 crore towards the
activities in the regulatory area for the current Five Year Plan. The amount was sought for augmenting
pharmacopoeia work to develop 1000 monographs and strengthening Pharmacopoeia Commission and
associated laboratories to accelerate the work of standardization and quality parameters of ASU drugs
as per global requirements and acceptability, to take up development of monographs of such medicinal
plants as are widely used in folklore/tribal medicine but not documented in ASU literature and to work
on the lines of other Pharmacopoeia Commissions of the world.
Courtesy: PHARMABIZ.com
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 8

Pharmocopial Standards For Ayurvedic Formulations
and Raw Materials
efjpa d’kZek= L;kr~ fiIiyh d’kZlfEerk AA93AA
v/kZd’kksZ ;o{kkj% d’kZ;qXea p nkfMee~ A
,rPpw.khZd`ra ;qT;kn’Vd’kZxqMsu fgAA94AA
“kk.kizek.ka xqfVdk d`Rok oD=s fo/kkj;sr~A
vL;k% izHkkokr~ losZ·fi dklk ;kUR;so lM~-{k;e~ AA95AA
¼“kkM~-xZ/kjlafgrk] e/;e[k.M] v/;k; 7] 13&15AA½
1. Maricha (Fr.) 12 g
2. Pippali (Fr.) 12 g
3. Yavakshara (Yava) (Pl.) 6 g
4. Dadima (Fr.R.) 24 g
5. Guda 96 g
Dose: 3 g (dissolved slowly in the mouth)
important Therapeutic Uses:
Kasa, Shvasa
MARiCHADi GUTiKA
(API Part I, Page 149)
DADiMA (fruit Rind)
(API Part I, Vol. - IV, Page 19)
Dadima consists of dried fruit rind (pericarp) of Punica granatum Linn.
(Fam. Punicaceae), a large deciduous shrub or a small tree, found wild in
the warm valleys of the outer hills of Himalayas between 900 to 1800 m
and also cultivated in many parts of the country.
SyNoNyMS
Sanskrit : Dantabija, Lohitapushpa
Assamese : Dalim
Bengali: Dadima, Dalimgach, Dalim
English: Pomenagrate
Gujrati: Dadam, Dadam phala
Hindi: Anar, Anar-ke-per
Kannada: Dalimba, Dalimbe haonu
Malayalam: Mathalam
Marathi: Dalimba
Oriya: Dalimba
Punjabi: Anar
Tamil: Madulam Pazham
Telugu: Dadimbakaya, Dadimma
Urdu: Anar
DESCRiPTioN
a) Macroscopic
Drug occurs in 0.1 to 0.5 cm thick, more or less concave, salver- shaped
pieces, some pieces showing residual carpel walls and some having
persistent toothed calyx tube alongwith withered stamens, styles and a
few seeds; coriaceous, tough and nearly smooth; brown to reddish-brown
externally and brownish-yellow internally; bearing impressions left by
seeds; fracture, short; odour not distinct; taste, astringent.
b) Microscopic
Epicarp single layered covered with thick cuticle; mesocarp consists of
a wide zone of oval to polygonal thin walled parenchymatous cells; a
few fibro-vascular bundles, tanniniferous vessels, secretory canals, oil
globules, single and a number of groups of round or oval to elongated
stone cells, simple and compound starch grains having 2 or 3 components
with concentric striations and central hilum, and rosette crystals of calcium
oxalate present in mesocarp.
Powder - Yellowish-brown; shows single or groups of stone cells; oval to
polygonal, parenchymatous cells in surface view; vessels with scalariform
thickening, tanniniferous vessels and a few rosette crystals of calcium
oxalate and rounded to oval starch grains, measuring 3 to 5 μ in dia.
iDENTiTy, PURiTy AND STRENGTH
foreign matter: Not more than 2 per cent,
Total Ash: Not more than 4 per cent,
Acid-insoluble ash: Not more than 0.4 per cent,
Alcohol-soluble extractive: Not less than 9 per cent,
Water-soluble extractive: Not less than 20 per cent,
T.l.C.
T.L.C of alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Chloroform:
Ethylacetate : Formic acid (5:4:1) shows in visible light one spot at Rf.
0.74 (bluish grey). Under U.V. (366 nm) one fluorescent zone is visible
at Rf. 0.74 (dark blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour two spots appear
at 0.74 (dirty yellow) and 0.95 (yellow). On spraying with 10% aqueous
Ferric chloride reagent one spot appears at Rf. 0.74.(blue). On spraying
with 5% Mathanolic-Sulphuric Acid and heating the plate for ten minutes
at 110°C two spots appear at Rf. 0.74 (brownish grey) and 0.95 (violet).
CoNSTiTUENTS - Tannic acid, Sugar and Gum
PRoPERTiES AND ACTioN
Rasa: Kashaya, Amla
Guna: Laghu, Snigdha
Virya: Anushna
Vipaka: Katu
Karma: Vata Kaphahara, Vranaropaka, Grahi
iMPoRTANT foRMUlATioNS - Khadiradi Gutika, Mritasanjivani
Sura, Kalyanaka Ghrita, Marichadi Gutika, Nilikadya Taila
THERAPEUTiC USES - Daha, Jvara, Katha Roga, Mukha daurgandhya,
Aruchi, Amlapitta, Atisara, Pravahika, Raktapitta, Raktavikara, Kasa
DoSE - Powder 3-6 g
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 9

GUDA (Jaggery)
(API Part I, Vol. - VI, Page 206)
Guda is obtained by concentrating juice expressed from the stems
of Saccharum officinarum L. (Fam. Poaceae) with or without prior
purification of the juice, followed by cooling.
SyNoNyMS
Ben: Guda
Eng.: Jaggery
Hin. : Guda
Kan.: Bella
Mal. : Sarkara
Mar. : Guda
Pun. : Guda
Tam.: Vellam
Tel.: Bellam
Urdu: Guda
DESCRiPTioN
It is light yellow to reddish brown solid, blocks or spherical solid forms
or in the form of coarse granules with pleasant and characteristic odour.
It does not show the presence of insects, vegetable debris or fibers when
examined with naked eyes in daylight.
iDENTiTy, PURiTy AND STRENGTH
loss on drying – Not more than 10 percent (other than that of the liquid
or semi-liquid variety)
Total Ash: Not more than 6 per cent,
Acid-insoluble ash: Not more than 0.5 per cent,
Water-soluble ash: Not less than 2 per cent,
Total Sugar: Not less than 90 per cent,
Sucrose: Not less than 60 per cent,
Sulphur di oxide concentration: Not more than 70 ppm
Heavy Metal: Complies with API
Microbial limits: Complies with API
Pesticide residue: Complies with API
PRoPERTiES AND ACTioN
Rasa: Madhura
Guna: Snigdha, Isatksariya
Virya: Naatishita
Vipaka: Madhura
Karma: Svadukara, Rakta shodhaka, Na atipittajajit, Kaphavriddhikara,
Vataghna, Krimivrddhikara, Balya, Vrishya, Medovriddhikara
iMPoRTANT foRMUlATioNS – Sarivadhyasava, Kumaryasava,
Madhukasava
THERAPEUTiC USES -Vata Roga (Diseases due to Vata Dosa),
Daurbalya (weakness), Dhatukshaya (tissue wasting)
DoSE – 5-30 g
Storage- Should be stored preferably between 20 to 25 degree C, away
from heat.
yAVA (fruit)
(API Part I, Vol. - II, Page 175)
Yava consists of dried fruit of Hordeum vulgare Linn. Syn. H. sativum
Pers. (Fam.Poaceae); an annual, erect herb, 50-100 cm high, cultivated
chiefly in North India.
SyNoNyMS
Sanskrit : Dhanyaraja, Tikshnasuka¸Hayesta,
Bengali : Jau, Jav
English : Barley
Gujrati : Cheno, Jau
Hindi : Jav
Malayalam : Javegambu
Marathi : Yava, Java
Punjabi : Javo
Tamil : Barley
Telugu : Barlibiyam, Yava Dhanya
Urdu : Jau
DESCRiPTioN
a) Macroscopic
Fruit a caryopsis, elliptic, oblong, ovoid-and tapering at both ends, smooth,
about 1 cm long and 0.2-0.3 cm wide, dorsally compressed and flattened
on the sides with a shallow longitudinal furrow, 3-5 ridges having shallow
depression between them, grains tightly enclosed and adhering the lemma
and palea; pale-greenish-yellow; odour, not distinct; taste, sweetishacrid.
b) Microscopic
fruit -Shows single layered epidermis consisting of crescent-shaped,
round to oval wavy walled cells, followed by 2-3 layers, thick-walled,
sclerenchymatous fibres; below the sclerenchyma are present irregular,
square or quadrilateral, spongy parenchymatous cells, a few cell walls
having silica bodies through which run the fibro-vascular bundles of the
ribs, followed by more or less, polygortal inner epidermal cells, a few
inner epidermal cells having unicellular claw-shaped hair and stomata;
pericarp composed of cells with more or less compressed parenchymatous
cells; seed coat appears as a colourless line; perisperm composed of cells
with more or less wavy walls having narrow lumens; endosperm divided
into two zones, 2-4 cells deep aleurone layers, and the rest starch layers;
starch grains simple, round to oval, measuring 3-30 μ in diameter.
Powder - Creamish-white; shows groups of fragments of polygonal, thinwalled
flowering glume cells in surface view, sclerenchymatous fibres,
scalariform vessels and abundant round to oval, simple starch grains,
measuring 3-30 μ in diameter.
iDENTiTy, PURiTy AND STRENGTH
foreign matter: Not more than 2 per cent,
Total Ash: Not more than 4 per cent,
Acid-insoluble ash: Not more than 1.5 per cent,
Water-soluble ash: Not less than 4 per cent,
Alcohol-soluble extractive: Not less than 2.5 per cent,
Water-soluble extractive: Not less than 5.5 per cent,
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 10

ASSAy
T.l.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract of the drug on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using
n-Butanol : Acetic acid: Water (4: 1 :5) shows under U.V. light (366 nm)
seven fluorescent zones at Rf.0.10, 0.22, 0.31, 0.45, 0.68, 0.83 (all violet)
and 0.92 (yellow).
On spraying with Phosphomolybdic acid reagent and on heating the plate
for ten minutes at 105°C six spots appear at Rf. 0.10, 0.22, 0.31, 0.68,
0.83 and 0.92 (all grey). On spraying with Ninhydrin reagent eleven spots
appear at Rf. 0.06, 0.14, 0.16, 0.24, 0.31, 0.36, 0.44, 0.53, 0.56, 0.65 &
0.72 (all pink.)
CoNSTiTUENTS - Starch, Sugars, Fats, Proteins (Albumin, Globulin,
Prolamin and Glutilin) also contains Flavone Glycosides viz, Orientoside,
Orientin, Vitexin etc.
PRoPERTiES AND ACTioN
Rasa: Kashaya, Madhura
Guna: Ruksha, Guru, Picchila, Mridu
Virya: Sita
Vipaka: Katu
Karma: Vatakrit, Pittahara, Kaphahara, Medohara, Balya, Vrishya,
Svarya, Varnya, Sthairyakara, Purishkrit, Mutrahara, Lekhana
iMPoRTANT foRMUlATioNS - Agastyaharitaki Rasayana, Eladya
Modaka, Dadhika Ghrita, Dhanvantara Ghrita, Gandharvahasta Taila,
Dhanvantara Taila, Brihatmasa Taila, Sarshapadi Pralepa, Kayasthadya
Vartti
THERAPEUTiC USES - Medoroga, Prameha, Trishna, Urustambha,
Kantharoga, Shvasa, Kasa, Pinasa, Tvagroga
DoSE - 100 - 200 g of the drug.
yAVAKSARA
(API Part-II, Vol. - I, Page 111)
Definition:
Yavakshara is an alkaline preparation made with the ingredient in the
Formulation composition given below.
formulation composition:
1. Yava (API) Bhasma Hordeum vulgare Pl. 1 part
2. Jala API Water 6 parts
Method of preparation:
Take all ingredients of pharmacopoeial quality.
Cut Yava into small pieces and dry completely. Burn to ash (Bhasma).
Add 6 parts of water to Bhasma, stir well and keep over night.
Next morning decant the clear liquid and filter through a three-layered
muslin cloth.
Repeat the filtering process till a colourless filtrate is obtained. Transfer
filtered material to a stainless steel vessel and heat to evaporate the water.
Collect kshara deposited as flakes from the bottom of the vessel and grind
to a fine powder.
Pack it in tightly closed containers to protect from light and moisture.
Description:
Greyish white, fine powder, passing through sieve number 100;
hygroscopic, odourless, taste saline; freely soluble in water.
Identification:
An aqueous solution yields the reactions characteristic of sodium and
potassium,
Physico-chemical parameters:
loss on drying at 110º: Not more than 4 per cent,
Acid-insoluble ash: Not more than 1 per cent,
pH (10% aqueous solution): 9 to 10,
Assay:
Sodium: Not less than 17 per cent,
Potassium: Not less than 16 per cent,
Iron: Not less than 1.5 per cent,
Storage: Store in a cool place in tightly closed containers, protected from
light and moisture.
Therapeutic uses: Adhmana (Flatulance); Anaha (distention of abdomen
due to obstruction to passage of urine and stool); Shula (pain); Udara
(diseases of abdomen); Gulma (Abdominal lump); Plihamaya (Splenic
disease); Mutrakricchra (Dysuria).
Dose: ½ to 1 g daily in divided dose.
Anupana: Warm water, Ghrita.
Laugh!
it’s the best Medicine
1000 Points to Get
Into Heaven
A man dies and goes to heaven when Peter meets him at the
Pearly Gates. Peter says, “You need 1000 points to make it
into heaven. You tell me all of the good things you’ve done,
and I give you a certain number of points for each item.
When you reach 1000 points, you get in.”
“Okay,” the man says, “I was happily married to the same
woman for fifty years and never cheated on her, not even
in my mind.”
“That’s wonderful,” says Peter, “that’s worth two points!”
“Two points?” he says. “Well, I attended church all my life
and gave my ten percent tithe faithfully.”
“Terrific!” says Peter. “That’s definitely worth a point.”
“One point? My goodness! Well, what about this: I started
a soup kitchen in my city and worked in a shelter for the
homeless?”
“Fantastic, that’s good for two more points,” he says.
“TWO POINTS!” the man cries. “At this rate the only way I
can get into heaven is by the grace of God!”
“Now that’s what we’re looking for! Come on in!”
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 11

MARiCHADi GUTiKA
(API Part-II, Vol. - I, Page 98)
DEfiNiTioN:
Marichadi Gutika is a preparation made with the ingredients in the
Formulation composition given below.
formulation composition:
1. Maricha API Piper nigrum Fr. 12 g
2. Pippalī API Piper longum Fr. 12 g
3.
Yavakshara (Yava
API)
Pharmocopial Standards For Marichadi Gutika
Hordeum vulgare
Bhasma of
plant
4. Dadima API Punica granatum Fr. R. 24 g
5. Guda API Jaggery 96 g
Method of preparation:
Take all ingredients of Pharmacopoeial quality.
Clean, dry, powder the ingredients no. 1, 2 & 4 of the formulation
composition (Prakshepa Dravya) and pass through sieve number 85 to
obtain fine powder.
Collect Yava kshara in the specified ratio.
Take jaggery, add required amounts of water, boil to dissolve and filter
through a muslin cloth.
Reduce to thicker consistency by gentle boiling to prepare Guda paka.
Add fine powders of Prakshepa Dravya and Yavakshara and mix
thoroughly to prepare a homogeneous mass.
Pass the mass through a pill making machine and cut vatis of desirable
weight. Roll the vatis on a flat surface by circular motion of palm. Dry the
rolled vatis in a tray-dryer at a temperature not exceeding 600.
Pack it in tightly closed containers to protect from light and moisture.
Description:
Spherical, soft, blackish brown coloured pills with pleasant odour and
sweet taste.
Identification:
Microscopy:
Take about five pills, crush, wash with water, clear in chloral hydrate, wash
in water and mount in glycerin (80 per cent) and observe the following
characters:
Group of isodiameric or slightly elongated stone cells with moderately
thickened walls, interspersed with thin walled polygonal parenchyma cells
(Maricha); groups of elongated, spindle shaped, wide lumened lignified
6 g
stone cells (Pippali); groups of stone cells, oval shape, striated walls with
minute central lumen (Dadima).
Thin layer chromatography:
Extract 5 g of the powdered pills with 70 ml of ethanol in soxhlet apparatus
on a Water-bath for 6 h, filter and carry out thin layer chromatography.
Apply 7.5 μl of the extract on TLC plate. Develop the plate to a distance
of 8 cm using ethyl acetate: n-hexane: formic acid (4: 6: 0.1) as mobile
phase. After development, allow the plate to dry in air and examine under
ultraviolet light (254 nm). It shows major spots at Rf 0.14, 0.20 and 0.34
(fluorescent green). Spray the plate with anisaldehyde- sulphuric acid
reagent and heat at 1100 for about 10 min. The plate shows major spots
at Rf 0.80 (blue), 0.65 (light violet), 0.52 (violet) and 0.11 (green) under
visible light.
Physico-chemical parameters:
Loss on drying at 110º: Not more than 10 per cent,
Total ash: Not more than 6 per cent,
Acid-insoluble ash: Not more than 1 per cent,
Alcohol-soluble extractive: Not less than 9 per cent,
Water-soluble extractive: Not less than 46 per cent,
Assay:
Not less than 2.83 per cent of piperine when assayed by the following
method.
Estimation of Piperine: Dissolve 2.5 mg of piperine in a mixture of
methanol: Chloroform (1 : 1) and make up the volume to 25 ml in a
volumetric flask. Apply 2, 5, 8,11, 14, 17 μl of solution on TLC plate and
develop the plate a distance of to 8 cm using acetone : n-hexane (3 : 7) as
mobile phase. After development, dry the plate in a current of hot air and
scan in the TLC scanner at a wavelength of 338 nm. Note the peak area
and prepare the calibration curve by plotting peak area vs concentration
of piperine.
Extract accurately weighed about 6 g powder of vatis in 100 ml of alcohol in
a Soxhlet apparatus for 6 h. Filter the extract while hot and dry completely
and weigh. Take 25 mg of extract in a volumetric flask and dissolve in a
mixture of methanol: chloroform (1: 1) and make up the volume to 25 ml.
Apply 3 μl of the test solutions on TLC plate. Develop, dry and scan the
plate as described in the proceeding paragraph for calibration curve of
piperine. Record area under the curve for a peak corresponding to piperine
in the test solution. Calculate the amount of piperine in the test solution
from the calibration curve of piperine.
other requirements:
Microbial Limits: As per prescribed limits
Aflatoxins: As per prescribed limits
Storage: Store in a cool place in tightly closed containers, protected from
light and moisture.
Therapeutic uses: Kasa (cough); Shvasa (Asthma).
Dose: 3 g per day – to be dissolved slowly in the mouth.
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 12

A Randomized, Comparative, Open Clinical Study for Evaluation of Efficacy of
DRF/Ay/4010 & 4012 (Dabur Rheumatil Gel & Dabur Rheumatil Tablet) in the
Management of Osteoarthritis
Authors:
Dr. Arun Gupta* MD. (Ay.) Dr. Rajesh Thahal* BAM S Dr. J.L.N. Sastry** M.D. (Ay.)
Dr. Gaurav Sharma** MD. (Ay) Dr. Manju Rakesh** BAMS Dr. K.R. Kohli** MD (Ay.) Ph.D
*Department of Kayachikitsa (Internal Medicine), Shri Dhanwantary Ayurvedic College and Dabur Dhanwantari Hospital, Sector 46, Chandigarh, India.
** Dabur Research Foundation, Sahibabad - 201010, Ghaziabad, (U.P.), India.
1. iNTRoDUCTioN:
Arthritis is an inflammation of a joint characterized by pain, swelling
and limitation of joint movement. Varied etiologic factors have been
implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition. Osteoarthritis (OA) and
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) are the main entities. Osteoarthritis, the most
common joint disease, presenting with symptoms of Joint pain, Stiffness
in the joints, Instability of the joint, Loss of normal function of the joint,
Limitation of motion, Crepitus, morning stiffness of the joints, Instability
or giving way of the joint, Joint enlargement or deformity.
In Ayurveda osteoarthritis is comparable with the condition known
as sandhi vata (SV). Apart from SV, we come across other important
conditions like Vatarakta (Gout) and Amavata (Rheumatoid arthritis) in
the Ayurvedic texts. Sandhi or articulation is considered to be the union
between Asthi (bone), Snayu (ligament) & Kandara (tendon). It is also
explained that sleshmadhara kala (synovial membrane) and sleshaka
sleshma (synovial fluid) are present in each joint. Asthi Dhatu is considered
to be the asrayee of vata dosha. Asthivaha srotas is related to medas and
medovaha srotas is related to vrikka (renal & suprarenal). Supra-renal
gland is known for its involvement in fat and calcium metabolism. Majja
(bone marrow) is the medas inside asthi. Therefore, asthi is mula for
majjavaha srotas. Snayu (ligament) is the upa dhatu of medas. Nakha &
roma are the malas of asthi. This inter-play is critical in the management
of Sandhivata. There are various symptoms related to sandhi (joints) like
sandhibandha moksha (laxity of joints), sandhi bheda (scalding pain in
joints), sandhi atopa (severe pain in joints), sandhi hani (reduction in joint
mobility), sandhi hata (immobility of joints), sandhi nistoda (vasospastic
pain in joints), sandhi sopha (swollen joints), sandhi sula (painful joints),
sandhi sphurana (tremors in joints), sandhi sphutana (cutting type pain
in joints) etc.
NSAIDs form the mainstay of treatment but may prove ineffective in
some patients and have varied gastrointestinal and systemic adverse
effects. Hence there appears a need for a drug with good efficacy and
low toxicity in the treatment of OA. Specifically, there is a need for safe
and effective drugs for patients who do not respond well to conventional
medical therapy. Hence there is an increase in usage of complementary/
alternative medicines.
According to Ayurvedic texts, Agni Karma (thermal cautery) and Upanaha
Sweda (poultice fomentation) are the first and second among line of
treatments. Several Panchakarma procedures were tried earlier to find out
their role in the management of SV. Apart from these procedures, there
are certain classical formulations were also studied for their efficacy in
the management of SV (OA) e.g. Simhanada guggulu, Amritadi guggulu,
Trayodashanga guggulu , Ajmodadi chuma, Sunthi guggulu, Shallaki
etc.
It is observed that many of the patients suffering from OA try the
alternative medicines for relief. Most of the Ayurvedic prescriptions
range from guggulu preparations for oral administration to oil massages
externally. In the medical treatment, usage of either Lakshadi guggulu or
Abha guggulu along with Rasayan drugs like Aswagandha or Guduchi
are also found to be very useful. External application is made of oils like
Mahanarayana taila, Maha Vishagarbha taila, Nirgundi taila, Karpuradi
taila, Chandanbala Lakshadi taila, Pinda taila etc.
Limitations in the conventional medical management of osteoarthritis
indicate a real need for safe and effective treatment to the patients. Herbal
medicines may provide a good alternative in this condition. Hence the
present study is planned to evaluate the efficacy of DRF/AY/4010 (Dabur
Rheumatil Gel) and DRF/AY/4012 (Dabur Rheumatil Tablet) alone and
in combination aiming at the comprehensive management of sandhivata
(Osteoarthritis).
2. MATERiAl AND METHoDS:
Subjects (n=90) suffering from OA were selected from the OPD of the
department of Kaya Chikitsa, Dabur-Dhanwantry Ayurvedic Hospital,
Chandigarh.
Study Design: Open, comparative, randomized prospective clinical trial.
2.1. inclusion & exclusion criteria for study subjects:
Male or Female patients >30 years of age, complaining of Knee pain
with clinical or laboratory finding, suffering from mild to moderate OA
involving knee joint with symptoms of pain, swelling, tenderness and
morning stiffness, of one or more joints, which may have lasted for more
than 2 weeks were included in the study. Patients with serious medical
illness (HIV, Diabetes, SLE, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatic Fever,
Psoriatic Arthritis), surgical illness where compliance is difficult, taking
part in any other study or taking any other medication for the treatment of
arthritis were excluded from the study.
2.2. Study Groups:
• Group A: Combipack (DRF/AY/4010 gel & DRF/AY/4012 tab) was
given. Tablets were administered orally in a dosage of 2 b.i.d., and gel
applied in adequate quantity (approximately 2 cm) twice a day.
• Group B: Treatment with DRF/AY/4012 tablets orally in a dose of 2
tab. b.i.d.
• Group C: About 2 cm DRF/AY/4010 gel will be applied gently over
affected part twice daily (in the morning and at night).
2.3 Study End points:
• Therapeutic End Points: 4 weeks usage of the formulation with or
without relief from the symptoms
• Clinical End Points: Relief from symptoms of OA within 4 weeks of
treatment with interventional drugs.
3. oBSERVATioNS AND RESUlTS:
Subjects (n=90) belonging to both the sex suffering from osteoarthritis
knee were included in this study. The female to male ratio in group A, B &
info Ayurveda, Volume 2, No. 2, Oct.-Dec.,’ 2012 13

C was 6:1; 4:1 & 3.5:1 respectively. The mean age in all the three groups
is tabulated below:
Table 1: Age and Sex distribution in all the three groups
Female Male
Group A (CoMBiPACK)
No of patients 23 4
Mean Age 50.52 ±9.751 64.8 ±9.5
Group B (TAB)
No of patients 24 6
Mean Age 49.5 ±11.51 53.67 ±18.94
Group C (GEl)
No of patients 21 6
Mean Age 49.05 ±12.71 56.33 ±6.47
In total, there were 6 dropouts at the end of the study, 3 in group A and 3
in group C.
The following are the observed results on the following parameters:
3.1. improvement in the intensity of pain at movement:
It was observed that maximum VAS score reduction on pain at movement
was reported in Group A (Combipack Group) i.e. 27.78. This reduction
was 25.00 and 22.95 in Group B (Tablet Group) and Group C (Gel Group)
respectively. The reduction in VAS scores was found to be statistically
significant (p

3.6. improvement in the walking time:
The reduction in walking time was 13.36 sec in Group A. It was 9.79 sec.
in Group B and 11 .81 sec in Group C. The reduction was found to be
statistically significant (p

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