One Ocean, Many Worlds of Life - Convention on Biological Diversity

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Coral reef ecosystem at Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, USA 4 Marine BiOdiversity Nudibranch (Nembrotha kubaryana), Philippines flickr/Jim Maragos/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service flickr/pacificklaus
Summary The ocean covers 71 percent <strong>of</strong> the surface area <strong>of</strong> the globe and constitutes over 90 percent <strong>of</strong> the habitable space on the planet. It contains the largest animals ever to have lived on Earth and billions upon billions <strong>of</strong> the tiniest: there are more living things in the sea than there are stars in the universe. From sandy shores to the darkest depths <strong>of</strong> the sea, the ocean and coasts support a rich tapestry <strong>of</strong> life: shorebirds that stalk across mudflats in search <strong>of</strong> shellfish prey; alligators that ease their way through mangrove swamps; kelp forests that sway beneath the waves; polar bears that stalk seals across the sea ice <strong>of</strong> the Arctic; penguins that seek to evade seals in the Southern <strong>Ocean</strong> <strong>of</strong> Antarctica; and tiny photosynthesizing plants called phytoplankton that provide 50 percent <strong>of</strong> all the oxygen on Earth. Even on the deep seabed, there is a unique ecosystem that few humans have ever seen—supported by vents through which super-heated water and gases erupt. <strong>One</strong> <strong>Ocean</strong>, <strong>Many</strong> WOrlds Of life Ben Goode/Hemera/Thinkstock 5
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flickr/gsfc Scientists investigate
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For example, sea otters, hunted to
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Comstock/Thinkstock Diver swimming
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Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 201
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Hemera/Thinkstock/Andreas Meyer The
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33 Snelgrove, op. cit, p. 165. 34 E
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83 Cuthbert, R. and G. Hilton. 2004
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131 Hoffman and Sc
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One Ocean, Many Worlds of Life - Convention on Biological Diversity

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