SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 543 ...

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SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY 6. Telson usually with 2 pairs of posterior marginal spines .... *PALAEMONINAE Telson usually with 3 pairs of posterior marginal spines *PONTONIINAE 7. Third maxilliped with antepenultimate segment clearly articulated with and much wider than next proximal segment "HYMENOCERIDAE Third maxilliped with antepenultimate segment at least partially fused with and not much wider than next proximal segment GNATHOPHYLLIDAE *PALAEMONIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 PALAEMONIA Rafinesque, 1815:98. PALAEMONIDAE.—Samoueile, 1819:96. DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without complete longitudinal suture; telson usually with 2 or 3 pairs of spines on posterior margin; antennule with 2 completely separate flagella, 1 with accessory branch; mandible usually with incisor process; 1st maxilla with mesial coxal lobe not unusually large, mesial basal lobe not reduced; 2nd maxilla with 0, 1, or 2 endites; 1st maxilliped with exopodal lash; 2nd maxilliped with marginal setae on distal segment not especially stout or dense; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment neither articulated with nor much wider than next proximal segment; 2nd pereopod with dactyl usually not distinctly serrate on extensor margin; 2nd pleopod with appendix masculina in male. RANGE.—Cosmopolitan, freshwater and marine; littoral to 1285 meters. Key to Indo-West Pacific Genera of Palaemoninae •PALAEMONINAE Rafinesque, 1815 DIAGNOSIS.—Telson usually armed with 2 pairs of posterior spines (usually 3 pairs in Coutierella) and 2 or more submedian setae; 3rd maxilliped usually with 2 arthrobranchs. RANGE.—Cosmopolitan, freshwater and marine; subterranean, littoral, and pelagic to 170 meters. REMARKS.—The 11 palaemonine genera from the Indo- Pacific region recognized herein are incorporated in the following key. The remaining genera assigned to this subfamily are confined to fresh water in the Americas or western Africa and are included in the comprehensive key in Holthuis (1955:43), except two genera from subterranean fresh water in Mexico: Bithynops Holthuis, 1974a: 135, and Neopalaemon Hobbs, 1973a:25, both of which may be referred to in Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel (1977:46, 52). 1. Carapace with branchiostegal spine, sometimes arising posterior to margin ... 2 Carapace without branchiostegal spine 9 2. Elevated dentate crest at base of rostrum 3 No elevated crest at base of rostrum 5 3. Carapace with branchiostegal suture extending posteriorly from anterior margin at point dorsal to branchiostegal spine Exopalaemon Carapace without branchiostegal suture 4 4. Branchiostegal spine arising from margin of carapace; 2 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl longer than combined length of propodus and carpus; 1st pleopod of male without appendix intema on endopod .... Nematopalaemon Branchiostegal spine arising posterior to margin of carapace; 2 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl shorter than propodus; 1st pleopod of male with appendix intema on endopod *Urocaridella 5. Carapace with branchiostegal suture extending posteriorly from anterior margin at point dorsal to branchiostegal spine 6 Carapace without branchiostegal suture 8 6. Mandible normally with palp *Palaemon Mandible without palp 7 7. Telson with 3 or more pairs of spines on posterior margin; 1st maxilla with distal endite broad, proximal endite rotated mesially; 2nd maxilla with basal endite deeply bilobate; 1st maxilliped with basal endite mesially ridged, separated from palp by U-shaped notch, coxal endite large, setose Coutierella Sollaud, 1914:318 (Vietnam; Hong Kong)
NUMBER 543 Telson with 2 pairs of spines on posterior margin; 1st and 2nd maxillae and 1st maxilliped of normal palaemonoid form Palaemonetes Heller, 1869:157, 161 (Eastern Siberia, China, Australia, America, Europe, Near East, Northern and western Africa) 8. Mandible with palp *Leander Mandible without palp Leandrites 9. Carapace without hepatic spine 10 Carapace with hepatic spine 11 10. Rostrum with elevated basal crest; mandible with palp Leptocarpus Rostrum without elevated basal crest; mandible without palp Troglindicus Sankolli and Shenoy, 1979:84 (Freshwater well at Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, western India 11. Carapace without branchiostegal suture; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl biunguiculate; 1st pleopod of male with appendix interna on endopod Brachycarpus Bate, 1888:781 (Red Sea; Tanzania; Sri Lanka; Ponape, Caroline Islands; eastward to America; western and eastern Atlantic; Mediterranean) Carapace with branchiostegal suture extending posteriorly from anterior margin at point dorsal to branchiostegal spine; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl simple; 1st pleopod of male without appendix on endopod *\facrobrachium Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 Exopalaemon Holthuis, 195Oa:5,9,45 [type species, by original designation: Palaemon styliferus H. Milne Edwards, 1840:638; gender: masculine]. DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with elevated dentate basal crest; carapace with branchiostegal spine and branchiostegal suture, without hepatic spine; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, shorter than propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod without appendix intema. RANGE.—Indonesia, Vietnam, China, Korea, Japan; littoral, also brackish and fresh water. REMARKS.—The characteristically crested rostrum seems sufficient to justify full generic status for the six or seven species originally assigned to the subgenus Exopalaemon by Holthuis (1950a). Only the type species has been recorded from the Philippine-Indonesian region. 1. Exopalaemon styliferus (H. Milne Edwards, 1840) P[alaemon] longirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837:394 [type locality: mouth of the Ganges; not P. longirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837:392]. Pfalaemon] styliferus H. Milne Edwards, 1840:638. Leander styliferus.—Kemp, 1917:214, figs. 5, 6a, b, pi. 8: fig. 2. Palaemon (Exopalaemon) styliferus.—Holthuis, 1950a:46, fig. 8. DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum armed with 5-7 teeth on basal crest, 1-3 dorsal subterminal teeth, and 6-10 ventral teeth; 4 posterior abdominal somites not sharply carinate in dorsal mid-line; antennular peduncle with distolateral spine on basal segment barely overreaching adjacent distal margin of segment, free part of shorter branch of dorsolateral flagellum several times as long as fused part; 2nd pereopod with carpus considerably shorter than chela; 3rd pereopod with dactyl no more than '/2 as long as propodus; maximum carapace length nearly 20 mm. RANGE.—India, Pakistan, Burma, Thailand, Borneo, and Java; shallow, salt, brackish, and fresh water. *Leander E. Desmarest, 1849 Leander E. Desmarest, 1849:92 [type species, by monotypy: Leander erraticus E. Desmarest, 1849:92 (= Palaemon tenuicornis Say, 1818:249); gender masculine]. Cryptoleander Gurney, 1938:35 [this name was proposed as a uninomial collective-group name; Gurney and Lebour (1941:145, 159) referred Leander tenuicornis to the name, thereby according it true generic status]. DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum without elevated basal crest; carapace with submarginal branchiostegal spine, without hepatic spine or branchiostegal suture; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, shorter than propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod with appendix intema. RANGE.—Red Sea to Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand, western Atlantic, eastern Atlantic, and Mediterranean; on floating weed in the open sea and among
Page 1 and 2: I The Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea:
Page 3 and 4: S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
Page 5 and 6: Contents Page Introduction 1 Acknow
Page 7 and 8: NUMBER 543 *69. Coralliocaris grami
Page 9: NUMBER 543 vii •152. Periclimenes
Page 12 and 13: SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOG
Page 16 and 17: attached plants in shallow water. R
Page 18 and 19: 8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOL
Page 20 and 21: 10 Palaemon dispar Palaemon alphons
Page 22 and 23: 12 figs. 1-4 Sichuan, China Palaemo
Page 24 and 25: 14 "Jamaica in Flussen" = Macrobrac
Page 26 and 27: 16 Palaemon mexicanus De Saussure,
Page 28 and 29: 18 "East Indies?" and/or West Indie
Page 30 and 31: 20 Gunong Pulai Estate, Johore, Mal
Page 32 and 33: 22 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOO
Page 34 and 35: 24 level of distal end of antennal
Page 36 and 37: 26 FIGURE 4.—Macrobrachium equide
Page 38 and 39: 28 FIGURE 6.—Macrobrachium idae,
Page 42 and 43: 32 Palaemon (Macrobrachium) singala
Page 44 and 45: 34 length but nearly similar in for
Page 46 and 47: 36 FIGURE 14.—Macrobrachium placi
Page 48 and 49: 38 44. Macrobrachium sintangense (D
Page 50 and 51: 40 Key to Philippine-Indonesian Spe
Page 52 and 53: 42 Leander by Holthuis (1950a)—an
Page 56 and 57: 46 ANCHISTIA Dana, 1852a: 17 Type s
Page 58 and 59: 48 Corallocaris perlatus—See Peri
Page 60 and 61: 50 Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, 1969:26
Page 62 and 63: 52 Mulaku Atoll, Maldive Islands an
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54 Besar, Kepulauan Kai, Indonesia;
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56 118. Periclimenes cristimanus Br
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58 Periclimenes leptodactylus Bruce
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60 Alpheus scriptus Risso, 1822:247
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62 macrophthalma Pontonia maculata
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64 Bahia de Gardner, Isla Espanola,
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66 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOO
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72 58. Anchistus custoides Bruce, 1
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SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOG
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76 Japan. It is here noted that it
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78 71. Coralliocaris venusta Kemp,
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80 74. Dasycaris ceratops Holthuis,
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82 2. Key to Species of Harpiliopsi
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84 Key to Species of Jocaste SMITHS
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90 usually broadly rounded, at most
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92 Key to Philippine-Indonesian Spe
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94 slightly more than two segments,
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100 prominence on 3rd somite, 6th s
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102 105. Periclimenes alcocki Kemp,
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104 Archipelago, Philippines, in 47
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106 distolateral spine on basal seg
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108 without compressed dorsal promi
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110 ing antennal scale, sometimes s
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112 male; abdomen without compresse
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114 nearly or quite as long as palm
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116 DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth,
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118 5-7/1-2. posteriormost tooth no
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120 pereopod slightly overreaching
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122 1969a: 149, figs. 4, 5 [type lo
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124 tooth on flexor margin; 3rd per
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126 eye with cornea hemispherical,
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128 DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with stron
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130 RANGE.—Oman, Tanzania, Indone
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132 than seven, dorsal rostral teet
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134 Key to Genera of Gnathophyllida
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136 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZO
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Abele, L.G. 1971. A New Species of
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140 Ocean (Decapoda Natantia, Palae
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142 1989b. A Report on Some Coral R
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144 du Congo Beige, Zoologie, serie
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146 Monatsberichte der Koniglich Pr
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148 1829. Crustacis, Arachnides et
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150 Pesta, O. 1911. Beitrag zur Ken
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152 Crustaceana, 56{2):200-210, fig
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