Assessment of the biological values of different land cover types in ...

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The East Usambara Mountains of north-east Tanzania are one of the 13 mountain blocks that comprise the Eastern Arc Mountains. The East Usambaras have high concentrations of endemic species including 7 endemic vertebrate species and 40 endemic tree species. However, most of the biodiversity studies in the area have concentrated on the Central Government Catchment Forest Reserves and the Nature Reserves. This survey was conducted to assess the biological values of different land cover types found in three village landscapes in the East Usambaras by a team of researchers from the Tanzania Forest Conservation Group (TFCG). The survey was conducted as a part of the „Integrating Livelihoods and Multiple Biodiversity Values in Landscape Mosaics‟ project, a partnership project between CIFOR and ICRAF, implemented by TFCG in Tanzania.The project was funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation. The survey covered plants, mammals, birds and use of the tree and forest based resources in the village landscapes by the communities. In addition, digital data was collected to validate previously produced land cover maps. Vegetation plots were used to assess plants within the three landscapes. Mammals were mainly assessed by camera trapping method. A combination of methods was used to assess the birds: mist netting and timed-species count methods. Interviews were used to assess resource use by the local people. The survey team recorded 162 plant species from 67 families across the different land use types in the three village landscapes. The team also recorded 10 mammal species. All the mammal species were recorded in the forests within the village lands. In addition, 88 bird species were recorded in the three village landscapes. The tree-based products that the local communities obtained from village landscapes included local medicines, timber, poles, fuelwoods, fruits and vegetables. A total of 56 species were mentioned to be used by the villagers. Most of them were obtained from the agroforest plots. The results of the survey indicate that the village landscapes in the East Usambaras support considerable biodiversity resources. These resources are important for conservation and supporting the local livelihoods. Apart from the village forest reserves, the other land use types on village lands, such as agroforests and fallows, support many valuable species that are also found in the forest reserves. Nonetheless few of the East Usambara and Eastern Arc endemic species that are known from the East Usambaras were recorded during the surveys. This highlights the importance of adopting a landscape approach to conservation including both protected areas and land uses such as agroforestry which provide habitat and corridors for some species.
Abbreviations and acronyms a.s.l above sea level CIFOR Centre for International Forestry Research DBH Diameter at Breast Height FBD Forestry and Beekeeping Division FR Forest Reserve ICRAF The World Agroforestry Centre IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature MTSN Museo Tridentino di Scienze Naturali, Italy SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation TFCG Tanzania Forest Conservation Group TSC Timed Species Count VFR Village Forest Reserve 1
Page 1 and 2: Supported by: Assessment of the bio
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
Page 5: Tanzania Forest Conservation Group
Page 9 and 10: 1) Introduction 1.1 Background to t
Page 11 and 12: 2) BOTANICAL SURVEYS 2.1 Introducti
Page 13 and 14: genus Albizia were also recorded in
Page 15 and 16: Species Frequency per land cover ty
Page 21 and 22: Table 10. Checklist of all the plan
Page 23 and 24: Genus Species Author Dichapetalum s
Page 25 and 26: Genus Species Author East Usambara
Page 27 and 28: In addition, fourteen of the tree s
Page 29 and 30: 4) Birds 4.1 Introduction The East
Page 31 and 32: Species Common name Forest Bias mus
Page 33 and 34: Species Common name Forest 27 Depen
Page 35 and 36: Table 15. Threatened/near-threatene
Page 37 and 38: In Shambangeda, four cameras were u
Page 39 and 40: 6) Resource use survey 6.1 Introduc
Page 41 and 42: Local name Scientific /English name
Page 43 and 44: Table 26. List plant species used b
Page 45 and 46: monoculture and Fischer‟s turaco
Page 47 and 48: Appendix 1. Habitat details for the
Page 49 and 50: Appendix 2. List of plants found in
Page 51 and 52: Plot Sub-plot size (m) Land cover t
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Plot Sub-plot size (m) Land cover t
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Village Plot number Sub-plot size (
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Appendix 3. Transect walks data. Vi
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Village Transect Number Distance al
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Village Transect Number Distance al
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Appendix 4. Bird ringing data. Weig
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Weight Wing Bill Tarsur Tail Date V
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Weight Wing Bill Tarsur Tail Date V
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Date Site Land use /vegetation cove
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Appendix 6. Definition of key land
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