Rocket: a Mediterranean crop for the world - Bioversity International

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14 ROCKET GENETIC RESOURCES NETWORK Table 1. Species and infraspecific taxa of Diplotaxis † and main area of distribution Taxon Area D. acris (Forsk.) Boiss. var. acris Egypt, Near East to Iraq var. duveyrieriana (Coss.) Coss. S Algeria, S Tunisia, S Libya, N Chad D. assurgens (Del.) Thell. central and N Morocco D. berthautii Br.-Bl. and Maire central Morocco D. brachycarpa Godr. N Algeria D. brevisiliqua (Coss.) Mart.-Laborde NE Morocco, NW Algeria D. catholica (L.) DC. var. catholica Spain, Portugal, N Morocco var. rivulorum (Br.-Bl. and Maire) Maire central Morocco D. erucoides (L.) DC. subsp. erucoides Europe, North Africa, Near East to Iraq subsp. longisiliqua (Coss.) Gómez-Campo N Algeria D. glauca (J. A. Schmidt) O.E. Schulz Cape Verde D. gracilis (Webb) O.E. Schulz Cape Verde D. griffitthii (Hook.f. and Thomps.) Boiss. Afghanistan, Pakistan D. harra (Forsk.) Boiss. subsp. harra North Africa, W Asia to Iran subsp. crassifolia (Rafin.) Maire Sicily subsp. lagascana (DC.) O. Bolòs and Vigo SE Spain D. hirta (Chev.) Rustan and Borgen Cape Verde D. ibicensis (Pau) Gómez-Campo Ibiza, Formentera, Cabrera, E Spain D. ilorcitana (Sennen) Aedo et al. E Spain D. kohlaanensis A. Miller and J. Nyberg N Yemen D. muralis (L.) DC. subsp. muralis Europe, N Algeria, Near East, America, etc. subsp. ceratophylla (Batt.) Mart.-Laborde NE Algeria, N Tunisia D. nepalensis Hara W Nepal D. ollivierii Maire S Morocco D. pitardiana Maire S Morocco, S Algeria, Mauritania D. scaposa DC. Lampedusa D. siettiana Maire Alboran D. siifolia Kunze subsp. siifolia SW Iberian Penisula, N Morocco, NW Algeria subsp. bipinnatifida (Coss.) Mart.-Laborde S Morocco subsp. vicentina (Samp.) Mart.-Laborde SW Portugal D. simplex (Viv.) Sprengel S Morocco to Egypt D. tenuifolia (L.) DC. subsp. tenuifolia Europe, North Africa, Near East, America, etc. subsp. cretacea (Kotov) Sobr. Vesp. NE Ukraine, S Russia D. tenuisiliqua Del. subsp. tenuisiliqua central and N Morocco, NW Algeria subsp. rupestris (J. Ball) Mart.-Laborde central Morocco D. villosa Boulos and Jallad Jordan D. viminea (L.) DC. var. viminea Europe, North Africa, Near East var. integrifolia Guss. Europe, North Africa, Near East D. virgata (Cav.) DC. Spain and Portugal, Morocco f. sahariensis Coss. SE Morocco, SW Algeria D. vogelii (Webb) O.E. Schulz Cape Verde † In some cases the status is doubtful or should be changed chromosome numbers and seem to correspond to what could be called ’natural’ groups within the genus. The D. tenuifolia group includes taxa with seedless beak and petals mostly brochidodromous (Table 2). Most of them are annuals with subscapose stems, but D. tenuifolia is perennial and has leafy stems (Figs. 4, 5). Two additional characters, of phytochemical nature, reinforce the group. First, the petal extracts of these species lack the very common aglycone kaempferol, which is however present in their leaves and otherwise widespread in the genus (Sánchez-Yélamo 1994). And second, a strong, acrid smell comes out from their foliage, which most probably is due to
+)2)8-' 6)7396')7 &6))(-2+ %2( '908-:%8-32 Fig. 1. Number of species and infraspecific taxa in each country around the Mediterranean basin and the Near East. Table 2. Taxa of the Diplotaxis tenuifolia group and their known chromosome numbers Taxon No. D. tenuifolia (L.) DC. subsp. tenuifolia 11 D. tenuifolia (L.) DC. subsp. cretacea (Kotov) Sobr. Vesp. 11 D. simplex (Viv.) Sprengel 11 D. viminea (L.) DC. var. viminea and var. integrifolia Guss. 10 D. muralis (L.) DC. subsp. muralis 21 D. muralis (L.) DC. subsp. ceratophylla (Batt.) Mart.-Laborde ? D. scaposa DC. ? Table 3. Taxa of the Diplotaxis harra group and their known chromosome numbers Taxon No. D. harra (Forsk.) Boiss. subsp. harra 13 D. harra (Forsk.) Boiss. subsp. crassifolia (Rafin.) Maire 13 D. harra (Forsk.) Boiss. subsp. lagascana (DC.) O. Bolòs and Vigo 13 D. hirta (Chev.) Rustan and Borgen 13 D. gracilis (Webb) O.E. Schulz 13 D. glauca (J.A. Schmidt) O.E. Schulz 13 D. vogelii (Webb) O.E. Schulz ? D. kohlaanensis A. Miller and J. Nyberg ? D. pitardiana Maire ? D. nepalensis Hara ? D. villosa Boulos and Jallad ? D. acris (Forsk.) Boiss. var. acris 11 D. acris (Forsk.) Boiss. var. duveyrieriana (Coss.) Coss. ? D. griffitthii (Hook.f. and Thomps.) Boiss. ?
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Rocket: a Mediterranean crop for the world - Bioversity International

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