Rocket: a Mediterranean crop for the world - Bioversity International

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44 ROCKET GENETIC RESOURCES NETWORK Results 2MXVSKIR ERH TPERX HIRWMX] I\TIVMQIRXW 4PERX HIRWMX] IJJIGXW Plant density has a significant influence on biomass and leaf marketable yields in both years. Marketable yields, as an average of the number of cuttings and seasons, increased from 2742 to 3327 and 3710 and from 4648 to 5473 and 6752 g/m 2 for 33, 50 and 100 plants/m 2 , respectively for the first cut and total yield. The dry matter was not significantly different from plant densities for both the first cut and the average of cuttings, but during 1996 it was higher at the first cut (Table 1). Biomass and marketable yields of direct-seeded crops, compared with transplanted ones, were always higher (Table 1). Production decreased in both years from first to last harvest and in 1995, when four cuttings were taken, the yields of the last two were very low (Fig. 1). Stems elongated very rapidly. On average they grew about 1 cm/day, and they were taller in seeded plants and in the second cut (Fig. 2). Table 1. Effects of plant density and planting method on wild rocket (1995 and 1996 average) † Biomass (g/m 2 Marketable yield ) (g/m 2 Dry matter Stems ) (%) (g/plant) 1st cut Total 1st cut Total WX GYX Total 1st cut Total Plant density (no./m 2 ) 100 4762 A 9124 A 3710 A 6752A 10.3 A 13.0 A 32.8 A 23.9 B 50 4228 B 7396 B 3327 B 5473 B 9.7 A 13.1 A 32.7 A 24.9 B 33 3466 A 6247 C 2742 C 4648 C 10.4 A 13.1 A 39.0 A 30.0 A Season 1995 4013 A 8790 A 3114 A 6329 A 9.2 B 13.1 A 39.8 A 26.4A 1996 4257 A 6689 B 3380 A 5057 B 10.9 A 13.0 A 31.1 A 26.2 A Planting method Direct sowing 4520 A 7830 A 3535 A 5888A 9.5 A 12.1 B 38.0 A 25.8 B Transplanted 3785 B 7348B 2990 B 5364 B 10.8 A 13.9 A 31.6 B 26.7 A † Mean separation within column by SNK, P=0.01. Marketable yield (g m -2 ) 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 D C B A B A cut 4 cut 3 cut 2 cut 1 1995 1996 1995 1996 Fig. 1. Yield of wild rocket in successive cuttings for the plant density (left) and nitrogen rates (right) experiments. Values with different letters are significantly different at P=0.01 according to SNK. D C B A B A
Lenght of stems (cm) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 +)2)8-' 6)7396')7 &6))(-2+ %2( '908-:%8-32 A B B S T 1 Pl. method Cuttings N rates st 2 nd 0 100 200 Fig. 2 Effect of planting method, time of cutting and nitrogen rates on length of stem of wild rocket in1996. Bars with different letters are significantly different at P=0.01 according to SNK. Table 2. Effects of nitrogen rates, nitrogen source and planting method on wild rocket † Treatments Biomass (g/m 2 ) A Marketable yield (g/m 2 ) C B A Dry matter (%) Stems (g/plants) 1995 N rates (kg/ha) 0 1435 A 13.2 A 19 A – 100 2092 A 1492 A 12.9 A 19 A 200 2063 A 1475 A 13.7 A 18 A Planting method Seeded 1859 B 1285 B 13.1 A 17 B Transplanted 2230 A 1649 A 13.5 A 20 A Cutting 1st 3661 A 2719 A 9.6 C 26 A 2nd 2494 B 1832 B 12.7 B 21 B 3rd 1261 C 830 C 15.6 A 15 C 4th 760 D 488 C 15.2 A 13 C 1996 N rates (kg/ha) 0 3643 B 2419 B 14.4 A 17 B 100 3866 B 2636 B 13.6 B 18 AB 200 4245 A 2906 A 13.3 B 20 A N source NH 4 NO 3 4091 A 2755 A 13.8 A 19 A (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 3746 A 2551 A 13.8 A 17 A Planting method Seeded 4057 A 2720 A 13.3 B 16 B Transplanted 3779 A 2586 A 14.2 A 20 A Cutting 1st 4664 A 3392 A 11.9 B 20 A 2nd 3172 B 1914 B 15.7 A 16 A † Mean separation within column by SNK, P=0.01.
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Rocket: a Mediterranean crop for the world - Bioversity International

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