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Contact angle [Deg.] 90 80 70 60 50 40 0 20 40 60 80 100 Distance from the orifice [mm] Figure 4. Water contact angle of the PE film as a function of distance from the orifice of APPJ. The gas flow rate was 3.0 l min -1 and the exposure time was 10 s. Figure 4 shows the water contact angle of the PE film as a function of distance from the orifice of APPJ. In order to investigate the effectiveness of PE surface modification by the APPJ, hydrophilicity tests were carried out on the PE films before and after the treatment. At least three drops of the test liquids were placed on the sample and the contact angles were measured from the profile of the drops. The untreated sample had contact angle of 98º with water. Whereas after the exposure to the jet, a minimum contact angle of 39º was measured for sample placed at a distance of 5 mm from the orifice for a time of 10 s. For the same exposure time, a contact angle of 82º was measured when the sample was placed at a distance of 100 mm from the orifice. Figure 5 shows the contact angle of PE sample as a function of the exposure time in APPJ. The 1. Fridman G. (2006) Plasma Chemistry and Plasma processes 26: 425. 2. Stoffels, E., Kieft I. and Sladek R. (2003) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 36: 2908. 3. Laroussi M. (2005) Plasma Process Polym. 2: 391. 4. Walsh J.L. and Kong M.G. (2008) Appl. Phys. Lett. 93: 111. 5. Lu X., Ye T., Cao Y., Sun S., Xiong Q., Tang Z., Xiong Z., Hu J., Jiang Z. and Pan Y. (2008) J. Appl. Phys. 104: 053. 6. Bruggeman P. and Leys C. (2009) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42: 053. 7. 8. Kolb J.F., Joshi R.P., Xiao S. and Schoenbach K.H. (2008) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41: 234. Gonzales-Aguilar J., Moreno M. and Fulcheri L. Contact angle [deg.] REFERENCES 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 treatment time ranged from 1 s to 12 s. As shown in the figure, the contact angle of the film changed from 98º for the untreated to the lowest value of 43º after the treatment. CONCLUSION 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Exposure time [s] Figure 5. Water contact angle of PE sample as a function of the exposure time in APPJ. The distance of the sample from the orifice was 5 mm and the gas flow rate was 3.0 l/min. An atmospheric pressure plasma jet has been developed and tested. The irradiation of the jet onto the polymer surface can improve the hydrophilicity of the sample without any damage to the material. The advantages of the present jet system are that the power consumption is low and there is no need of matching network. This plasma source can be used for the treatment of non-planar surface and heat sensitive materials. (2007) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 40: 2361. 9. Schutze A., Jeong J.Y, Banayan S.E, Park J., Selwyn G.S. and Hicks R.F. (1998) IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 26: 1685. 10. Kunhardt E.E. (2000) IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 28: 189. 11. Daun Y., Hung C. and Yu Q.S. (2005) IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 33: 328. 12. Borcia G., Chiper A. and Rusu I. (2006) Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 15: 849. 13. Benedict J., Forcke K., Yanguas-Gil A. and Keudell von A. (2006) J. Appl. Phys. 99: 112. 14. Foster S., Mohr C. and Viol W. (2005) Surface and Coatings Technology 200: 827. 15. Tioshifuji J., Katsumata T., Takikawa H., Sakakibara Jostt vol 6.indd 51 7/22/10 10:09:31 PM 51 Journal of Science and Technology in the Tropics (2010) 6: 49-52
52 Journal of Science and Technology in the Tropics (2009) 6: 49-52 16. 17. T. and Shimizu I. (2003) Surface and Coating Tech. 171: 302. Takemura Y., Kubota Y., Yamaguchi N. and Hara T. (2009) IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 26: 1604. Choi J., Matsuo K., Yoshida H., Namihira T., Katsuki 18. S. and Akiyama H. (2009) Japanese J. Appl. Phys. 48: 086. Subedi D.P., Madhup D.K., Adhikari K. and Joshi U.M. (2008) Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics 6: 540. Jostt vol 6.indd 52 7/22/10 10:09:31 PM
Page 2 and 3: Volume 6 Number 1 Jun 2010 Editoria
Page 4 and 5: Journal of Science and Technology i
Page 8 and 9:   Location Oral contrast Gastric
Page 10 and 11: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomogr
Page 14 and 15: otary microtome. The sections were
Page 16 and 17: weight of rhizome, plant height and
Page 20 and 21: asis. There were 12 stations in the
Page 22 and 23: 1. Drew R.A.I. (1989) The taxonomy
Page 26 and 27: The field team comprised eight memb
Page 28 and 29: of the reproductive tracts, and als
Page 30 and 31: Appendix 1: Mammal species recorded
Page 34 and 35: vitamin C (0.25 to 2.5 mM). Lower c
Page 36 and 37: P. bleo against both the 4T1 and 3T
Page 38 and 39: the most effective. The ability to
Page 42 and 43: Figures 1-4. Abdominal colour morph
Page 46 and 47: A silicon p-n junction photodiode w
Page 48 and 49: = 8 kV, L = 9 cm and with operating
Page 56 and 57: The acoustic emission sensors, mode
Page 58 and 59: SAE Technical Paper Series No. 9611
Page 62 and 63: abundance values by retrieving the
Page 64 and 65: energy neutrons (the second upper h
Page 66 and 67: the differences of γ energy spectr
Page 68 and 69: Volume 6 Number 1 Jun 2010 Editoria
Page 74 and 75:   Location Oral contrast Gastric
Page 76 and 77: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomogr
Page 80 and 81: otary microtome. The sections were
Page 82 and 83: weight of rhizome, plant height and
Page 86 and 87: asis. There were 12 stations in the
Page 88 and 89: 1. Drew R.A.I. (1989) The taxonomy
Page 92 and 93: The field team comprised eight memb
Page 94 and 95: of the reproductive tracts, and als
Page 96 and 97: Appendix 1: Mammal species recorded
Page 100 and 101: vitamin C (0.25 to 2.5 mM). Lower c
Page 102 and 103:
P. bleo against both the 4T1 and 3T
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the most effective. The ability to
Page 106 and 107:
Journal of Science and Technology i
Page 108 and 109:
Figures 1-4. Abdominal colour morph
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Page 112 and 113:
A silicon p-n junction photodiode w
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= 8 kV, L = 9 cm and with operating
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Contact angle [Deg.] 90 80 70 60 50
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The acoustic emission sensors, mode
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SAE Technical Paper Series No. 9611
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Page 128 and 129:
abundance values by retrieving the
Page 130 and 131:
energy neutrons (the second upper h
Page 132 and 133:
the differences of γ energy spectr
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