Chapter 9 - Radioprotectors

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Glucocorticoids Anti-inflammatory treatments – Steroid hormones present in almost every vertebrate animal cell – Bind to the glucocorticoid receptor. – Effect on metabolism: Synthesis of glucose from amino acid Stimulation of fat breakdown in adipose tissue – The vast majority of glucocorticoid activity in most mammals is from cortisol – Cortisol binds to the glucocorticoid receptor in the cytoplasm and the hormone-receptor complex is then translocated into the nucleus – Applied as symptomatic, supportive treatment in order to manage oedema and pain associated with the inflammatory component of radiation-induced side-effects. – No conclusive results are available for this class of drugs for specific targeting of inflammatory processes in order to prevent radiotherapy side effects
Anti-inflammatory treatments (cont.) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – Pros: – Cons: Block the cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX) and reduce prostaglandins throughout the body Prostaglandins are produced within the body's cells by the enzyme cyclooxygenase. They promote inflammation, pain, fever - http://www.medicinenet.com Used for the symptomatic management of inflammatory signs of (early) radiation side-effects : acetylic salicylic acid Cause prolongation of renal failure in experiment on mouse kidney Since Prostaglandins can protect stomach from acid damage and support blood clotting, reducing Prostaglandins with NSAIDs may cause bleeding and stomach diseases
Page 1 and 2: Radioprotectors Prepared by Du Le M
Page 3 and 4: Definitions - Radioprotectors - Dos
Page 5 and 6: Dose reduction factor (DRF) DRF is
Page 7 and 8: Discoveries (Cont.) Patt’s result
Page 9 and 10: Indirect action of Cysteine on Thym
Page 11 and 12: Indirect action of Cysteine on Thym
Page 13 and 14: Development of more effective compo
Page 15 and 16: Recall: Events following radiation
Page 17 and 18: Prophylaxis
Page 19 and 20: Systemic Hypoxia (cont.) Systemic r
Page 21 and 22: Honess’ experiments Example (cont
Page 23 and 24: Mitigators (Radical Scavengers) Fre
Page 25 and 26: Amifostine (cont.) Is a phosphoroth
Page 27 and 28: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) Superoxi
Page 29 and 30: Classification of Radioprotector (i
Page 31 and 32: Haematopoietic growth factors Produ
Page 33 and 34: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) signa
Page 35 and 36: Transforming growth factors β- sig
Page 37: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
Page 41 and 42: References http://www.ccfa.org/what

Chapter 9 - Radioprotectors

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