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criticisms of the einstein field equation - Alpha Institute for Advanced ...

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CHAPTER 2. A REVIEW OF EINSTEIN CARTAN EVANS (ECE) . . .<br />

and have O(3) symmetry as follows:<br />

q (1) × q (2) = iq (3)∗ , (2.182)<br />

q (2) × q (1) = iq (1)∗ , (2.183)<br />

q (3) × q (1) = iq (2)∗ . (2.184)<br />

In <strong>the</strong> absence <strong>of</strong> rotation about Z :<br />

∇ × A (1) = ∇ × A (2) = 0, (2.185)<br />

A (3) = A (0) k. (2.186)<br />

In <strong>the</strong> complex circular basis:<br />

∇ × E (1) + ∂B (1) /∂t = 0, (2.187)<br />

∇ × E (2) + ∂B (2) /∂t = 0, (2.188)<br />

∇ × E (3) + ∂B (3) /∂t = 0. (2.189)<br />

There<strong>for</strong>e from Eqs. (2.176) to (2.189) <strong>the</strong> only <strong>field</strong> present is:<br />

B (3)∗ = B (3) = −iB (0) q (1) × q (2)<br />

= B (3)<br />

z k = Bzk<br />

(2.190)<br />

which is <strong>the</strong> static magnetic <strong>field</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> bar magnet.<br />

Now mechanically rotate <strong>the</strong> disk at an angular frequency Ω to produce:<br />

A (1) = A(0)<br />

√ 2 (i − ij) exp(iΩt), (2.191)<br />

A (2) = A(0)<br />

√ 2 (i + ij) exp(−iΩt). (2.192)<br />

From Eqs. (2.176) to (2.192) electric and magnetic <strong>field</strong>s are induced in a direction<br />

transverse to Z, i.e. in <strong>the</strong> XY plane <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> spinning disk as observed<br />

experimentally. However, <strong>the</strong> Z axis magnetic flux density is unchanged by<br />

physical rotation about <strong>the</strong> same Z axis. This is again as observed experimentally.<br />

The (2) component <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> transverse electric <strong>field</strong> spins around <strong>the</strong> rim <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> disk and is defined from Eq. (2.151) as:<br />

E (2) = E (1)∗ <br />

∂<br />

= − + iΩ A<br />

∂t (2) . (2.193)<br />

It can be seen from section 2.5 that iΩ is a type <strong>of</strong> spin connection. The latter<br />

is caused by mechanical spin, which in ECE is a spinning <strong>of</strong> space-time itself.<br />

The real and physical part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> induced E (1) is:<br />

Real(E (1) ) = 2<br />

√ 2 A (0) Ω(i sin Ωt − j cos Ωt) (2.194)<br />

43

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