Introduction - American Jewish Archives

I 66 American Jewish Archives
come editor of the influential daily La Nacion. Gerchunoff's father,
one of the earliest Russian-Jewish settlers in Entre Rios, had been mur-
dered by an indigenous herdsman. Yet Gerchunoff, in what may have
been an exercise in wish fulfillment, created a series of nostalgic scenes
of rural Jewish life. In a collection of interrelated short stories rather
than a tightly constructed novel, Gerchunoff presents Jews encounter-
ing problems in adjusting to a new life-style and a sometimes antago-
nistic surrounding culture. But while the severity of these difficulties is
not minimized, the novel is suffused with optimism. These are only
temporary aberrations which the essentially benign Argentine culture
will soon remedy.'
Even the novel's style reflects a belief in the possibilities for synergis-
tic interaction between the Hispanic-Argentine and Jewish cultures.
Gerchunoff's first language was Yiddish, but by the time he wrote this
book (in his early twenties), he had perfected a Spanish prose modeled
on that of Cervantes. Into his Cervantine rhythms, he infused Yiddish
expressions and Hebrew benedictions. The Agadah, the Talmud, Don
Quixote, and Cervantes' Exemplary Novels are all cited in the text.
Unlike writers for the Yiddish press, Gerchunoff intended his novel for
a Christian as well as a Jewish audience, and included explanatory
comments which would have been superfluous to his Jewish readers.
Also, there are frequent references to Christ and the Virgin Mary.
To the Jews of Los gauchos judios, refugees from the pogroms and
frigid winters of Russia, the Argentine countryside clearly represented
the promised land. They saw it as a new Zion, prophesied in their
prayers and far superior to contemporary Palestine, "con sus conven-
tos, cruzes, y mezquitas" ["with its convents, crosses, and mosques"]
(p. 102). The land and sky of Argentina are revered as protective and
nurturing forces. The difficulties of farming are not cause for doubting
the wisdom of the enterprise: even a locust plague is not enough to
dampen the Jews' enthusiasm for long. Unlike many of their real-life
counterparts who left the land for the cities-some even returned to
Europe-Gerchunoff's Jews are convinced that Entre Rios is the best
place on earth. In one anecdote, newly arrived Jews say "Amen" every
time the word "Libertad" ["Liberty"] is repeated in the Argentine an-
them.
Their fierce identification with the land led these Jews to be fascinat-
ed with its inhabitants: the small farmers, the shopkeepers, and, most