Evaluating Patient-Based Outcome Measures - NIHR Health ...

Clark A, Fallowfield LJ (1986). Quality of life measurements
in patients with malignant disease: a review. J R Soc
Med;79:165–9.
Clarke AE, Fries JF (1992). Health status instruments and
physical examination techniques in clinical measurement
methodologies. Curr Opin Rheumatol;4:145–52.
Cleeland CS (1990). Assessment of pain in cancer.
Measurement issues. Advances in Pain Research and
Therapy;16:49–55.
Coast J (1992). Reprocessing data to form QALYs.
BMJ;305:87–90.
Coates A, Gebski V, Bishop JF, Jeal PN, Woods RL,
Snyder R, et al (1987). Improving the quality of life
during chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer. A
comparison of intermittent and continuous treatment
strategies. N Engl J Med;317:1490–5.
Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioural
sciences. New York: Academic Press. p. 1977.
Cook DJ, Guyatt GH, Juniper EF, Griffith LE, McIlroy
W, Willan A, et al (1993). Interviewer versus selfadministered
questionnaires in developing a diseasespecific,
health-related quality of life instrument for
asthma. J Clin Epidemiol;46:529–34.
Coste J, Fermanian J, Venot A (1995). Methodological
and statistical problems in the construction of composite
measurement scales: a survey of six medical and
epidemiological journals. Stat Med;14:331–45.
Coste J, Guillemin F, Pouchot J, Fermanian J (1997).
Methodological approaches to shortening composite
measurement scales. J Clin Epidemiol;50:247–52.
Cox DR, Fitzpatrick R, Fletcher AE, Gore SM,
Spiegelhalter DJ, Jones DR (1992). Quality-of-life
assessment: can we keep it simple? J R Statist
Soc;155:353–93.
Croft P, Pope D, Zonca M, O’Neill T, Silman A (1994).
Measurement of shoulder related disability: results of a
validation study. Ann Rheum Dis;53:525–28.
Cronbach L (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal
structure of tests. Psychometrica;16:287–334.
Curtis SE (1987). Self reported morbidity in London and
Manchester: intra-urban and inter-urban variations.
Social Indicators Research;19:255–72.
Dawson J, Fitzpatrick R, Carr A (1996a). Questionnaire
on the perceptions of patients about total hip replacement.
J Bone Jt Surg;78-B:185–90.
Dawson J, Fitzpatrick R, Murray D, Carr A (1996b).
Comparison of measures to assess outcomes in total hip
replacement surgery. Quality in Health Care;5:81–8.
de Haes JC, van Knippenberg FC (1985). The quality of
life of cancer patients: a review of the literature. Soc Sci
Med;20:809–17.
de Vaus D (1986). Surveys in social research. London:
George Allen & Unwin.
Health Technology Assessment 1998; Vol. 2: No. 14
Devinsky O (1995). Outcome research in neurology:
incorporating health-related quality of life [editorial].
Ann Neurol;37:141–2.
Deyo RA (1984). Measuring functional outcomes in
therapeutic trials for chronic disease. Control Clin
Trials;5:223–40.
Deyo RA (1991). The quality of life, research and care
[editorial]. Ann Intern Med;114:695–97.
Deyo RA, Centor RM (1986). Assessing the responsiveness
of functional scales to clinical change: an analogy to
diagnostic test performance. J Chronic Dis;39:897–906.
Deyo RA, Diehl AK (1986). Patient satisfaction with
medical care for low-back pain. Spine;11:28–30.
Deyo RA, Inui TS (1984). Toward clinical applications of
health status measures: sensitivity of scales to clinically
important changes. Health Serv Res;19:275–89.
Deyo RA, Patrick DL (1989). Barriers to the use of health
status measures in clinical investigation, patient care and
policy research. Med Care;27:S254–68.
Deyo RA, Patrick DL (1995). The significance of
treatment effects: the clinical perspective. Med
Care;33:AS286–91.
Deyo RA, Diehr P, Patrick DL (1991). Reproducibility
and responsiveness of health status measures. Statistics
and strategies for evaluation. Control Clin
Trials;12:142S–158S.
Dillman D (1978). Mail & telephone surveys: the total
design method. New York: Wiley.
Dolan P, Kind P (1996). Inconsistency and health state
valuations. Soc Sci Med;42:609–15.
Donovan JL, Frankel SJ, Eyles JD (1993). Assessing the
need for health status measures. J Epidemiol Community
Health;47:158–62.
Drummond M (1987). Discussion: Torrance’s “utility
approach to measuring health related-quality of life”.
J Chronic Dis;40:601–3.
Drummond M (1992). The role and importance of
quality of life measurements in economic evaluations.
Br J Med Econ;4:9–16.
Drummond M (1993). Estimating utilities for decisions
in health care. In: Analysing how we reach clinical
decisions (Llewellyn-Thomas H, Hopkins A, editors).
London: Royal College of Physicians of London.
p. 125–43.
Ebbs SR, Fallowfield LJ, Fraser SC, Baum M (1989).
Treatment outcomes and quality of life. Int J Technol
Assess Health Care;5:391–400.
Ebrahim S (1995). Clinical and public health
perspectives and applications of health-related quality
of life measurement. Soc Sci Med;41:1383–94.
Editorial (1995). Quality of life and clinical trials.
Lancet;346:1–2.
53