SQL Server Backup and Restore - Simple Talk

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Restoring Databases Chapter 1: Basics of Backup and Restore Of course, the ultimate goal of our entire SQL Server backup strategy is to prepare ourselves for the, hopefully rare, cases where we need to respond quickly to an emergency situation, for example restoring a database over one that has been damaged, or creating a second copy of a database (see http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190436. aspx) in order to retrieve some data that was accidentally lost from that database. In non-emergency scenarios, we may simply want to restore a copy of a database to a development or test server. For a user database operating in FULL recovery model, we have the widest range of restore options available to us. As noted throughout the chapter, we can take transaction log backups and use them, in conjunction with full and differential backups, to restore a database to a specific point within a log file. In fact, the RESTORE LOG command supports several different ways to do this. We can: • recover to a specific point in time – we can stop the recovery at a specific point in time within a log backup file, recovering the database to the point it was in when the last transaction committed, before the specified STOPAT time • recover to a marked transaction – if a log backup file contains a marked transaction (defined using BEGIN TRAN TransactionName WITH MARK 'Description…') then we can recover the database to the point that this transaction starts (STOPBE- FOREMARK) or completes (STOPATMARK) • recover to a Log Sequence Number – stop the recovery at a specific log record, identified by its LSN (see Chapter 6, Log Restores). We'll cover several examples of the first option (which is by far the most common) in this book. In addition, we can perform more "granular" restores. For example, in certain cases, we can recover a database by restoring only a single data file (plus transaction logs), rather than the whole database. We'll cover these options in Chapters 9 and 10. 46
Chapter 1: Basics of Backup and Restore For databases in BULK_LOGGED model, we have similar restore options, except that none of the point-in-time restore options listed previously can be applied to a log file that contains minimally logged transactions. For SIMPLE recovery model databases, our restore options are more limited. In the main, we'll be performing straightforward restores of the full and differential database backup files. In many cases, certainly for a development database, for example, and possibly for other "non-frontline" systems, this will be perfectly adequate, and will greatly simplify, and reduce the time required for, the backup and restore strategies for these databases. Finally, there are a couple of important "special restore" scenarios that we may run into from time to time. Firstly, we may need to restore one of the system databases. Secondly, if only a single data page is damaged, it may be possible to perform a page restore, rather than restoring the whole database. Restoring system databases The majority of the discussion of backing up and restoring databases takes place in the context of protecting an organization's business data. However, on any SQL Server instance there will also be a set of system databases, which SQL Server maintains and that are critical to its operation, and which also need to be backed up on a regular schedule. The full list of these databases can be found in Books Online (http://msdn.microsoft. com/en-us/library/ms190190.aspx), but there are three in particular that must be included in your backup and recovery strategy. The master database holds information on all of your other databases, logins and much more. If you lose your master database you are in a bad spot unless you are taking backups and so can restore it. A full backup of this database, which operates in SIMPLE recovery model, should be part of your normal backup procedures for each SQL Server instance, along with all the user databases on that instance. You should also back up 47
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SQL Monitor SQL Server performance
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.NET Reflector ® Decompile, browse
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Brad's Sure Guide to SQL Server Mai
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