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Skiascope 1 som pdf - Göteborg

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JeFF WerNer<br />

INledNING<br />

”Hängda och utställda” skulle kunna vara titeln på ännu en deckare.<br />

Men denna bok – den första i en ny vetenskaplig skriftserie från<br />

<strong>Göteborg</strong>s konstmuseum – innehåller förhoppningsvis mer spännande<br />

stoff än så. Det finns förvisso de <strong>som</strong> anser att konsten dör<br />

när den flyttar in på museum – vi kan kalla dem museiskeptiker<br />

– men för de allra flesta är det på museet <strong>som</strong> konsten föds. Det är<br />

där vi uppfattar målningen eller skulpturen <strong>som</strong> konst, renskalad<br />

från många andra av dess funktioner : att hylla makten, att tjäna Gud<br />

eller kyrkan, att höja ägarens status, eller att förse konstnären och<br />

konsthandlaren med en hygglig utkomst för nämna några exempel.<br />

Mot museiskeptikernas argument om museet <strong>som</strong> skarprättare, kan<br />

motsatsen anföras : museet <strong>som</strong> konstens förlösare. Vi <strong>som</strong> omfattar<br />

denna hållning kan peka på att museerna är jämnåriga med det<br />

moderna konstbegreppets födelse under slutet av 1700-talet. Och för<br />

1900-talets avantgarde-konst har många gånger museets potential att<br />

likt en demiurg omvandla skräp till guld varit avgörande för att få<br />

14<br />

JeFF WerNer<br />

INtroduCtIoN<br />

The first issue of a new scholarly periodical from the Gothenburg Museum<br />

of Art, Displayed and Exhibited, true to its penny dreadful title contains<br />

plenty of sensation, but of the aesthetic rather than the lurid variety. True,<br />

there are those who believe that art is killed stone dead when it is moved<br />

into a museum – we can perhaps call them museum sceptics – but for most<br />

of us museums are the place where art is born. It is here we understand<br />

painting or sculpture as art, peeled bare of many of its many other functions:<br />

the praise of power, the service of God or the Church, the flaunting<br />

of an owner’s status, or the provision of a livelihood to an artist or an art<br />

dealer, to name only a few. In answer to the museum sceptics’ conviction<br />

that museums are executioners, we can retort that museums are the midwives<br />

of art. We can point to the fact that museums are the same age as<br />

the very idea of art, a notion that dates to the end of the eighteenth century.<br />

And for the art of the twentieth-century avant-garde, the demiurge<br />

power of museums to transform trash into gold has always been crucial<br />

in defining artefacts and actions as art. Ever since Marcel Duchamp’s<br />

‘ready-mades’ in the 1910s, the capacity of art institutions to comprehend<br />

both artefacts and gestures as art has been an important element in artistic<br />

life. Museums of art are constantly called on to protect art: they preserve<br />

it from the ravages of time; they make sure it is not forgotten; and they<br />

defend its claim to be art in the face of critical objections.<br />

The hanging of fine art is thus far more a question of life than of<br />

death.<br />

Of course, it does sound very odd to talk of hanging art, as if it were<br />

an execution. In the West, during the boom in the nineteenth century<br />

when museums were constructed and fitted out on an immense scale,

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