National Commission on Children and Disasters. 2010 Report to the ...

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Recommendation 8.2: Ensure that State and local juvenile justice agencies and all residential treatment, correctional, and detention facilities that house children adequately prepare for disasters. - Congress should require State and local juvenile justice agencies and all residential treatment, correctional, and detention facilities that house children to have comprehensive disaster plans in place. - DHS/FEMA and DOJ should support disaster planning for State and local juvenile justice agencies and residential treatment, correctional, and detention facilities that house children, by providing funding, technical assistance, and training. In 2007, more than 1.6 million delinquency cases were processed nationwide resulting in 149,000 youth being placed out of their home. 312 In August 2005, prior to the arrival of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, approximately 16,000 children were under the care or supervision of the juvenile justice systems in the impacted Gulf Coast States. 313 The experiences of some of these children demonstrate the importance of effectively implementing coordinated system-wide juvenile justice disaster plans. 314,315 For example, while State-run juvenile facilities in New Orleans safely evacuated youth to Baton Rouge in advance of Hurricane Katrina, the last-minute evacuation of a city-run juvenile facility to the predominately adult-populated Orleans Parish Prison left some children trapped for days without food, water, or medical care. 316 A 2006 report funded by the Department of Justice (DOJ) Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Protection (OJJDP) emphasized the importance of multi-agency collaborations in disaster planning, including involving Federal, State, and local agencies and communitybased organizations. 317 The report noted that detention and correctional facilities that had undertaken these efforts were better positioned following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita to make the difficult decisions that affected the safety of youth under their care. 318 312 Charles Puzzanchera, Benjamin Adams, and Melissa Sickmund, Juvenile Court Statistics 2006-2007, ed. <strong>National</strong> Center for Juvenile Justice (Pittsburgh, PA: NCJJ, 2010), 9, 50, http://www.ncjjservehttp.org/ncjjwebsite/pdf/jcsreports/jcs2007.pdf. 313 Susan James Andrews and Susan Yeres, An Assessment of the Impact of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita on the Juvenile Justice System, ed. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC: OJJDP, 2006), 3, http://gemini.gmu.edu/ebct/Events/Katrina%20final%20report.pdf. 314 Ibid., 7. 315 Juvenile Justice Project of Louisiana (JJPL), Treated Like Trash: Juvenile Detention in New Orleans Before, During, and After Hurricane Katrina, (New Orleans, LA: JJPL, 2006), 10-11, http://www.jjpl.org/PDF/treated_like_trash.pdf. 316 Ibid., 5. 317 Susan James Andrews and Susan Yeres, An Assessment of the Impact of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita on the Juvenile Justice System, 4. 318 Ibid., 3. 106 NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CHILDREN AND DISASTERS: 2010 REPORT
The <strong>Commission</strong> recommends that all State and local juvenile justice agencies and facilities–including all residential treatment, correctional, and detention facilities that house children, as well as private facilities that manage youth treatment programs–have comprehensive disaster plans in place. Although a baseline level of disaster planning is required for State child welfare agencies, Federal law does not require juvenile justice systems to develop and implement disaster plans. While a Federal requirement is advisable, the <strong>Commission</strong> is currently working with OJJDP on incentives for action. The overarching goal of juvenile justice disaster planning must be to protect the physical safety and emotional well-being of children in the State’s care before, during, and after a disaster. Critical services must be maintained (e.g., education, health, mental health, substance abuse, probation, and case processing) for all children in the system, whether in care or under supervision. Plans should be coordinated with other jurisdictions and entities within the juvenile system, including courts and probation services, and with key external stakeholders such as emergency management officials and community-based organizations. State juvenile justice agencies should oversee and coordinate system-wide disaster planning and certify that all local agencies and facilities that house juveniles within the State adequately prepare for disasters. To help inform the development of juvenile justice disaster planning, the <strong>Commission</strong> recommended in its Interim Report that OJJDP conduct an assessment of disaster preparedness among State and local juvenile justice systems. 319 OJJDP subsequently requested disaster plans from the State agencies that receive its formula grant funds. Fifteen grantees responded and OJJDP found that the submitted plans were predominantly intended for basic continuity of operations, rather than comprehensive disaster preparedness, response and recovery. 320 The <strong>Commission</strong> also recommended in its Interim Report that OJJDP form a working group with the mission of improving juvenile justice disaster preparedness nationwide. 321 OJJDP established the Justice Working Group on Children and Disasters, whose initial goal is to create a document with guiding principles to assist juvenile justice facilities in developing disaster plans. 322 319 <strong>National</strong> <strong>Commission</strong> on Children and Disasters, Interim Report, (Washington, DC: NCCD, October 14, 2009), 49-50, http://www.childrenanddisasters.acf.hhs.gov/20091014_508IR_partII.pdf. 320 <strong>National</strong> <strong>Commission</strong> on Children and Disasters, “Progress Report on Children and Disasters: U.S. Agencies Take Modest Steps To Achieve <strong>Commission</strong> Goals,” (Washington, DC: NCCD, May 11, 2010), 14, http://www.childrenanddisasters.acf.hhs.gov/20100511_NCCD_Progress_Report_FINAL.pdf. 321 <strong>National</strong> <strong>Commission</strong> on Children and Disasters, Interim Report, 50. 322 The Working Group includes members from relevant Federal, State, and local agencies and nongovernmental entities with expertise in managing and providing services within juvenile justice systems and the courts, as well as members with disaster management experience. The document is scheduled to be released in January 2011. NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CHILDREN AND DISASTERS: 2010 REPORT 107
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NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CHILDREN AND
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ii The 2010 Report to the President
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Each new disaster presents distinct
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Contents Abbreviations.............
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EMSC Emergency Medical Services for
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Background The National</st
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Recommendation 1.2: The President s
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- Include pediatric expertise on th
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Recommendation 4.3: HHS should deve
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8. Child Welfare and Juvenile Justi
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11. Evacuation Recommendation 11.1:
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1. Disaster Management and Recovery
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A major impediment to the prioritiz
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children are a core consideration i
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Recommendation 1.2: The President s
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Recommendation 1.3: DHS/FEMA should
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The Commission rec
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2. Mental Health Recommendation 2.1
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2. Mental Health Recommendation 2.1
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The Commission rec
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Recommendation 2.4: DHS/FEMA and SA
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urden on affected States and commun
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types of [enhanced] crisis counseli
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elated adjustment difficulties such
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46 NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CHILDREN
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children are largely unavailable or
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children may take several years, th
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As highlighted in the Commi
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Recommendation 3.3: HHS should ensu
Page 62 and 63: Recommendation 3.4: The Executive B
Page 64 and 65: Notwithstanding the need for greate
Page 66 and 67: Finally, the Commission</st
Page 69 and 70: 4. Emergency Medical Services and P
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Page 73 and 74: Recommendation 4.2: Improve the cap
Page 75 and 76: In addition, the Commission
Page 77 and 78: NDMS and DoD are not the only entit
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Page 83: Not all disasters will involve disa
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Page 88 and 89: The Commission rec
Page 90 and 91: In response to the Commissi
Page 92 and 93: Finally, the Commission</st
Page 94 and 95: eport, the chronic shortage of pedi
Page 98 and 99: expertise. 272 While most school di
Page 100 and 101: Recommendation 7.2: Congress and ED
Page 102 and 103: Recommendation 7.3: Ensure that sch
Page 104 and 105: Another mechanism through which the
Page 106 and 107: sources. 303 Without comprehensive
Page 110 and 111: . Respond to new child welfare case
Page 114 and 115: The Commission sup
Page 116 and 117: Toward the goal of ensuring that ju
Page 120 and 121: evisions to the standards were need
Page 123 and 124: 10. Housing Recommendation 10.1: Pr
Page 125 and 126: 10. Housing Recommendation 10.1: Pr
Page 127 and 128: corresponding tasks related to the
Page 129: Finally, the Commission</st
Page 134 and 135: evacuees. 382 States also have the
Page 136 and 137: The Commission sup
Page 138 and 139: Recommendation 11.2: Disaster plans
Page 140 and 141: planning for the evacuation of scho
Page 144 and 145: Appendix A. Study Approach The <str
Page 146 and 147: Appendix B: Index to Recommendation
Page 150 and 151: • Include bereavement support and
Page 152 and 153: Relevant Federal Agencies President
Page 156 and 157: • DHS/FEMA should clarify the tra
Page 158 and 159: ● Relevant Federal Agencies Presi
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• Congress should authorize DHS/F
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Appendix C: Model Executive Order o
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2. Children and Disasters Advisory
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• Support disaster plans, trainin
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• When children exhibit signs of
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Appendix F. Supplies for Infants an
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Non-Perishable Supplies & Equipment
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Supplemental Information Descriptio
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Appendix G. Subcommittee Members an
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Richard Muth, National</str
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Also, the Commission</stron
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Children’s Research Center^ Churc
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Planning and Learning Technologies,
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Honorable Sheila Leslie Appointed t
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Honorable Mark K. Shriver, MPA Chai
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NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CHILDREN AND
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