Prison Needle Exchange: Lessons from a Comprehensive Review ...

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Common factors in effective prison needle exchange programs 53 Leadership of prison administration and support of prison staff 53 Need for confidentiality and trust 54 Adequate access to needles 55 Needle exchange as part of a harm-reduction program 55 Importance of evidenced-based decision-making: evaluating pilot projects 55 Needle Exchange Programs Should Be Implemented in Prisons in Canada 57 Needle exchange programs recommended since 1992 57 Expert Committee on AIDS and Prisons 58 Study Group on Needle Exchange Programs 59 Standing Committee on Health 60 Legal obligation to respect, protect, and fulfill prisoners’ right to health 60 Inadequacy of bleach 61 Methadone maintenance therapy a partial solution to the harms of IDU 62 Opinions of prison staff 63 Cost-effectiveness of prison needle exchange programs 64 Time for elected officials and prison authorities in Canada to act 64 Recommendation 65 Conclusion: A call for leadership on prison needle exchange programs 66 Notes 68 Bibliography 79 About the Authors 88
Page 2 and 3: Prison Needle Exchange: Lessons fro
Page 4: In memory of Andréa Riesch Toepell
Page 7: Spain 29 Summary 29 HIV/AIDS, HCV,
Page 11 and 12: The study was carried out in two pr
Page 13 and 14: Canadian developments Further evide
Page 15 and 16: The Correctional Investigator comme
Page 17 and 18: 9 P Afshar. From the assessment to
Page 19 and 20: Prisoners’ right to health The fa
Page 21 and 22: Next steps This report will be sent
Page 23 and 24: Injection drug use and high rates o
Page 25 and 26: other countries - Kyrgyzstan and Be
Page 27 and 28: to the United States. Thus, the sit
Page 29 and 30: 1994, found that 6.9% of all partic
Page 31 and 32: drugs, needles are typically scarce
Page 33 and 34: HBV and 74.8% were infected with HC
Page 35 and 36: Human Rights and Legal Standards Nu
Page 37 and 38: Three additional international inst
Page 39 and 40: documents above. Reports from the E
Page 41 and 42: and in prisons; a history of the pr
Page 43 and 44: Expansion to other prisons At the s
Page 45 and 46: lems. Oberschöngrün also follows
Page 47 and 48: tion drug use in Germany’s crimin
Page 49 and 50: Evaluation and lessons learned An e
Page 51 and 52: The first prison needle exchange pr
Page 53 and 54: was established in July 1997 in the
Page 55 and 56: keeping in mind that the primary ob
Page 57 and 58: Three lessons emerge from a review
Page 59 and 60:
Health Reform in Prisons, with the
Page 61 and 62:
Distribution of Harm-Reduction Tool
Page 63 and 64:
nity to avail themselves of the pro
Page 65 and 66:
Analysis of the Evidence Refuting o
Page 67 and 68:
tainty, which allows preventive act
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Prison Colony 18 in Moldova, and in
Page 71 and 72:
of needle exchange has resulted in
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vantage” from the perspective of
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Educational workshops and consultat
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mented two pilots running in parall
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Population: A Comprehensive Strateg
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• can reach offenders who are at
Page 83 and 84:
could significantly improve the hea
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sures have not “sent the wrong me
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Conclusion: A call for leadership o
Page 89 and 90:
Notes 1 J Nelles,T Harding. Prevent
Page 91 and 92:
41 S Black. Springhill Project Repo
Page 93 and 94:
43 UN GAOR Supp (No 49) at 298, UN
Page 95 and 96:
149 Information on the evaluation i
Page 97 and 98:
211 Pintelli, private correspondenc
Page 99 and 100:
270 In a syringe sterilized with bl
Page 101 and 102:
International Covenant on Economic,
Page 103 and 104:
Dolan K, W Hall, A Wodak, M Gaughwi
Page 105 and 106:
Joint United Nations Programme on H
Page 107 and 108:
Nelles J, A Fuhrer, HP Hirsbrunner,
Page 109:
About the Authors Rick Lines is the
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