Migration in the Russian Federation: A Country Profile 2008 - EU ...

Contents
List of tables and figures......................................................................... 7
Acronym list............................................................................................. 7
Foreword.................................................................................................. 9
Executive Summary: General Assessment of Migration Issues........ 13
1. Immigrants......................................................................................... 17
1.1. Number of immigrants .............................................................................17
1.2. Status of immigrants .................................................................................19
1.3. Main countries of origin of immigrants ....................................................28
2. Emigrants........................................................................................... 33
2.1. Total number of emigrants ........................................................................33
2.2. Status of emigrants ....................................................................................34
2.3. Main countries of destination ..................................................................38
3. Remittances ....................................................................................... 41
3.1. Quantitative aspects of remittances ..........................................................41
3.2. Qualitative aspects of remittances ............................................................46
4. Migrant communities/diasporas...................................................... 47
4.1. Description of relationship between diasporas and country of origin ......47
4.2. Migrant communities/diasporas’ organizations by country
of destination ..............................................................................................53
5. Irregular migration .......................................................................... 55
5.1. Numbers/estimates of irregular movements .............................................55
5.2. Figures and information on return migration flows ..................................57
5.3. Figures and information on trafficking ....................................................58
6. Assessment and analysis of migration issues................................... 65
6.1. Government institutions responsible for migration policy ......................65
6.2. International legal framework in place relevant to migration ..................67
6.3. Migration policies in place ......................................................................72
6.4. Labour migration issues ............................................................................75
6.5. Policies to address irregular migration .....................................................81
6.6. Policies to address trafficking in human beings ........................................83
6.7. Refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons,
and relevant policies in place ....................................................................88
6.8. Other important migration actors in the country ......................................89
7. Annex: Some Additional Migration Statistics ................................ 95
Migration in the Russian Federation: A Country Profile 2008