615611 Electronics Workshop 2 Manual - Thames & Kosmos

D2
D2
D3
D3
GND
C
p
n
p
E
GND
Digit
Digit
PWM Uin
D0 Din
D1 Beep
D2 Start
D3 Reset
100 nF
220 kΩ
100 nF
220 kΩ
“Electronics Workshop Galvanometer 2” manual terminal wires
connected to + contact clips K and L
10 µF
K
10 µF
A
6
1
10 µF
220 kΩ
100 nF
10 µF
220 kΩ
2
C E
64
13
Variable capacitor terminal wires
6
2
1
6
1
2
2
64
4 3
3
C E C
B
A
E
220 kΩ
1
6
2
Variable A capacitor C DGe terminal wires
A K
connected to contact clips A, B, and C
D Ge
TF B
E A CK
B
AMP
K
E
–
4
A
3
Resistors
K A
+ –
M
U V
S
+
+
T
–
O
10 mF
U
P
M
R
10 kΩ
UV
10 pieces
various values
C E
C
C
n
p
n
E
A K
These are for setting levels of current and resistance . The unit of electrical resistance is the ohm
B
(abbreviation for Greek omega = Ω) . By prefixing CDS“kilo”
for thousand or “mega” for million, you
can get shorthand ways of writing large resistance NTC values C.
For example, you can get E1
kΩ = 1
kilohm = 1,000 ohms . The resistance value is indicated on the resistor in the form of a color . Most
+
have three colored rings CDS and an additional fourth ring, B which indicates the resistor’s Kprecision
A or K
tolerance as a percent . On the back of this manual, A K you will find a diagram of the entire color
E
10 mF
code . The abbreviation for resistor is the letter “R .” If several resistors are connected in a circuit,
A
O
9 V
NTC
P
100 nF + –
OR
10 kΩ
P
10
their symbols will include a number, such as R1, KR2,
AR3,
etc .
A K
220 C kΩ E
A
K A
CDS
C
B
C
B
C
A K
+
M N
+
+ NTC
PHT –
Capacitors M
U V
NTC
NTC
A
DGe
K
K
B
A
E
E
D Ge
A K
E
10 mF
10 mF
2 x 6,8 nF
100 Speaker nF terminal wires
SP
connected to contact clips M and N
C
A K+
–
E C
K L
A B C
A C
C
C
A capacitor stores an electrical + charge and decouples circuit components, since it won’t let TFan
electrical current pass through it . Its unit of measure is the farad, abbreviated B
B “F .” In practice, a
E C
220 kΩ
nometer terminal farad wires is much too large, – and in most cases a millionth, billionth, or even trillionth of a farad is
NTC Variable NTCcapacitor
terminal wires
ed to contact enough clips K and for L our purposes . These very small units are designated E microfarad B E
connected to contact clips A, B, and C
(µF), Knanofarad
A (nF),
100 nF
100 nF
and picofarad (pF) . In multipack 1, there are two 6 .8 nF capacitors . Sometimes, you will also see
S
O
K
C
A
P
E
PHT T
R
10 TFkΩ
P
it printed as “6800 pF .”
V
+ –
+ –
C
+
S ST
A
HS
AMP +
M N
DGe
B
D Ge
–
A K
E
C
Electrolytic NTC
B C
K A ca-
220 E kΩ
220 kΩ 10 mF
p
n
A K pacitors
p LED 3
A
+
D E F
Speaker terminal wires
E
B
connected P to contact clips M and N
A K
1 x 10 µF
E
10 mF
LED K L
A B C
1 x 100 µF
A C
A K
Potentiometer terminal wires
K
EP +
TF
CC
IR-LED
connected to contact clips D, E, and F
EP
C E
E C
A
+
These are large-capacity Galvanometer terminal capacitors wires . The unit here – is the microfarad BB
Variable capacitor (µF) . The terminal 10 wires µF capacitor, for
PHT
B C
connected to contact clips K and L
B
C n example, has a 1,470-times higher capacity than the NTC 6 .8 nF connected C capacitor to contact . Due clips to A, its B, special and C construc-
p
EE
10 mF
p n
n tion with a so-called electrolyte, the electrolytic capacitor has two poles, indicated with a plus
100 nF
p E
B
M N
V
E and a minus . So when you insert them, you always have to pay attention D Ge to their polarity .
DGe
Careful! Incorrect polarity NTC can destroy Athem! K
HS E
100 nF
A K
Speaker terminal wires
E
C
SP + –
connected to contact clips M and N
S220 kΩ
T
LED 3
A
D E F
B
K L
C
A B C
A C
Germanium Cdiode
A K
n
NTC
p
+
TF E
n
M N
M N
DGe
LED
DGe
E
D Ge
D 220 Ge kΩ
100 nF TF
A K
A KA
K
E C
Potentiometer terminal wires
–
K
EP
nometer terminal wires
IR-LED Variable capacitor terminal wires
connected to Econtact
clips D, E, and F
B A K
EP
ed to contact clips K and L
A K
connected to contact clips A, B, and C
Speaker terminal Speaker wires terminal wires SP
SP
connected to contact connected clips M to and contact N clips M and N
V
K L
K L
Diodes only allow electrical current to pass in one A B Cdirection,
A while B C Ain the C
HS
other Adirection C they
+
+
TF
block it . Wherever this valve effect is needed, diodes are used . Their polarity is indicated by the
so-called cathode ring . In the direction in which the current is to flow, there must be greater E C
+
220 kΩ
AMP TF –
E
E C
A C
TF
C
T
Galvanometer negative terminal Galvanometer wires potential terminal at wires the cathode, –
– the Variable end capacitor with the Variable terminal ring, capacitor wires than terminal at the wires anode . Germanium is this
E
E
nnected LED to contact 3 clips K and L A
D E F
connected to contact clips K and L
B
B
diode’s semiconductor material, hence connected its name to contact connected . A clips germanium A, to B, contact and Cclips
diode A, B, has and the C advantage that it
P
A Kitself
uses very little voltage . This means that you can use it to construct a simple but efficient
V
V
radio .
LED
+
+
A K
Potentiometer terminal wires
Careful! Never connect K the diode A
HS directly EP to a battery . It could burn out!
A
AMP
A
IR-LED
HS
connected to contact clips D, E, and F
AMP
EP
–
–
M N
DGe
D Ge
E
E
A K
Instruction manual
LED 3
A K
A K
IR-LED
LED 3
A K
A K
IR-LED
A
LED
K L
K
A
A
LED
K
DGe
K
EP
+
EP
D Ge
A K
EP
A B C
A D EKF D E F
M N
Speaker terminal wires
P
P
connected to contact clips M and N
704 923
Potentiometer terminal Potentiometer wires terminal wires
SP
connected
Speaker terminal A
to contact
wires C
connected clips D, to E, contact and Fclips
D, E, and TF
F
connected EP to contact clips M and N
PWM Uin
D0 Din
D1 Beep
D2 Start
D3 Reset
K L
anometer terminal wires
ted to contact clips K and L
C
K A
A K
CDS
CDS
B
Photo NTC
Assembly E Circuit diagram symbol
100 nF
100 nF
10 µF
220 kΩ
–
K
6
1
6
1
100 nF
10 µF
220 kΩ
A
2
2
A B C
A
100 nF
10 µF
4 3
220 kΩ
4 3
–
K
1
1
6
6
2
2
6
4 3
4
4
3
3
1
2
4
K
AMP
AMP
A
E
–
E
–
4
6
3
A
A
V
+
V
+
A
4
AMP
K
E
V
–
+
A
Multipack 1
+ –
000 845
AMP
E
–
A
EM N C
C
V
+
TF 9
Speaker terminal wires
connected to Econtact
clips M and N
AM
V
+
E
V
+ –
+ –
M