M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers

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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Table of Contents Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Half-Carry Bit (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101 Interrupt Mask Bit (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101 Negative Bit (N). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101 Zero Bit (Z) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102 Carry/Borrow Bit (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102 Program Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103 Stack Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103 Addressing Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104 Inherent Addressing Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105 Immediate Addressing Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107 Extended Addressing Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108 Direct Addressing Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110 Indexed Addressing Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112 Indexed, No Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112 Indexed, 8-Bit Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114 Indexed, 16-Bit Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116 Relative Addressing Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118 Bit Test and Branch Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120 Instructions Organized by Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120 Instruction Set Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125 Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133 CPU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133 Instruction Execution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134 Programming Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136 Writing a Simple Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136 Flowchart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137 Mnemonic Source Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139 Software Delay Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141 Assembler Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143 Object Code File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147 M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers — Rev. 2.0 10 Table of Contents For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table of Contents Assembler Directives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149 Originate (ORG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149 Equate (EQU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149 Form Constant Byte (FCB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150 Form Double Byte (FDB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150 Reserve Memory Byte (RMB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151 Set Default Number Base to Decimal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152 Instruction Set Dexterity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153 Application Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154 Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156 The Paced Loop Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159 System Equates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160 Register Equates for MC68HC705J1A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160 Application System Equates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161 Vector Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162 Reset Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162 Unused Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163 RAM Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165 Paced Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165 Loop Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167 Loop System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168 Your Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168 Timing Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169 Stack Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170 An Application-Ready Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171 Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178 On-Chip Peripheral Systems Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180 Types of Peripherals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181 Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181 Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182 M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers — Rev. 2.0 MOTOROLA Table of Contents For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 11
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M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers

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