M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers

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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Table of Contents Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Analog-to-Digital Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183 Digital-to-Analog Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183 EEPROM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183 Controlling Peripherals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183 The MC68HC705J1A Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184 A Timer Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187 Using the PWM Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .195 A Practical Motor Control Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .198 Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .198 Motor Control Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .201 Motor Control Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204 Listing 6 — Speed Control Program Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210 Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .215 Other Kinds of Peripherals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .215 Instruction Set Details Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219 M68HC05 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221 Reference Tables Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287 ASCII to Hexadecimal Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288 Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290 Decimal to Hexadecimal Conversion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292 Hexadecimal Values vs. M68HC05 Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .293 Glossary Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .299 Index Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .317 M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers — Rev. 2.0 12 Table of Contents For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. List of Figures Figure Title Page 1 Overall View of a Computer System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 2 Expanded View of a Microcontroller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 3 N-Type and P-Type CMOS Transistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 4 CMOS Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 5 CMOS NAND Gate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 6 CMOS NOR Gate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 7 CMOS Transmission Gate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 8 2:1 Data Multiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 9 Three-State Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 10 Half Flip Flop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 11 Memory and I/O Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 12 I/O Port with Data Direction Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 13 Expanded Detail of One Memory Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 14 Typical Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 15 M68HC05 CPU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 16 Memory Map of Example Program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72 17 Subroutine Call Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77 18 Worksheet for Playing Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81 19 Completed Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82 20 Hardware Interrupt Flowchart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90 21 Interrupt Stacking Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91 22 M68HC05 CPU Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98 23 Programming Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99 24 Accumulator (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100 25 Index Register (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100 26 Condition Code Register (CCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101 27 How Condition Codes are Affected by Arithmetic Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102 28 Program Counter (PC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103 29 Stack Pointer (SP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103 M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers — Rev. 2.0 MOTOROLA List of Figures For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 13
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