M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers

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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... What is a Microcontroller? Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers — Rev. 2.0 26 What is a Microcontroller? For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Contents Introduction Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Computer Numbers and Codes Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Binary and Hexadecimal Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 ASCII Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Computer Operation Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Instruction Mnemonics and Assemblers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Octal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Binary Coded Decimal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 This chapter discusses binary, hexadecimal, octal, and binary coded decimal (BCD) numbers which are commonly used by computers. Computers work best with information in a different form than people use to solve problems. Humans typically work in the base 10 (decimal) numbering system (probably because we have 10 fingers). Digital binary computers work in the base 2 (binary) numbering system because this allows all information to be represented by sets of digits, which can only be 0s or 1s. In turn, a 1 or 0 can be represented by the presence or absence of a logic voltage on a signal line or the on and off states of a simple switch. Computers also use special codes to represent alphabetic information and computer instructions. Understanding these codes will help you understand how computers can do so much with strings of digits that can only be 1s or 0s. M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers — Rev. 2.0 MOTOROLA Computer Numbers and Codes For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 27
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M68HC05 Family — Understanding Small Microcontrollers

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