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41 See Reuters, “MySpace Overtakes Yahoo! Mail,” Reuters Online, July 12, 2006. Validity of the<br />

Hitwise measurement is disputed by Yahoo!.<br />

42 Email exchange with Danah Boyd, August 11, 2005. Also see Frederic Stutzman, “An<br />

Evaluation of Identity-Sharing Behavior in <strong>Social</strong> Network Communities,” Ph.D. Working Paper,<br />

University of North Carolina, July 2005.<br />

43 See Linda Hanson, “Student Networking Is In-Your-Facebook,” Knight-Ridder <strong>New</strong>spapers,<br />

November 16, 2005; Suzannah Gonzales, “Trend-setting <strong>Website</strong> Snags 40,000 at UT,” Austin<br />

American-Statesman, January 2, 2006, p. B1. For more in<strong>for</strong>mation about Facebook, please go to<br />

the following URL: http://www.facebook.com/about.php<br />

44 A brief description of the LinkedIn approach can be found at the following URL:<br />

https://www.linkedin.com/static?key=company_info_more<br />

45 <strong>The</strong> data do not allow a distinction between the online community’s attributes and those<br />

associated with the host organization. In this study the online community of users and<br />

organization are treated together as a single social institution.<br />

46 Tim O’Reilly, of O’Reilly Media, offers a thorough description of Web 2.0 – see the following URL:<br />

http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html . Also see<br />

Scott Kirsner, “Champions of Web 2.0 See a Shift to More Participation by the Public,” <strong>The</strong><br />

Boston Globe, October 10, 2005, p. F1.<br />

47 Thank you to Andrew Lipsman and comScore Media Metrix <strong>for</strong> providing me with this data.<br />

comScore Media Metrix is a leading website tracking organization that is based in Reston, Virginia.<br />

<strong>The</strong> more than 2 million participants in the comScore Global Network drive the company’s<br />

audience measurements and analytical reporting. <strong>The</strong> Advertising Research Foundation recently<br />

issued some very high praise <strong>for</strong> comScore’s methodology. <strong>The</strong> ARF review can be found at the<br />

following URL: http://www.comscore.com/method/arf_cs_review11502.pdf<br />

48 I obtained this in<strong>for</strong>mation from the website’s main webpage, “About Us” webpage, media<br />

reports, and (if applicable) the website’s Wikipedia entry.<br />

49 A preliminary analysis in January 2006 used Alexa website traffic data. Serious concerns of<br />

sampling bias prompted me to switch to comScore Media Metrix, another website tracking<br />

service that is more widely cited in the news media. Alexa has a selection bias toward those<br />

people who use Alexa “outlets” such as Amazon.com and Internet Archive, as well as the Alexa<br />

toolbar. A non-response bias likely exists as well. Alexa toolbar users are likely to be more<br />

willing to download software, trust interaction on the Internet, and be more active online than the<br />

average Internet user. To access this earlier Alexa analysis, see Paul DiPerna, “<strong>The</strong> <strong>Connector</strong><br />

<strong>Website</strong> <strong>Model</strong> (Alexa version),” Brookings Working Paper, March 2006. This paper is available<br />

online at the following URL http://www.blauexchange.org<br />

50 MSN Spaces relaunched as “Windows Live Spaces” on August 1, 2006.<br />

51<br />

Volatility defined here simply as the variance of a website’s “monthly percentage change” over<br />

the fourteen month time period.<br />

38

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