Appendix D: Human Health Risk Assessment - Garfield County ...

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Appendix D Screening Level Human Health Risk Assessment February 2011 Battlement Mesa, Colorado Health Impact Assessment Colorado School of Public Health The community sits on a 500 foot mesa approximately to the south of Colorado River and mesas continue to rise above the community for another 500-1000 feet. 1.1.1 Geology Appendix B of the HIA provides a description of the sites geology. 1.1.2 Population The most reliable estimates of Battlement Mesa PUD residents’ demographic characteristics come from the 2000 US Census. It is important to keep in mind that the demographics of the PUD have likely changed since 2000, though without the mostrecent census data it is difficult to tell how or by how much the community makeup has changed. The 2000 United States census was used to obtain the most accurate population counts as well as information on age, gender, and racial composition for the Battlement Mesa/Parachute zip code 81635 (Zip code 81636 is used for post office boxes and there fore is not included in the demographic data). According to the 2000 United States census estimates, the total population of the Battlement Mesa/Parachute zip code was 5,041; 49.3 percent of the Battlement Mesa/Parachute population was female and 50.7 percent male. The median age was 37.5 years. 26.0 percent of the population were under 18 years of age, 7.2 percent under 5 years, and 19.8 percent were 65 years and older. For people reporting race in Battlement Mesa/Parachute, 93.4 percent identified as White, 0.5 percent as Black or African American; 9.7 percent of the population identified as Hispanic or Latino (of any race). The Battlement Mesa PUD is often described as a “retirement community” (Miller et al. 2005). While it is difficult to precisely define what is and what is not a “retirement community,” several objective measures reflect characteristics of Battlement Mesa’s population. In Colorado in 2000, 9.7 percent of the population was 65 years and over compared to 19.8 percent of the population in the Battlement Mesa/Parachute zip code. Furthermore, whereas 63.9% of the United States population (16 and over) was participating in the labor force, only 48.9% of Battlement Mesa residents were either working or looking for work in 2000. There is a 40-unit nursing home in the Battlement Mesa PUD serving seniors of low to moderate income (Miller et al. 2005). While the lower labor force participation rate of Battlement Mesa residents and the higher proportion of people 65 and over are likely indicators of a high retiree population in the PUD, almost half of the PUD residents 16 and over were either working or looking for work. More than a quarter of the family households in Battlement Mesa had children under the age of 18 (27.2%). While the Battlement Mesa PUD is home to higher proportions of people 65 and over than the US as a whole, the community is not homogeneously “retired.” Appendix D page 3
Appendix D Screening Level Human Health Risk Assessment February 2011 Battlement Mesa, Colorado Health Impact Assessment Colorado School of Public Health 1.1.3 Economy Currently, the Battlement Mesa community is entirely residential. The only businesses in the PUD support the local residents. While there has been extensive natural gas drilling in the area surrounding the PUD, there is currently no industrial activity within the PUD itself. Several natural gas operators operate wells in the area surrounding Battlement Mesa. The businesses with in the PUD include: • A grocery store • Gas stations • Several medical facilities • A public golf course • Banks • A café • A recreation center (paid for by homeowner association dues) • A local newspaper In addition to the local businesses, the PUD is home to two churches and two schools – Underwood Elementary (grades K-5) and St. John Middle School (grades 6-8). Battlement Mesa students attend Grand Valley High School in Parachute for grades 9-12. 1.1.4 Antero’s Proposed Plan In the Fall of 2009, Antero announced plans to purchase surface rights and mineral rights from the BMC. Along with this, Antero indicated their intent to drill for natural gas within the Battlement Mesa PUD. Antero plans to drill approximately 200 natural gas wells on nine well pads (approximately 20 wells per pad) in three phases spanning up to 5 years. Each well is currently estimated to produce natural gas for 20 to 30 years, after which the well would be abandoned. The possibility exists for some wells to be redeveloped. 1.2 Previous Risk Assessments Four risk assessments have been conducted in Garfield County over the past 8 years to determine if air borne emissions from natural gas production operations have an impact on public health. As described in the following sections, each of these risk assessments evaluated one specific set of data. As in all risk assessments, there were uncertainties that may lead to both over and underestimation of the risk estimates. This HHRA incorporated several of the data sets used in previous risk assessments to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of the potential risks to human health from natural gas production operations. Appendix D page 4
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1 of 2 Table 2-1 Comparison of MRLs
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Table 2-2 Comparison of MRLs from 2
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Table 2-3 Comparison of MRLs for 20
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Chemical Number of samples Table 2-
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Table 2-4 Summary Statistics and Se
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Number of Samples Table 2-7 Summary
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Table 2-8 Ambient Air Summary Stati
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Table 2-8 Ambient Air Summary Stati
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Chemical Table 2-9 95% UCLs and Sel
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2010) 4 of 4 Table 2-9 95% UCLs and
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Chemical Table 2-10 95% UCLs and Se
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Chemical Table 2-11 95% UCLs and Se
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Statistic Table 2-12 Comparison of
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Table 3-1 Cancer and Non-Cancer Air
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Table 3-2 Cancer and Non-Cancer Air
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Table 3-3 EPCs and Surface Water In
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Table 4-1 Cancer and Non-Cancer Inh
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4 of 4 Table 4-1 Cancer and Non-Can
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Chemical Available Toxicity Values
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Table 5-1 Baseline Risk Characteriz
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Table 5-2 Comparison of EPCs to BTV
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1 of 2 Table 5-4 Chronic Risk Chara
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1 of 1 Table 5-5 Subchronic Risk Ch
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Table 5-7 Acute Risk Characterizati
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Table 6-1 Chemicals Identified from
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Benzene, Ethylbenzene, and d m&p-Xy
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Sources Potential Releases Exposure
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Excess Canc cer Risk per one Millio
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