Appendix D: Human Health Risk Assessment - Garfield County ...

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Appendix D Screening Level Human Health Risk Assessment February 2011 Battlement Mesa, Colorado Health Impact Assessment Colorado School of Public Health 3.2 Conceptual Site Model ...................................................................................... 20 3.3 Sources of potential contamination ................................................................... 21 3.4 Exposure Pathways ........................................................................................... 21 3.4.1. Complete Pathways ......................................................................................... 22 3.4.2 Potentially Complete Pathways ....................................................................... 22 3.5 Exposure Assumptions and Intake Equations ................................................... 23 3.5.1 All Resident Chronic Exposure Assumptions and Intake Equations .............. 23 3.5.2 All Residents Living Near Well Pads Chronic Exposure Assumptions and Intake Equations ........................................................................................................ 25 3.5.3 All Residents Living Near Well Pads Subchronic Exposure Assumptions and Intake Equations ........................................................................................................ 26 3.5.4 Child Resident Living Near Well Pad Acute Exposure Assumptions and Intake Equations ........................................................................................................ 27 3.5.5 Adult Residents Living Near Well Pad Acute Exposure Assumptions and Intake Equations ........................................................................................................ 28 4 Toxicity Assessment ................................................................................................. 30 4.1 Selection of Toxicity Values ............................................................................. 30 4.1.1 Cancer Toxicity Values................................................................................... 30 4.1.2 Non-Cancer Toxicity Values .......................................................................... 31 4.2 Summary of Health Effects of COPCs ............................................................. 32 4.2.1 Acetaldehyde.................................................................................................... 32 4.2.2 Benzene ........................................................................................................... 32 4.2.3 1,3-Butadiene .................................................................................................. 33 4.2.4 Chloroform ...................................................................................................... 33 4.2.5 Crotonaldehyde ................................................................................................ 34 4.2.6 1,4-Dichlorobenzene ....................................................................................... 34 4.2.7 Ethylbenzene ................................................................................................... 35 4.2.8 Formaldehyde ................................................................................................. 35 4.2.9 n-Hexane .......................................................................................................... 36 4.2.10 2-Hexanone .................................................................................................... 36 4.2.11 Methylcyclohexane ........................................................................................ 36 4.2.12 Methylene Chloride ...................................................................................... 37 4.2.13 n-Nonane ........................................................................................................ 37 4.2.14 n-Pentane........................................................................................................ 37 4.2.15 Toluene ......................................................................................................... 38 4.2.16 Trimethylbenzenes ......................................................................................... 38 4.2.17 Xylenes ......................................................................................................... 39 5 Risk Characterization ................................................................................................ 40 5.1 Risk Estimations ............................................................................................... 40 5.1.1 Cancer Risk Estimation................................................................................... 40 5.1.2 Non-Cancer Hazard Estimation ...................................................................... 41 5.1.3 Cumulative Risks for Multiple Chemicals ....................................................... 41 5.2 Baseline Risk in Battlement Mesa Before Implementation of Antero’s Project 42 5.2.1 Ambient Air Baseline Risk ............................................................................. 42 Appendix D page 5
Appendix D Screening Level Human Health Risk Assessment February 2011 Battlement Mesa, Colorado Health Impact Assessment Colorado School of Public Health 5.3 Risk After Implementation of Antero’s Natural Gas Production Operations in Battlement Mesa ........................................................................................................... 43 5.3.1 All Battlement Mesa Residents Chronic Risk ................................................ 43 5.3.2 Residents Living Near a Well Pad .................................................................. 45 5.3.3 Subchronic Hazard - Resident Living Near Well Pad .................................... 46 5.3.4 Acute Hazard - Child Living Near Well Pad .................................................. 47 5.3.5 Acute Risk – Adults and Elderly Adults Living Near Well Pad..................... 48 6 Uncertainty in Risk Assessment ............................................................................... 49 6.1 Uncertainties in Chemical Data ........................................................................ 49 6.1.1 Battlement Mesa Monitoring Station Data ..................................................... 49 6.1.2 Bell-Melton Ranch Monitoring Station Data .................................................. 50 6.1.3 Well Completion Data .................................................................................... 50 6.1.4 Data Collected with Noticed Odors at Residences .......................................... 51 6.1.5 Antero Sampling .............................................................................................. 52 6.1.6 Surface Water Run-off Data ............................................................................ 53 6.1.7 Background Data for Ambient Air ................................................................. 53 6.1.8 Groundwater Data ........................................................................................... 53 6.2 Uncertainty in Exposure Assessment ................................................................ 53 6.2.1 Potentially Complete Exposure Pathways Not Evaluated ............................... 53 6.2.2 Use of Bell-Melton Ranch Monitoring Station ............................................... 54 6.2.3 Use of Well Completion Samples ................................................................... 55 6.2.4 Use of EPA Default Exposure Factor Values ................................................ 55 6.2.5 Exposure Point Concentrations ....................................................................... 56 6.2.6 Exposures for Children .................................................................................... 56 6.2.7 Exposures for Elderly Adults .......................................................................... 57 6.3 Uncertainty in the Toxicity Assessment ........................................................... 57 6.3.1 Toxicity Values ............................................................................................... 57 6.3.2 COPCs without toxicity values ........................................................................ 59 6.3.3 Potential COPCs Not Measured...................................................................... 59 6.4 Uncertainty in Risk Estimation Due to Ozone and Particulate Matter ............. 60 6.5 Uncertainty in Risk Estimation Due to Chemical Mixtures .................................. 61 7 Summary and Conclusions ....................................................................................... 63 7.1 Summary ........................................................................................................... 63 7.2 Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 64 8 Key Data Gaps .......................................................................................................... 67 9 References ................................................................................................................. 69 Appendix D page 6
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Appendix D Screening Level Human He
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1 of 2 Table 2-1 Comparison of MRLs
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Table 2-2 Comparison of MRLs from 2
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Table 2-3 Comparison of MRLs for 20
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Chemical Number of samples Table 2-
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Table 2-4 Summary Statistics and Se
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Number of Samples Table 2-7 Summary
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Table 2-8 Ambient Air Summary Stati
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Table 2-8 Ambient Air Summary Stati
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Chemical Table 2-9 95% UCLs and Sel
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2010) 4 of 4 Table 2-9 95% UCLs and
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Chemical Table 2-10 95% UCLs and Se
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Chemical Table 2-11 95% UCLs and Se
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Statistic Table 2-12 Comparison of
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Table 3-1 Cancer and Non-Cancer Air
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Table 3-2 Cancer and Non-Cancer Air
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Table 3-3 EPCs and Surface Water In
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Table 4-1 Cancer and Non-Cancer Inh
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4 of 4 Table 4-1 Cancer and Non-Can
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Chemical Available Toxicity Values
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Table 5-1 Baseline Risk Characteriz
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Table 5-2 Comparison of EPCs to BTV
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1 of 2 Table 5-4 Chronic Risk Chara
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1 of 1 Table 5-5 Subchronic Risk Ch
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Table 5-7 Acute Risk Characterizati
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Table 6-1 Chemicals Identified from
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Benzene, Ethylbenzene, and d m&p-Xy
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Sources Potential Releases Exposure
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Excess Canc cer Risk per one Millio
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Appendix D: Human Health Risk Assessment - Garfield County ...

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