Aethelwulf Of England.pdf - GBLCreations

The English did not accept foreign rule without a struggle. William met the opposition, which was particularly
violent in the north and west, with strong measures; he was responsible for the devastation of great areas of the
country, particularly in Yorkshire, where Danish forces had arrived to aid the Saxon rebels. By 1070 the Norman
conquest of England was complete.
William invaded Scotland in 1072 and forced the Scottish king Malcolm III MacDuncan (died 1093 ) to pay him
homage. During the succeeding years the Conqueror crushed insurrections among his Norman followers,
including that incited in 1075 by Ralph de Guader, 1st earl of Norfolk, and Roger Fitzwilliam, Earl of Hereford,
and a series of uprisings in Normandy led by his eldest son Robert (1054?-1134), who later became Robert II,
Duke of Normandy.
His Achievements
One feature of William's reign as king was his reorganization of the English feudal and administrative systems.
He dissolved the great earldoms, which had enjoyed virtual independence under his Anglo-Saxon predecessors,
and distributed the lands confiscated from the English to his trusted Norman followers. He introduced the
Continental system of feudalism; by the Oath of Salisbury of 1086 all landlords swore allegiance to William, thus
establishing the precedent that a vassal's loyalty to the king overrode his fealty to his immediate lord. The feudal
lords were compelled to acknowledge the jurisdiction of the local courts, which William retained along with many
other Anglo-Saxon institutions. The ecclesiastical and secular courts were separated, and the power of the papacy
in English affairs was greatly curtailed. Another outstanding accomplishment was the economic survey
undertaken and incorporated in the Domesday Book in 1086 .
In 1087, during a campaign against King Philip I of France, William burned the town of Mantes (now Mantes-la-
Jolie). William's horse fell in the vicinity of Mantes, fatally injuring him. He died in Rouen on September 7 and
was buried at Caen in Saint Stephen's, one of the abbeys he and Matilda had founded at the time of their marriage
as penance for their defiance of the pope. William was succeeded by his third-born son, William II.
Biographic entry: B1581
"William I (of England)," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993
Funk & Wagnall's Corporation
More About WILLIAM I 'THE CONQUERER' OF NORMANDY:
Burial: Abbaye De St. Etienne, Caen, Normandie 860
Christening: 1066, Norman Conquest, As An Adult 860
More About MATILDA (MAUD) OF FLANDERS:
Burial: Church Of The, Holy Trinity, Caen, Calvados 861,862
Child of WILLIAM NORMANDY and MAUD PEVERAL is:
i. WILLIAM 'THE ELDER' OF NOTTINGHAM 10 PEVEREL 863,864 , b. Bet. 1040 - 1053, Normandy, France 865 ; d.
Bet. February 05, 1112/13 - April 17, 1113, England 865 .
Children of WILLIAM NORMANDY and MATILDA FLANDERS are:
ii. DUKE OF NORMANDY ROBERT II 10 CURTHOSE 866 , b. 1054, Normandy, France 867 ; d. February 10, 1133/34,
Cardiff Castle, Glamorganshire, Wales 867 .
Notes for DUKE OF NORMANDY ROBERT II CURTHOSE:
[gnl1.FTW]
In 1096 he pawned Normandy to William so he could join the crusades of Pope Urban II. He was captured by
his younger brother Henry in 1106 and held until he died. Defeated at the battle of Tenchebrai. Married on
his way to Palestine.
More About DUKE OF NORMANDY ROBERT II CURTHOSE:
Burial: St. Peters Church, Gloucester, England 867
iii. DUKE OF BERNAY RICHARD 868 , b. Bet. 1054 - 1057, Normandy, France 869 ; d. Abt. 1081, New Forest,
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