Amino acid transmitters in the mammalian central nervous system

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176 D.R. CURTIS and G. A. R. JOHNSTON : HIRSCH, H. E., ROSINS, E. : Distribution of 7-aminobutyric acid in the layers of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Implications for its physiological role. J. Neurochem. 9, 63 70 (1962). HOCKMAN, C. H., LLOYD, K. G., FARLEY, I. J., HORNYK1EWICZ, O. : Experimental midbrain lesions : neurochemical comparison between the animal model and Parkinson's disease. Brain Res. 35, 613-618 (1971). HOFFMANN, K.-P., STONE, J., SHERMAN, S. M. : Relay of receptive field properties in dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat. J. Neurophysiol. 35, 518-531 (1972). HOKFELT, T., JONSSON, G., LJUNGDAHL, A.: Regional uptake and subcellular localization of (3H)- gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in rat brain slices. Life Sci. 9, Part 1,203-212 (1970). H~KFELT, T., LJUNGDAHL, A. : Light and electron microscopic autoradiography on spinal cord slices after incubation with labeled glycine. Brain Res. 32, 189 194 (1971 a). H6KFELT, T., LJUNGDAHL, A. : Uptake of [3H]noradrenaline and 7-[3H]aminobutyric acid in isolated tissues of rat: an autoradiographic and fluorescence microscopic study. Progr. Brain Res. 34, 87 102 (1971b). HOKFELT, T., LJUNGDAHL, A.: Autoradiographic identification of cerebral and cerebellar cortical neurons accumulating labeled gamma-aminobutyric acid (3H-GABA). Exp. Brain Res. 14, 354-362 (1972a). Hf)KFELT, T., LJUNGDAHL, A.: Histochemical determination of neurotransmitter distribution. Res. Publ. Ass. nerv. Ment. Dis. 50, 1-24 (1972b). HOKFELT, T., LJUNGDAHL, A.: Application of cytochemical techniques to the study of suspected transmitter substances in the nervous system. Advanc. Biochem. Psychopharmac~ 6, 1-36 (1972c). HONGO, T., RYALL, R. W.: Electrophysiological and micro-electophoretic studies on sympathetic preganglionic neurones in the spinal cord. Acta physiol, scand. 68, 96 104 (1966). HOPKIN, J., NEAL, M.J.: Effect of electrical stimulation and high potassium concentrations on the efflux of 1'C glycine from slices of spinal cord. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 42, 215-223 (1971). HOSL1, E., LJUNGDAHL, A., HOKFELT, T., H6SLI, L. : Spinal cord tissue culture~a model for autoradiographic studies on uptake of putative neurotransmitters like glycine and GABA, Experientia (Basel) 28, 1342-1344 (1972). HOSLk L., HAAS, H. L.: The hyperpolarization of neurones of the medulla oblongata by glycine. Experientia (Basel) 28, 1057-1058 (1972). H6SLI, L., TEBECIS, A. K.: Actions of amino acids and convulsants on bulbar reticular neurones. Exp. Brain Res. 11, 111 127 (1970). H6SLI, L., TEBgClS, A. K., HAAS, H. L. : Depressant amino acids and possible antagonists on medullary reticular neurones. Experientia (Basel) 27, 732-733 (1971). HUEEMAN, R. D., MCFADIN, L. S. : Effects of bicuculline on central inhibition. Neuropharmacology 11, 789 799 (1972). HUFFMAN, R. D., YIM, G. K. W. : Effects of diphenylaminoethanol and lidocaine on central inhibition. Int. J. Neuropharmacol. 8, 217-225 (1969). HULTBORN, H., JANKOWSKA, E., LINDSTROM, S. : Recurrent inhibition of interneurones monosynaptically activated from Group Ia afferents. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 215, 613-656 (1971). ITO, M., UDo, M., MANO, N.: Long inhibitory and excitatory pathways converging onto cat reticular and Deiters' neurons and their relevance to reticulofugal axons. J. Neurophysiol. 32, 210-226 (1970). ITO, M., YOSmDA, M. : The origin of cerebellar-induced inhibition of Deiters neurones. I. Monosynaptic initation of the inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. Exp. Brain Res. 2, 330-349 (1966). ITO, M., YOSHIDA, M., OBATA, K., KAWAI, N., UDO, M. : Inhibitory control of intracerebellar nuclei by the Purkinje cell axons. Exp. Brain Res. 10, 64-80 (1970). ITO, S., TANI, M., SATO, S., ODA, M. : Chemical stimulation due to sodium glutamate and aspartate on the motor cortex and subcortical nuclei. J. Physiol. Soc. Japan, 14, 392 394 (1952). IVERSEN, L. L.: The uptake, storage, release and metabolism of GABA in inhibitory nerves. In: Perspectives in nenropharmacology, a tribute to Julius Axelrod, ed. S. H. Snyder, p. 75-111~ Oxford: Univ. Press 1972. IVERSEN, L. L., BLOOM, F. E.: Studies of the uptake of [3H]GABA and [3H]glycine in slices and homogenates of rat brain and spinal cord by electron microscopic autoradiography. Brain Res. 41, 131-143 (1972). IVERSEN, L. t., JOHNSTON, G. A. R.: GABA uptake in rat central nervous system: comparison of uptake in slices and homogenates and the effects of some inhibitors. J. Neurochem. 18, 1939-1950 (1971).
Amino Acid Transmitters in the Mammalian Central Nervous System 177 IVERSEN, L. L., MITCHELL, J. F., NEAL, M. J., SRINIVASAN, V. : The effect of stimulation of inhibitory pathways on the release of endogenous 7-arninobutyric acid from the cat cerebral cortex. Brit. J. Pharrnacol. 38, 452P (1970). IVERSEN, L. L., MITCHELL, J. F., SR1NIVASAN, V. : The release of 7-aminobutyric acid during inhibition in the cat visual cortex. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 212, 519-534 (1971). IVERSEN, L. L., NEAL, M. J. : The uptake of [3H]GABA by slices of rat cerebral cortex. J. Neurochern. 15, 1141-1149 (1968). JANKOWSKA, E., LINDSTRt3M, S, : Morphological identification of Renshaw cells. Acta physiol, scand. 81,428-430 0971). JANKOWSKA, E., LINDSTR6M, S. : Morphology of interneurones mediating Ia reciprocal inhibition of motoneurones in the spinal cord of the cat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 226, 805-823 (1972). JANKOWSKA, E., ROBERTS, W. J.: Synaptic actions of single interneurones mediating reciprocal Ia inhibition of motoneurones. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 222, 623-642 (1972). JARBOE, C. H., PORTER, L. A., BUCKLER, R. T. : Structural aspects of picrotoxinin action. J. Med. Chem. 11,729-731 (1968). JASPER, H. H., KHAN, R.T., ELLIOTT, K. A. C.: Amino acids released from the cerebral cortex in relation to its state of activation. Science 147, 1448-1449 (1965). JASPER, H. H., KOYAMA, I.: Rate of release of amino acids from the cerebral cortex in the cat as affected by brainstem and thalamic stimulation. Canad. J. Physiol. Pharmac. 47, 889-905 (1969). JOHNSON, E. S., ROBERTS, M. H. T., STRAU~HAN, D. W. : Amino-acid induced depression of cortical neurones. Brit. J. Pharrnacol. 38, 659-666 (1970). JOHNSON, J. L.: Glutarnic acid as a synaptic transmitter in the nervous system. A review. Brain Res. 37, 1-19 (1972a). JOHNSON, J. L.: An analysis of the activities of 3 key enzymes concerned with the interconversion of ~-ketoglutarate and glutamate: correlations with free glutamate levels in 20 specific regions of the nervous system. Brain Res. 45, 205 215 (1972b). JOHNSON, J. L., APRISON, M. H. : The distribution of glutamic acid, a transmitter candidate, and other amino acids in the dorsal sensory neuron of the cat. Brain Res. 24, 285-292 (1970). JOHNSON, J. L., APRISON, M. H. : The distribution of glutamate and total free amino acids in thirteen specific regions of the cat central nervous system. Brain Res. 26, 141-148 (1971). JOHNSTON, G.A.R. : The intraspinal distribution of some depressant amino acids. J. Neurochem. 15, 1013 1017(1968). JOHNSTON, G. A. R. : Convulsions induced in 10-day old rats by intraperitoneal injection of monosodium glutamate and related excitant amino acids. Biochem. Pharmacol. 22, 137-140 (1973). JOHNSTON, G. A. R., BEART, P. M., CURTIS, D.R., GAME, C. J.A., McCuLLOCH, R. M., MACLACHLAN, R. M. : Bicuculline methochloride as a GABA antagonist. Nature (Lond.) New Biol. 240, 219-220 (1972). JOHNSTON, G. A. R., CURTIS, D. R. : 7-Aminobutyrylcholine and central inhibition. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 24, 251 (1972). JOHNSTON, G.A.R., DEGROAT, W.C., CURTIS, D.R.: Tetanus toxin and amino acid levels in cat spinal cord. J. Neurochern. 16, 797-800 (1969). JOHNSTON, G. A. R., IVERSEN, L. L. : Glycine uptake in rat central nervous system slices and homogenates: evidence for different uptake systems in spinal cord and cerebral cortex. J. Neurochern. lg, 1951-1961 (1971). JOHNSTON, G. A. R., VITALI, M. V. " Glycine-producing transrninase activity in extracts of spinal cord. Brain Res. 12, 471-472 (1969a). JOHNSTON, G. A. R., VITALI, M.V. ; Glycine : 2-oxoglutarate transarninase in rat cerebral cortex. Brain Res. 15, 201-208 (1969b), JOHNSTON, G. A. R., VITALI, M.V., ALEXA~qD'~, H. M. : Regional and subcellular distribution studies on glycine: 2-oxoglutarate transaminase activity in cat spinal cord. Brain Res. 20, 361-367 (1970). JORDAN, C.C., WEBSTER, R.A. : Release of acetylcholine and 14C-glycine from the cat spinal cord in vivo. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 43, 441P (1971). KACZMAREK, L. K., AGRAWAL~ H. C., DAV1SON, A. N. : Biochemical studies of taurine in the developing rat brain. Biochern. J. 119, 45~6P (1970). KACZMAREK, L.K., AGRAWAL, H.C., DAVISON, A.N. : The biochemistry of taurine in developing rat brain. In: Inherited disorders of sulphur metabolism, eds. N.A.J. Carson and D.N. Raine, p. 63-68. London: Churchill-Livingston 1971.
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