THE SINGAPORE ENGINEER - Institution of Engineers Singapore

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CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION OF FOOTBRIDGES To allow seamless pedestrian connectivity between the two 10 m wide promenades on each bank of the waterway, five footbridges were built to span over the waterway at strategic locations. The emphasis in the design of the bridges was on both aesthetics and barrier-free functionality. The ramps for the footbridges were constructed with a gentle slope of 1 in 20, and grab bars have been provided for ease of mobility for the elderly and physically challenged. Two of the footbridges, located at the western and eastern mouths of the waterway, have a ‘horse-shoe’ layout. They are, respectively, the Jewel Bridge and the Sunrise Bridge. The Kelong Bridge has a ‘stilts-like’ theme while the Wave Bridge has a slightly curved bridge layout. The Adventure Bridge is a ‘suspended’ footbridge located in the middle of the Town Park. These footbridges were designed with sufficient height clearance, for passage of maintenance vehicles along the promenade and watercraft along the waterway - which was a challenge for the engineers, given the site constraints. The Jewel Bridge The Jewel Bridge, located at the western mouth of the waterway is a 160 m long and 4.3 m wide horse-shoe shaped footbridge that follows a 22.6 m radius. Intermediate spans, 22 m long, overcross the waterway. Located right on the bridge, at the mid-span, is an enlarged (8.6 m wide) space, with a jewel-shaped dome lined with vertical greenery. The design of the bridge was inspired by the concept of a precious jewel sitting atop a ring. The façade of the dome is made up of circular hollow sections of steel and acts as a focal point that highlights the confluence of My Waterway@Punggol and Punggol Reservoir. The bridge is fitted out with LED lights. Visitors can enjoy interesting views against the evening sky and admire the sunset. At the same time, from afar, against the backdrop of the setting sun, the dome resembles a ‘floating’ platform. The curved bridge has an equally curved concrete beam that produces considerable amounts of ‘twisting’ torsional stresses. Careful and rigorous structural design was required to deal with the ‘twisting’ stresses in the curved bridge beam. The resulting decision was to provide resistance by adding considerable amounts of steel link reinforcements to the bridge structures. This engineering option was adopted over the less aesthetically pleasing solution of increasing the size of bridge beam. These ‘twisting’ stresses experienced by the curved bridge reached their maximum, at the transversely enlarged 8.6 m wide space at the bridge midspan. A few 300 mm thick concrete diaphragms were added transversely at the bridge midspan to brace and control the deflections at this enlarged space. Besides catering for pedestrian park users, the footbridge was designed also to cater for the accidental lateral impact loads caused by maintenance vehicles that utilise the footbridge for crossing the waterway. Footbridges crossing the waterway. 32 THE SINGAPORE ENGINEER April 2012
CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING The Kelong Bridge. The Jewel Bridge. The Kelong Bridge follows the alignment of the old Punggol Road. The Jewel Bridge under construction. The Kelong Bridge Located in the Heritage zone of the Town Park, the Kelong Bridge, being slender in structure (measuring 125 m long and 2.3 m wide, and with a 28 m span), follows the alignment of the old Punggol Road and leads to the heritage trail. The design re-captures the idyllic mood of old Punggol and its fishing villages. The bridge sports a stilts-and-posts design element that props lightly over the waterway giving pedestrians an experiential journey, making them feel as if they are walking on water. It was an engineering challenge to design a structurally safe bridge, given the slender dimensions of the bridge beams and columns. The Kelong Bridge under construction. April 2012 THE SINGAPORE ENGINEER 33
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