Kyanite, Sillimanite, and Andalusite Deposits of the Southeastern ...

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GEOLOGY OF THE DEPOSITS 9 TABLE 3. Chemical and spectrochemical analyses of kyanite quartzite and sillimanite quartzite from Farmville district, Virginia, and Kings Mountain district, North Carolina- South Carolina VB-W Ky anite quartzite SY-87 NG-437 Sillimanite quartzite NG-439 NG-440 Chemical analyses [VB-W: L. D. Trumbull, analyst; SY-87, NG-437, NG-439, NG-440: L. N. Tarrant, analyst] Location of samples: VB-W, Lab. No. 53-835SCD. Composite sample of kyanite quartzite from 6 pieces of diamond-drill core from 5 drill holes, Willis Mountain, Buckingham County, Va. SY-87, Lab. No. 52-1611CDSW. Composite sample of kyanite quartzite taken from 6 places in northern opencut of Commercialores, Inc., Henry Knob, York County, S.C. NG-437, Lab. No. 52-1605CDSW. Composite sample of 6 pieces of kyanite-chloritoid quartzite taken across strike of 10-foot bed, 1.2 miles S. 10° W. of Crowders Mountain Village, Gaston County, N.C. NG-439, Lab. No. 52-1607CDSW. Composite sample of 6 pieces of sillimanite quartzite from crest of Reese Mountain, Lincoln County, N.C. NG-440, Lab. No. 52-1608CDSW. Composite sample of 6 pieces of sillimanite quartzite from Will Knox property, Gaston County, N.C. SiO 2 ............... Fe 2O3.. ............ FeO MgO............... CaO............... Na2O .............. K2O ............... H2O .............. H2O + ............. TiC-2............... CO2 . .............. P 2Os......... F..... ............. S.. ................ MnO. ............. 68.71 27.61 .57 .04 .14 .41 .00 .14 .04 .32 1.02 .02 .32 .00 73.56 17.01 .00 5.25 .01 .00 .00 .00 .01 .12 .48 .01 4.62 .00 63.35 28.97 2.25 2.50 .31 .07 .13 .04 .05 1.30 .86 .01 09 .05 75.33 23.36 .04 .18 .01 .01 .02 .10 .02 .19 .60 .02 .06 .00 (Tr.) 69.59 27.24 .17 .13 .01 .17 .00 .00 .01 .58 1.46 .02 .33 .03 .00 (Tr.) Total... .......... Less O for F. ..... Less O for S ...... 99.55 .09 101.18 1.16 99.74 .01 Total. ........... 99.46 100.02 99.98 99.94 99.73 Spectrochemical analyses [P. R. Barnett, analyst. Zeros in unit column signify that the elements were not detected; sensitivity limits for these elements are: B, 0.003; Be, 0.0001; Co, 0.0005 ; Ga, 0.0005 ; La, 0.005 ; Mo, 0.0001; Ni, 0.0003 ; Pb, 0.0006 ; Sn, 0.001; Sr, 0.0008 ; Y, 0.001 ; Yb, 0.0001; Zn, 0.01. Elements not detected in any of these samples, together with their sensitivity limits, are: Ag, 0.0005; As, 0.05; Au, 0.003; Bi, 0.001 ; Cd, 0.005; Ge, 0.0005; In, 0.001; Nb, 0.001; Pt, 0.003 ; Sb, 0.01 ; Ta, 0.05 ; Th, 0.05 ; Tl, 0.01; U, 0.05 ; W, 0.01] B..... ...... ....... Ba..... ....... Be..... ............ Co..... .... Cr. ................ Cu ................ Ga. . ............ La................. Mo.... ........ Ni... ...... Pb......... So.......... ..... Sn......... Sr ................. V........ .. .. . Y..... Yb. ....... ..... Zn.... ..... Zr......... 0 0 .02 .04 0 0 0 .001 .002 .0004 .001 0 .0005 0 .008 .002 .0007 0 .0003 .001 0 .0001 .0004 .002 0 .4 .09 .1 .009 .002 .002 0 .0003 0 .01 .04 0004 0 0 .006 .002 0 0 .0003 .001 .002 0 .0008 .06 .002 0 .01 .0002 .03 .01 0 .0006 0 0 .003 .08 .0001 0 .01 .0007 .0006 .003 0 .01 0 .0004 0 .0003 0 .0006 .0001 .0009 .003 0 0 .5 .006 .03 0 0 0 .02 .002 .0001 0 .02 FIGURE 1. Photomicrograph of kyanite-quartz rock from Graves Mountain, Lincoln County, Ga. Shows kyanite (k), fine-grained quartz (q), relict phenocryst of blue (bq), a little muscovite( ?) (m), and rutile (r). Rock is highly weathered and contains much limonite (1). Holes in section (h). Crossed nicols. and absent in coarse-grained foliated rock (fig. 3). In some gneissic kyanite-quartz rock the layers of kyanite are less uniform, and the crystals are not so well oriented (fig. 4). In the occurrences just Content of principal minerals, as calculated from chemical analyses * VB-W SY-87 NG-439 NG-440 f/ Sillimanite and andalusite. ...... 52.6 43.7 l -Q2 " 63.3 27.0 " ".48" 8.66 61.9 37.0 ".60" 53.8 1 -^t 43 . 1 1.46 K 8 .......... «C Total. .................. 97.32 99.44 99.5 98.36 V 1 Includes about 4 percent topaz, as determined by point-counter method of analysis of 6 thin sections. Mode NG-437 NG-437 40 3 40 17 and zircon Total. ................... Minor 100 FIGURE 2. Photomicrograph of kyanite quartzite from crest of Crowders Mountain, Gaston County, N.C. Shows typical anhedral habit of much of the kyanite (k) in the district. Opaque mineral is pyrite. Other minerals are quartz (q) and limonite-stained white mica (m). Plane-polarized light.
Type of mica Muscovite . . . Do....... Do....... Do. ...... Chromian muscovite. Do....... Do....... Paragonite. . . Do. ...... Two distinct varieties: Specimen No VB-W19-22 VB-115. . .. NP-15... . . SN-5 ...... VC-27b.... VPE-101 . . . SY-2a...... NP-24. .... SA-2 ...... VB-116.. . . TABLE 4. Micas from Southeastern kyanite-quartz deposits [Analysts : H. S. Yoder, Jr., Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Ins titution of Washington; all others, U.S. Geological Survey] Locality Characteristics Percent K2O Na20 Other constituents determined X-ray determination ' N« Optical properties [By D. H. Richter] N/3 Ny Drill hole 19 at 22 ft, Willis Mountain, Buckingham County, Va. Willis River, Buckingham County, Va., about 1 mile west of U.S. Highway 15 bridge across river. Hagers Mountain, Person County, N.C. Little Mountain, Newberry County, S.C. 3 3 mile west of junction of Highways 47 and 649, Madisonville, Charlotte County, Va. Kyanite Mining Corp. mine, Baker Mountain, Prince Edward County, Va. South end of ridge that lies about half a mile west of Nanny Mountain, York County, S.C. Same locality as NP-15. Coarse white mica in kyanite-quar tz-mi ca schist. Soft dense white mineral replacing kyanite in micaceous kyanite quartz ite. Irregular aggregates of fine-grained tan to flesh-colored poorly micaceous mineral in fine-grained quartz. Coarse white to pale- _ green mica interstitial to light greenish-blue kyanite crystals. Soft dense green mineral replacing bluishgreen kyanite. Mica has fibrous habit under microscope. Coarse bright green mica replacing (?) blue kyanite in kyanitequartz-mica schist. Soft dense bright green mineral. Soft dense light-tan mineral with waxy luster, replacing kyanite. 7.22 8.33 9.87 8.25 7.95 3.05 2.44 1.90 .64 1.35 1.53 5.10 Little chromium. ...do......... . ..do....... .. Principally muscovite, minor kaolinite, possibly some quartz; film No. 9441. By D. H. Richter. Muscovite; film No. 6244. By J. M. Axelrod. Muscovite; film No. 6878. By F. A. Hildebrand. Muscovite; structure identical with VC- 27b; film No. 6879. By F. A. Hildebrand. 9376. By D. H. Richter. Paragonite; film No. 6243. By J. M. Axelrod. 1.570 1.568 to 1.570 1.572 1.587 1 . 593 1.598 t 1.594 3 1.590 1.595 1.595 1.599 o 1.609 1.599 3 1.597 1.602 Road on west side of Parsons Mountain, Abbeville County, S.C. Same locality as VB-115. Soft white fibrous mineral forming felty masses in quartz-mica schist. Soft dense light-gray mineral with waxy luster in granulated vein quartz. Two fairly distinct types of mica were observed and separated under binocular miscroscope by D. H. Richter. Paragonite, quartz; film No. 7038. By F. A. Hildebrand. H2V 45° 36° 40° 40° 38° Remarks ^ Chemical analysis j/j by J. M. Dowd. p r Compare with ^ VB-116, same £ locality. 3 Compare with % NP-24, same O locality. Chem- >. ical analyses by % L. M. Kehl. d Chemical analysis ^ by E. A. g Nygaard. GO hH Chemical analysis H by J. M. Dowd. H O Do. £ to GO O d 1to Compare with ^ NP-15, same fd locality. Chem- ^ ical analysis ,-H by L. M. Kehl. § i i d Compare with 1-3 VB-115, same > locality. !jj M
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