Bibliography - British Geological Survey

Le Gros Clark, W. 1955c. Arthur Keith, 1866–1955. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society,
1, 145–161, plate.
Le Gros Clark, W. E. (see also under Anon. 1954c; Weiner et al. 1953)
Leakey, L. S. B. 1934. Adam’s ancestors: an up to-date outline of what is known about the origin of man.
2nd ed. London: Methuen, 244 pp., 12 plates. (Eoanthropus, pp. 219–221, plates V, VII, XII.)
Leakey, L. S. B. 1953. Adam’s ancestors: an up-to-date outline of the Old Stone Age (Palaeolithic) and
what is known about man’s origin and evolution. 4th ed. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. (Leakey expresses
his personal conviction that the Piltdown jaw cannot belong to the same individual as the skull, for otherwise
Piltdown man would be ‘unique in all humanity’, pp. 188–189, 212, plate XVI. In an addendum, inserted
after Leakey’s book had gone to press, he discusses the exposure of the ‘hoax’ by Oakley and his team in
Nov 1953, noting that the absence of the first premolar from the faked jaw had been necessary if the fraud
were not to be detected at the outset, since both in its crown and root structure it would have differed so
completely from a human first premolar; the articulating condyle had been removed for the same reason.)
Leakey, L. S. B. & Goodall, M. 1969. Unveiling Man’s origins: ten decades of thought about human
evolution. Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Publishing Co, 220 pp. (Leakey sets out his conviction that
Teilhard de Chardin was implicated in the Piltdown ‘hoax’, pp. 90–100, 152–156. A note about Leakey’s
‘forthcoming book’ on this subject was alluded to in the Ariadne column in New Scientist, 10 Dec 1970, 48,
471; Morell 1995 notes the existence of an unfinished book draft.)
Leakey, L. S. B. 1974. By the evidence: memoirs, 1932–1951. New York & London: Harcourt Brace
Jovanovich. (Considers that Dawson had an unnamed accomplice at Piltdown, pp. 22–24, though in Leakey
& Goodall 1969 he had been more specific on this point)
Leakey, L. S. B. (see also: Daniel 1975; Cole 1975)
Lenhossék, M. von 1914. Der Piltdowner Schädelfund. Barlangkutatás, 2, 1–18, 39–42.
Lenhossék, M. von 1920. Das innere Relief des Unterkieferastes. Archiv für Anthropologie, N.F., 18
(whole series 49), 49–59. (Does not accept the hominid character of the Piltdown jaw)
Levin, B. 1990. Was the expert of experts history’s greatest skulduggery? The Times, 21 June, 12.
(Discussion of the case against Sir Arthur Keith put forward by Spencer 1984, 1988. It prompted a response
from Stringer 1990. See Levin 1992 for a reprint of this article.)
Levin, B. 1992. If you want my opinion. London: Jonathan Cape. (Chapter entitled ‘Ah, sweet mystery of
life’, pp. 22-25, reprinted from Levin 1990)
Lewin, R. 1987. Bones of contention: controversies in the search for human origins. New York: Simon &
Schuster, 348 pp. (Reprinted 1997, University of Chicago Press, in which Turritin cites pp. 60–75)
Lewis, J. (John Lewis is one of those tainted by association with Charles Dawson, e.g. Dawson & Lewis
1896, Combridge 1977b. John Combridge 1981 has suggested the possible involvement of Lewis as coconspirator
with Dawson in the Piltdown forgery. Russell 2003, 255–260, discusses their relationship at
some length.)
Lowenstein, J. M. 1985. Molecular approaches to the identification of species. American Scientist, 73,
541–547. (Application to the Piltdown jaw, confirming its orangutan identity, p. 545)
Lowenstein, J. M. 1991. The Piltdown industry. Pacific Discovery, 44 (2), 46–48.
Lowenstein, J. M., Molleson, T. & Washburn, S. L. 1982. Piltdown jaw confirmed as orang. Nature, 299
(23 Sep), 294. (An immunological analytical technique, which permits identification of species-specific
proteins, has been applied to the collagen in the Piltdown jaw and canine, the results of which confirm that
both derive from an orangutan. It would thus seem likely that whoever put the canine tooth into the gravel
pit must have known that the jaw was also that of an orangutan.)
Lubenow, M. L. 1992. Bones of contention: a creationist assessment of human fossils. Grand Rapids,
Michigan: Baker Book House. (Title evidently inspired by Lewin 1987. Piltdown, pp. 39–44)