Bibliography - British Geological Survey

Moir, J. R. 1920. Pre-Palæolithic man. 67 pp, 29 plates.
Moir, J. R. 1938. The Piltdown bone implement. Nature, 141 (supplement, 21 May), 926. (With reference
to the opinion of Breuil 1938 that the Piltdown bone implement is the result of gnawing by carnivores or
rodents, the writer points out that he has successfully cut bone using flint tools, which produces the same
kind of stepped fracture as that shown by the Piltdown implement. See also Woodward 1938)
Molleson, T. (see under Farrar 1981, & Lowenstein et el. 1982)
Montagu, M. F. A. 1951a. The Barcombe Mills cranial remains. American Journal of Physical Anthropology,
new ser, 9, 417–426.
Montagu, M. F. A. 1951b. The Piltdown mandible and cranium. American Journal of Physical Anthropology,
new ser, 9, 464–470, plates 1–2. (Having had the opportunity to examine the original human remains from
Piltdown, the writer has been greatly struck by the marked disparity in massiveness between the Piltdown
mandible and cranium, such as to make it highly improbable that the two belong together. This lack of
morphological congruity had already been noted by Hrdlička in1922.)
Montagu, M. F. A. 1954. The Piltdown nasal turbinate and bone implements: some questions. Science, 119
(18 June), 884–886. (Having examined the Piltdown bones in 1951, Prof. Montagu of the Department of
Anthropology, Rutgers University, questions the presence of portions of a turbinate, which under normal
circumstances is too fragile to survive in the fossil record. He also thinks that the alleged ‘bone implement’
was carved by ‘a sharp metal blade probably of the Sheffield steel variety’.)
Montagu, M. F. A. 1960a. An introduction to physical anthropology. 3rd ed. Springfield: Thomas Books.
(The Piltdown hoax: reprinted in The origin and evolution of man, by the same author, 1971, pp. 211–215.)
Montagu, M. F. A. 1960b. Artificial thickening of bone and the Piltdown skull. Nature, 187 (9 July), 174.
(Given the unusual thickness of the Piltdown skull, the writer suggests that immersion in potassium
hydroxide or some other similar chemical treatment might have been employed by the forger to artificially
thicken the skull. A reply by K. P. Oakley, which follows the correspondence from Montagu, states that
there is no evidence for such treatment, but in the British Museum collections there are examples of other
crania as thick as that from Piltdown, e.g. an Ona Indian from Tierra del Fuego, and a Bronze Age example
from Sutton Courtenay in Berkshire.)
Moore, R. 1955. Man, time and fossils: the story of evolution. London: Readers Union, Jonathan Cape,
382 pp. (Ch. 17: Oakley – fluorine and the age of early man, pp. 304–323, 2 plates. After describing 19thcentury
observations on the absorption of fluorine by fossil bones and teeth, the author goes on to record
how ‘two unrelated events during World War II revived interest in the old fluorine data. The Geological
Survey of Great Britain undertook a survey of the phosphate resources of the country, and also a study of the
effect of fluorinated water in reducing tooth decay in children.’ Kenneth Oakley was assigned to the work on
temporary transfer from the Natural History Museum. As he delved into the history of fluorine in groundwater
[in conjunction with C. E. N. Bromehead] he saw how it might be applied to the relative dating of bones of
different ages that might have become mixed together in the same deposit. See Eastwood & Oakley 1953)
Morell, V. 1995. Ancestral passions: the Leakey family and the quest for humankind’s beginnings. New
York: Simon & Schuster. (Notes that Louis Leakey’s notes and unfinished book draft about Teilhard’s
supposed complicity in the Piltdown affair have been deposited in the archives of the National Museums of
Kenya, pp. 378–379, 394)
Moriarty, J. 1983. Piltdown debate: not so elementary. Science 83, 4 (9), 24. (‘I have just read, with no
light interest, the case made against Sir Arthur C. Doyle in your September issue. Although Winslow and
Meyer did a fine job of research, they are totally incorrect. Once more, I have succeeded!’)
Morris, H. 1929. An exhibit of Sussex flint implements of the Piltdown Man period. South-Eastern
Naturalist and Antiquary, 34th Annual Congress, Brighton, June 1929, lxiii. (Notice only, recording
‘a large collection of flints arranged by Mr. H. Morris, with illustrations and correspondence.’)
Morris, H. (With respect to Harry Morris’s accusation of fraud made against Charles Dawson in connection
with the Piltdown ‘palaeoliths’, see discussion in Weiner 1955b, 154–161)
Morwood, M. & van Oosterzee, P. 2007. A new human: the startling discovery and strange story of the
“Hobbits” of Flores, Indonesia. Washington: Smithsonian Books/HarpurCollins, 256 pp. (‘In October