BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET TEMPORARY Patterns of mortality ...

Chapter XVI. Environmental Conditions
313
tween the two groups were small or disappeared:
Neonatal Postneonatal
period period
Santiago 96.2 92.6
Cali
92.9 93.7
Sherbrooke 94.6 93.2
When water was available for only low
proportions of families, however, the differences
were clear, as in the three following
cities:
Neonatal Postneonatal
period period
Sfio Paulo 57.2 45.9
Recife 22.7 11.2
Resistencia 22.7 10.0
In Resistencia and Recife the percentages
for the second group were only about half
those for the first.
The data for the Latin American areas
have been combined in Table 183 to give
an overall view of the situation. In the
13 cities 69.4 per cent of the homes of infants
dying in the neonatal period had piped
water supplies. In contrast, in the eight
other areas only 28.8 per cent had piped
water. These percentages may be related to
the goals of the Charter of Punta (de Este.
Although in these 13 cities combined the
goal of 70 per cent was practically reached,
for the other areas combined the percentage
was only 28.8, or .57.6 per cent of the goal.
These areas near cities were probably much
better served with water supplies than the
remote rural areas. In the 13 cities combined
only 37.1 per cent of the homes of
these infants (lying in the neonatal period
had water supplies inside the house. Thus,
the new goal of providing water services
with house connections for 80 per cent of
the urban p,,.pulation and water for 50 per
cent of the rural population in the decade
of the 1970's poses a great challenge.
Table 183 shows also the findings for
homes of infants deceased in the postnconatal
period. In the 13 cities combined
only 60.2 per cent had pil)ed water supplies
(in contrast to 69.4 for the neonatal group),
a significantly lower lercentage. In the
eight other areas tile proportion was 28.8
per cent (compared with 21.6). Therefore,
this is clear evidence that families of infants
dying in the postneonatal period had less
favorable conditions in regard to Iliped
water supplies. The differences between
families in the two groups arc apparent for
many of the areas shown in Figure 155 and
for the areas combined in Figure 156.
TABLE 183. Availability of Piped Water in Families of Infants' Dying in Neonatal and Postneonatal
Periods in 21 Areas of 13 Latin American Projects.
Neonatal period
Poatneonatal period
reas
Piped water
Piped water
I!
Total Total Inside Total Total
houses house
Inside
houses house
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Total ............................ 9.299 5,87H 63.1 3.137 33.7 12,336 6,621 53.7 2,796 22.7
13 aitles conblned ................. 7,868 5,.158 69.4 2,922 37.1 10,25) 0,176 00.2 2.035 25.7
8 other areas combined .............. 1,431 412 28.8 215 150 2,077 448 21.6 16i 7.8
a In families in which home interviews were conducted and information was provided.