Complete issue 29:1 as one pdf - TUG
Complete issue 29:1 as one pdf - TUG
Complete issue 29:1 as one pdf - TUG
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Enumerations<strong>as</strong>aninterestingformoftextappearance<br />
(...)youalwayshaveatle<strong>as</strong>tfourchoices...<br />
—thetwooppositesandthen<br />
—themiddlegroundand<br />
—“takenunderfurthercontemplation.” 2<br />
Example4:Single-sentenceenumeration<br />
Itisenoughtoconcentratealittletoseethatthe<br />
seeminglysimplestthingsandeventsfromeveryday<br />
experiencecanawakenafeelingofanimpenetrable<br />
mystery:<br />
1)time,freedom,existence,space;<br />
2)cause,awareness,matter;<br />
3)number,love,“I”,death. 3<br />
Example5:Comm<strong>as</strong>andsingle-sentenceenumerations<br />
Insinglesentenceenumerationstheperiodis<br />
usedonlyonce,attheendofthel<strong>as</strong>titemoftheenumeration.Theprecedingitemsareterminatedwith<br />
comm<strong>as</strong>or—iftheitemscontainmanycomm<strong>as</strong>already—withsemicolons.Thisruleisillustratedby<br />
Example5.<br />
Ifthecontentsofanenumerationcannotbeexpressedintheformof<strong>one</strong>sentence,thenwehaveto<br />
dealwithamulti-sentenceenumeration.Eachitem<br />
takestheformofanarbitrarynumberoffull,individual,sentences.Toannotatetheconsecutiveitems<br />
ofsuchanenumeration,numbersorupperc<strong>as</strong>elettersfollowedbyaperiodshouldbeused.Theperiod<br />
informsthat“whatwillimmediatelyfollowisthe<br />
beginningof<strong>as</strong>entence.”Importanttonoteisthat<br />
forbothsingle-andmulti-sentenceenumerationsthe<br />
sentences(nottheirannotations)beginatthesame<br />
distancefromthepageedge.Amulti-sentenceenumeration,typesetinthecl<strong>as</strong>sicalway,isgivenin<br />
Example6.<br />
Considerthis:<br />
A.RaferJohnson,thedecathlonchampion,w<strong>as</strong><br />
bornwithaclubfoot.<br />
B.WinstonChurchillw<strong>as</strong>unabletogainattendancetotheprestigiousOxfordorCambridgeuniversitiesbecausehe“w<strong>as</strong>weakinthecl<strong>as</strong>sics.”<br />
C.In1905,theUniversityofBernturneddowna<br />
doctoraldissertation<strong>as</strong>beingirrelevantandfanciful.<br />
Theyoungphysicsstudentwhowrotethedissertationw<strong>as</strong>AlbertEinstein,whow<strong>as</strong>disappointedbut<br />
notdefeated. 4<br />
Example6:Multi-sentenceenumeration<br />
3 LeszekKołakowski,Miniwykładyomaxisprawach,seriadruga,Znak,Krakòw1999.<br />
4 JackCanfield,MarkVictorHansen,A3rdServingof<br />
ChickenSoupfortheSoul,HealthCommunications,1996.<br />
Enumerationsmightbenested,whichmeans<br />
thatanenumerationbecomesanitemofadifferent,higherordereditem.Onecanthustalkabout<br />
ahierarchyofenumerationswhichshouldbeclearly<br />
distinguishedinthetypesettextsothatnoambiguityarises<strong>as</strong>towhich“matrioshka”isputintowhich.<br />
Thefollowingruleapplieswhenannotatingitemsof<br />
amultilevelenumeration:Whenmovingfromthe<br />
main(outermost)enumerationtothemostnested<br />
enumeration,i.e.,fromthebiggesttothesmallest<br />
“matrioshka”,theconsecutiveitemsarelabeledwith<br />
—upperc<strong>as</strong>eromannumerals,<br />
—upperc<strong>as</strong>eletters,<br />
—Arabicnumerals,<br />
—lowerc<strong>as</strong>eletters.<br />
Someofthelabelingtypesmightbeomitted<br />
buttheirordershouldbekept.Theperiodorclosing<br />
bracketisuseddependingonwhethertheenumerationissingle-ormulti-sentence.<br />
L A TEXallowsuptofourlevelsofenumerations<br />
ofthetypeitemizeorenumerate.Thetypesetting<br />
rulessaythat—ifpossible—nestedenumerations<br />
shouldbelimitedtotwolevels.Example7illustrates<br />
multilevelenumerations.<br />
A.Outermostenumeration—1 st item:<br />
1)firstitemof<strong>as</strong>ubordinatesingle-sentence<br />
enumeration,<br />
2)seconditem,<br />
3)thirditem,<br />
B.Outermostenumeration—2 nd item:<br />
1.Anitemofanestedenumeration,which<br />
isamulti-sentenceenumerationandmay<br />
consistofanarbitrarynumberofofsentences:<br />
a)firstelement,<br />
b)secondelement,<br />
c)thirdelement.<br />
2.Seconditem.<br />
3.Thirditem.<br />
C.Outermostenumeration—3 rd item.<br />
D.Outermostenumeration—4 th item.<br />
Example7:Multi-levelenumerations<br />
2 TraditionandL A TEX<br />
Intheprevioussectionwesketchedthetraditional<br />
Polishconventionsfortypesettingenumerations.PerhapstheAnglo-Saxontraditioniscompletelydifferent(whataretherules?),hencethedefaultnumberingandbulletingrulesintheL<br />
A TEXenvironments<br />
<strong>TUG</strong>boat,Volume<strong>29</strong>,No.1—XVIIEuropeanTEXConference,2007 21
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