Focus Species Forestry - Maine Audubon

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older forest in islands and peninsulas, using extended rotations, and maintaining the majority of the landscape in intermediate and mature forests. Crop-Tree Management: Crop-tree management focuses on selecting and releasing the crowns of individual trees that are desirable to meeting a landowner’s objectives (Perkey et al. 1993). It is generally used on small ownerships, but is also appropriate to larger ownerships where individual tree marking is applied. When the crop trees are mature the other silvicultural tools described above can be used to regenerate the stand. The choice of regeneration method will vary with landowner objectives, ecological objectives, forest type, and condition. 78 Focus Species Forestry
Appendix 4. Other Special-value Habitats Focus species management is designed as a tool to help guide management of the bulk of the landscape and a vast majority of species commonly encountered by forest managers. However, focus species management may not account for rare species with unique habitat requirements, rare forest types, species that are highly sensitive to timber harvesting, or other specialized habitats. Landowners should also integrate management of these important ecological features into the management plan for their property. Element Description Information Source/Management Rare, threatened, or endangered plants Plants listed under the federal Endangered Species Acts and other species listed S1, S2, or S3 by MNAP 1 Threatened or endangered animals Rare or exemplary natural communities Animals listed under the federal and Maine endangered species acts Natural communities classified as S1, S2, or S3 or “exemplary” communities Maine Natural Areas Program Good: Protect known occurrences. Foresters should be able to identify rare forest communities. Better: Manage appropriately if MNAP data suggests possible occurrences. Best: Conduct on-site surveys Old growth forests Stands over 150-200 years old with light harvest history Protect existing stands and allow some additional old growth to develop. Significant wildlife habitat Threatened or endangered species habitat, high- and moderate-value deer wintering areas and travel corridors; high- and moderate-value waterfowl and wading bird habitat; Atlantic salmon spawning and nursery areas; and other non-forest areas listed by the Natural Resources Protection Act Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife (MDIFW) or Maine Natural Areas Program. Mapped Significant Wildlife Habitats are protected by law. Protection of unmapped habitats is voluntary unless within a wetland or other protected resource. Deer wintering areas Spruce, fir, cedar or hemlock stands with >50% crown closure and >30 ft. tall with historical deer “yarding” Review Beginning with Habitat map. Consult with regional MDIFW biologist. Heron Rookeries Look for concentrations of large stick MDIFW nests, usually in hardwoods (occasionally softwoods), near rivers, wetlands, or on islands. See Biodiversity in the Forests of Maine: Guidelines for Land Management (Elliott 1999) for more information on identifying and managing these special habitats. 1 Maine Natural Areas Program (MNAP) classifies rare plants and natural communities with the following system: S1: Critically imperiled in Maine because or rarity (5 or less occurrences) or because it is especially vulnerable to extirpation S2: Imperiled in Maine because of rarity (6-20 occurrences or few remaining acres) or because other factors make it vulnerable to further decline S3: Rare in Maine (on the order of 20-100 occurrences) S4: Apparently secure in Maine S5: Demonstrably secure in Maine Focus Species Forestry 79
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Focus Species Forestry A Guide to I
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Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
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Acknowledgements The Focus Species
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1. Introduction It’s a crisp wint
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2. Characteristics of Focus Species
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Focus Species and Human Values Whil
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3. Step by Step Guide to Focus Spec
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For riparian and wetland areas and
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Habitat Monitoring Habitat is the m
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Table 1. Forest Ecosystem Types and
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Table 2. Stand Development Stages S
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5. Habitat Management Guides The fo
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Aspen-Birch _______________________
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Northern Hardwoods ________________
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Oak-Pine __________________________
Page 31 and 32:
Eastern Hemlock ___________________
Page 33 and 34: Spruce-Fir ________________________
Page 35 and 36: Northern White Cedar ______________
Page 37 and 38: Riparian and Wetland Forest _______
Page 39 and 40: Vernal Pools ______________________
Page 41 and 42: 6. Focus Species Profiles and Manag
Page 43 and 44: Snowshoe Hare Distribution: Alaska
Page 45 and 46: American Marten Distribution: Alask
Page 47 and 48: White-tailed Deer Distribution: Sou
Page 49 and 50: Ruffed Grouse Distribution: Year-ro
Page 51 and 52: Black-backed Woodpecker Distributio
Page 53 and 54: Wood Thrush Distribution: Breeding-
Page 55 and 56: Magnolia Warbler Distribution: Brit
Page 57 and 58: Pine Warbler Distribution: Southern
Page 59 and 60: Eastern Towhee Distribution: Breedi
Page 61 and 62: Northern Dusky Salamander Distribut
Page 64 and 65: Wood Turtle Distribution: Nova Scot
Page 66 and 67: Late-Successional Forest Species Co
Page 68 and 69: Table 3. Focus Species Summary Tabl
Page 70 and 71: Maine Forest Service Goals for Snag
Page 72 and 73: prefer areas of low habitat intersp
Page 74 and 75: Large Ownerships: On a typical town
Page 76 and 77: 9. Literature Cited Allen, T.G., an
Page 78 and 79: Maine Natural Areas Program (MNAP).
Page 80 and 81: Appendix 1. Recommended Resources .
Page 82 and 83: Appendix 2. List of Focus Species H
Page 86 and 87: Appendix 5. Focus Species Data Form
Page 88 and 89: Focus Species Habitat Worksheet Pro
Page 90 and 91: Appendix 6. Example Stand Maps and
Page 92 and 93: Focus Species Habitat Worksheet Pro
Page 94 and 95: Appendix 7. Focus Species Associate
Page 96 and 97: Appendix 9. Primary Focus Species f
Page 98: Appendix 10. Examples of Stand Clas
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Focus Species Forestry - Maine Audubon

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