The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. LXXX, Part 1-2, 1992 - Khamkoo

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40 ~0 M • kl rex r!l or::g;l3 Oe>l Fig. 2 Plan of Wat Phutthai Sawan, Ayudhya. Fine Arts Department. ::~ : ~ .~---.-:.· ;:;-:.·.--· : .;; ,, ,----,. :. L_J ,, ., 0 0 DO D ' · ~) L========ti P:======~ ' ~' ·====~~==~==' Dt Fig. 3 Plan of Wat Mahathat, Lop Buri. Fine Arts Department.
41 were mostly committed to the care of the priests ... Thus amongst the nobility, the rich or civil population, not many chronicles or historical records are known, with the exception of those which are reported verbally or related in discourses."16 The scarcity of chronicles continued into the 18th century. For in their accounts given to the Burmese captors, the former residents of Ayudhya who had been taken prisoner in 1767 said in The Statement of the Residents of the Old Capital that "When Khun Chinnarat [Khun Worawongsa, r. 1548] became king, he had the old chronicles burnt or thrown into the water. On this account, parts of the old chronicles were missing from that time onward."17 Since parts of the old chronicles were already missing since the mid 16th century, the Bangkok period compilers of the royal chronicle of A yudhya would have to fill in the missing parts with earsay and their imagination. The following discussion will take the monuments mentioned in the Thamnan Phuttha Chedi Sayam as examples of each sub-period and compare them to their illustrations in 17th and 18th century European maps and descriptions by contemporary accounts so as to establish whether they had actually existed and in what form. First sub-period (1350-1488) Wat Phutthai Sawan When the author of the Tamnan Phuttha Chedi Sayam says that "Prince U Thong built Wat Phutthai Sawan," the information must have come from one of the recensions of the "Phanchanthanumat (Choem) version," 18 for the "Luang Prasoet version" does not mention it. He probably did not have Jeremias van Vliet's The Short History of the Kings of Siam to compare with the royal chronicles, since it was only translated into English and published by the Siam Society in 1975. According to The Short History ..., Thao U Thong built three temples: the Nappetadt (Mahathat), Raeyjae Boenna (Ratchabun) and Waddeun (Wat Doen), "which are still considered to be the most important in the whole kingdom."19 Apparently either Wat Phutthai Sawan was not considered significant in 1640 or had not yet been built. In 1687 Wat Phutthai Sawan made its first appearance on a map drawn by a French engineer and is labelled "Pagode de /a feue Reine," or Monastery of the Late Queen (Fig. 1). Nicolas Gervaise, who came to Siam in 1683 and spent the next four years there, also mentioned the monastery of the late queen. According to him, "The new cloister that has been built in honour of the late queen is filled with more than a hundred figures of women, all beautifully gilded and all with the same face and in the same posture."20 Although he mistook images of the Buddha for "figures of women," his statement that the "New cloister" had been built in honour of the late queen indicates that the Wat Phutthai Sawan had recently been built. Judging by the custom of building a monastery and transferring the merit accrued to the deceased, as for example King Mongkut's building Wat Somanat Vihara in 1853 and dedicating it to his late Queen Somanat Watthanawadi, it can be inferred that Wat Phutthai Sawan was built by King Narai in memory of his queen. Also the plan of Wat Phutthai Sawan (Fig. 2) with the central prang flanked by two smaller ones to the north and south (now transformed into mondop) recalls that of the Mahathat at Lop Buri (Fig. 3), which was reconstructed by King Narai in the 1660's.21 This similarity lends support to the hypothesis that the monastery was built in King Narai's reign. Wat Phutthai Sawan must have been an important monastery in 1750, when King Borommakot commanded that the Sinhalese delegation be taken to worship there. The account written by the Sinhalese visitors to "Vat Puthi Suwan" gives us a glimpse of the monument as it existed then, and is quoted below : "Seven days later on Friday, being full moon, two officers came and informed us that the king had given orders for us to go and worship at two viharas on this day. We accordingly proceeded in boats and worshipped at the vihare called Vat Puthi Suwan. The following is a description of the place. On the right of the great river there stretches a plain right up to the river bank; here are built long ranges of two-storied halls in the form of a square, with four gateways on the four sides; on the four walls were placed two hundred gilt images. Within the eastern gate is fashioned a likeness of the sacred footprint, with the auspicious symbol worked in gold. Right in the centre is a great gilt dagaba [main prang] with four gates. On entering by the eastern gate there is found a flight of stone steps gilt; right in the womb of the dagaba are enshrined the holy relics; and it was so built that it was possible to walk round within the dagaba without approaching them. There was also within a gilt reproduction of the Sacred Foot. On either side of this gate were built two five-headed Naga Rajas apparently descending to the bank of earth. To the north of this was a two-storied building with a throne in the middle of it; on this was seated a gilt figure of the Buddha twelve cubits high. To the east of this and facing it was a five-storied building hung with awnings and adorned with paintings and gilding; the pillars in the middle were covered with plates of gold, and on a throne in the centre was a life-size image of gold supported on either side by two similar gilt images of the two chief disciples Sariyut Mahasami and Maha Mugalan Sami and numerous others. Above the gateway from the roof to the lintel there was pictured in gilt work Buddha in the Sakra world, seated on the White Throne and preaching his glorious Abhidharma to the god Mavu [Maha] Deva and to the gods and Brahmas of unnumbered worlds; and again, when his discourse was ended, he is depicted as descending by the golden stairs to Sakaspura. The vihare itself is strongly guarded by walls and gates; round about
Page 3 and 4: The Journal of the Siam Society VOL
Page 5 and 6: THE SIAM SOCIETY PATRON VICE-PATRON
Page 7 and 8: In This Issue The Siam Society Unde
Page 9 and 10: 7 Section V : Aspects of Ayudhya 57
Page 11 and 12: SECTION I HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN
Page 13 and 14: HER MAJESTY QUEEN SIRIKIT BONNIE DA
Page 15 and 16: SECTION II PEOPLE AND EVENTS
Page 17 and 18: HONORS TO DISTINGUISHED PERSONS Dr.
Page 19: SECTION III A CONTEMPORARY LETTER A
Page 22 and 23: Mr. Prakaipet lndhusophon
Page 24 and 25: 22 Mao Zedong and Mr. Prakaipet exc
Page 26 and 27: A CONTEMPORARY LETTER BY AN ENGLISH
Page 28 and 29: 26 ment But for time to come, if th
Page 30 and 31: 28 , . q ;:?:. -' ./ ,. .,. / ,. /
Page 32 and 33: 30 ,4 " l'· , ·'1': .,. • I~ '-
Page 34: 32 /"' l.--. .. ,~ ...... - / ~,..
Page 38 and 39: 36 0 fi CJl
Page 40 and 41: (>) 00 Fig. 1 "Plan de la Ville de
Page 44 and 45: 42 Fig. 4 Wat Phutthai Sawan from t
Page 46 and 47: ;!::> ;!::> Fig. 6 A water-colour c
Page 48 and 49: 46 Fig. 7 Plan of Wat Mahathat, Ayu
Page 50 and 51: 48 Fig. 9 Detail of "Iudea," showin
Page 52 and 53: (Jl 0 Fig. 11 "Siam ou Iudia Capita
Page 54 and 55: • • • • • • • • •
Page 56 and 57: 52 Fig. 13 A conjectural elevation
Page 58 and 59: 54 ENDNOTES 1. Prince Damrong Rajan
Page 61: SECTION V ASPECTS OF AYUDHYA
Page 64 and 65: 60 Whatever the case was, this posi
Page 66 and 67: 62 welcomed by Narai and his counse
Page 68 and 69: 64 The fact that the last book on S
Page 70 and 71: 66 common language in religious mat
Page 72 and 73: 68 the waxing moon in the eighth mo
Page 75 and 76: MADAME MARIE GUIMARD Under the Ayud
Page 77: 73 Foreign Affairs, and later becam
Page 80 and 81: 76 of its location, court policies
Page 82 and 83: 78 1380s and that in 1419 Ryukyuan
Page 85 and 86: AYUDHYA AND ITS PLACE IN PRE-MODERN
Page 87 and 88: 83 These sacred centres eventually
Page 89 and 90: 85 Muang Sing were extraordinarily
Page 91: SECTION VI OTHER ARTICLES
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90 the move into Terengganu also ap
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92 His Majesty's kingdom is under a
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94 period. It is evident in both th
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96 Autograph Chronicle). 71 Two yea
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98 Ratchasena of W. Phaomani, Thaha
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100 ENDNOTES 1 "Phraratchaphongsawa
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102 75 W.C. Dodd, The Tai Race: The
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THE WAT SRI CHUM JATAKA GLOSSES REC
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107 languiw -lagnuiw - lan(n)uiw MM
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109 &c. is gan 'person' [17, 18], t
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111 17 'ja t' e~ sak mic 20 ku twas
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113 sis, 1978. 8 Gosling, 1988, op.
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115 Context A: Gloss-initial 2601.
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117 Context A 4301 601 17.1 13.1 41
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No. Sd.32 Title lines ISP CIV Fourn
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121 Jataka No. ISP CI V Foumereau J
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123 INDEX This index lists all lemm
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san 3.3 hii 3.3; 5.4; 23.8; 24.7; 4
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128 dhism became dominant. Thus, th
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NOTES AND COMMENTS TWO PORTS OF SUV
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..·
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136 to four "incalculables" (asaizk
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138 to Hofinger's earlier study, Le
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140 Joy for the World: A Buddhist P
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142 goodness": it should rather be
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144 Louis XIV et le Siam DIRK VAN D
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146 Anderson: 11 "In view of her [M
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148 The different Frenchmen in the
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150 position that he could not see
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152 its neighbors, and particularly
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154 the political ascendance of Asa
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156 querade of having to pay homage
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158 possibility of diffusion in thi
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160 Cesare Ferro and Luang Sora/akl
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162 This resulted in a revival of t
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SECTION IX IN MEMORIAM
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ACHARN KRAISRI NIMMANAHAEMINDA 12 D
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LIS I ()~ \IE\IRF.RS
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~tr-. Uo Khtn Mu»lF Crak • \ lr
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l)r S.sr..:h1h1.~u Mtl,uo~a· \lr J
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0. ~ Sn~. \tMru \1t \urapo.'t')f '-
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INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS The Jo
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.. :.'1}--..,u s toms ' ambodia pub
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All Rights Reserved The Siam Societ
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Acknowledgments For photographs, gr
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6 cretism of Thai religion are rela
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8 MONKS AND MEDIUMS: RELIGIOUS SYNC
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A REVISED DATING OF AYUDHYA ARCHITE
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A REVISED DATING OF A YUDHYA ARCHIT
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A REVISED DATING OF A YUDHYA ARCHIT
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COMPUTER-ASSISTED DATING FOR THAI I
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COMPUTER-ASSISTED DATING FOR THAI I
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SECTION II ASPECTS OF LAW AND RELIG
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34 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS CHAPTER I
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36 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS herent, ho
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38 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS then analy
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40 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS Further in
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42 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS There are
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44 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS II. THE EA
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46 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS reliance o
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48 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS ter to agr
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50 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS TRANSLATIO
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52 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS person, el
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54 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS 4. There i
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56 VON MEHREN AND SAWERS tional and
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RELIGION AND FAMILY LAW IN BURMA AY
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RELIGION AND FAMILY LAW IN BURMA 61
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68 PETER SKILLING list based on Sin
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70 PETER SKILLING PART II 1. Lists
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72 PETER SKILLING Dl3. chu srin mak
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74 PETER SKILLING E44. zhags pa100
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76 PETER SKILLING [B19 animal] D24-
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78 PETER SKILLING 24For the latter,
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K'LA AND THE CATHOLICS OF CHIANG MA
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THEBUDDHAUNDERNAGA Animism, Hinduis
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THE BUDDHA UNDER NAGA 91 lightened
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THE BUDDHA UNDER NAGA 93 Figure 1.
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THE BUDDHA UNDER NAGA 95 Figure 5.
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98 MARJORIE A. MUECKE to take posse
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100 MARJORIE A. MUECKE The mutual b
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102 MARJORIE A. MUECKE d d d Three
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104 MARJORIE A. MUECKE REFERENCES B
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106 MARY L. GROW anyone else from c
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108 MARY L. GROW Fig. 1. Women perf
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110 MARYL. GROW While elderly women
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112 MARY L. GROW REFERENCES ANUMAN
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114 JAMES L. TAYLOR pamsukulika) an
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116 JAMES L. TAYLOR Naresuan and hi
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118 JAMES L. TAYLOR movement with t
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120 JAMES L. TAYLOR founded. then a
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122 JAMES L. TAYLOR RAY AAN), SOMDE
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SILVER COINS: EVIDENCE FOR MINING A
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SILVER COINS: EVIDENCE FOR MINING A
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SECTION IV LITERATURE
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132 KLAUS WENK said that courtiers
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134 KLAUS WENK tive state of mind-w
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136 GEORGE SIORIS further afield in
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138 GEORGE SIORIS companion neverth
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140 GEORGE SIORIS the end. A consta
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THAI CLASSICAL MUSIC COMES TO AMERI
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SECTION VI ETHNOLOGY
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152 NATHALIE BECQUIGNON be applied
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154 NATHALIE BECQUIGNON Hors du con
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156 NATHALIE BECQUIGNON enseigne. 1
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158 NATHALIE BECQUIGNON Torsions. D
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160 NATHALIE BECQUIGNON La premiere
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162 NATHALIE BECQUIGNON mais aussi
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SECTION VII LINGUISTICS
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168 ROBERT J. PARKIN 2. ber, beh. Y
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SECTION VIII REVIEWS
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REVIEWS 173 into territories until
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REVIEWS 175 favourable to France, w
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REVIEWS 177 II The year 1992 marks
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REVIEWS 179 I feel that something m
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REVIEWS 181 and the response on the
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INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS The Jo
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The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. LXXX, Part 1-2, 1992 - Khamkoo

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