The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. LXXVII, Part 1-2, 1989 - Khamkoo

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32 HANS PENTH Saimong 1981 Pa Dang + Chiang Tung Chronicles. Sao Saimong Mangrai.: The Padaeng Chronicle and the J engtung State Chronicle Translated. Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1981. Schmitt 1898 Inscr. Doi Tham Phra. W. Schmitt: IX. Inscription thaie du Roi Phamlua de Ia caverne du mont Doi Tham-Phra. In: Auguste Pavie: Mission Pavie, Etudes diverses (2). Paris 1898 p. 331 -339. Shorto 1971 Diet. Mon Inscriptions. H.L. Shorto: A Dictionary of the Mon Inscriptions from the Sixth to the Sixteenth Centuries. London 1971. Sujit 1984 Miiang Phayao. ~~~~ 1-:I~L'Ylfl (urmnfim1) "wexm::un" ' Sumet 1970 Seen. SumetJumsai: Seen. Architectural Forms of Northern Siam and Old Siamese Fortifications. Bangkok 1970. TBK.C+A. Traibhilmikatha Translated into French by George Coedes and Charles Archaimbault. In: G. Coedes I C. Archaimbault: Les trois mondes (Traibhiimi Brah R'vart). Paris 1973. Thewalok 1963 Jotmiilhet hiJn. YI1~L'Y11l~n (LLVI~:!-1 1'lf1l'lf~) "'iWI'JIIJJ7il!'JIICII lm" th~~:!-IYI-:ifl11~m (8) ~1itn~:!-i~fl11VIU~ nj-:JL'Y1W'1 2507 VIU1 86 - 11s. Thorn I Prastin 1974 Inscr. Doi Tham Phra. L'i1:!-i s:iL~:!-1 I 1h~m, 1Jqj1h~f18-:i "~hehu flm'il7~n fi'W. /27" it~~~l,flm.hm (18.3) "' 2517 Vl'\.-1,1 15 - 17. Thorn I Prastin 1980 Inscr. Wat Phra Suwanna Mahtf Wihan. = "'" tl tl ~ "' L'Yl:!-1 :!-IL~:!-1 I ,~~,, 'I.Jtl! ,~f18-:J "rlfl7'i1Tm TI"lf'J.:tffJ4.:tTI~ fi'W./9" U~~~11fl
DID KUBLAI HAN'S CONQUEST OF THE DALI KINGD M GIVE RISE TO THE MASS MIGRATION OF THE THAI PEOPLE TO HE SOUTH? UTING AND CHEN LUFAN INSTITUTE FOR SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES, KUNMING I. Introduction During the several decades since Tern Jin received the title of Genghis Khan though the support of th aristocracy and unified the grasslands of Mongolia in 1206 th e Mongolian cavalry swept over the continents of Asia a d Europe like a hurricane, devastating many countries in th western part of Asia and the eastern part of Europe, leaving ehind a tremendous influence upon those areas. The study the merits and demerits of the history of this period of the ngolian people remains a subject of world-wide interest and the most divergent controversy. Although foreign works 01 Mongolian history undoubtedly embrace some studies con rming with objective reality, many of them are only phenom al descriptions. Even worse, some of them have mad e the a ready much entangled history of the 13th century even mo e confused . An example is the theory that Kublai Khan's c01 uest of the Dali Kingdom compelled the mass migration oft e Thai people to the South (the Mass Migration Theory). The originators of the Mass Migration T eory were scholars and specialists ofthe Western countries su 'has H.R. Davies, W. C. Dodd and W. A. R. Wood, etc. Their arks, published fifty or sixty years ago, proclaimed that Kubla Khan's conquest of the Dali Kingdom in Yunnan Province led the final extinction of this Thai Kingdom and the mass mi ation the south. They even asserted "This is beyond all doubt. '1 Kublai Khan's conquest of the Dali King om Yunnan is a historical fac t. But did this compel the Thai p ople to migrate en masse to the south? No. Editor's note : For an earlier and less detail d version of this article, see Th e Siam Society Newsletter, Vol. 4, No.4 December 1988, p. 19. Since the originators of the Mass Migration Theory stated their th esis very positively, describing their fallacies as beyond all doubt, what irrefutable hi storical sources did they possess to demonstrate the reliability of their theory? None. Since Kublai Khan's conquest of the Dali Kingdom did not in fact compel the Thai people to migrate en masse to the south, and not a single hi storical source could possibly prove the mass migration of the Thai people from Yunnan to the south in the Yuan Dynasty, we may ask the question: Whence the Mass Migration Theory? This paper is intended to answer that question. II. Kublai Khan's Conquest of the Dali Kingdom Did Not Give Rise to a Mass Migration To be sure, armed forces did play an important role in Kublai Khan's conquest of the Dali Kingdom. In 1253, an army of a hundred thousand strong, led by Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan, entered Sichuan via Gansu; then, using leather canoes and rafts, crossed the Jinsha River by three routes, and in less than one year vanquished and ex terminated the Dali kingdom which had been entrenched in Yunnan for several hundred years. 2 At that time, the middle and eastern parts of Sichuan were still under the ru le of the Southern Song Dynasty, so the route of march was laid across the western part of Sichuan and the border region between Sichuan and Yunnan having high mountains and deep valleys and a very scanty population. The Emperor resorted to a strategy of a broad circuitous flanking movement, thus taking the kingdom by storm. The conquesf of the Dali Kingdom turned Yunnan, the
Page 3 and 4: The Journal · ofthe Sia1n Society
Page 5 and 6: THE SIAM SOCIETY PATRON VICE-PATRON
Page 7 and 8: INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AND THE TRAN
Page 9 and 10: A Message from the President You a
Page 11: In This Issue ASPECTS OF THE NORTH-
Page 14 and 15: 12 HANS PENTH founded by Phaya Mang
Page 16 and 17: 14 HANS PENTH Fig. 3 Old Phrifo. A
Page 18 and 19: 16 HANS PENTH Fig. 4 Phra jao Siin
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Page 28 and 29: 26 HANS PENTH ENDNOTES 1. CMA.B.l.3
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Page 32 and 33: 30 HANS PENTH BIBLIOGRAPHY ( ... )
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Page 38 and 39: 36 DU YUTlNG AND CHEN LUFAN Pllotos
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Page 45 and 46: A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF IMPORTANT
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Page 57 and 58: 56 OSKA R VON HI NUBER The tex t of
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Page 71 and 72: 70 ERIK COHEN (3) The period of the
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84 DURRENBERGER AND TANNENBAUM A Li
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88 DURRENBERGER AND TANNENBAUM The
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90 DURRENBERGER AND TANNENBAUM 1980
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92 HANS PENTH contents of inscripti
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94 HANS PENTH southwest of Angkor (
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96 HANS PENTH probably non-existent
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98 HANS PENTH "Phaya Rong" in the J
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100 HANS PENTH Grousset 1960 L'empi
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REVIEW ARTICLE DAVID FILBECK CHIANG
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104 DAVID FILBECK knowledge about t
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106 DAVID FILBECK ence that the vil
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108 DAVID FILBECK bly beginning its
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Archaeological Excavations in Thail
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112 REVIEWS commented upon by Europ
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114 REVIEWS reaction is to think th
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116 painting, at the request of Pro
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PUBLICATIONS OF THE SIAM SOCIETY GE
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Recent Siam Society Publications TH
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THE SIAM SOCIETY UNDER ROYAL PATRON
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The Journal of the Siam Society VOL
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PATRON VICE-PATRONS HON. PRESIDENT
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The Journal of the Siam Society VOL
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In This Issue The Pong Tuk lamp, ex
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THE PONG TUK LAMP: A RECONSIDERATIO
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42 COLOR PLATES FOR "THE PONG TUK L
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22 JACQUES DUMARC::A Y Cn ndi fngo,
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24 JACQUES DUMAR(AY The Hindu icono
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26 JACQUES DUMARC::A Y Cn udi Sn 11
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COLOR PLATES FOR "ARCHITECTURAL COM
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NOTE SUR LE TATOUAGE EN PAYS THAI R
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NOTE SUR LE TATOUAGE EN PAYS THAI 3
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NOTE SUR LET ATOUAGE EN PAYS THAI 3
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44 KAZUO Y AMASAKl ET AL. now in th
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46 KAZUO YAMASAKI ET AL. 4. Lead is
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48 KAZUO YAMASAKI ET AL. In 1985 Ge
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BANGKOK IN 1883: AN ECONOMIC AND SO
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BANGKOK IN 1883 51 4 3 ... ,_ 1 PLA
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BANGKOK IN 1883 53 completely break
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BANGKOK IN 1883 55 Table 6: Heads o
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BANGKOK IN 1883 57 not yet hold a d
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THE TRAVELS IN FRANCE OF THE SIAMES
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BLOCKPRINTED FABRICS OF GUJARAT FOR
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FABRICS OF GUJARAT FOR SIAM 73 Ill.
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ON THE ORIGINS OF THE URAKLAWOI' A
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ON THE ORIGINS OF THE URAK LAWOI' 7
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HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY IN THAILAND
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HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY IN THAILAND
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REVIEWS 83 lating to compilation of
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REVIEWS 85 initial consonants, the
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REVIEWS 87 10. 'to weight or weight
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REVIEWS 89 now for a close comparat
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INDEX TO THE SIAM SOCIETY NEWSLETTE
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NEWSLEITER INDEX 93 The Siam Societ
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5. Moutin, Jean, 55 Chants d' Amour
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BUDDHADASA: A BUDDHIST THINKER FOR
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Tlte Journal of tlte Siam Society w
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The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. LXXVII, Part 1-2, 1989 - Khamkoo

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