Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Types of Neutral ...

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Bolted Faults Two Types of Faults Solid connection between two phases or phase and ground resulting in high fault current. Stresses are well contained so fault creates less destruction. Arc Faults Usually caused by insulation breakdown, creating an arc between two phases or phase to ground. Intense energy is not well contained, and can be very destructive. 8
Bolted Faults Result from a solid connection accidentally being made between two phases of the system or between one phase and an adjacent grounded metal surface. Because they are low resistance, high current events, this type of fault may actually be less destructive because the energy is spread over a large area and the protective devices are activated very rapidly by the large current. All types of electrical equipment with a withstand and/or interrupting rating are tested using bolted fault conditions. The majority of the stresses (thermal and mechanical) are confined within the bus-bar and associated supports, so very little arc flash / blast occurs, if any at all. 9
Page 1 and 2: Advantages and Disadvantages of Dif
Page 3 and 4: POWER SYSTEM GROUNDING Power system
Page 5 and 6: Are You at Risk? Do you use electri
Page 7: POWER SYSTEM GROUNDING SYSTEM FAILU
Page 11 and 12: Arc Fault Usually caused by insulat
Page 13: Arcing Ground Faults Intermittent o
Page 16 and 17: Industry Recommendations IEEE Std 2
Page 18 and 19: THE UNGROUNDEDED POWER SYSTEM 18
Page 20 and 21: UNGROUNDED SYSTEM NORMAL CONDITIONS
Page 22 and 23: UNGROUNDED SYSTEM GROUND FAULT ON P
Page 24 and 25: THE UNGROUNDED POWER SYSTEM GROUND
Page 26 and 27: THE UNGROUNDED POWER SYSTEM ADVANTA
Page 28 and 29: THE SOLIDLY GROUNDED POWER SYSTEM 2
Page 30 and 31: SOLIDLY GROUNDED SYSTEM THREE PHASE
Page 32 and 33: SOLIDLY GROUNDED SYSTEM LINE - GROU
Page 34 and 35: SOLIDLY GROUNDED SYSTEM LINE-LINE S
Page 36 and 37: Industry Recommendations IEEE Std 1
Page 38 and 39: THE SOLIDLY GROUNDED POWER SYSTEM D
Page 40 and 41: Reactive Grounding Uses reactor not
Page 42 and 43: LOW RESISTANCE GROUNDING OF POWER S
Page 44 and 45: LOW RESISTANCE GROUNDED ZERO SEQUEN
Page 46 and 47: HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDING OF POWER
Page 48 and 49: No Single Phase Loads No line-to-ne
Page 50 and 51: HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDING - GROUND
Page 52 and 53: HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDED SYSTEM LIN
Page 54 and 55: HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDING 54
Page 56 and 57: THE HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDED POWER
Page 58 and 59:
THE HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDED POWER
Page 60 and 61:
HOW DO YOU FIND GROUND FAULTS? Ungr
Page 62 and 63:
PROCEDURE FOR LOCATING GROUND FAULT
Page 64 and 65:
Fault Location Method to quickly lo
Page 66 and 67:
Per IEEE… TO HRG OR NOT TO HRG? I
Page 68 and 69:
Per IEEE… TO HRG OR NOT TO HRG? I
Page 70 and 71:
Duty Ratings for NGR’s IEEE Std 3
Page 72 and 73:
HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDING OF A 2400
Page 74 and 75:
THE HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDING OF PO
Page 76 and 77:
Resolve NEC requirement Add small 1
Page 78 and 79:
Minimum Specifications 120 Volt Con
Page 80 and 81:
HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDING - 2.4KV S
Page 82 and 83:
HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDING 2.4KV SYS
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HIGH RESISTANCE GROUNDING - 2.4KV S
Page 86:
GENERATOR APPLICATONS OF NEUTRAL GR
Page 89 and 90:
Generator Grounding - IEEE IEEE Std
Page 91 and 92:
AIC Rating (Amps Interrupting Curre
Page 93 and 94:
HYBRID SYSTEM 93
Page 95:
Common options Enclosure rating Enc
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101
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