Wastewater Irrigation in Gujarat - People in Centre Consulting

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Table 5: Sewage Treatment Scenario in Bhavnagar City Total Water Required supply (MLD) Treatment Capacity Sewage Available Treatment Capacity Deficit/Surplus Bhavnagar 90 72 0 -72 Source: Information from municipal and pollution control officers in Bhavnagar city As per the House listing and Household data of Census 2011, 81.4 percent of households in Bhavnagar have access to closed drains. There are 5.4 percent households, which have access to open drainage and 13.2 per cent households don’t have access to any drainage. This shows that a maximum of wastewater generated by 87.8 percent households would reach Tilaknagar and Kumbharwada areas of the city. Wastewater Details As mentioned earlier, the operations of STP in Tilaknagar were discontinued in 1998. There are oxidation ponds of 10 MLD in Kumbharvada area of Bhavnagar developed by Bhavnagar Municipal Corporation (BMC). However, these are non-functional. Nonetheless, the sewage from the city is getting collected at Tilaknagar and Kumbharwada. In Kumbahrwada, it is left in open land. Here, it cannot be used for agriculture since the entire land in vicinity is saline tract. It was also found that the villages would have preferred the city’s only proposed STP location in such a place, which would have enabled irrigation of a larger area using the wastewater. Currently, limited use of this water is made as it reaches sea unutilized. 20
Figure 3: Map of Extent of Wastewater Irrigation in Surrounding Areas of Bhavnagar Area, Receipts and Cash Profit It was found during the field visits to the city, that only one village, Ruva is using wastewater for irrigation. This is also because of the proximity of the collection point to sea. A total net area of 195 ha and a gross area of 293 ha is being irrigated wastewater. The estimated agriculture receipts were found to be around Rs. 1.8 crore with a cash profit of around Rs. 1.2 crore. Despite, the market being poor for cotton last year, the profit derived was around 65 percent of agricultural receipts. Table 6: Net and Gross Area, Receipts and Cash Profit of Wastewater Irrigated Villages in Bhavnagar Village Net irrigated Area in Ha Net WW Gross WW Agriculture Irrigated Area in Ha Irrigated Area in Ha Receipts (Rs. in crore) Ruva 391 195 293 1.8 1.24 Source: Field study, 2012 Crops and Productivity Cash Profit (Rs. in crore) It was found that during the Kharif season, BT cotton, juwar and alfa alfa are grown using wastewater. In Rabi, wheat and in summer, Juwar for fodder are grown. Table 7: Crop and Productivity using Wastewater Irrigation in Bhavnagar Jan Feb Mar April May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Wheat Fodder Juwar Fodder Juwar Wheat Cotton Cotton Wheat Fodder Bajra Fodder Juwar Wheat Alfa Alfa Alfa Alfa Alfa Alfa 21
Page 2 and 3: This page is intentionally left bla
Page 10 and 11: LIST OF FIGURES Figure.1:.Methodolo
Page 12 and 13: Pollution Control Board (CPCB), sew
Page 14 and 15: which would deprive many households
Page 16 and 17: Identification of Sewage Treatment
Page 18 and 19: chapters also provide the details o
Page 20 and 21: Another cooperative, the ‘Miroli
Page 22 and 23: flowing into it. Along the River, t
Page 24 and 25: The Table 2 provides a snapshot of
Page 26 and 27: Village Net Irrigated Area in Ha Ne
Page 32 and 33: With metered supply of electricity
Page 34 and 35: any drainage. Hence, the major chun
Page 36 and 37: Table 9: Bhuj Area, Receipts and Ca
Page 38 and 39: As per the House listing and Househ
Page 40 and 41: Crops and Productivity It was found
Page 42 and 43: shows that there is a high deficit
Page 44 and 45: Figure 7: Map of Extent of Wastewat
Page 46 and 47: Table 18: Net and Gross Area, Recei
Page 48 and 49: drainage. Hence, the major chunk of
Page 50 and 51: Although area irrigated with wastew
Page 52 and 53: According to the House listing and
Page 54 and 55: Table below provides a snapshot of
Page 56 and 57: Crops and Productivity It was found
Page 58 and 59: Table 28: Comparison of Wastewater
Page 62 and 63: these treatment systems are much lo
Page 64 and 65: 4. Farmers in Bedi village of Rajko
Page 66 and 67: use. These places use wastewater fo
Page 68 and 69: The section below provides the expl
Page 70 and 71: for using wastewater. Hence, suitab
Page 74 and 75: 11. Swarup, D., Dwivedi, S.K. and D
Page 76 and 77: 15. Mr. Gadhavi Assistant, Jaspar G
Page 78: Farmers No. Name of the Farmer Name

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