Handbook on Digital Video and Audio in Education - ATiT

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<strong>Handbook</strong> on Digital Video and Audio in Education a digital output (via USB, USB2 or even better via IEEE 1394 also called FireWire) that then goes straight into the PC. This process is commonly called capturing. Once in the digital format on the PC, the user can choose what to do next with it: view, store, and edit the materials. Note that these media, when captured with respect of the original quality, and without too much compression in order to be able to edit and reprove these, are quite large in size: 1 minute of video captured in DV quality, takes about 200 MB of hard disk space. Working with video quickly becomes demanding on hardware and storage. 3.2. FILM Old films often are extremely valuable, but it is not simple to show them or even show parts of them, as it requires the right projector and a dim room. To make these films available for access, it is recommended to have them transferred to a video format and then even better to a digital video format. You may encounter a number of film formats in educational context: mainly 8mm, Super8, and 16mm. Then there are the larger formats Super16, 35mm, and 70mm that are used in the cinema. An easy solution for transferring film is to project the film onto a screen, capture the image with a video camera while the film plays, and record it with a videotape recorder or directly on to a hard disk. It sounds all a little easier than it is as it does require some care in setting up and selecting the screen and camera to avoid disturbing flicker. A better way of transferring film is by using a device called ‘telecine’. This device incorporates a projector and a camera (or rather the light sensing part of it, the CCD in one unit. This technology is rather expensive. Specialist companies provide this type of telecine services to provide you with one or more video copies of film. 4. CAPTURING SCREEN-BASED MATERIAL 4.1. SCREEN SHOTS FROM APPLICATIONS When teaching your students how to use a certain software tool, it is easy to give them an insight in the interface of the program by directly using screen views as they are displayed on your own screen. Make a screen shot of the different stages of their task and paste them into a new document or a PowerPoint. You can take a snapshot of your screen or part of it to paste into any type of document, just by pushing the Print Screen button on your keyboard (on Windows-based computers) or by using special software such as SnagIt (www.techsmith.com). Screen-capturing tools such as Camtasia (see also www.techsmith.com), the Screen Capture Application in Windows Media Encoder or even better Adobe Captivate effectively record a movie from the activity on your computer screen. With this software you can capture text, pictures, a region on your screen, just a menu or a scroll down page and edit it further, add text, arrows, and effects to it. It is even possible to add a certain amount of interactivity to these screen movies. With software such as the Windows Media Encoder, Camtasia Studio or Captivate (www.adobe.com/products/captivate) you can record moving images from several applications directly from your computer screen. You can record for example a PowerPoint presentation to stream it later as a video. You can add your comment in a voice-over, while browsing through the material or the videos, both during recording and afterwards. In addition, the sounds from the application itself can be recorded. Important movements or spots can be emphasised by adding highlights or showing mouse clicks in your video, and zooming in and out on the screen. When you make a 32
<strong>Handbook</strong> on Digital Video and Audio in Education presentation video with screen capture, make sure you do not speak too fast and stay to the point. Keep the instructions short. Rather make different movies for different functions in the software. Otherwise it will be too long to memorise and ineffective. 5. THE VIRTUAL CUTTER The “Virtual Cutter” is an application developed by the University of Groningen. With this tool, you can select a specific fragment from a streamed video on the Internet, without actually editing the video itself 6 . You give a mark in and mark out point and the tool creates a new HTML code for you that you can put as a hyperlink in a VLE, in Word or PowerPoint. Go to video.surfnet.nl/virtualcutter. (The default language for this website is Dutch; you can change the language if you want to Spanish or English.) Fill in the location of the streamed video in the box. Click ‘Open the virtual cutter’. Click Play to start viewing the streamed video. Mark an in point on the fly by clicking the ‘Mark start’ button, and an out point by clicking the ‘Mark end’ button, while playing the video. Check your selection with the ‘Play clip in stand alone player’ button. Now you can verify if you selected the correct in and out points. If not, you can still adjust these with the -/+0.1s buttons or you can choose to start the process over again. Click on ‘Open output window’ to open a second window where you will have the possibility to copy and edit the code to re-use the clip you have created just a moment ago. For example, you can copy the hyperlink ‘Play clip’ and paste it into any document you want. You can also use one of the html-variants and copy it into an htmldocument or into a learning environment such as Blackboard. Fig. 5 - The Virtual Cutter The virtual cutter supports a large number of formats (ASF, ASX, HTML, MOV, MP3, MP4, MPA, MPG, RA, RAM, RM, RMVB, SMI(L) WMA, WMP and WMV) and players (RealPlayer, Windows Media Player, QuickTime Player, Kasenna Broadband Player and the Mediamatics StreamExpress software for MPEG-2). 6 Similar functionality is available nowadays in the Windows Media Player 11. 33
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Handbook on Digital Video and Audio in Education - ATiT

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