IWMP-11 - Commissionerate of Rural Development Gujarat State ...

DWDU, Rajkot 

Detailed Project Report 

IWMP: 11 (Sanathali) 

(Kanpar, Junapiplya, Jivapar, Dolatpar & Sanathali) 

( Ha.: 5987, Cost: 898.050 Lac ) 

Year :- 2010-11 

PIA : D. W. D. U. – Rajkot 

D.L.N.A. : District Watershed Development Unit – Rajkot 

Detailed Project Report: IWMP-11 1

DWDU, Rajkot 

Table of Contents 

Chapter 1 Project Background 12 

1.1 Project Background 13 

Table no. 1: Basic project information 13 

1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme 14 

Table no. 2: Weightage of the Project 14 

Table No.2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed 15 

Table no. 3: Watershed information 16 

1.3 Other projects/scheme running in the project villages 17 

Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area: 18 

Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programme in the project area: 21 

Chapter 2 Project Implementing Agency 22 

2.1 Project Implementing Agency 23 

2.2 About District Watershed Development Unit, Rajkot. 23 

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives: 23 

2.2.2 Programmes/projects running in the district 24 

2.3 SWOT Analysis of the DWDU 25 

Table no. 6: PIA: 26 

Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level: 26 

Chapter 3 Basic Information of the Project Area 27 


DWDU, Rajkot 

3.1. Geography and Geo-hydrology 28 

3.1.1 Land use pattern: 28 

Table no. 8: Land use pattern: 28 

3.1.2 Soil and topography 28 

Table no. 9: Soil type and topography 29 

Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition 29 

Table no. 11: Soil Erosion 30 

Table no. 11.1: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress) 30 

Table: 12. Climatic Conditions(Last six years annual rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature of 30 

Jasdan taluk 

3.1.3 Slope 31 

Table no. 13: Physiography and relief 31 

3.2 Land and Agriculture 32 

Table no. 14: Land ownership details 32 

Table no. 15: Agriculture 33 

3.2.1 Irrigation 34 

Table no. 16: Irrigation 34 

Table no. 17: Crop details 35 

3.3 Livestock 37 

Table no. 18: Livestock 37 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 19: Drinking water 37 

Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources 38 

3.5 Socio-Economic Profile 38 

3.5.1 Demographic Status 38 

Table no. 21: Demographic information 39 

Table no. 22: Literacy rate 39 

3.5.2 Migration Pattern 39 

Table no. 23: Migration details 40 

Table no. 24: Poverty 40 

3.5.3 Infrastructure facilities 40 

Table no. 25: Village infrastructure 41 

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets 41 

3.5.4 Livelihood pattern 41 

Table no. 27: Per capita Income 42 

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR 42 

Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) 43 

Chapter 4 Watershed Activities 44 

Watershed Activities 45 

4.1. Scientific Planning 45 to 50 

Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects 51 

Table no. 31: Details of PRA Activities conducted in the project area 56 


DWDU, Rajkot 

4.2. Institution Building 57 

Table no. 32.1: Watershed Committee details: Kanpar 58 

Table no. 32.2: Watershed Committee details: Junapiplya 59 

Table no. 32.3: Watershed Committee details: Jivapar 61 

Table no. 32.4: Watershed Committee details: Dolatpar 63 

Table no. 32.5: Watershed Committee details: Sanathali 65 

ii) Self Help Group 68 

Table no. 33.1: SHG detail: Kanpar 69 

Table no. 33.2: SHG detail: Junapiplya 69 

Table no. 33.3: SHG detail: Jivapar 69 

Table no. 33.4: SHG detail: Dolatpar 70 

Table no. 33.5: SHG detail: Sanathali 71 

iii) User Group: 72 

Table No. 34: The following types of groups were planned to be formed 72 

Table no. 34.1 : UG detail: Kanpar 73 

Table no. 34.2: UG detail: Junapipilya 73 

Table no. 34.3 : UG detail: Jivapar 73 

Table no. 34. 4: UG detail: Dolatpar 74 

Table no. 34.54: UG detail: Sanathali 74 

4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP-11 76 

4.3.1: Activities to be undertaken under EPA 76 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No. 35: Entry Point Activities (EPA): Some of the major activities proposed in Kanpar are: 76 

Table No. 35.1: Some of the major activities proposed in Juna Pipliya are: 77 

Table No. 35.2: Some of the major activities proposed in Jivapar are: 77 

Table No. 35.3: Some of the major activities proposed in Dolatpar are: 78 

Table No. 35.4: Some of the major activities proposed in Sanathali are: 78 

4.3.2. Watershed Development Works: 79 

4.3.2.1 Ridge Area Treatment Plans 79 

1. Contour Bunds/Trench 79 

2. Boulder Checks /Loose Boulder checks 80 

3. Gabions 81 

4.3.2.2 Drainage line Treatment and water harvesting for land development: 82 

1. Check dams 82 

2. Waste weirs 82 

4.3.2.3 Plains or Flat level/Field level: 83 

1) Farm Pond: 83 

2) Irrigation/Percolation tank 83 

3) Farm bund 84 

4) Afforestation 84 

Table no.36: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Kanpar 85 

Table no. 36.i: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Junapipaliya 86 

Table no. 36.ii: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Jivapar 87 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 36.iii: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: Dolatpar 88 

Table no. 36.iv: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: Snathali 89 

Table No 36.a: Technical Details of Earthen Contour Bund/Trench 90 

Table No 36.b: Technical Details of Boulder checks 

90 

Table No 36.c: Technical Details of Gabion structures 

93 

Table No-36 .d: Technical Details of Afforestation Activities 95 

Table No 36.e: Technical Details/Estimates of Farm Bund 97 

Table No 36.f Technical Details of Farm Pond 98 

Table no 36.g. Technical details of Irrigation/Percolation Tank 98 

Table no 36.h. Technical details & Cost Estimation of Waste weir 99 

Table no 36.j. Technical details of Check dam 101 

Table no.37: Activities related to Surface water resources in (all financial figures in lakh Rs.): Kanpar 103 

Table no.37.1: Activities related to Surface water resources in (all financial figures in lakh Rs.): Juna 104 

Pipliya 

Table no.37.2: Activities related to Surface water resources in (all financial figures in lakh Rs.): Jivapar 105 

Table no.37.3: Activities related to Surface water resources in (all financial figures in lakh Rs.): Dolatpar 106 

Table no.37.4: Activities related to Surface water resources in cluster IWMP-11 (all financial figures in 107 

lakh Rs.): Sanathali 

Table no.38: Activities related to recharging ground water resources in the project areas (all financial 108 

figures in lakh Rs.) 

Table no.39: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises: 113 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Kanpar 

Table no.39.1: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises: 114 

Junapipliya 

Table no.39.2: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises: 

115 

Jivapar 



Dolatpar 



Snanthali 

Table no. 40: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas: 120 

Table no. 41: Linkages developed at village level 124 

Table no.42: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Kanpar 124 

Table no.42.1: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Juna Pipaliya 125 

126 

Table no.42.2: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Jangvad 

Table no.42.3: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Dolatpar 127 

Table no.42.4: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Sanathali 128 

Livelihood Intervention 129 

Production System-1: Fodder bank for Watershed 131 

Table 42.i .Primary Model for A Fodder Bank 134 

Table no: 42.ii: Cost of cultivation for fodder production 136 

Table No. 42.iii, Revenue and return Details. 136 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Production System - 2: Vermi composting unit for Project villages 138 

Table: 42.iv Model of a Vermi-compost Unit for 40 beds of Dimension (10mt*1mt*0.3mt) 141 

Table No-42.v: Returns from vermin-composting 142 

Production System – 3 Khadi based industries 143 

Production System – 4: Turmeric Cultivation 146 

Table No-42.vi: Economics of turmeric cultivation in 1ha. Area 146 

Production System – 5: Floriculture 148 

Table No-42.vii: Economics of Marigold cultivation 149 

Activity Flow Chart - Marigold 150 

Table No-42.viii Technical Details of Sunflower Plantation Activities 153 

Table No-42.ix: Economic of Rose cultivation in 1 Hectare 156 

Production system -6 Agricultural Implements 157 

Table no.43: Techmical Detail of Bio-gas 160 

Table no.43.1: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas 163 

4.4 Capacity building and Institutional collaboration 164 

Table no. 44: Institutes Identified for Capacity Building 166 

Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan 166 

Table no.46: Information, Education and Communication Activities 167 

Chapter 5 Budgeting 168 

Table no. 47: Budget at a glance 169 

Table no. 48: Village wise- component wise budget available under IWMP 170 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 49: Village wise gap in funds requirement 170 

Table no.50: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes 159 

Table no. 51: Public-Private Partnership in the IWMP projects 160 

Chapter 6 Expected Outcome 162 

6.1.1 Environmental Benefits 162 

Table no. 52: Environmental Benefits 162 

6.1.2 Drinking water 163 

Table no. 53: Status of Drinking water 163 

6.1.3 Crops 163 

Table no. 54: Details of crop area and yield in the project areas 164 

Table no. 55: Area under horticulture/Other crops 164 

6.1. 4: Livestock 164 

Table no. 56: Details of livestock in the project areas 165 

6.1.5 Employment 165 

Table no. 57: Employment in Project area 166 

6.1.6 Migration 166 

Table no. 58: Details of seasonal migration from Project area 167 

Table no.59: Per capita Income 167 

Linkages 167 

Table no. 60: Backward-Forward linkages 167 

Logical Framework Analysis 169 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Chapter 7 Quality and Sustainability Issues 175 

Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation 176 

Vigilance and Monitoring Committees 177 

Research support in watershed management 177 

Farmer organization and empowerment 177 

Use of traditional institutions and indigenous knowledge 178 

Plans For Project management: 179 

Watershed Development Fund: 179 

Table No. 60. Details of Watershed Development Fund(WDF) 179 

User Charges: 180 

Chapter 8 Mapping 181 

Watershed baseline map 

River water body map 

Slope map 

Geomorphology map 

Soil map 

Land use/Land cover map 

Groundwater map 

Action plan map 

Detailed Project Report: IWMP-11 11

DWDU, Rajkot 

CHAPTER - 1 

PROJECT BACKGROUND 


DWDU, Rajkot 

1.1 Project Background 

The milliwatershed consists of five villages namely, Kanpar, Junapiplya, Jivapar, Jasapar, Dolatpar and Sanathali. 

IWMP-11 cluster which are located in Jasdan Taluka of Rajkot District in Gujarat state. The project is a cluster of 9 micro 

watersheds with 5G1B9c1b, 5G1B9d1f, 5G1B9d2a, 5G1B9d2b, 5G1B9c1g, 5G1B9a1e, 5G1B9a1f, 5G1B9a1h, 5G1B9a1g as micro 

watershed codes. The total project area of the watershed is 8486.90 out of which 5987ha, ha is proposed to be treated under 

Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP). 

The nearest town is Jasdan which is about 25 km from the project area and well connected by pucca road. In the watershed 

villages Patel, Darbar, Rabari, Koli, Bharvad, Muslims and Harijan communities are the primary inhabitants of the village. The 

villagers mainly depend upon agriculture or working in diamond polishing shops, thresher industries in Jasdan and Atkot urban 

areas. The bharvad community mainly depends upon dairying. Agriculture is totally dependent on rainfall. Drinking water mainly 

comes from the Narmda Pipeline and other wells/ borewells. Horticultural plants and afforestation plants planted under hariyali 

project in Sanathali and Jivapar increase the beauty of villages. The visible trees in the farmlands are Neem, Babool, Bor, Amli, 

Pipar, Jamphal , Pipal, Lemon and Vad. 

Table no. 1: Basic project information 

Sl. 

No 

Name of 

Villages 

the project Name Census 

code 

Gram 

Panchayats 

Taluka District Area of 

the 

project 

Area 

proposed 

to be 

treated 

Total 

project 

cost (Rs. 

in lakh) 

1 IWMP-11 Kanpar 00677400 Kanpar Jasdan Rajkot 1586.6 1086.70 163.01 

2 Junapiplya 00677900 Junapiplya 1258.5 758.50 113.78 

3 Jivapar 00678000 Jivapar 1523.1 1023.10 153.47 

4 Dalatpar 00677700 Dalatpar 803.50 303.50 45.53 

5 Sanathali 00678700 Sanathali 3315.2 2815.20 422.28 

Total 

8486.90 5987.00 898.05 

PIA 

DWDU 

Rajkot 


DWDU, Rajkot 

1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme 

Watershed Development Programme is selected on the basis of thirteen parameter namely Poverty Index, Percentage of 

SC/ST, Actual wages, Percentage of small and marginal farmers, Ground water status, Moisture Index, Area under rain fed 

agriculture, Drinking water situation in the area, Percentage of degraded land, Productivity potential of land, Continuity of another 

watershed that has already developed/treated, Cluster Approach for hilly terrain. Based on these thirteen parameter a composite 

ranking has been given to the watershed project as given in Table no. 3. 

The total number of families under BPL is 928 , which is 45 per cent of total households of the village. Hence a score of 5 is 

allotted. The percentage of schedule castes in the cluster villages is less than 20 per cent to the total population; hence a score of 3 

is allotted. Rain fed agriculture forms the primary occupation of the village due to the fact that ground water is saline and hence 

unfit for usage. Less than 50 per cent of the farmers are small and marginal by nature and the actual wages earned by the labour is 

less than the minimum wages hence a composite rank of 5, 3 and. 5 are allotted respectively. 

Since the rainfall received is erratic and irregular, the moisture index is low and the area is classified under DDP block. 

Drinking water is problematic in the village as low percolation into soil. Majority of land is degraded due to uneven level of land 

low percolation ratio of water inside the soil The soil is very permeable and production of the land can be significantly enriched 

with the availability of timely irrigation. The 13 watersheds in the project cover a total area of 4239.30 Ha. Thus a cumulative score 

of 99. All the parameters were taken together to give a cumulative score of 99 to the watershed. 

Table no. 2: Weightage of the Project 

Project 

Project 

Weightage 

name type 

i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x xi xii Xiii 

IWMP-11 Desert 5 3 5 3 3 15 10 5 10 10 10 15 5 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No.2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed 

S. 

No 

i 

Criteria 

Poverty index (% of poor 

to population) 

Maxi 

mum 

Ranges & scores 

score 

10 Above 80 % (10) 80 to 50 % (7.5) 50 to 20 % (5) Below 

20 % 

(2.5) 

ii % of SC/ ST population 10 More than 40 % (10) 20 to 40 % (5) Less than 20 % (3) 

iii Actual wages 5 Actual wages are 

significantly lower than 

minimum wages (5) 

Actual wages are 

equal to or higher 

than minimum 

wages (0) 

iv % of small and marginal 10 More than 80 % (10) 50 to 80 % (5) Less than 50 % (3) 

farmers 

v Ground water status 5 Over exploited (5) Critical (3) Sub critical (2) Safe (0) 

vi Moisture index/ 

DPAP/ DDP Block 

15 -66.7 & below (15) 

DDP Block 

-33.3 to -66.6 (10) 

DPAP Block 

0 to -33.2 (0) 

Non DPAP/ DDP Block 

vii Area under rain-fed 

agriculture 

15 More than 90 % (15) 80 to 90 % (10) 70 to 80% (5) Above 

70 % 

viii Drinking water 10 No source (10) Problematic village 

(7.5) 

ix Degraded land 15 High – above 20 % (15) Medium – 10 to 20 % 

(10) 

x Productivity potential of 

the land 

15 Lands with low 

production & where 

productivity can be 

significantly enhanced 

with reasonable efforts 

(15) 

Lands with moderate 



enhanced with 

reasonable efforts 

(10) 

Partially covered (5) 

Low- less than 10 % of 

TGA (5) 

Lands with high 



marginally enhanced 

with reasonable 

efforts (5) 

(Reject) 

Fully 

covered 

(0) 


DWDU, Rajkot 

xi 

xii 

xiii 

Contiguity to another 

watershed that has 

already been developed/ 

treated 

Cluster approach in the 

plains (more than one 

contiguous microwatersheds 

in the 

project) 

Cluster approach in the 

hills (more than one 

contiguous microwatersheds 

in the 

project) 

10 Contiguous to previously 

treated watershed & 

contiguity within the 

microwatersheds in the 

project (10) 

15 Above 6 micro-watersheds 

in cluster (15) 

15 Above 5 micro-watersheds 

in cluster (15) 

Contiguity within the 

microwatersheds in 

the project but non 

contiguous to 

previously treated 

watershed (5) 

4 to 6 


cluster (10) 

3 to 5 


cluster (10) 

Neither contiguous to 

previously treated 

watershed nor 

contiguity within the 


the project (0) 

2 to 4 


cluster (5) 

2 to 3 


cluster (5) 

Total 150 150 90 41 2.5 

Table no. 3: Watershed information 

Name of the project No. of 

watersheds to be 

Watershed code 

Watershed 

regime/type/order 

treated 

Kanpar 1 5G1B9c1b Milli watershed 

Junapiplya 1 5G1B9d1f Milli watershed 

Jivapar 3 5G1B9d2a, 5G1B9d2b, 5G1B9c1g Milli watershed 

Dolatpar 3 5G1B9a1e, 5G1B9a1f, 5G1B9a1h Milli watershed 

Sanathali 2 5G1B9a1g, 5G1B9a1f 


DWDU, Rajkot 

1.3 Other projects/scheme running in the project villages 

(1) MGNREGS: Pond deepening and widening of road works completed in all villages. 

(2) Prehariyali/ Hariyali watershed programme: Under the EAS and DDP project, total area of 2500 ha in total project area 

have been treated where all activities related to soil and water conservation measures have been taken care. Two solar 

street-lamps installed so far under DDP to promote non conventional source of energy in each village. 

(3) Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC): 617 individual toilets in the project villages and one public toilets in Sanathali and 

Jivapar, has been constructed under TSC programme in the project area. 

(4) Indira Awas Yojana: Total 46 house has been constructed in the five villages under this yojana. 

(5) Sardar Awas Yojana: Total 45 house has been constructed in these villages under this yojana 

(6) WASMO/Sector reform: In the project villages 1333 houses get water by tap connection under WASMO programme. 

(7) GGY: Two villagers have been benefitted under this programme where road in market has been taken. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area 

Kanpar 

SI 

no 

Name of the 

programme/scheme 

Sponsoring 

agency 

1 Sector reform/WASMO Govt of Gujarat 

Objectives of the 


Year of 

commencement 

Villages 

covered 

Estimated 

number of 

beneficiaries 

Water tank - Pipe-line 2002-03 1 250 

2 MGNREGS CRD Employment 2009-10 1 120 

3 IAY CRD Housing 2003-04 1 13 

4 Pre-Hariyali Central Govt. Desert Area Development 1995-96 1 210 

5 TSC Govt of India Sanitation 2004-05 1 160 

Junapipliya 

SI 

no 



Sponsoring 

agency 





commencement 

Villages 

covered 

Estimated 


beneficiaries 

Water tank, - Pipe-line 2006-07 1 238 



4 Hariyali Central Govt. Desert Area Development 2003-04 1 180 

5 SAY 

Govt. Of 

Gujarat 

Housing 

2006-07 1 40 



DWDU, Rajkot 

Jivapar 

SI 

no 



Sponsoring 

agency 




commencement 

Villages 

covered 

Estimated 


beneficiaries 

1 Sector reform/WASMO Govt of Gujarat Water tank, Havada pump 

2003-04 1 320 

houhe - Pipe-line 



4 PDY Govt of Gujarat Housing 2009-10 1 29 

5 GGY 

Govt. Of 


Village internal road 2007-08 1 

All the 

villagers 


7 SAY 

Govt. Of 


8 Hariyali CRD 

Dolatpar 

SI 

no 



Sponsoring 

agency 


Housing 

Desert Area Development 



2006-07 1 2 

2003-04 1 240 


commencement 

Villages 

covered 

Estimated 


beneficiaries 

Bore Well - Pipe-line 2001-02 1 110 




5 TSC 

Central Govt. 

Sanitation 2008-09 1 25 


DWDU, Rajkot 

SI 

no 

Sanathali 



Sponsoring 

agency 




commencement 

Villages 

covered 

Estimated 


beneficiaries 

1 Sector reform/WASMO Govt of Gujarat Water tank, Havada Bore 

2003-04 1 425 

Well - Pipe-line 




5 SAY 

Govt. Of 


Housing 

2005-06 1 3 


7 GGY 

Govt. Of 


Village internal road 2007-08 1 

All the 

villagers 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programme in the project area: 

SI Project Year 

n o name start 

ed 

1 D.D.P - 

07 

2 D.D.P - 

08 

3 D.D.P - 

09 

2001 

- 

2002 

2002 

- 

2003 

2003 

- 

2004 


villages 

No. Of 

micro 

watershe 

d 

Watershe 

d codes 

Area 

under 

treatmen 

t 

(ha) 

Fundin 

g 

source 

Kanpar 1 5G1B9c1b 500 GOI & 

GOG 

Junapiply 

a 

1 5G1B9d1f 500 GOI & 

GOG 

Jivapar 3 5G1B9d2a 

5G1B9c1g 

500 Govt. & 

GOG 

Nodal 

agenc 

y 

DWDU 

Rajkot 

DWDU 

Rajkot 

DWDU 

Rajkot 

PIA 

Total 

cost 

Expenditu 

re 

incurred 

up to start 

of IWMP 

% 

financial 

completio 

n 

SWAD 30.00 30.00 100 100 

SWAD 30.00 30.00 100 100 

Taluka 

p. 

Jasadan 

30.00 30.00 100 100 

% physical 

completio 

n 

4 D.D.P - 

11 

5 D.D.P - 

10 

2005 

- 

2006 

2004 

- 

2005 

Dolatpar 3 5G1B9a1e, 

5G1B9a1h 

Sanathali 2 5G1B9a1g, 

5G1B9a1f 

500 GOI & 

GOG 

500 GOI & 

GOG 

DWDU 

Rajkot 

DWDU 

Rajkot 

T.P. 

Jasadan 30.00 30.00 100 100 

T.P. 

Jasadan 22.50 22.50 75 75 


DWDU, Rajkot 

CHAPTER - 2 

PROJECT IMPLEMENTING AGENCY 


DWDU, Rajkot 

2.1 Project Implementing Agency 

The Project Implementing Agency (PIA) is being selected by an appropriate mechanism by State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA). PIAs 

would be responsible for implementation of watershed project. These PIAs may include relevant line departments, autonomous 

organizations under State/ Central Governments, Government Institutes/ Research bodies, Intermediate Panchayats, Voluntary 

Organizations (VOs).The PIA of IWMP-11 watershed Project is District watershed development Unit, Rajkot. 

2.2 About District Watershed Development Unit, Rajkot. 

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives: 

The District Watershed Development Unit (DWDU), Rajkot is a district level nodal agency and was established on 12th June 2008 

under constitution of Para 30 of new guideline, to oversee for the smooth implementation of watershed projects in the district. The 

District Development Officer (DDO) is the chairman of the DWDU. The DWDU have dedicated and experience staffs comprising one 

Project Director (deputation from Gujarat Forest Department), a Technical Expert and multidisciplinary team of civil engineer, 

agriculture expert, community mobilization expert, computer operator, MIS coordinator, system analyst and executive assistant. 

The DWDU Rajkot has its own rented office near Junction plot 5, Prakash Niketan. 

The functions of DWDU: 

a) Take up the over all responsibility of facilitating preparation of strategic and annual action plans for watershed development 

projects in the district. 

b) Providing professional and technical support to Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs) in planning and execution of watershed 

development projects. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

c) Develop action plans for capacity building with close involvement of resource organizations to execute the capacity building 

action plans. 

d) Carry out regular monitoring, evaluation and learning. 

e) Ensure smooth flow of funds to watershed development projects. 

f) Ensure timely submission of required documents to SLNA/Nodel Agency of the Department at central level. 

g) Facilitate and co-ordination with relevant programmes of agriculture, horticulture, rural development, animal husbandry, etc 

with watershed development and convergence plans for enhancement of productivity and livelihoods interventions for asset less 

persons. 

h) Integrate and co-ordinate watershed development projects/plans into district plans of the district planning committees. 

i) Establish and maintain the District Level Date Cell and link it to the State Level and National Level Data Centre. 

Moreover, the DWDU, Rajkot is working as a PIA for three IWMP projects. 

2.2.2 Programmes/projects running in the district 

At present 21 IWMP projects have been sanctioned by Government of India for the Rajkot district. The entry point activities of all 

the 6 IWMP-10-11 projects have identified by the PIAs in the district. Rajkot Normal Forest Division as PIA for the four projects 

(IWMP-4, 5, 7 & 8), Rajkot Social Forest division as PIA for two (IWMP-1 & 6) projects and DWDU-self is as PIA for the three 

projects (IWMP-2, 3 & 9) for 2009-10 and IWMP 10-15 (6 projects) for the year 2010 & 11 . 

Apart from running nineteen IWMP projects, total 748 pre-Hariyali & Hariyali projects (DDP & IWDP) has been sanctioned and out 

of that 348 projects are completed and 400 projects are still running in the district. DWDU Rajkot is also monitoring a central 

government sponsored scheme on "Artificial Recharge of Groundwater through Dug wells" in the district which is spread over nine 

talukas. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

2.3 SWOT Analysis of the DWDU 

Strength: 

(1) Dedicated and experience staffs and multidisciplinary team 

(2) Independent District Level Nodal Agency. 

(3) Strong linkages with national and state level institutions, agricultural universities, Sa 

urastra University, KVK and NGOs for capacity building and technical guidance 

(4) Scientific planning in watershed projects with the help of BISAG, Gandhinagar 

(5) District level monitoring, coordination Committee 

(6) Well establishment of PRIs for social audits for transparency and accountability. 

Weakness: 

(1) Insufficient funds to complete watershed projects per hectare. 

(2) Permanent staff is less in numbers. 

(3) No permanent office building. 

Opportunities: 

(1) Sustainable livelihood generation for landless and asset less persons. 

(2) Improvement of socio-economic status of poor. 

(3) Awareness generation among the beneficiaries through information, education and communication activities. 

(4) Reduction in migration rate. 

(5) Usage of new technologies of watershed modeling and GPS for monitoring of watershed activities. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Threats: 

(1) Shallow soil depth that make difficult for horticultural plants in fields. 

(2) Lack of sustainable agricultural development package. 

(3) Lack of voluntary contribution and cooperation from local peoples. 

(4) One of the foreseen challenges was "to overcome vested interests (including party politics, village factions) at village level and 

to reach out to the poorest in the watersheds" 

Table no. 6: PIA 

SI. No. Name of project Details of PIA 

Type of organization 

District Level Nodal Agency 

1 IWMP-11 

Name of Organisation 

DWDU, Rajkot 

Designation and Address 

Project Director .DWDU, Rajkot 

Telephone 0281-2454682 

Fax 0281-2453684 

E-mail 

rajdwdu@gmail.com 

Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level: 

SI 

Name Age Sex Designation Qualification Experience Job assigned Monthly 

no 

remuneration 

1 Mr A.H Gadhvi 51 M PIA & Project GFS 30 Project 

53000 

Director 

Management 

2 Mr. S.Pradhan 27 M Nodal Officer M.Tech.(SWCE) 4.1 Monitoring & 33600 

3 Mr Manoj Ramanuj 45 M WDT (Engg.) Diploma in C.E 5.7 Engg aspects 12000 

4 Mr Suresh Makvana 27 M WDT (Ag.) B.R.S 2.6 Agricultural 8000 

works 

5 Ms Toliya Rekha 23 F WDT (CO.) LLB, MSW 2 Community 

Mobilisation 

8000 


DWDU, Rajkot 

CHAPTER - 3 

Basic Information of Project Area 


DWDU, Rajkot 

3.1. Geography and Geo-hydrology 

3.1.1 Land use pattern: 

The net geographical area of cluster watershed is about 8486.90 ha out of which 1.18 %is forest area, which is 100.2 ha. About 

7256.2 ha or 85 % of land is under agriculture out of which 5875.88ha is rain fed, mainly a Kharif crop is taken. About 7.85 percent 

of land is cultivable wasteland and 5.46 percent is non cultivable wasteland. 

Table no. 8: Land use pattern: 

S. No. 

Names of 

villages 

Geographical 

Area of the 

village 

Forest 

Area 

(ha) 

Land under 

agricultural use 

Rainfed 

area 

(ha) 

Permanent Wasteland 

Pastures Cultivable Noncultivable 

1 Kanpar 1586.6 0 1337.4 941.30 0 6.4 242.8 

2 Junapiplya 1258.5 0 1024.4 870.74 0 229.4 4.7 

3 Jivapar 1523.1 87.0 1296.1 1002.50 0 103.3 36.7 

4 Dolatpar 803.5 0 582.1 497.40 0 57.4 164.0 

5 Sanathali 3315.2 13.2 3016.2 2563.94 0 270.1 15.7 

Total 8486.9 100.2 7256.2 5875.88 0 666.6 463.9 

3.1.2 Soil and topography 

Nearly 82 % of the geographical are is comprised of shallow to medium deep black cotton soils having depth upto 0.6-0.75 mt top 

soil. Rest 18 % is either sandy loam or moorum soil. The soil is slightly reddish to very brown in surface colour. By large soils are 

well drained with moderate water holding capacity. From sustainable development perspectives, what is alarming the steady 

decline in the soil quality due to sheet erosion. There has a considerable reduction in the application of farm yard manure resulting 

in reduced in moisture retention capacity and porosity in the soils. Generally the organic carbon content too is very low. Lack of 

water conservation measures at the field and at the community level has led to the acceleration of environmental degradation. The 


DWDU, Rajkot 

increasing dependency on external input has increased the vulnerability of agriculture such that even small stresses and 

fluctuations in the environment lead to instability and threatens farming livelihoods. The topography of the area is moderate 

ranging from 0-10 % slope. 

Table no. 9: Soil type and topography 

S. No. Name of the Agro-climatic Area in ha Name of village Major soil types Topography 

a)Type 

b] Area in ha 

1 

2 

3 

North Saurashtra 

1586.6 Kanpar Black cotton and 

red murrom 

Junapiplya Black cotton, red 

1258.5 

murrom and 

sandy clayloam 

1523.1 

Jivapar 

Black cotton and 

red murrom, 

1337.4 

1024.4 

1296.1 

Flat to moderate 

slope 


slope 


slope 

4 

5 

803.5 

3315.2 

Dolatpar 

Sanathali 


sandy loam, 

sandy clay loam 


sandy loam, 

muroom 

582.1 

3016.2 


slope 


slope 

Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition 

SI no Village Flood (Incidence) Drought (Incidence) 

1 Kanpar Nil Once in 3 Years 

2 Junapiplya Once in 2 years Once in 4 Years 

3 Jivapar Once in 3 years Once in 3 Years 

4 Dolatpar Once in 1 years Once in 4 Years 

5 Sanathali 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 11: Soil Erosion 

Cause Type of erosion Area affected (ha) Run off (mm/ year] Average soil loss 

(Tonnes/ ha/ year) 

Water erosion 

A Sheet 1258.05 500 150.96 

B Rill 1677.34 550 419.34 

C Gully 5451.36 475 1907.97 

D Ravenous - - 

Sub-Total 8386.5 2478.27 

Wind erosion - - 

Total 8386.5 2478.27 

Table no. 11.1: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress) 

Name of the Village Survey Number Soil pH 

Kanpar 

Junapiplya 

Jivapar 

Dolatpar 

Sanathali 

NA 

Type of Salinity 

(Inherent/Ingress) 

Table: 12. Climatic Conditions (Last six years annual rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature of Jasdan taluka ) 

SI. No. Year Rainfall (in mm) 

Temperature (°C) 

Max. 

Min. 

1 2005 624 43 7 

2 

3 

2006 

2007 

896 

900 

45 

44 

6.5 

7.5 

4 2008 698 43 7.5 

5 2009 354 46 6 

6 2010 550 42 10 


DWDU, Rajkot 

The project area is completely dependent on rainfall. The rainfall is scanty which has resulted in recurrent phenomenon of drought 

two to three years. The average rainfall of this area is about 750 mm. The area faces continual crop failure that comes on whenever 

there is a shortfall in the total quantum of rain. However, even more serious are the gaps in rain even in years when the total 

rainfall is considered normal. These gaps at crucial periods in the crop growth cycle can prove fatal for the crop. However, through 

careful water harvesting, in-situ moisture conservation and a drought-proofing strategy of dryland agriculture, these gaps can 

easily be plugged and the crops saved. 

3.1.3 Slope 

The slope of the watershed was calculated based on topographic elevation (contours and spot height) from satellite maps and 

provided by BISAG, Gandhinagar. These maps will help in recommendation/implementation of suitable land management 

practices in association of other thematic information. 

Table no. 13: Physiography and relief 

Project name Elevation Slope range (%) Major streams 

Kanpar 0-15 meters 0-5% Kanapriyo,Kharavokli 

,Ajavalivokli,Bhadvavokli, 

Junapiplya 0-10 meters 0-6% Sarjuvokli, Morliyovokli,Kharivokli, 

Kadakdharvokli,pativokli 

Jivapar 0-12 meters 0-5% Karnuki,Motivokli,Hadiyanivokli,Patani 

vokli, Kharinivokli 

Dolatpar 0-10 meters 0-5% Bhagdo,Dokamardavokli,Derivokli,bha 

Dvokli, Bhugriyatvokli 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Sanathali 0-10 meters 0-5% Bhangvokli, Bhadar, Parmariyo, Vokli 

3.2 Land and Agriculture 

The average land holding is 1.99 ha. The total net sown area is 5921.8 ha where in more than 4846.08 ha, 2 times farming is done 

in the watershed villages. The main crops under agriculture are cotton, groundnut, wheat, cumin, garlic, pulses and fodder grass. 

Some of the farmers take up rainfed castor if the rains are good. Now a days farmers has started growing vegetables on small 

patches of lands in Jivapar (Rabi) season for which water is fetched from the earthen dams through canal. The land conservation 

measures such as earthen bunds and farm bunds in the area will help them to take up a rabi crop of gram or cumin in the residual 

moisture. Since last 3-4 yrs Bt. cotton farming taking place at a higher rate. 

Table no. 14: Land ownership details 

Sl 

no 

Village 

Total owned land 

Gen OBC SC ST 

HHs giving 

land on lease 

HHs taking 

land on 

lease 

1 Kanpar 500 103 15 0 0 0 

2 Junapiplya 300 27 8 0 0 0 

3 Jivapar 535 15 6 0 0 0 

4 Dolatpar 375 42 3 0 0 0 

5 Sanathali 1640 56 7 0 0 0 

Total 3350 243 39 0 0 0 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 15: Agriculture 

Sl no Village Net sown area (ha) 

One time Two times Three times 

1 Kanpar 115 521.08 100 

2 Junapiplya 235 892.32 40 

3 Jivapar 115 902.68 70 

4 Dolatpar 57 315 28 

5 Sanathali 200.2 2215 115 

Total 722.2 4846.08 353 


DWDU, Rajkot 

3.2.1 Irrigation 

The irrigated area is 1141 ha, which is 15.72 % of the total agricultural area of the village. Main source of irrigation is from 

previously constructed pond, check dams ponds or wells/tubes. A few farmers of Juna Pipliya and Jivapar get irrigation to their 

field by check dams and from earthen dams which were previously constructed by different departments. Farmers of all the cluster 

villages get water for irrigation from the previously constructed check dams in Hariyali scheme. 

Table no. 16: Irrigation 

SI 

no 

Village 

Source 1 : Canal Source 2 : Pond/Earthen dam Source 3 : Check dam 

Availability Net area Gross area Availability Net area Gross Availability Net area 

months 

months (Ha) area months (Ha) 

(Ha) 

1 Kanpar - - - 5 115 185 3 84 97 

2 Junapiplya - - - 6 168 190 4 78 250 

3 Jivapar 6 325 532 3 25 73 3 36 95 

4 Dolatpar - - - 6 110 130 4 86 135 

Sanathali 2.5 75 115 3 75 110 

3 Total - 325 532 493 693 17 359 687 

Gross 

area 

(Ha) 

Crop details and Productivity: The productivity is low not because that the land is unproductive or the farmer's lack the 

skills to managing their crop but it is due to lack of source of irrigation, salty water and scarcity of rain. 

The cluster villages come under draught prone zone. So farmers grow crop according to the rainfall. If they get good rainfall 

they generally grow high value crops as discussed above. In case of low rainfall they go for cotton, castor, pearl millet. So we can say that 

monsoon decides cropping patterns of the project villages. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 17: Crop details 

Sl 

no 

Village 

Kharif (Monsoon) 

Crop 1 Cotton Kg/Ha Crop 2 Groundnut 

Crop 

3 

Pulses Kg/Ha 

Area Production Productivity Area Production Productivity Area Production Productivity 

1 Kanpar 521.08 839981 1612 528 593509 1123 288 211680 735 

2 Junapiplya 892.32 1274054 1428 99 109467 1106 33 23793 721 

3 Jivapar 902.68 1264673 1401 380 485876 1279 13.84 10629 768 

4 Dolatpar 315 424305 1347 230 287546 1250 37.1 26527 715 

5 Sanathali 2215 2932660 1324 601 658095 1095 200.2 142542 712 

Sl 

no 

Village 

Rabi (Winter) 

Crop 

Crop 

Crop 

Wheat Kg/Ha 

Jiru Kg/Ha 

1 

2 

3 

Garlic/Fodder Kg/Ha 

Area Production Productivity Area Production Productivity Area Production Productivity 

1 Kanpar 752.6 1810281.5 2405 369.8 369800 1000 100 345000 3450 

2 Junapiplya 334 738123.3 2210 160 156960 981 40 142400 3560 

3 Jivapar 596.1 1431832.2 2402 130 128050 985 70 266000 3800 

4 Dolatpar 212 376350.88 1775 85 73355 863 28 95900 3425 

5 Sanathali 1700 2975408 1750 140 125300 895 115 328325 2855 

Reasons of Low productivity of various crops 

Over a period of time by continuous usage of fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides, there is deterioration in the quality of soil 

particularly reduction of carbon content and increase of salinity. One of the reasons ascribed to low response of bio-fertilizers 

in dry lands is their low status of soil organic matter. Rejuvenation of soil characteristics is an important area to tackle, with 

specific emphasis on recovery of its nutritional value. More thrust need to be given on adopting methods such as multicropping, 

rotation of crops and organic farming. Organic farming, nutrient management continues to be a focal issue in dry 


DWDU, Rajkot 

lands as the fertilizer use is not likely to pick up significantly unless water supply is assured. Soil fertility in dry lands can be 

sustained only through maintenance of organic matter and achieving better fertilizer-use efficiency through integration of 

moisture-conservation practices along with soil-fertility management. 

Quality of Seeds: Good quality seed, fertilizer and pesticide are important factor in agriculture productivity. The use of good quality 

leads to higher land productivity. In project villages, however, there are two limitations in the use of fertilizer. First these 

fertilizers are most useful in irrigated condition. The agricultural land of the cluster villages however totally depend on rainfall. 

In villages mostly farmers use nitrogenous fertilizers especially urea. This has resulted in disproportionate use of fertilizer 

depleting the quality of land. 

Traditional farming methods and less water conservation structures: This is the factor that leads low productivity. There is 

lot of ignorance about the use of new farming methods and technologies such as multiple cropping. Due to no farm bunding 

and less water conservation structures sheet and rill erosion is prominent and top soil eroded along with fertilizers. 

Erratic/Low rainfall: The Villagers mainly depend on monsoon. Water is essential input in agriculture. Due to the absence of proper 

 

irrigation facility, 100% of the total cultivated area depends on the uncertain monsoon. Therefore the success or failure of the 

monsoon determines the success or failure of agriculture production. The rains, as a source of irrigation, are unreliable due to 

two factors; 

Untimely Rainfall: The rains are sometimes received when the crops are ready for harvesting. The ready crop may be ruined due 

to untimely rain. 

Inadequate Rainfall: The dependence on the uncertain rainfall is a factor that contributes to low productivity of land. 

Lack of Rural Credit: Farmers face so many problems for rural credit and it leads to low agricultural productivity. Farmers need 

credit mainly for the purchase of various inputs such as seed, fertilizers, and pesticides and for repair of implements. They use 

long term credit for buying land, and for investment to improve the quality of land, buying the new implements and improving 

irrigation facilities. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

3.3 Livestock 

The cluster villages have total of 901 cows and 1558 number of buffaloes out of which majority are of local breed, there are 1232 

bullock, 643 goats 719 sheep and 423 animals in others category. Due to less surface water availability, the fodder and pasture 

area for their animals has decreased. This leads to migration to other parts of the state with their herds of goats and sheep. 

Table no. 18: Livestock 

SI Village Buffalo Cow Total Milk Goat 

no 

(Buffalo+Cow] 

Sheep Bullock Hen Others 

No Milk No Milk No Milk 

1 Kanpar 136 46920 75 11812.5 58732.5 107 2087 110 197 27 

2 Junapiplya 144 43200 139 22935 66135 92 1794 81 438 184 

3 Jivapar 299 116610 236 46020 162630 80 1560 75 173 188 

4 Dolatpar 19 5985 21 3937.5 9922.5 19 371 3 44 15 

5 Sanathali 960 282240 430 80625 362865 345 6727.5 450 380 9 

Total 1558 494955 901 165330 660285 643 12539.5 719 1232 423 

Table no. 19: Drinking water 

SI no Village Ground water table (mt) Source of drinking water Availability in months Quality 

1 

2 

Kanpar 15-20 mt 

SSNL Pipe connection 12 (once in 2 Dayssummer) 

2 Junapiplya SSNL Pipe connection 12 (once in 2 Days)- 

summer 

3 Jivapar SSNL Pipe connection 12 (once in 2 Days)- Good 

4 Dolatpar SSNL Pipe connection 12 (once in Days)- Good 

5 Sanathali 

SSNL Pipe connection 12 (once in Days)- Good 

Good 

Good 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources 

S. 

No. 

1 

Names 

of 

project 

IWMP- 

11 

CPR 

Particulars 

Total Area (ha) 

Area owned/ In possession of 

Govt. 

Any other 

Pvt. persons (specify PRI (Pl. 

deptt.) 

Specify) 

Wasteland/ degraded 

land 

10.7 5 

Pastures 225.1 45 

Orchards 

Forest 100.2 

Village Ponds 8 

Check dams 118 

Canal 

Community Buildings 5 

Weekly Markets 

Permanent markets 

Temples/ Places of 

worship 

12 

Area available for treatment (ha) 

Pvt. 

persons 

Govt. 

(specify 

deptt.) 

PRI 

Any other 

(Pl. 

Specify) 

3.5 Socio-Economic Profile 

3.5.1 Demographic Status: Cluster villages have total family of 2425 numbers. There are 12829 persons in the project villages 

(From the door to door survey report), out of which 6338 male and 6491 female members. The sex ratio is 999 females to 1000 

males. The average family size is 5.3 percent. Four major caste systems prevail in the village namely: Patel, Darbar, Rabari and 

Harijans. Around 9.27 % of the population of the cluster villges belongs to SC families. Majority of population is involved in 

agriculture and animal husbandry. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 21: Demographic information 

SI no Village Population SC ST 

Total Male Female Total Male Female % Total Male Female % 

1 Kanpar 1973 1001 972 289 149 140 15 0 - - 

2 Junapipalya 1606 794 812 114 58 56 7 9 5 4 0.56 

3 Jivapar 2298 1163 1135 190 100 90 8 64 32 32 2.78 

4 Dolatpar 1047 562 485 91 46 45 9 1 1 0 0.09 

5 Sanathali 5905 2895 3010 506 259 247 9 0 - - 

6 Total 12829 6415 6414 1190 612 578 9.27 74 38 36 0.57 

Table no. 22: Literacy rate 

SI no Village 

Literacy 

Literacy % above Literacy % 

Total % Male % Female % age 14 

below age 14 

1 Kanpar 1095 55.50 629 57.44 466 42.56 84 16 

2 Junapiplya 881 54.86 466 52.89 415 47.11 89 11 

3 Jivapar 1341 58.36 775 57.79 566 42.21 92 8 

4 Dolatpar 560 53.49 286 51.07 244 43.57 84 16 

5 Sanathali 3646 61.74 1939 53.18 1707 46.82 94 6 

5 Total 7523 58.64 4095 54.43 3398 45.17 88.6 11.4 

3.5.2 Migration Pattern: The declining yield and product, steady erosion of soil fertility and diminishing returns to the 

farmers and almost zero investment on land development has set in motion a dynamic problem of degradation. Many small and 

marginal seek alternate livelihood means and work as wage labour in nearby areas. Low rainfall results in very little fodder 

availability in the locality. On account of agriculture and animal husbandry providing only part time employment for some part 

of the year, the people migrate for a better half of the year for wage labour. Migrate to nearby cities like Surat and parts of 

Suarashtra as daily wages agricultural labours and factory workers. Lack of fodder availability and grazing land for smaller 


DWDU, Rajkot 

ruminant also forces these farmers to migrate to other places. 

Table no. 23: Migration details 

SI no Village Total Migration 

Migration by months 

population Total Male Female Up to 3 

months 

3-6 months More than 6 

months 

Main reason 

for migration 

Income during 

migration / 

month 

1 Kanpar 1973 58 35 23 - 25 33 

Better Rs 4200 

2 Junapiplya 1606 35 23 12 - 12 23 

opportunities /month 

3 Jivapar 2298 109 65 44 - 75 34 

4 Dolatpar 1047 49 34 15 - 21 28 

and income 

5 Sanathali 5905 182 109 73 - 65 117 

Total 12829 433 266 167 - 198 235 

Table no. 24: Poverty 

SI no Village Total Household 

BPL 

%of BPLHH 

Total Land less HH % of land less HH 

0-16 17-20 Total 

1 Kanpar 425 126 219 335 78% 127 30% 

2 Junapiplya 251 65 125 190 75% 87 34% 

3 Jivapar 351 8 119 127 36% 105 30% 

4 Dolatpar 180 13 33 46 25% 45 25% 

5 Sanathali 1218 74 156 230 17.90% 485 40% 

Total 2425 286 652 928 45% 849 32% 

3.5.3 Infrastructure facilities 

All watershed villages are well connected with Jasdan taluka with pucca roads. Each village has electricity connectivity under 

Jyotigram Yojana of the State Government. Nearly 90 per cent of households in the villages have their personal electric meters. The 

villages have primary school with all facilities like two personal computers. For middle and higher secondary education, the 

students have to go to Jasdan and gondal 25-40 kilometres away the villages. The villagers depend upon Sanathali primary health 


DWDU, Rajkot 

centre for health problems. Each village comes under their individual Gram Panchayat with Panchayat office at their own village. 

Table no. 25: Village infrastructure 

SI Village Pucca Schools 

Colleges Post Office Banks 

no 

road to LP UP HS (Number) (Distance) (Number) Distance Milk Milk Other Any other 

from collection cooperative cooperatives institution 

the 

nearest centre (Number) /CBIs 

village 

(Y/N) 

market 

yard 

(Number) 

(Number) 

1 Kanpar Y Y Y N N Y 6 KM 28 KM 1 1 - - 

2 Junapiplya Y Y Y N N 5 KM 5 KM 22 KM - 1 - - 

3 Jivapar Y Y Y N N Y 1 NO 20 KM 1 1 - - 

4 Dolatpar Y Y Y N N 5 KM 5 KM 30 KM - 1 - - 

5 Sanathali Y Y Y Y N Y 2 NO 25 KM 2 1 - - 

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets 

SI 

no 

Village 

HHs with 

electricity 

HHs with 

safety 

latrines 

HHs with phones HHs with vehicle 

Landline Mobile 2 -wheeler 4- 

wheeler 

HHs with 

TV set 

HHs with 

cooking 

gas 

HHs with 

Drinking 

water 

1 Kanpar 425 250 15 410 210 60 380 115 390 110 

2 Junapiplya 251 130 8 230 180 45 215 90 230 115 

3 Jivapar 351 230 12 335 209 75 335 160 345 160 

4 Dolatpar 180 80 2 160 105 20 115 60 159 30 

5 Sanathali 1218 689 40 1185 860 260 802 615 1080 604 

Total 2425 1379 77 2320 1564 460 1847 1040 2204 1019 

HHs 

with 

freedge 

3.5.4 Livelihood pattern: The villagers earn their livelihood from animal husbandry and agriculture, and during lean seasons 

they go as daily wage labourers in thresher industries, as masons, diamond polishing and in handicraft unit at Jasdan taluka. 

Another major occupation of the people is business and service and working in ginning & oil mills and diamond polishing 


DWDU, Rajkot 

industries. 

Table no. 27: Per capita Income 

SI no Village Agriculture Animal husbandry Casual labour Others(Services& Total 

Business) 

1 Kanpar 39703161 463800 2450000 3885450 46502411 

2 Junapiplya 41713917 1411180 2814500 3109500 49049097 

3 Jivapar 63849232 976230 5150200 2253800 72229462 

4 Dolatpar 26507103 2112000 3713000 2073000 34405103 

5 Sanathali 

82535515 10560000 13565000 13365000 

120025515 

Total 254308928 15523210 27692700 24686750 322211588 

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR 

Benefit type 

Benefit type 1 Benefit type 2 

Sl no Village 

2 

% sells Income % sells Income % sells Income 

1 Kanpar NA 

2 Junapiplya NA 

3 Jivapar NA 

4 Dolatpar NA 

5 Sanathali NA 

Total 

income 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) 

Animal 

Sl 

Total 

Village 

Agriculture husbandry 

no 

workforce 

(AH) 

Agriculture 

+ AH 

Agriculture/ 

Casual 

labour 

Services 

Handicraft/ 

Business 

1 Kanpar 

1032 481 53 208 107 12 18 153 

2 Junapiplya 886 466 32 139 104 8 3 134 

3 Jivapar 657 112 215 149 32 7 178 657 

4 Dolatpar 587 327 22 133 8 31 66 

5 Sanathali 2921 2241 205 71 240 22 54 88 

Total 6083 3627 527 700 491 49 284 1098 

Others 


DWDU, Rajkot 

CHAPTER - 4 

WATERSHED ACTIVITIES 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Watershed Activities 

Watershed management as a strategy has been adopted by Government of India especially in the rainfed regions of semiarid 

tropics. These regions are characterized by low and undepependable rain, low soil fertility, poor infrastructure development, 

comparatively low literacy and medium incidence of migration. The inheritant low fertility of crops results in lower productivity of 

crops which have a very low biological efficiency. 

Several studies have identified that there is a dire need of a systematic and scientific approach to deal with watershed 

development. The common guidelines generate a fresh and flexible framework for the next generation watershed development. 

4.1. Scientific Planning: 

a) Cluster Approach 

This envisages a broader vision of Geo-hydrological unit which involves treating a cluster of micro-watershed. The project 

consists of nine micro-watersheds namely 5G1B9c1b, 5G1B9d1f, 5G1B9d2a, 5G1B9d2b, 5G1B9c1g, 5G1B9a1e, 5G1B9a1f, 

5G1B9a1h, 5G1B9a1g as their respective codes. 

b) Use of GIS and Remote sensing for planning 

Remote sensing and GIS plays an important role in the study of natural resources and helps in planning water resources 

development. One of the greatest advantages of using remote sensing data for hydrological investigations and monitoring is its 

ability to generate information in spatial and temporal domain, which is very crucial for successful analysis, prediction and 

validation Use of various high science tools has been promoted at various stages of watershed development. 

i) Prioritization 

Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used for prioritization process. Various layer maps were created like Geomorphological, 

Soil, BPL Population, SC/ST population, Ground water Status, Drinking water situation and slope percent. These were 

all given proper weightage according to the DoLR specification. This helped in prioritization of various watershed areas. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

ii) Planning 

A action plan matrix has been formulated by State Level Nodal Agency(SLNA) taking into account various features like the slope 

percent, soil Depth, Soil Texture, Soil erosion in the area for wasteland, forest land and agricultural land. 

Global positioning System (GPS) was used to identify each and every water conservation structures available in the project area. 

This will be used to create a map. Contour Map of vertical interval of 1 meter at a scale of 1:8000 was used for identifying various 

location specific for soil and water conservation structures. 

iii) Hydrological modelling 

Hydrology modelling technique has been used for locating drainage, stream length, flow direction, sink, and flow accumulation. This 

model overlaid over cadastral map hel to calculate the catchment area of each structures like the check dam with the help of 

contour map provided by BISAG and physical survey on site. This has helped to remove the human error which generally occurring 

while calculating the catchment area of a check dam. 

c) Base line Survey 

i) Socio-Economic Survey 

The primary data was generated through questionnaire surveys in all the villages. The questionnaire was structured so as to derive 

the information related to the objectives set forth. Mostly talked to 

• Head of the families 

• Mostly females (between 65% and 70%) 

• Mostly younger adults (Age group : 25 – 44) 

• High School education 

• Sarpanch and Talati of respective Gram Panchayats. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

I.E. C activities 

Field to field survey 


DWDU, Rajkot 

PRA Exercise 

PRA Exercise 


DWDU, Rajkot 

• Farmers, Agricultural labours, Diamond polishing workers, handicraft unit workers, electric drum making units and 

workers of thresher units. 

• Cattle Breeders 

• Landless labour 

The questionnaire was divided into nine modules through which information is extracted pertaining to 

1. Village details 

2. Population details 

3. Water supply details 

4. Water source details 

5. Questions about community engagement 

6. Questions about Livelihood 

7. Awareness about Specific programme: Watershed 

8. Desire to do more activities related to occupation 

9. Productivity of farms 

ii) Bio-physical Survey: Field to field survey was also carried out in the farms, community land, pasture land and land under Gram 

Panchayat. It also includes the soil profiles, number of wells in the area, crop taken in the field, cropping pattern, fertilizer used and 

various sources of irrigation in the field. The details of agriculture as well as pasture lands of the village where the existing 

condition and structures to be proposed, were written down. Almost all the farmers of the village were there to support the survey 

team. The purpose of the survey was also to understand water availability, patterns of water use and peoples’ understanding & 

perceptions about both surface and groundwater resources in this area. Agreements will be done on the basis of such detailed 


DWDU, Rajkot 

work for water judicious water sharing and repair and maintenance of structures. This survey also looked at the pattern of surface 

and groundwater use and the basic understanding of farmers regarding groundwater recharge and discharge. This understanding 

was expected to help in improved planning for any watershed programme and to develop longer-term protocols of groundwater 

management in respective areas. 

iii) Village level survey for secondary data collection: Whole Village information in a separate sheet was collected. The 

secondary data was obtained through Census reports (2001). Data pertaining to social profile is also collected through Census 

reports. Secondary data related to different kinds of capital assets were collected from different departments of Government 

agencies such as Revenue Office, Primary Health Center, District Rural development Agency initiative-SGSY Programme office, 

working on poverty alleviation, Village Panchyat and development societies etc. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects 

S. 

No. 

Scientific criteria/ inputs used 

Whether scientific criteria 

was used 

(A) Planning 

Cluster approach 

Yes 

Whether technical back-stopping for the project has been arranged? If yes, mention the 

name of the Institute 

Yes 

Baseline survey 

Yes 

Hydro-geological survey 

No 

Contour mapping 

Yes 

Participatory Net Planning (PNP) 

Yes 

Remote sensing data-especially soil/ crop/ run-off cover 

Yes 

Ridge to Valley treatment 

Yes 

Online IT connectivity between 

Yes 

(1) Project and DRDA cell/ZP Yes 

(2) DRDA and SLNA Yes 

(3) SLNA and DoLR Yes 

Availability of GIS layers 

Yes 

1. Cadastral map Yes 

2. Village boundaries Yes 

3. Drainage Yes 

4. Soil (Soil nutrient status) Yes 

5. Land use Yes 

6. Ground water status Yes 

7. Watershed boundaries Yes 

8. Activity Yes 

Crop simulation models # 

Integrated coupled analyzer/ near infrared visible spectroscopy/ medium spectroscopy 

for high speed soil nutrient analysis 

Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)# 

Weather Station 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Yes 

(B) Inputs 

Yes 

1. Bio-pesticides Yes 

2. Organic manures Yes 

3. Vermicompost Yes 

4. Bio-fertilizer Yes 

5. Water saving devices Yes 

6. Mechanized tools/ implements Yes 

7. Bio-fencing Yes 

8. Nutrient budgeting No 

9. Automatic water level recorders & sediment samplers No 

d) Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) 

In order to understand the social, economic and political aspect of all the villages of the cluster, we conducted Participatory 

Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercise with the help of the villagers on 02/09/11 in Kanpar, 01/07/11 in Juna pipilya, 8/7/11 in 

Jivapar,12/7/11 in dolatpar and 02/08/11 in Sanathali . It was really a useful tool to appreciate the village in its totality. We had the 

opportunity to interact with more than 300 numbers of people in Sanathali and 110 peple in Juna Pipilya village. To reach a 

concrete conclusion it was requested to few villagers for focussed discussion and it was entertained. As per their convenience 

focussed group discussion was conducted at the high school in Sanathali and in primary school in Dolatpar. In majority of the 

discussion, we listened to them carefully and tried to appreciate the discussion. Output generated through these exercise is placed 

below. 

(i) Resource Map: - Through resource map we came to know about all the residential pattern of village, community pasture 

land, farm areas, about the river etc. It also gave us a fair idea about the pasture land, other land distribution pattern and different 

resources of the village. 

(ii) Social Map: - After this exercise we came to know the approximate location of different institution of the village. During 

this exercise we also had informal discussions with the participants about the importance of these institutions. Important location 


DWDU, Rajkot 

pointed out during this exercise was Community Centre, Panchayat Bhavan, temple, Primary School etc. We cross checked all the 

location. 

(iii) Seasonal Diagram:- With this exercise we came to know about the major engagements of villagers across the twelve 

months of the year. We found that rain fed agriculture and animal husbandry keep them busy at least for seven to eight months of 

the year. About drinking water they informed that, situation in the month of March to June is really difficult as they get water once 

in three days. 

(iv) Tree matrix:- We came to know about different trees of the villages and their respective utilities as fruit, fuel, fodder, 

medicine , timber etc. Major trees pointed out by villagers under this exercise were Pipal, Neem, Bor, Lemon, Banyan and Pipara 

etc. Taking into consideration all the utilities it was found that the tree having maximum utility is Chiku and lemon. 

(v) Crop Pattern:- Agriculture is the primary source of liveihood for more than 70% household . After this exercise we came to 

know that there are two major cropping pattern Kharif and partially in Rabbi. Under Kharif cotton, ground nut and fodder crops 

and in rabi, major crops grown are wheat, cumin, gram and vegetables. 

(vi) Income-Expenditure Pot: - Under this exercise we came to know about the different sources of income of villagers and 

how the money earned by the villagers is being spent under different heads. It was found that major source of earning among 

villagers are farming, dairy, service etc. Major expenditure component were food, fuel, fodder, schooling of children, medicines, 

festivals, relatives, and paan etc. 

One focussed group discussion was organised to understand the status of different Self help Group operating in the village. This 

discussion concentrated around the activities of SHG, terms and conditions of membership, working pattern of different SHG and 

their role in the development of society etc 

Another curiosity in our mind was about the political institution of the village. Apart from different institution discussion 

was concentrated about gram panchayat issue. Here the major discussion point was participation of women and deprived section 

of the society in the decision making process, their representation in the panchayat. How the panchayat facilitates the process of 


DWDU, Rajkot 

development and poverty alleviation. In this process its relation with different institution of village like dispensary, Aanganwari 

Kendra, Primary School and High school was also discussed. 

The whole purpose was to identify the employment opportunities available during the different seasons in a year, income, 

expenditure, crisis management, daily activities and time allotted to each activity, the leisure time of men and women, and market 

network for agricultural produce etc. In the gender analysis, an attempt was made to find out the gendered division of labour, the 

status of women in relation to the right to use, to own and sell different household properties, the means of production of the 

household, and the role and participation of women in decision-making at intra household and community levels. 

To identify different problems faced by villagers a separate focussed discussion was carried out. The villagers were grouped in to 

different types as shown below to know all the details of the village in a stipulated time. 

Small and marginal farmers 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Large farmers 

Landless farmers 

Women 

Gram Panchayat members 

Cattle grazing population 

Business man and women 

Problems Identification 

After analysis the information collected during PRA exercise, the main problems identified as 

Poor fertility of soil and low agricultural productivity 


DWDU, Rajkot 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Soil Erosion from farm land 

Improper Crop Rotation 

Less use of bio-fertilizers 

Almost negligible cultivation of arid fruits 

Less cultivation of vegetables 

Low milk production 

No use of vermi compost 

Lack of value addition practices 

Less availability of fodder 

Drinking Water 

Market (No nearby) 

Migration 

Sanitation Problems 

Less Nutritional Level 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Sr. No. 


PRA Activity / 

FGD 

Table no.31: Details of PRA Activities conducted in the project area 

Date 

Number of 

people 

present 

1 Kanpar 22 th Dec 112 

Lessons learnt / Understanding of the problem/situation 

Soil Erosion from farm land, No use of vermi compost, Less availability of 

fodder, Soil Erosion from farm land, Chemical pollutants collected from 

farm unit, Low milk productivity and drinking water problem in summer 

and less water conservation structures. 

20 th 

2 Juna Pipilya Decembe 80 

r 

3 Jivapar 23 rd Dec 60 

4 Dolatpar 23 rd Dec 38 

5 Sanathali 21th Dec 153 


fodder, Soil Erosion from farm land, Stream bank erosion, lack of road 

from farm to farm and farm to village ,Road submergence in rainy season 

and drinking water problem in summer 


fodder, Soil Erosion from farm land, Low water table, ,lack of road from 

farm to farm and farm to village, road submergence in rainy season and 

drinking water problem in summer 


fodder, Low milk production and drinking water problem in summer 


fodder, Chemical pollutants collected from farm unit, Stream bank 

erosion and drinking water problem in summer 


DWDU, Rajkot 

4.2. Institution Building 

i)Watershed Committee (WC) 

This is the general body of the residents constituted by Gram sabha of the watershed as well as farmers who own land within the 

watershed area registered under society Registration Act 1860. The Gram sabha meeting was held on 02/09/11 in Kanpar, 

01/07/11 in Juna pipilya, 8/7/11 in Jivapar, 12/7/11 in Dolatpar and 02/08/11 in Sanathali where the watershed committee was 

formed taking in to account all caste, women representation and Gram panchayat members. Both President and Secretary of WC 

were selected after the first Watershed Committee meeting was held. The secretary will be a paid functionary of the watershed 

committee.The Watershed Committee with the help of the Watershed Development Team (WDT) shall facilitate resource-use 

agreements among the user groups based on the principle of equity and sustainability. Capacity building training to the watershed 

committee and village level institutions will be provided by WDT member. The watershed committee has a pivotal during various 

processes like the PRA and overall planning of various points. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 32.1: Watershed Committee details (Kanpar) 

Date of Name 

Registration 

Sl. Names of 

as a Society 

No. WC 

(dd/mm/ 

yyyy) 

1 

Watershed 

committee 

Kanpar 

Maganbhai 

Valajibhai 

Ujiya 

Atulpari 

Vajupari 

Gosai 

Nitaben 

Babubhai 

Chauhan 

Saralaben 

Maganbhai 

Ujiya 

Champaben 

Pragajibhai 

Ujiya 

Anuben 

Hareshbhai 

Vagh 

Sarojben 

Arvindbhai 

Sayaja 

Kacharabhai 

Chhaganbhai 

Kadavani 

UG SHG GP 

Designation M/F SC ST SF MF LF Landless 

Educational 

qualification 

Function/s 

assigned# 

President M Y Y 7 D 

Secretary M Y Y BA C 

Member F Y Y 5 A 

Member F Y Y 7 B 

Member F Y Y 5 I 

Member F Y Y Y 7 I-G 


Member M Y Y 5 F-B-E 

Najabhai 

Karasanbhai Member M Y Y 10 B-H 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Chavada 

Arajanbhai 

Jasabhai 

Vagh 

Chandubhai 

Babubhai 

Kadavani 

Ramanuj 

Manojbhai 

N. 

Member M Y Y Y 7 E-G 

Member M Y Y 10 B 

WDT M - - - - DCE Overall 

Table no. 32.2: Watershed Committee details (Junapiplya) 

Sl. 

No. 

1 


WC 

Watershed 

committee, 

Junapiplya 

Date of 

Registration 

as a Society 

(dd/mm/ 

yyyy) 

Name 

Rameshbhai 

Ramajibhai 

Sakariya 

Manojbhai 

Anakbhai 

Jebaliya 

Bhikhabhai 

Raghavbhai 

Vachhani 

Anakbhai 

Champabhai 

Jebaliya 

Arunaben 

UG SHG GP 


Educational 

qualification 

Function/s 

assigned# 


Secretary M BA C 

Member M Y Y 7 A 




DWDU, Rajkot 

Rameshbhai 

Pandya 

Lalajibhai 

Keshabhai 

Parsana 

Vilasben 

Jentibhai 

Parasana 

Dayaben 

Bhimajibhai 

Matiya 

Jadavbhai 

Bavabhai 

Nathani 

Jayaben 

Devabhai 

Solanki 

Vasantben 

Lalajibhai 

Kachhadiya 

Nitaben 

Karasanbhai 

Solanki 

Member M Y Y 8 

Member F Y Y 6 I-G 



Member F Y Y Y 8 B-H 

Member F Y Y 9 E-G 

Member 

F Y Y Y 4 B 

Viththalbhai 

Member 

Gokalbhai 

M Y Y 2 

Trapasiya 

Rekhaben 

Member 

Dalasukhbhai 

F Y Y 10 

Vaghela 

Baghabhai Member M Y Y 11 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Sl. 

No. 

Ravatbhai 

Dhandhal 

Jadavbhai 

Bavabhai 

Nathani 

Ramanuj 

Manojbhai N. 

Member 

Member 

Table no. 32.3: Watershed Committee details (Jivapar ) 


Registration 


as a Society 

WC 

(dd/mm/ 

yyyy) 

1 

Watershed 

committee, 

Jivapar 

Kishorbhai 

Gandubhai 

Bodar 

Anilbhai 

Hansarajbhai 

Tadhani 

Rameshbhai 

Hasamukhbhai 

Bodar 

Jayashriben 

Hasamukhbhai 

Mungala 

Manishaben 

Yogeshbhai 

Dodiya 

Bhagavanbhai 

Bachubhai 

Bodar 

Kanchanben 

M Y Y 6 

M DCE 

UG SHG GP 


Educational 

qualification 

Detailed Project Report: IWMP-11 61 

Function/s 

assigned# 

President M Y Y 11 D 

Secretary M Y BC0M C 

Member M Y Y Y 10 A 

Member F Y Y 7 B 

Member F Y Y 11 I 

Member M Y Y 5 I-G 

Member F Y Y 10 I

DWDU, Rajkot 

Kishorbhai 

Mungara 

Arvindbhai 

Palajibhai 

Dafad 

Nayanaben 

Manubhai 

Sathaliya 

Kantaben 

Rameshbhai 

Savaliya 

Devabhai 

Jethabhai 

Ratadiya 

Nimuben 

Nagajibhai 

Vaghasiya 

Manjuben 

Sureshbhai 

Damasiya 

Labhubhai 

Pragajibhai 

dholariya 

Pravinbhai 

Karsanbhai 

Bodar 

Babubhai 

Dudabhai 

Bodar 

Sureshbhai K. 

Makavana 

Member M Y Y Y Y 7 F-B-E 

Member F Y Y 8 B-H 




Member F Y Y 8 J 



Member M Y Y 

WDT M Y BRS Over all 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 32.4: Watershed Committee details (Dolatpar) 


Registration 

Sl. Names of 

as a Society 

No. WC 

(dd/mm/ 

yyyy) 

Watershed 

committee, 

Dolatpar 

Jitubhai 

vibhabhai 

Segaliya 

Manojbhai 

Ratabhai 

Sondarva 

Nitaben 

Narshibhai 

Sondarva 

Mukeshbhai 

Jinabhai 

Jogani 

Jethabhai 

Chakabhai 

Sondarva 

Joshanaben 

Bhupatbhai 

Bhakhodiya 

Ratuben 

Baghabhai 

Dhrangiya 

Kishorbhai 

Hansarajbhai 

Bhuva 

UG SHG GP 


Educational 

qualification 

Function/s 

assigned# 


Secretary M Y Y Y 10 C 

Member F Y Y Y 3 A 


Member M Y Y Y 5 I 

Member F Y Y 7 I-G 

Member F Y Y - I 


Vibhabhai 

Kanabhai Member M Y Y - B-H 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Segaliya 

Vajiben 

Gopalbhai 

Kakadiya 

Jivatiben 

Vithalbhai 

Ramani 

Vithalbhai 

Chhaganbhai 

Bhakhodiya 

Sureshbhai 

K. Makavana 


Member F Y Y - B 


Member M Y BRS 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 32.5: Watershed Committee details (Sanathali) 

Sl. 

No. 


WC 

Watershed 

committee, 

Sanathali 

Date of 

Registration 

as a Society 

(dd/mm/ 

yyyy) 

Name 

Hasamukhbhai 

Vallabhbhai 

Dhaduk 

Dipakbhai 

Vithalbhai 

Sorathiya 

Champaben 

Chhaganbhai 

Vora 

Pratapbhai 

Govindbhai 

Vekariya 

Baghabhai 

Rajabhai 

Makavana 

Divaliben 

Dehabhai 

Vaniya 

Mamaiyabhai 

Somabhai 

Janpada 

Ramaben 

Ashvinbhai 

Dabhi 

UG SHG GP 


Educational 

qualification 

Function/s 

assigned# 


Secretary M BA C 


Member M Y Y 1 11 B 

Member M Y Y Y 2 I 

Member F Y Y Y - I-G 

Member M Y Y 3 I 

Member F Y Y 8 F-B-E 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Ramanikbhai 

Nathabhai 

Gondaliya 

Bharatbhai 

Hirajibhai 

Kachchhi 

Vikrambhai 

Banubhai 

Saravaiya 

Vithalbhai 

Gagandasbhai 

Dhaduk 

Hareshbhai 

Kanjibhai 

Kachchhi 

Jagabhai 

Khimajibhai 

Siroya 

Hansaben 

Bhimajibhai 

Rupareliya 

Vasantben 

Ashokbhai 

Gajera 

Varshaben 

Hasubhai 

Vekariya 

Gitaben 

Sureshbhai 

Vekariya 

Ramanuj 

Manojbhai N. 

Member M Y Y 12 B-H 

Member M Y Y 10 E-G 





Member F Y Y 5 



Member F Y Y - 

Member M DCE 


DWDU, Rajkot 

# Functions Assigned, as below 

A. PNP and PRA B. Planning 

C. Maintenance of Accounts D. Signing of cheques and making payments 

E. Supervision of construction activities F. Cost Estimation 

G. Verification & Measurement H. Record of labour employed 

I. Social Audit J. Any other (please specify). 

ii) Self Help Group 

We believe that the full potential of our watershed work can only be raised if it is supplemented by a microfinance 

programme. This is essential if we are to ensure long-term livelihood security to the poor. We are also convinced 

that no microfinance programme can be successful until it is tied up with livelihood programmes such as 

agriculture, dairying, marketing and enterprise development etc. Thus microfinance and livelihood programmes 

are complementary to each other and their simultaneous implementation is the key to poverty alleviation. 

Incomes rose through livelihood initiatives need to be saved. Of these, women are the best custodians. Self Help 

Group is motivated, Small homogenous group organized together through highly successful of credit and thrift activities. These 

savings must be reinvested in livelihood options that in turn raise incomes, setting up various cycles. Generally self 

help group includes landless and marginal sized farm women, BPL household, SC/ST women. 

SHG initiative in watershed villages is being organized by having a focused group discussion between various homogenous 

communities of women based on their livelihood separately. With a view point of different problems related to rural credit, it 

was planned to organize these women into a group consisting of 10 to 13 in each groups and it was also proposed to have groups. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 33.1: SHG detail Kanpar 

S. No. With 

only 

Men 

Total no. of registered SHGs 

With only 

Women 

With 

both 

1 4 5 1 10 

No. of members 

No. of SC/ST in each 

category 

No. of BPL in each 

category 

Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total 

(i) Landless 20 20 40 10 10 20 10 10 20 

(ii) SF 25 35 60 15 25 40 

(iii) MF 

(iv) LF 

Total 4 5 1 10 45 55 100 10 10 20 25 35 60 

Table no. 33.2: SHG detail Junapippliya 

S. No. With 

only 

Men 


With only 

Women 

With 

both 

1 2 4 1 7 



category 


category 


(i) Landless 20 20 40 10 10 20 10 10 20 

(ii) SF 10 20 30 

(iii) MF 

(iv) LF 

Total 2 4 1 7 30 40 70 10 10 20 10 10 20 

Table no. 33.3: SHG detail Jivapar 

No. of SC/ST in each No. of BPL in each 



S. No. 

category 

category 

With With only With Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total 


DWDU, Rajkot 

only 

Men 

Women 

both 

1 3 5 1 9 

(i) Landless 10 50 60 10 10 20 10 30 40 

(ii) SF 10 10 20 

(iii) MF 10 10 

(iv) LF 

Total 3 5 1 9 20 70 90 10 10 20 10 30 40 

Table no. 33.4: SHG detail Dolatpar 

S. No. With 

only 

Men 


With only 

Women 

With 

both 

1 1 1 1 3 



category 


category 


(i) Landless 10 10 20 5 5 10 5 5 10 

(ii) SF 5 5 10 

(iii) MF 

(iv) LF 

Total 1 1 1 3 15 15 30 5 5 10 5 5 10 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 33.5: SHG detail Sanathali 

S. No. With 

only 

Men 


With only 

Women 

With 

both 

1 8 12 6 26 



category 


category 


(i) Landless 60 90 150 20 30 50 40 60 100 

(ii) SF 40 40 80 

(iii) MF 10 20 30 

(iv) LF 

Total 8 12 6 26 110 150 260 20 30 50 40 60 100 


DWDU, Rajkot 

iii) User Group: 

These are homogeneous groups of persons having landholding within the watershed area. They are normally formed to manage 

an activity or asset on a long term basis. The user group collects user charges from their members. Some of the points which 

were considered while forming a user group were: 

1) In case of a check dam all the beneficiaries of the individual check dam were involved as user group members. 

2) In case of Fodder bank all the individual beneficiaries of animal husbandry are considered as potential members. 

3) Khadi based cottage industry, Papad making user groups for micro enterprise activities 

4) Membership was on voluntary and democratic. 

Focused group discussion was conducted to between the user groups to discuss the above conditions and to select potential 

members. It was advocated that each group to formulate certain internal rules and have a feeling of ownership with community 

spirit. 

Table No. 34: The following types of groups were planned to be formed 

S. No Name of User Group (land based) Major Task 

1 Fuel and fodder Group Development of Pasture land 

2 Farm pond/Percolation tank user Group Equitable sharing of resources 

3 Farm bund and Check Dam Group Equitable sharing of resources 

4 Fodder bank Group 

5 Nursery Group 

Ensure fodder security in village 

Development of community land for fodder development 

Timely supply of enriched fodder at a affordable price. 

Maintenance of nursery plot 

Ensure Timely supply of seedling for afforestation. 

S. No Name of other Groups (except land based) Major Task 

1 Micro-enterprise developing group Ensuring livelihood opportunities, reducing distress migration 

2 Animal Husbandry Group Bringing of new AH technology, Management of New Cattle and their 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 34. 1: UG detail Kanpar 

S. No, 

Total no. of UGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each 

category 


category 

Men Women Both Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total 

(i) Landless 20 30 50 10 10 20 5 5 10 

1 

32 10 10 52 

(ii) SF 210 70 280 10 10 40 20 60 

(iii) MF 110 30 140 

(iv) LF 30 20 

50 

Total 32 10 10 52 370 150 520 20 10 30 45 25 70 

Table no. 34. 2: UG detail Junapipilya 

S. No, 

Total no. of UGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each 

category 


category 


(i) Landless 20 20 40 5 5 10 5 5 10 

1 

42 10 4 56 

(ii) SF 240 60 300 25 5 30 30 - 30 

(iii) MF 130 30 160 

(iv) LF 50 10 

60 

Total 42 10 4 56 440 120 560 30 10 40 35 5 40 

Table no. 34. 3: UG detail Jivapar 

S. No, Total no. of UGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each 

category 


category 


DWDU, Rajkot 


(i) Landless 20 - 20 10 - 10 10 - 10 

1 

35 11 4 50 

(ii) SF 210 60 270 20 10 30 60 20 80 

(iii) MF 120 50 170 

(iv) LF 50 20 

70 

Total 35 11 4 50 370 130 500 30 10 40 70 20 90 

Table no. 34. 4: UG detail Dolatpar 

S. No, 

Total no. of UGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each No. of BPL in each 

category 

category 


(i) Landless 10 10 20 5 5 10 10 - 10 

1 

10 6 4 20 

(ii) SF 80 40 120 10 - 10 30 10 40 

(iii) MF 20 20 40 

(iv) LF 10 10 

20 

Total 10 6 4 20 120 80 200 15 5 20 40 10 50 

Table no. 34. 5: UG detail Sanathali 

S. No, 

Total no. of UGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each No. of BPL in each 

category 

category 



DWDU, Rajkot 

1 

90 43 30 163 

(i) Landless 50 20 70 10 5 15 20 5 25 

(ii) SF 680 340 1020 5 5 10 80 30 110 

(iii) MF 300 180 480 - - - - - - 

(iv) LF 20 40 

60 

- - - - -- -- 

Total 90 43 30 163 1050 580 1630 15 10 25 100 35 135 


DWDU, Rajkot 

4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP-11 

4.3.1: Activities to be undertaken under EPA 

EPA activities are certain important works which are in urgent demand of the local community. This helps in establishment of 

credibility of watershed Development Team (WDT). It also acts as a rapport building activity of the village community. A group 

Discussion was conducted with watershed Development Committee regarding the EPA activity, it was conveyed to the amount of 

Rs. 6.52 lakh in Kanpar, 4.55 lakh in Juna pipaliya, 6.13 lakh in Jivapar, 1.82 lakh in Dolatpar and 16.89 lakh for Sanathali was 

allotted for EPA activity, which is 4 per cent of total allocated budget. The villagers discussed various activities which they felt is 

important but after a brief discussion it was conveyed to them that only those activities can taken, which revive the common 

natural resources and common benefits . 

Table No. 35: Entry Point Activities (EPA): Some of the major activities proposed in Kanpar are: 


Villages 

Kanpar 

Details of activity Amount earmarked for EPA Estimated Cost ( In 

lakhs) 

Pipeline near plot area 6.52 Lakhs 

0.735 

Snanghat 1.255 

Pond deepening 0.995 

Causeway 2.929 

Animal camp 0.300 

Drinking water Well reparing 0.306 

Total 

6.52 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No. 35.1: Some of the major activities proposed in Juna Pipaliya are: 


Villages 

Juna 

Pipaliya 


lakhs) 

Causeway 4.551 

2.953 

Washing ghat near Bharwad mohalla 0.994 


Otta 0.280 

Total 

4.527 

Table No. 35.2: Some of the major activities proposed in Jivapar are: 


Villages 

Jivapar 


lakhs) 

Water tank in village 6.13 Lakhs 

1.400 

Water tank in school 0.980 

Causeway cum checkdam repairing 2.984 


Otta 0.506 

Total 

6.13 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No. 35.3: Some of the major activities proposed in Dolatpar are: 


Villages 

Dolatpar 


lakhs) 

Animal camp 

1.82 

0.138 

Causeway cum check dam near Water tank 1.682 

Total 

1.82 

Table No. 35.4: Some of the major activities proposed in Sanathali are: 


Villages 

Sanathali 


lakhs) 

Roofing in Havada near well 16.89 

1.108 

Causeway near Aanganwadi 0.829 

Washing ghat near old well 0.504 

Open Gutter 0.828 

Causeway near Bekariya temple 2.953 

Causeway near substation 1.703 

Roofing in havada near plot area 1.055 

Drinking water facility in high school 0.98 


Bus stop repairing near SC Mohalla 0.249 

Old pond deepening 0.905 

Underground Gutter in Gamtal 2.955 

Checkdam repairing 1.581 

Pump house 0.730 

Total 

16.89 


DWDU, Rajkot 

4.3.2. Watershed Development Works: 

Watershed development works is to be done during implementation phase of watershed. Treatments begin from the highest point of the 

watershed and move progressively downwards (ridge to valley), starting with the smallest stream and culminating in the main river of 

the watershed. Work is location-specific, varying according to slope and geology as also the size of the stream being treated. The aim is to 

weave interventions into the contours of nature, not to seek mastery over it. A net budget of 50 percent is allotted for this work. 

4.3.2.1 Ridge Area Treatment Plans 

In a watershed, the slopes falling from the ridge to the beginning of the plains are called ridge area. It is very important to treat the 

higher reaches of the ridge has this is where the major water resources originate. This involves mainly highly and forest region in the 

watershed. Various watershed managing structures should be build to arrest the erosion and degradation of forest with grasses in 

upper ridges. 

a. Contour Bund/trench 

b. Boulder Checks 

c. Gabions 4. Grass seedling/planatation 

a. Contour Bunds/Trench 

Contour bund/trenches are a simple, low-cost method of checking the velocity of runoff in the ridge area of any watershed. A 

contour trench is a trench dug along a contour line. A contour line is an imaginary line that joins together points of the same 

elevation. Digging a trench along a line that is at the same level increases the chances of containing runoff for a longer period of 

time within the trench. If bunds/trenches were not to follow a contour, such digging could actually increase the possibility of soil 

erosion because there would be a rise in the velocity of runoff following upon an increase in the slope of the land. In the ridge area 


DWDU, Rajkot 

of a watershed a contour bund/trench is a simple and inexpensive solution to slowing down surface runoff and reducing soil 

erosion. 

Objectives 

1) Slowing down the velocity of runoff 

2) Checking soil erosion 

3) Improving local soil moisture profile 

Contour bunds/trenches are constructed in the ridge area of a watershed. Rainwater, which falls in this area flow unchecked 

carrying with it eroded soil into the flatter portion of the watershed - the "valley". This silt gets deposited into reservoirs and 

ponds, reducing their life. Thus, any water harvesting work undertaken in the valley will become meaningless unless appropriate 

measures such as contour trenching are undertaken to control runoff and soil erosion in the ridge. Contour trenches collect the 

rainwater that falls in the ridge area. This way the soil moisture profile in the area adjacent to the trench is improved. 

b. Boulder Checks /Loose Boulder checks 

Boulder checks or gully plugs are loose rock dams made on small drainage lines or seasonal streams which have a catchment area 

of less than 50 ha. It is adopted where the water velocity is high and where basically stone available with in radius of 100-150 m from 

the site. The main aim of constructing loose boulder checks is to reduce the velocity of water flowing through the drainage line. By reducing 

the velocity of runoff, boulder checks help in: 

1. Reducing soil erosion; 

2. Trapping silt which slows the rate of siltation in water harvesting structures in the lower reaches of the watershed. 

3. Creating a hydraulic head locally which enhances infiltration of surface runoff into the groundwater system; and 

4. Increasing the duration of flow in the drainage line. Therefore, the capacity of the water harvesting structures created downstream on the 

drainage line is utilized more fully as they get many more refills. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

c. Gabions 

Gabion structures are rock and wire dams constructed across drainage lines with a catchment area of 50-500 ha. They are also 

constructed to reinforce highly erodible stream embankments. The main aim of constructing gabion structures is to reduce the velocity 

of water flowing through the drainage line. By reducing the velocity of runoff, gabion structures help in 

1. Reduction in soil erosion 

2. Trapping silt, which reduces the rate of siltation in water harvesting structures in the lower reaches of the watershed. 

3. Increasing recharge of groundwater 

4. Increasing the duration of flow in the drainage line. Therefore, the capacity of the water harvesting structures created 

downstream on the drainage line is utilized more fully as they get many more refills. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

4.3.2.2 Drainage line Treatment and water harvesting for land development: 

The second tier treatment is the slope treatment. This is generally agricultural land or waste lands. These are generally water 

conservation or surface water storage structures. Following structures has been proposed in the project villages. 

a. Check dams/Causeway cum check dams 

b. Waste Weir 

a. Check dams 

Check dams are constructed across small streams having gentle slope, the selected should have sufficient thickness of permeable 

bed or weathered formation to facilitate recharge of stored water within short span of time. The surface water stored in these 

structures is mostly confined to stream course and the height is normally less than 2m and excess water is allowed to flow over 

the wall in order to avoid scouring from excess runoff water cushions are provided at downstream side. To harness the maximum 

run off in the stream series of such check dams are to be constructed to have recharge on regional scale in project villages. 

b. Waste weirs 

These are constructed for giving a safe passage to the excess runoff from the field and also store some amount of water in the 

field. The water stored in these structures is mostly confined in field and height is normally less than 1 mt. and excess water is 

allowed to flow over the wall. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

4.3.2.3 Plains or Flat level/Field level: 

1. Farm pond 

2. Irrigation/Percolation tank 

3. Farm bund 

4. Afforestation 

1) Farm Pond: 

There is very little qualitative difference between a pond/ tank, which usually serves the population of a village, and farm pond, 

which serves an individual agricultural field. Farms ponds greatly vary in size depending upon the rainfall. These have only a few 

meters of length and width and are built across the flow path of natural drainage channels. Surplus water from one pond spills over 

to a lower pond. In some cases a series of farm ponds are built on one single stream. Each pond caters to the irrigation needs of one 

farm and also augments ground water recharge. 

2) Irrigation/Percolation tank 

a) Irrigation Dam: Such dams can be constructed to meet two different kinds of demands. 

of storing water during the rainy season to be used for irrigation in the post-monsoon period. 

of providing protective irrigation during dry spells within the rainy season. Most parts of India typically receive 

rainfall between June and September, very intensely within a few hours and a few days. The number of rainy days 

does not average more than 40-50. Moreover, rains are extremely erratic, often characterised by late onset and early 

withdrawal. Prolonged dry spells during the rainy season, resulting in agricultural droughts, are also frequent. 

Hence, the kharif crop needs to be drought-proofed through 'protective' irrigation, applied to overcome 


DWDU, Rajkot 

accumulated soil moisture deficits within the rainy season. Such structures are especially important in areas which 

are poor in groundwater resources and which do not have access to canal irrigation. Such areas form about half of 

India's agricultural area. 

b). Percolation Tank: Percolation dams are constructed for recharging groundwater. Such structures are usually made on the 

upper part of the catchment area. Water stored here percolates to wells and tube wells located in the lower part of the catchment. 

Such dams can also be made in the immediate upstream portion of wells and tube wells. Depending on the capacity of the dam and 

duration of water storage, the dam can have secondary benefits (such as pisciculture) that are vital for the livelihood security of 

marginal farmers and landless labourers. 

3) Farm bund 

Farm bunds are constructed on agricultural land with the aim of arresting soil erosion and improving the soil moisture profile. 

Ideally, bunds on farms should be made on the contour line. But this creates several problems for farmers. Contour bunds 

divide the field into irregular sections. In such a situation, it becomes inconvenient to maneuver bullocks for operations such 

as ploughing and line-sowing. 

4. Afforestation: Emphasis is placed on maximizing the use of available land and resources with high yield tree species. Trees can 

either be of similar species or mixed in a manner that will result in a stand or forest. Depending on the climate, geographical layout 

of the area and the soil conditions, trees that have the greatest growth potential are selected like Babool, Neem, Sesame and 

Ailanthus. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.36: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Kanpar 

S. 

No. 

Type of treatment 

Type of land 

Executing 

agency 

Target 

(ii) 

(iii) 

Name of structures (iii) (i) 

(i) UG 

(i) Ridge Drainage 

(ii) Others 

Land dev Private 

(iii) WC 

(ii)SHG 

area (R) line 

Community (pl. 

(L) 

(D) 

specify) 

Boulder checks UG/WC 20 1.60 

Gabion structure UG/WC 2 1.50 

Waste weir L P UG/WC 77 8.47 

Farm bunding L P UG/WC 20000 8.00 

Nala Plug 10 1.50 

Afforestation L P C WC 2 2.5 

Gramvatika L C WC 1 1.60 

Estimated cost 

Expected 

No. of units 

(No./ (Rs. in lakh) 

month & year 

of completion 

cu.m./ rmt) M W O T (mm/yyyy) 

Total: 25.17 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 36.i: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Junapipaliya 

Executing 



agency 

S. 

No. 

Target 

(ii) 

(iii) 


(i) UG 


(ii) Others 


(iii) WC 

(ii)SHG 

area (R) line 


(L) 

(D) 

specify) 

Boulder checks R C WC 25 2.00 

Gabion structure R C WC 1 1.25 



Farm bunding Con 


Expected 



month & year 



(MGNREGA) 

Line Dept 1000 0.5 

Gramvatika L C WC 1 1.5 

Afforestation L P WC/UG 2 2.5 

Total: 16.75 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 36.ii: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Jivapar 

Executing 



agency 

S. 

No. 

Target 

(ii) 

(iii) 


(i) UG 


(ii) Others 


(iii) WC 

(ii)SHG 

area (R) line 


(L) 

(D) 

specify) 

Boulder checks 35 2.8 

Gabion structure 2 1.4 




Expected 



month & year 



Flood protection 

wall 

P UG 85 1.36 

Drainage channel L P UG 4500 3.5 

Afforestation L P UG 1.2 2.0 

Total: 22.26 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 36.iii: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: Dolatpar 

S. 

No. 



Executing 

agency 

Target 

(ii) 

(iii) 


(i) UG 


(ii) Others 


(iii) WC 

(ii)SHG 

area (R) line 


(L) 

(D) 

specify) 

Boulder checks L P C 5 0.40 

Waste weir L P UG/WC 11 1.65 


Farm bunding Con 

(NREGA) 


Expected 



month & year 



2000 1.0 

Total:4.05 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 36.iv: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: Sanathali 

S. 

No. 

Name of structures 


(ii) 

(i) RidgeDrainage 

area (R) line 

(D) 

(iii) 

Land dev 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 


(iii) 

(ii) Others 


specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

(iii) WC 

Target 


Expected 



month & year 


cu.m./ rmt) MWO T (mm/yyyy) 

Continuous Contour 

Bund/Trench 

R C WC 3000 3.00 

Boulder Checks P C UG/WC 80 6.5 

Flood Protetion wall L C WC 500 12.0 

Gabion structure D C WC 5 3.5 



Drainage Channel L P UG 15000 8.0 

Gramvatika C WC 1 2.0 

Afforestation/Plantation L P C WC/UG 25ha 27.91 

Total: 103.11 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No 36.a: Technical Details of Earthen Contour Bund/Trench 

Earthen Contour Bund/Trench 

Particulars Unit Value 

Top width 0.3 

U/S Slope 1: 1.5 

D/S Slope 1: 1.5 

Max. height 0.75 

Length of contour Bund/Trench per ha. per row 100 

Spacing of two Contour Bunds 10 

No. of Rows per Ha. 1000.0 

Area of cross section of Contour Bund 1.06875 

Qty. of earthwork in contour bund 1068.75 

Rate For E/W in Soft soil 41.00 

Total cost of contour bund per meter. 44 

Table No 36.b: Technical Details of Boulder checks 

Chainage Height Area of X-Section 

Average .area of x- 

Section Length Quantity 

0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

2 0.65 1.49 0.74 2 1.49 

4 0.84 2.36 1.92 2 3.85 

5 1.00 3.25 2.81 1 2.81 

6.5 0.83 2.31 2.78 1.5 4.17 

7 0.00 0.00 1.15 0.5 0.58 

Total 7 12.89 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Cost Estimate For Boulder Check 

Particulars Unit Value Rate 

Total Length Mt 7 

Max. height Mt 1 

U/S Slope 1: 2.5 

D/S Slope 1: 3 

Top Width Mt 0.5 

Quantity of Boulder Check Cum 12.89 

Add15% for Keying & Exit weir Cum 1.93 

Total quantity of Boulder Cum 14.82 600 

Unit Cost of Boulder Check Rs 8892 


DWDU, Rajkot 

L -Section of Boulder Check-2 

Height 

0.4 

0.2 

0 

-0.2 

-0.4 

-0.6 

-0.8 

-1 

-1.2 

0 

0 

0 2 4 6 8 

Series1 

-0.65 

Series2 

-0.84 

-0.83 

-1 

Distance 

Distances 

4 

3 

2 

1 

0 

-1 

-2 

-3 

-4 

1.875 

Plan of Boulder check-2 

0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 

-0.25 

-0.25 -0.25 -0.25 -0.25 -0.25 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 

-2.2 

-2.77 

-2.74 

-3.25 

2.35 

Chainage 

2.75 

2.325 

Cross Section of Boulder Check 

Height 

1.2 

1 

0.8 

0.6 

0.4 

0.2 

0 

U/S 

1:1 

D/S 1:3 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 

Distance 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No 36.c: Technical Details of Gabion structures 

Dimension for Construction & Costing of Gabion Structure 

S. no Particulars Measurement Unit 

1 Length of Head Wall 6.0 Meter 

2 Height of Head Wall 1.0 Meter 

3 Top Width of Head Wall 1.0 Meter 

4 Bottom Width of Head Wall 2.0 Meter 

5 Width of Apron 2.0 Meter 

6 Thickness of Apron 0.6 Meter 

7 Length of Side Wall 4.0 Meter 

8 Height of Side Wall 2.0 Meter 

9 Thickness of Side Wall 1.0 Meter 

10 Length of Key Wall 6.0 Meter 

11 Total Length of Structure 20.0 Meter 

12 Steps (V:H) 0.5 :1 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Quantity & Cost Estimation of Gabion Structure 

S.no Particular No. Length Width H/D/T Quantity Unit Rate Amount 

1 Excavation 

1.1 Below head wall and for Apron in H.S. 1 8.0 4.0 0.6 19.2 

1.2 For Key in H.S. 2 6.0 1.0 1.25 15.0 

Total Excavation 34.2 Cum. 41.00 1402.2 

2 Construction 

2.1 Head Wall 1 6.0 1.5 1.0 9 

2.2 Below head wall and for Apron in H.S. 1 8 4.0 0.6 19.2 

2.3 Key Wall 2 6.0 1.0 1.25 15.0 

2.4 Side Wall 2 4.0 1 1.5 12 

55.2 Cum. 1225.00 67620 

Total Cost 69022 

Grand Total 69069.35 

Cost Estimation say 69100.00 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No-36 .d: Technical Details of Afforestation Activities 

Particulars Value Unit 

Crop Name 

Ailanthus 

Plant To Plant Spacing 8.00 Mt 

Row to Row Spacing 8.00 Mt 

Pit Length 1.00 Mt 

Pit Width 1.00 Mt 

Pit Depth 1.00 Mt 

No. of Plants 156 Nos. 

Plantation Area 10.00 Ha. 

No. of Plants for ha 1,560 Nos. 

Gap Filling 20 % 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Cost Estimation for afforestation activity 

S. No. Description No. Lengt 

h(m.) Width Depth Unit Quantity Rate Amount 

(m.) (m.) 

1 Digging of pits for plants in Ordinary murum 1,560 1 1 1 Cum 1,560.00 10 15600 

2 Plants saplings for plantation in Govt. pasture area, 

sapling not less than 30 cm. height 

1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 10 15600 

3 Transportation of plants from nursery to camp site upto 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 1 1560 

4 Loading and unloading of plants 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 1 1560 

5 Rehandling of plants from camp site to actual planting 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 1 1560 

site upto 20Omt. 

6 Cost of fertiliser & insecticides incl. application 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 10 15600 

7 Weeding and Hoeing two times (Twice in year] 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 2 3120 

Total 54600 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No 36.e: Technical Details/Estimates of Farm Bund 

Estimate of cost : Farm Bunding 


Top width 0.6 Mt 

U/S Slope 1: 1 

D/S Slope 1: 1 

Max. height 0.75 Mt 

Bottom Width 2.1 Mt. 

Area of cross section of Farm Bund 1.0125 Sq mt 

Qty. of earthwork of Farm bund /Meter 1.0125 Cumec 

Rate /cumec 41.00 Rs. 

Total cost of Farmbunding per mt. 41.41 RS 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No 36.f: Technical Details of Farm Pond 


Pond Length 15.00 Mt. 

Pond Width 10.00 Mt. 

Pond Depth 1.80 Mt. 

Side Slope 2 : 1 

Pond Top Area 204 Sq. mt 

Pond bottom area 104 Sq mt. 

Quantity 270 Cum 

Cost/cum in soft soil 41 Rs 

Total cost 11070 Rs 

Table no 36.g. Technical details of Irrigation/Percolation Tank 

Particulars 

Value 

Structure Length 50 Mt. 

Structure Breadth 50 Mt. 

Structure Height 2.00 Mt. 

Top Cross sectional area 2500 Sq Mt. 

Tank bottom cross sectional area 2500 Sq Mt. 

Excavation in soft soil 5000 Cumec 

Rate of Excavation 41 Rs. 

Total cost of tank according to dimension 205000 Rs 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no 36.h: Technical details & Cost Estimation of Waste weir 

Quantity & Cost Estimation of waste weir 


1 Excavation 

1.1 Body Wall 1 4.00 0.45 0.45 0.81 

1.2 Appron 1 4.00 1.00 0.45 1.80 

1.3 Abutment 2 2.00 0.45 0.45 0.81 

Total Excavation 3.42 Cum. 41.00 140.22 

2 U C R Masonary 

2.1 Bodywall 1 4.00 0.45 0.45 0.81 

2.2 Appon 1 4.00 1.00 0.45 1.80 

2.3 Abutment 2 2.00 0.45 0.45 0.81 

2.4 Body Wall 1 4.00 0.45 0.45 0.81 

2.5 Abutment 2 2.00 0.45 0.75 1.35 

Total U C R masonary 5.58 Cum. 1330.00 7441.40 

3 1:2:4 

3.1 L.S. 1.00 4.00 0.45 0.10 0.18 

3.2 R.S. 2.00 2.00 0.45 0.10 0.18 

0.36 Cum. 2420.00 871.20 

4 Plaster 

4.1 1.00 4.00 0.40 1.60 

4.2 1.00 4.00 0.40 1.60 

4.3 1 4.00 0.45 1.80 

4.4 1.00 4.00 0.45 1.80 

4.5 4.00 1.00 0.60 2.40 

4.6 2 0.45 0.60 0.54 

9.73 Sq.mt. 74.00 720.02 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Pipe 4 .45 1.8 Rmt 

1.8 50.00 90.00 

Total Cost 


Cost Estimation say 9152.00 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no 36.i: Technical details of Check dam 

Quantity & Cost Estimation of Check dam 


1 Excavation 

1.1 Body wall 1 20.0 1.46 1.4 40.88 Cu.mt. 

1.2 Appron 1 20.00 1.80 1.40 50.40 

1.3 Side wall 2 5.00 0.60 1.40 8.40 

1.4 Abutment 2 2.50 1.00 1.40 7.00 

1.5 Wing wall 2 2.26 0.60 1.40 3.80 

2 1:4:8 

Total Excavation 110.47 Cum. 41.00 4529.55 

2.1 Body wall 1 20.00 1.46 0.15 4.38 

2.2 Appron 1 20.00 1.80 0.15 5.40 

2.3 Side wall 2 5.00 0.60 0.15 0.90 

2.4 Abutment 2 2.50 1.00 0.15 0.75 

2.5 Wing wall 2 2.26 0.60 0.15 0.41 

3 U C R Masonary 11.837 Cum. 1460 17281.73 

3.1 Body wall 1 20.00 1.46 1.25 36.50 

3.2 Body Wall s/s 1 20.00 1.13 0.90 20.34 

3.3 Appron 1 20.00 1.80 1.15 41.40 

3.4 Side wall 2 5.00 0.60 2.65 15.90 

3.5 Abutment 2 2.50 1.00 3.45 17.25 

3.6 Wing wall 2 2.26 0.60 4.43 12.00 

143.391 Cum. 1330.00 190709.50 


DWDU, Rajkot 

4 1:2:4 

4.1 Body wall 1 20.00 0.80 0.10 1.60 

4.2 Appron 1 20.00 1.80 0.10 3.60 

4.3 Side wall 2 5.00 0.60 0.10 0.60 

4.4 Abutment 2 2.50 1.00 0.10 0.50 

4.5 Wing wall 2 2.26 0.60 0.10 0.27 

4.6 End sill 1 20.00 0.30 0.30 1.80 

5 Plastering 

Body wall S/S 1 20 1.00 20.00 

Body wall D/S 1 20.0 1.45 29.00 

Abutment 4 2.00 1.9 15.2 

CC 8.371 Cum. 2420.00 20258.3 

Wing wall 4 2.3 1.45 13.34 Sq.Mt. 

77.54 74.00 5737.96 

5 Earthen work 

5.1 R – Bank 1 15.0 2.20 1.20 39.60 

5.2 L – Bank 1 16.0 2.20 1.20 42.24 

15% Shrinkage Minus 12.28 

81.84 

69.564 Cum. 2852.12 

Cum. 241369.2 

Total Cost Say 241370.00 



DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.37: Activities related to Surface water resources in (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) Kanpar 

Proposed target 

Augmentation/ repair of 

S. 

No. 

Village 

name 

1 Kanapar 

Construction of new structures 

Total target 

existing structures 

Type of structures Area to 

Area to 

Area to 

Storage Estimated 

Storage 

Storage 

be 

be 

Estimated be 

No. capacity cost No. capacity 

capacity 

irrigated 

irrigated 

cost irrigated 

(Cumec) (Lac) 

(Cumec) 

(m 

(ha) 

(ha) 

(ha) 

) 

Farm Pond 15 34 1097 4.00 4.00 

Check dam deepening 5 55 12195 3.5 - - - - 55 12195 3.5 

Irrigation/Percolation 

Tank 2 22 10975 4.5 3 38 14634 8 60 25609 12.5 

Estimated 

cost 

(Lac) 

Check dam & Causeway 

cum check dam 8 120 240000 11.5 16 170 308333 33 290 548333 44.5 

Total 15 197 263170 19.5 34 208 322967 45 405 586138 64.5 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.37.1: Activities related to Surface water resources in Juna pipliya(all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 



S. 

No. 

1 

Village 

name 


Total target 



Area to 

Area to 


Storage 

Storage 

be 

be 

Estimated be 


capacity 

irrigated 

irrigated 


(Cumec) (Lac) 

(Cumec) 

(m 

(ha) 

(ha) 

(ha) 

) 

Farm pond 5 5 2000 1.00 5 2000 1.00 

Check dam deepening 9 100 32540 5.5 - - - - 100 32540 5.5 


Estimated 

cost 

(Lac) 

Juna 

pipliya Tank 

2 29 14560 3.5 2 56 10000 4.00 85 24560 7.5 


cum check dam 

13 300 32720 11.0 11 100 12050 19.6 400 44770 30.6 

Total 24 429 79820 20 18 161 24050 24.6 590 103870 44.6 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.37.2: Activities related to Surface water resources in Jivapar (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 



Construction of new structures Total target 


S. Village 


Area to 

Area to 

No. name 


Storage 


be 

be 

Estimated be 


capacity cost 

irrigated 

irrigated 


(Cumec) (Lac) 

(Cumec) 

(m 

(ha) 

(ha) 

(ha) 

) (Lac) 

Farm pond 20 20 10000 4.0 20 8000 4.0 

1 Jivapar 


Tank 

2 22 16350 6.0 2 20 18930 6.0 20 18930 12.0 


cum check dam 

19 350 34860 20.3 14 250 28535 24.5 600 63395 44.8 

Total 21 372 51210 26.3 36 290 57465 34.5 662 108675 60.8 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.37.3: Activities related to Surface water resources in Dolatpar (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 



Construction of new structures Total target 


S. Village 


Area to 

Area to 

No. name 


Storage 


be 

be 

Estimated be 


capacity cost 

irrigated 

irrigated 


(Cumec) (Lac) 

(Cumec) 

(m 

(ha) 

(ha) 

(ha) 

) (Lac) 

Farm pond 5 5 2000 1.00 5 2000 1.00 


1 Dolatpar Tank 

1 12 15000 1.0 1 50 22560 3.00 62 37560 4.0 


cum check dam 

6 90 24580 5.0 5 60 28570 12.0 150 53150 17.0 

Total 7 102 39580 6.5 11 115 53130 16.00 230 92710 22.00 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 37.4: Activities related to Surface water resources in Sanathali (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 

S. 

No. 

Village 

name 

Type of structures 



Area to 

Storage 

be 

No. capacity 

irrigated 

(Cumec) 

(ha) 

Estimated 

cost 

(Lac) 



Area to 

Storage 

be 

No. capacity 

irrigated 

(Cumec) 

(ha) 

Estimated 

cost 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

Total target 

Storage 

capacity 

(m 3 ) 

Estimated 

cost 

(Lac) 

(ha) 

Farm pond 3 2 2500 1.00 50 50 24400 10.00 52 26900 11.00 

Check dam deepening 10 20 15470 6.0 20 15470 6.0 


1 Sanathali 

1 10 12680 2.5 6 80 45620 15.0 90 

17.5 

Tank 

58300 


12 30 22560 6.0 43 900 128480 75.18 930 

81.18 

cum check dam 

151040 

Total 26 62 53210 15.5 99 1030 198500 100.18 1090 251710 115.68 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.38: Activities related to recharging ground water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 


S. 

No. 

Name of Villages 

Type of structures 


existing recharging 

structures 

No. 

Area to be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Estimated 

cost 

No. 

Construction of new 

recharging structures 

Area to be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Estimated 

cost 

Area to be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Total target 

Estimated 

cost 

1 Kanpar Open wells 1 0.5 0.50 10 9 1.11 9.5 1.61 

2 Juna Pipaliya Open wells 2 1.5 0.95 17 12 1.884 13.5 2.864 

Open wells 8 10 0.88 10 0.88 

Bore wells 2 1.7 0.50 1.7 0.50 

Underground 

3 Jivapar 

1 - 1.50 - 1.50 

checkdam (Dyke) 

Total for the 

village 

- - - 11 11.7 1.9 11.7 2.88 

4 Dolatpar Open wells 4 7 0.44 7 0.44 

Open wells 3 5 2.4 30 32 3.30 37 5.74 

Borewell 2 3.5 1.0 3.5 1.0 

Underground 

5 Sanathali 

Total for the 

Project 

checkdam (Dyke) 

Roofwater 

Harvesting for 

recharge 

Total for the 

village 

3 - 4.5 4.5 

15 - 6.00 - 6.00 

5 8.5 12.4 52 39 14.24 47.5 17.68 

8 10.5 13.85 90 71.7 19.134 89.2 25.474 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Agriculural Improvement programme 

Our understanding is that without addressing the crucial area of end-use regulation, no amount of rainwater harvesting is going to 

work. For this the most important requirement is the working out of a sustainable package of practices for dryland agriculture. 

This is moreover an alternative to the Green Revolution, which largely bypassed the drylands or is completely inappropriate for 

them. It is believed that the economy must be viewed as a sub-system of the larger eco-system, which comprises not merely human 

beings but also natural resources and non-human species. 

The watershed village area has seen penetration of Green Revolution (GR) inputs in agriculture, which is the main occupation of 

the people. Cotton that was the main crop of the area is becoming completely unviable because of high pesticide costs. Despite 

excessive use of pesticides, pestilence remains an intractable problem. The inputs available to them are often sub-quality. For 

example, local dealers dispose of expired pesticides to illiterate farmers. Farmers are in general suffering because of high input 

costs. However, their problem is that they perceive no alternative to the GR package. What is worse, the catchment areas have 

suffered severe denudation of forest cover in recent years. This has raised the rate of soil erosion and surface runoff. Biodiversity 

has also been adversely affected. There is a fodder and fuel crisis in the area. In the recent 3-year drought, the worst impact was on 

cattle. Within this context, our attempt is to forge several new links within the elements of the natural resource base of the area 

(climate, rainfed agriculture, wastelands, forests, and crop residues, animal and human wastes and decentralized energy sources). 

With soil and water conservation technologies, surface runoff is minimised which improves the level of soil moisture. Loss of 

essential soil nutrients is also reduced. And harvested runoff is recycled to agricultural land through water harvesting structures. 

The utilisation of soil moisture through vegetative systems strengthens the flows of fodder, firewood. Non-woody biomass from 

the regenerated forests and commons, as well as part of the crop residues, is returned to the soil through microbial decomposition. 

Revegetation of the commons also provides material for direct incorporation into soil as green manure. Animal wastes are directed 

to biogas plants, from which bio-energy is supplied either to the households for cooking. The organic residue from the biogas plant 

(digested slurry) goes to enrich the soil as a nitrogen- rich fertiliser. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

These are the major components in the agricultural programme to be carried out in the Programme: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Seed distribution 

Seed multiplication 

Screening of new varieties with crop demonstration 

Nursery raising and organic agriculture practices 

Vegetable cultivation 

Popularization of a package of agricultural practices including agricultural machineries 

Floriculture 

Horticultural plantation 

Non Pesticide Management 

Vermi-composting 

Phoenix/date-palm plantation along the stream banks on farm bunds 

Jatropha plantation along fencing and on wastelands 

Afforestation 

Familarisation of new agricultural implements 

Improved irrigation facilities 

Low cost green house 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Our effort has been to introduce a complete alternative to hybrid seeds and the Green Revolution package and practices as listed 

above. As a trial of the recommended practice of intercropping of different crops, farmers of the project area were chosen for Front 

Line Demonstrations (FLDs). These demonstrations attempt to make certain type of crop varieties popular again by showing the 

possibility of intercropping with a cash crop. The model, thus, attempts to show the households the possibility of getting some 

extra cash income while ensuring food security. In collaboration with ICRISAT, Hyderabad, Junagarh Agricultural University, KVK- 

Targharia and Kutch, Rajkot, we will carry out trials of composite varieties of different crops as trail or demonstration plot. Seeds 

of varieties identified as suitable to the area will be disseminated to more than 100 farmers in watershed villages. 

The Livestock Development Programme 

Many new initiatives in the field of veterinary care, fodder development, training programmes will be taken up that will 

bring the two villages in the diary map. Many of theses initiatives yielded results much beyond what we had hoped to achieve, 

however the year was also one of introspection in terms of the absence of a the leap in dairy development that we were expecting 

from the old routes. 

Services to SHG members/UG groups 

Veterinary support services will be provided by the veterinary hospitals and in animal husbandry camps. Accordingly 

members will be selected by the criteria fixed by the group. Breeds suitable for the area will be brought. 

Veterinary Services 

Veterinary services will be provided in the cluster villages. The cluster was chosen for the reason that most families in the 

area are landless or near-landless. They are highly dependent on small ruminants like cows, buffaloes and other cattle. Vaccination 

camps will be conducted time to time against chronic diseases in the larger animals. The location also will be provided with 

successful Artificial insemination (AI) services, relying on the supplies provided by the government veterinary hospital in Jasdan. 

Detailed Project Report: IWMP-11 110

DWDU, Rajkot 

In the camp also nutrients and vitamins will be provided for improvement in health of animals. 

The pregnant cow care programme was a concept borrowed from the Vasudhara Dairy, Valsad, Gujarat. This will be 

launched with the primary aim of demonstrating that the productivity of the local cows could be increased with appropriate 

feeding practices. Within this programme, veterinary professionals would first identify local cows which are pregnant and have 

around two more months to go before parturition. Once the animals were identified and if the owner was willing the animals were 

put on an intensive feeding and care programme for a three month period, from the start of the programme to one month after 

parturition. The cost per animal works out to Rs. 3700.The farmer would contribute the dry fodder and green fodder, in kind. 

Towards the costs of inputs procured from the market (works out to Rs. 1350), the costs were borne in the ratio 60:40 between 

WCs and the farmer. Farmers from the project villages will be motivated to participate in the programme. 

Training and Exposure visits 

A large group of people, consisting mainly dairy farmers who will be visiting the successful dairy cooperatives under the 

Vasudhara dairy, Valsad and the Amul dairy, Anand for value addition to milk related products. These cooperatives were chosen 

mainly for the reason that many of the successful dairy farmers in these areas are small farmers belonging to various tribal 

communities. These dairies had also built up their business on the hard work of women farmers who had taken loans from the 

SHGs run by the cooperative union to buy cattle. The interaction will be helpful as dairy co-operative members in other district will 

make them to understand how those women, with a similar background, had been able to build up a good livelihood option 

revolving around the dairy. 

Training addressing the issue of infertility in animals will be provided to beneficiary group. Three day training cum exposure visit 

will be organized for the team and some farmers to reputed organization. The visit will provide a first hand view of the options 

open to dryland farmers to ensure the availability of good quality fodder. The farmers who had adopted such practices 

demonstrated how it could help in cutting down the cost of feed concentrates. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

One day training on azolla cultivation, as a means of providing high protein feed to livestock, will be organized by KVK. 

Scientist from the KVK, will demonstrate the simple method by which azolla could be grown in the backyard of farmers. 

Demonstration pits are expected to set up in the demonstration plot of farmers. 

Table no.39: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises: Kanpar 

S. 

No. 

Name of village 

Agriculture 

Name of activity 

(i) Private 

Type of land Executing agency Target 

(iii) 

Expected 

(i) UG Estimated 

Others 

month & year 

(ii) Community 

(ii)SHG 

cost 

(pl. 


(iii) WC (Rs. in lakh) 

specify) 

(mm/yyyy) 

Horticultural Plantation(5000 

no) 

Private WC/UG 2.5 

Crop demo./Organic Agriculture Private UG/SHG 1.5 

Agricultural demo in villages Community PIA/WC 1.5 

Vermi Composting-20 unit Community UG 2.2 

Vegetable selling (lari)-5 Private PIA/UG 0.55 

Vegetable cultivation Private WC/UG 0.80 

Drip irrigation (Small farmer) Private WC/UG 1.90 

Agro forestry 

Fodder Seeds on farm bunds Community WC/UG 1.0 

Fodder plot Community SHG/UG 2.0 

Live fencing-Jatropha 0.58 

Agro processing /Agro machinery 

Agri spray pump (20 no) Private Community UG/SHG 1.0 

Agricultural 

machinaries(Assetless) 

Community SHG/UG 2.97 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Animal husbandry 

Animal nutrients Community UG/SHG 2.35 

Animal Camp (5 times) Community PIA/WC 2.5 

Other minor activities 

Centering instrument Community UG/SHG 2.6 

Revolving fund Private SHG 1.5 

Cement block production SC 

mohalla 

Community UG/SHG 2.0 

Hair saloon kits-5 UG/SHG 0.15 

Foot wear repeir kit-3 Community UG 0.12 

Bhajan mandali instrument Private Community UG/SHG 0.50 

Flour mills Community UG/SHG 0.75 

Total :30.97 

Table no.39.1: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises: Junapipliya 

S. 

No. 


Agriculture 


(i) Private 


(iii) 

Expected 


Others 

month & year 


(ii)SHG 

cost 

(pl. 



specify) 

(mm/yyyy) 

Afforestation Community WC 2.0 

Bamboo Plantation Private Community UG/SHG 1.0 

Horticultural Plantation Private PIA/WC/SHG 2.0 

Crop demo./Organic Agriculture- 

5 no 

Private UG/SHG 1.5 

Vermi Composting-10 unit Community UG/SHG 1.0 

Drip kits Private 1.64 

Agro forestry 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Fodder Seeds on Farmbunds Community WC/UG 0.8 

Jatropha Private 0.5 


Agri spray pump 20 no Private Community UG 1.0 

Agri machinery for assetless Private SHG 2.0 


Animal nutrients Community PIA/UG/SHG 1.5 



Centering instrument Community UG/SHG 3.0 


Kits for barber-2 Private Community UG 0.17 

Total : 21.61 lakhs 

Table no.39.2: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises: Jivapar 

S. 

No. 


Jivapar 

Agriculture 


(i) Private 


(iii) 

Expected 


Others 

month & year 


(ii)SHG 

cost 

(pl. 



specify) 

(mm/yyyy) 

Low cost green house (2) Private UG/SHG 1.5 

Plantation (1 ha) Private Community UG/WC 1.75 

Distribution of Horticulture 

(2500 no) 

Private PIA/WC 1.25 

Crop demo./Organic Agriculture- 

5 no 

Private UG/SHG 1.0 

Vermi Composting-15 unit Community UG 1.5 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Vegetable selling cart-5 Private PIA/UG 0.5 

Drip irrigation kits Private WC/UG 1.00 

Agro forestry 

Fodder Seeds spred on goucher 

and farm bunds 

Community WC/UG 1.2 

Bamboo Plantation Community SHG 0.80 

Making broom Community SHG 0.80 


Agri spray pump 20 no Private Community UG 1.0 

Agril machineries Community SHG 2.97 

Flour mills Assetless Community UG/SHG 1.5 


Animal nutrient sell for assetless Community PIA/UG/SHG 2.0 


Fish cultivation Community PIA/WC 2.58 

Dairy development instruments Private PIA/UG/SHG 1.25 


Carpenter kit Community UG/SHG 0.3 

Barber kit-2 Private Community UG 0.25 

Bhajan mandali instrument Private Community UG/SHG 0.8 

Foot wear repair kit-2 Community UG 0.2 


Skill development kits Community UG/SHG 1.0 

Total :29.15 lakhs 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 39.3: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises: Dolatpar 

S. 

No. 


village 

Dolatpar 

Agriculture 


(i) Private 


(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

(iii) WC 

Estimated 

cost 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

Vermi Composting-10 unit Community SHG/UG 1.00 

Agricultural demonstration Community PIA/WC 0.50 

Agro forestry 

Fodder plantation on farm 

bunds/Goucher 

Community WC/UG 1.01 

Agro processing /Agro 

machinery 

Agri machinaries Community SHG 1.50 


Target 

Animal nutrient Community UG/SHG 0.50 


Hair salun kit-2 Private Community UG 0.14 


Brick production Community UG/SHG 1.00 


Expected 

month & 

year of 

completion 

(mm/yyyy) 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 39.4: Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises: Sanathali 

S. 

No. 


village 

Sanathali 

Agriculture 


(i) Private 


(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

(iii) WC 

Estimated 

cost 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

Floriculture (2 ha) Private Community UG/SHG 2.0 

Distribution of Horticultural 

plants (40000 no) 

Private Community PIA/UG/WC 14.0 

Crop demo./Organic Agriculture Private Community KVK/UG/WC 4.0 

Vermi Composting/Vermi-wash- 

100 unit 

Private Community PIA/SHG/UG 10.0 

Vegetable selling (cart)-10 Private PIA/UG 1.25 

Drip irrigation kits Private Community UG/WC 5.5 

Nursery raising no. 2 Private Community SHG/UG 2.5 

Low cost green housing Private WC/UG 3.5 

Vegetable cultivation Private Community SHG/UG 3.0 

Agro forestry 

Making broom SC benificiaries Community SHG 2.0 

Jatropha fencing Community 0.80 

Agro processing /Agro 

machinery 

Agri machinaries for assetless Community SHG 3.0 

Milk products Community SHG 1.5 

Target 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/yyyy) 


DWDU, Rajkot 


Animal nutrient/Khandan sell 

assetless 

Community PIA/UG/WC 5.0 

Milk storage refrigerator Community SHG 2.0 

Poulty farm (10 SC Beneficiaries) Private Community SHG 3.0 



Immitation/Stitching machinery Private Community UG/SHG 2.2 


Hair salun kit-10 Private Community UG/SHG 0.40 

Foot wear repair kit-2 Community UG 0.18 

Cloth tailor material-4 Community UG/SHG 1.3 

Skill improvement 

kits(Masons/Lohari/Sutari/other 

Community UG/SHG 7.0 

) 



DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 40: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas 

S. No. 

Major activities of the SHGs 


Villages Name of activity No. of SHGs involved 

Average annual income from 

activity per SHG (In Rs. Approx) 

Vermi composting 1 76800 

Nursery raising 1 10000 

Vegetable cultivation 1 89675 

1 Kanpar 

2 Juna Pipaliya 

Fodder grass 1 85440 

Crop demo./Organic Agriculture 1 30000 

Agr machinery for asset less group 1 84000 

Centering instrument SC group 1 90000 

Agri processing –Flour mill 1 32000 

Fodder 1 64000 

Crop demonstration 1 86400 

Organic Agriculture (5 ha) 1 64080 


Agril machinery for assetless group 1 52000 


Nursery raising 1 50000 

3 Jivapar Vermi composting 1 125000 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Centering/Masoning instruments 1 175000 

Fodder Bank 1 227500 

Flour mill 1 72000 

Fodder grass 1 25000 

Crop demonstration 1 18000 

80100 

Organic Agriculture (5 ha) 1 

Pickle unit (Lemon,Chilli) 1 4800 

Vegetable cultivation 11 farmer 1 27500 

Fish cultivation 1 51600 


4 Dolatpar 

Animal nutrient -landless 1 92820 

Agri machinaries 1 125000 


Brick production 1 90000 

5 Sanathali 

Floriculture (2 ha) 1 109000 

Crop demo./Organic Agriculture 1 

Vegetable selling (cart)-10 1 92820 


Agri machinaries for assetless 1 125000 

Milk products 1 112000 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Animal nutrient/Khandan sell 

assetless 

1 175000 

Poulty farm (10 SC Beneficiaries) 1 260000 

Immitation/Stitching machinery 2 198000 

Table no. 41: Linkages developed at village level 

Sr. No. Village Name of activity 

Dairy development 


Vermi compositing 

Forward/Backward 

linkage 

Avado, ,Fodder plot , 

AI, Nutrient vitamin 

minerals ,milk 

collection centre 

Dairy farmers , 

Nursery 

Linkage with 

Farmers , Feed stall, 

Dairy cooperative, 

Farmers related to 

organic agriculture, 

vegetable 

Outcome 

Increase in Milk 

production, dairy 

products ,better health 

care of animal 

Better soil health, 

increased production 

Table no.42: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Kanpar 

S. Name of 

Executing 



No village 

agency 

. 

(i) UG 


Kanpar 

(i) (ii) (iii) 

(iii) (ii)SHG 

structure/ 

Ridge Drainage Land (i) (ii) Others (iii) Area 

work 

area line dev. Private Community (pl. Others (ha) 

(R) (D) (L) 

specify) (pl. 

specify) 

No. of 

plants 

Target 

Estimated 

cost 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

Jatropha L C WC/SHG 1 2500 0.32 

Fodder R L C UG/SHG 2 1.78 

Horticulture R D L P UG 1.67 186 0.77 

Expected 

month & 


completio 

n (mm/ 

yyyy) 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Nursery 

raising 

Crop 

demonstratio 

n 

D L P C SHG 2 10000 0.74 

L D L P UG/WC 3 1.50 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.42.1: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Juna Pipaliya 

S. 

No 

. 

1 


village 

Juna 

Pipaliya 

Type of treatment Type of land 

Executing 

agency 

Target 

(i) UG 

Name of (i) 

(ii) (iii) 

(iii) (ii)SHG 

Estimated 

structure/ Ridg 

(i) 

Drainage Land 

(ii) Others (iii) Area No. of cost 

work e 

Privat 

line dev. Community (pl. Others (ha) plants (Rs. in 

area 

e 

(D) (L) 

specify) (pl. 

lakh) 

(R) 

specify) 

Afforestation R D L C WC 1 2100 0.55 

Jatropha R L P C WC/SHG 2 2500 0.89 


Horticulture R L P UG 1.67 7400 2.6 

Nursery 

raising 

D L P UG/SHG 5 25000 1.00 

Vegetable 

cultivation 

4.35 1.70 

Peasture Land 

Demostration 

L P C SHG 5.00 5 0.26 

Grassland 

development 

R D C WC/SHG 3 0.60 

Crop 

demonstration 

L P UG/WC 2.5 10 2.69 

Expected 

month & 


completi 

on (mm/ 

yyyy) 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.42.2: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Jivapar 



Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

Name Name of 

(i) (ii) (iii) 

(iii) (ii)SHG 

of structure/ 

Ridge Drainage Land (i) (ii) Others (iii) Area 

village work 

area line dev. Private Community (pl. Others (ha) 

(R) (D) (L) 

specify) (pl. 

specify) 

S. 

No 

. 

1 

Jivapar 

No. of 

plants 

Target 

Estimated 

cost 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

Afforestation R D L C WC 0.5 1000 0.55 


Agro-forestry D L P C WC/SHG 0.25 78 0.55 


Horticulture R L P UG 1.67 7400 1.35 

Nursery 

raising 

Grassland 

development 

Crop 

demonstratio 

n 

D L P UG/SHG 5 25000 0.50 


L P UG/WC 8 2.23 

Expected 

month & 


completio 

n (mm/ 

yyyy) 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.42.3: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Dolatpar 


Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

Name of (i) (ii) (iii) 

(iii) (ii)SHG 

Name 

(i) (ii) 

structure/ work Ridge Drainage Land 

Others (iii) Area No. of 


Privat Communi 

area line dev. 

(pl. Others (ha) plants 

village 

e ty 

(R) (D) (L) 

specify) (pl. 

specify) 

S. 

No. 

Dolatp 

ar 

Target 

Estimated 

cost 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 


Agro-forestry D L P C PIA/WC 0.25 150 1.05 


Nursery raising D L P UG/SHG 5 30000 0.60 

Peasture Land 

Demostration 

Crop 

demonstration 

Horticultural 

plants 

L P C SHG 5.00 5 0.26 

L P UG/WC 4.5 2.56 

L P 

UG 

54 17600 2.65 

Expected 

month & 


completio 

n (mm/ 

yyyy) 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.42.3: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Sanathali 

Executing 


agency 

(i) UG 

Name 

S. 

Name of (i) (ii) (iii) 

(iii) (ii)SHG 


(i) (ii) 

No. 

structure/ work Ridge Drainage Land 

Others (iii) Area No. of 

village 

Privat Communi 

area line dev. 

(pl. Others (ha) plants 

e ty 

(R) (D) (L) 

specify) (pl. 

specify) 

Target 

Estimated 

cost 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

Expected 

month & 


completio 

n (mm/ 

yyyy) 

1 

Sanat 

hali 


Agro-forestry D L P C PIA/WC 0.25 150 1.05 

Fodder/Phoeni 

x 

R L C UG/SHG 7 1.35 

Nursery raising D L P UG/SHG 5 30000 0.60 

Peasture Land 

Demostration 

L P C SHG 5.00 5 0.26 

Grassland 

development 


Crop 

demonstration 

L P UG/WC 4.5 2.56 

Floriculture L P UG/SHG 2 48000 1.88 

Horticultural 

UG 

L P 

plants 

54 17600 2.65 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Livelihood Intervention 

Promotion of micro-enterprises and various income generation activities is an important aspect of empowerment. Although it is 

extremely difficult to find remunerative self employment, there are enormous untapped opportunities in the rural sector. These 

include both on-farm and off-farm opportunities. Typically families living below poverty line, SC, ST and landless in a cluster of 

villages are motivated to take part in holistic development through livelihood opportunities through multidisciplinary 

interventions. 

Advantages of Agro-Based Activities: While promoting various income generation activities, agro-based activities have 

advantages because of the following reasons: 

1. Target groups are acquainted with most of the basic skills. 

2. Easy access to inputs. 

3. No problems of marketing, as most of the outputs are locally consumed as food. 

4. As over 50-60 % of the rural families own land and livestock, income generation activities can be initiated immediately without 

heavy capital investment. 

5. Risk of failure due to improper technology, poor quality, low demand and poor price recovery are very low. Hence, the chances 

of success are high. 

6. Infrastructure required for promotion of on-farm activities has been very well established. Hence, the entrepreneurs can 

progress even in backward regions, which are deprived of regular power supply and electronic information connectivity. It is 

therefore advantageous to tap all the opportunities to promote various on-farm activities. The experience has confirmed that the 

best strategy to promote income generation activities through SHGs is to analyze the on-going agro-based activities undertaken by 

the members and introduce suitable interventions to enhance the production. There are also excellent opportunities to improve 

post production management of the produce through grading, storage, processing and marketing. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Various micro-enterprises activities through UG and Self Help Groups will be promoted. The list of micro-enterprises taken up by 

various SHGs is presented below. Among these activities, agriculture followed by animal husbandry, Khadi making units and food 

processing. However, over a period of time, agriculture, animal husbandry and food processing supercede the trade as many 

individuals participate in enhancing their production at the family level and try to organize themselves to market them collectively. 

Other activities such as production of utility items, construction related activities, handicrafts and Moti work find it difficult to 

sustain due to poor marketing infrastructure, lack market and competition from other sources. 

Support Needed for Promotion of Micro-enterprises 

Following support is needed to promote micro-enterprises through women SHGs. 

1. Motivation of the target communities, particularly women and landless farmers 

2. Formation of Self Help Groups and their Federations 

3. Gender sensitization 

4. Training and capacity building 

5. Micro-finance. Provision of credit facilities and linkage with banks 

6. Development of infrastructure, particularly through the SHG Federations to provide necessary support services and marketing 

7. Trade networking and establishment of market outlets 

8. Village level Information Centre: The multi-disciplinary team interacted with the SHGs and User groups to explore the potentials 

for development of various enterprises and extend necessary support for dissemination of technologies, procurement of inputs, 

training of members and establishment of linkage with the market. There should be some agency to provide guidance to the 

entrepreneurs as and when needed. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

The selected production activities for the watershed villages follow the above-mentioned process, and are selected in such a way 

that they should be: 

 

 

 

 

 

economically viable 

environmentally sustainable 

socially equitable 

energy efficient 

employment generation 

Production System-1: Fodder bank for Watershed 

villages 

Introduction: 

"The fodder bank technology is a farming practice whereby leguminous shrubs and grass species are grown on a farm to 

provide fodder for livestock sector." It provides a wide range of animal products that are rich in high quality proteins and have the 

potential as good and sustainable sources of income in many areas. Through the dairy cooperative societies, farmers will be 

supplied with seeds of bajra, multi-cut jowar and cowpea for the summer season; multi cut bajra, multi cut jowar and maize for the 

kharif season and bajra and berseem for the rabi season. The demand for fodder seeds was the highest for the rabi season. Farmers 

cite the availability of green grass in abundance during the rains as a reason for their not devoting acreage solely for fodder during 

the kharif season. The accent of the programme during the year was to get across the message of growing a mixture of fodder crops 

providing complete nutrition for the animals. The success of the programme lay in making available quality fodder seeds to 

farmers. One aspect where we could have done better was in getting farmers to try out a mix of fodder crops and devote needed 

acreage to growing fodder for their animals. The fodder bank ensures fodder availability which in turn reduces the distressed 


DWDU, Rajkot 

migration of the people resulting in sustainable livelihood opportunities and enhances natural resource security in the project 

area. 

Objective of a fodder bank: 

1. Build a local fodder bank and organize the distribution of fodder during drought and scarce situation. . 

2. Establish and maintain village fodder farm in the community grazing area, and allocate the community land for fodder 

production, in association with dairy co-operatives. 

3. Control regulates and charge in the community grazing and pastures lands. 

4. Undertake the distribution of fodder seeds and slips in the village. 

Primary problem of the project 

In Sanathali cluster\s villages come under 80% rainfed agriculture and soil is very suitable for fodder crop mainly Jowar, 

Bajara,Mainge and sorghum. So fodder bank play an important role to improve fodder for cattles to solve this problem. Majority 

of farmers own more than 3 ha of land for food and fodder production but lack of sufficient irrigation water has made these lands 

unproductive. The concept of fodder bank can overcome the problem of seasonal feed shortage, migration and poor animal 

performance. 

It is the milch animal, which is the worst affected during these periods of drought, due to lack of productivity of sufficient fodder 

and water. As a result, the poor are forced to let go with their animals in search of fodder and green pastures to other parts of the 

state. This eventually leads to colossal loss of income generating assets, poor demographic profile of village and low education 

level of their children. 

Even in good years, during harvesting season, the poor tend to sell their crop residue or fodder to earn cash. At such time when 

supply is higher than demand, they are not able to sell fodder at remunerative prices. The same fodder is bought back by them, 


DWDU, Rajkot 

mostly at higher prices during the months of scarcity. 

To meet the critical needs of fodder, especially for the poor families and protect them from inordinately high prices during the 

summer months, fodder banks are proposed to be setup at both the village level. 

Feasibility of Fodder Bank: 

A detailed survey and Focused Group Discussion was conducted in all villages of the watershed area. The number and type of 

cattle as well as the fodder production capacity of the village was collected during door to door survey. In focused group discussion 

several factors like the various types of fodder available locally, the quantity of fodder to be stored in the fodder bank, the size of 

fodder bank, the amount of finances required to operate a fodder bank etc were discussed with the farmers, User group and 

Watershed committee. The fodder bank should be sustainable and towards that, the sale price of fodder should cover operating 

costs and losses in storage. All these decisions were taken jointly with the member of operating fodder bank. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table 42.i .Primary Model for A Fodder Bank 

A 

Total Dairy farmers 39 

No. of adult animals 

No. of Cattle to be catered by one fodder bank. No. of calves 

299 36 

Total 335 

Fodder requirement per day (10kg dry fodder for 

adult and 5 kg for calf). 

Fodder requirement for 180 days. 

Fodder available from lands/farms/pasture land 

(60%) 

Fodder expected from community land 

5025 Kg 

9045 quintal 

5427 quintal 

20 hac *150=3000 quintal 

Cost of cultivation for fodder production (See Table:2) 105000 Rs 

3618-3000=618 quintal 

Remaining requirement for 120 days Total Cost Avg. 

procurement rate in harvesting season, Rs.500 per 

500*618= Rs.309000/- 

Qt. including transportation *.Net Cost of Fodder 

Production "K' (cost of cultivation + Cost of 

procurement) 

B. Area development for fodder bank Land required Rs 12000 

Approx. 3500 m 2 (preferably land will be allotted by 

Gram Panchayat @ Rs.600 per month) 


DWDU, Rajkot 

C. Cl. Fencing + Weighing machine + Small shed + Other 

tools. 

Rs.70,000/- 

D. 

Total Cost for Fodder bank (A+B) 

Rs. 3,91,000/- 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no: 42.ii: Cost of cultivation for fodder production 

Cost Detail 

Unit cost 

1. Cost for tillage 4.5 hour*20 hec*400 Rs 36000 

2. Cost for seed 12 kg seed *20 hec *100 Rs 24000 

3. Cost for fertilizer Rs 20,000 

4. Cost for irrigation Rs 15,000 

5. Depreciation cost Rs 10,000 

Total cost for 20 hec Rs. 105,000 

Table No. 42.iii, Revenue and return Details. 

S. No Return Details Cost (in Rs.) 

1 Cost of fodder Per Kg 

= 3,91,100/309000 

1.26 Rs/kg 

2. Selling Price of Fodder Rs 2 /Kg 

3. Net selling Price Rs. 723600/- 

4. Net Profit Rs 227500/- 

Production of Fodder: 

We will produce 3000 quintal fodder from community land of gram panchayat and for remaining requirement we can fulfill by two 

ways first one buy the fodder at the time of harvesting and second we can take land on lease agreement from some other government 

as well as private agency. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Technical Support/Assistance: 

To ensure proper technical support for fodder bank and smooth functioning of activities the required technical assistance may be 

taken from Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVS), Dept. of Agriculture, Dairy and DWDU. 

Advantages: 

The importance of a fodder bank can be well understood. The fodder banks will provide much needed relief and self-reliance to 

poor in the village especially in drought condition. Specifically, the advantages are:- 

> It will reduce migration during drought condition. 

> Farmers can purchase and sale of fodder at village level, thus doing away with costs incurred by them to carry out these 

transactions at the city market. 

> It can reduce in overall market prices of fodder during the lean season. 

> Ensure availability of fodder during the lean season at affordable and reasonable prices. 

> Reduced distress sale of cattle due to non -availability and / or non-affordability of fodder. 

> Higher incomes for the poor as cattle will have enough fodder even during the lean season 

> Increase employment opportunities at the village level associated with the sale, purchase and storage of fodder. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Production System - 2: Vermi composting unit for Project villages 

Introduction: 

The wide spread problems of soil degradation and desertification are threatening agricultural sustainability. Throughout the 

project village large populations of domestic animals producing large amounts of organic wastes. These organic residues, or ‘waste 

materials’, can be transformed more quickly and into a more useful vermi-compost, available for urban and land application. 

Nutrients within vermi-composted material are readily available to plants, and can be added to agricultural land to improve soil 

structure and fertility or used as good quality and marketable additive to potting soil or plant growth media. The process of 

composting crop residues using earthworms comprise spreading the agricultural wastes and cow dung in layers as 1 m wide and 

0.3 m high beds of required length. Earthworms are introduced in between the layers @ 350 worms per m 3 of bed volume. The 

beds are maintained at about 40 - 50% moisture content and a temperature of 20 - 30° C by sprinkling water over the beds. The 

earthworms being voracious eaters consume the biodegradable matter and give out a part of the matter as excreta or vermicastings. 

The vermi-casting containing nutrients are rich manure for the plants. 

Objectives 

• To train farmers / SHGs in organic farming and vermi-culture. 

• To promote production of vermi-castings as a viable small business venture 

About The Worms 

Eisenia fetida, Eudrilus eugeniae, and Perionyx excavatius are some of the species for rearing to convert organic wastes into manure. 

The worms feed on any biodegradable matter ranging from coir waste to kitchen garbage and Vermi-composting units are ideally 

suited to locations / units with generation of considerable quantities of organic wastes. One earthworm reaching reproductive age 

of about six weeks lays one egg capsule (containing 7 embryos) every 7 - 10 days. Three to seven worms emerge out of each 

capsule. Thus, the multiplication of worms under optimum growth conditions is very fast. The worms live for about 2 years. Fully 

grown worms could be separated and dried in an oven to make 'worm meal' which is a rich source of protein (70%) for use in 


DWDU, Rajkot 

animal feed. 

Location 

All the villages have lots of animal so it can become good composting center as well as good source of livelihood. Vermicompost is 

very suitable for fruit, flower and vegetable as well as cereal crops. It increases quality and quantity of product in per unit area. 

Market/Use 

Vermi compost is a valuable input for sustainable agriculture and wasteland development. This also can be used widely in pot 

culture and in home gardens. Several farmers are successfully using vermi-comost and selling it in nearby markets. The material 

can be either sold to forest department nurseries or to farmers practicing organic agriculture. Vermi compost has more nutrient 

compare to other manures and fertilizer so by the use of compost we can reduce the use of chemical fertilizer. Vermi compost not 

only supply nutrient but also improve quantity of hormones for plant growth, improves the soil structure leading to increase in water 

and nutrient holding capacities of soil. 

Components of A Commercial Unit 

Sheds 

Shed is necessary as the temperature in summer is high. We can make it by the use of concrete pillars because this will act as a 

source of income for those in the village who produce pillars. It will prevent wetting of beds due to rain on a windy day. While designing 

the sheds adequate room has to be left around the beds for easy movement of the labour attending to fill and harvest the beds. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Vermi-beds 

Scientific bed size proposed here is 10mt by 1 mt by 0.3 mt. The whole bed area should be above the ground. The bed should have a 

uniform height over the entire width to the extent possible to avoid low production owing to low bed volumes. The proper bed width 

should not be more that 1.5 m to allow easy access to the centre of the bed. 

Land 

About 750 square meter of land is required to set up a vermi compost production unit in each village. It should have at least one 

super structure to cover the 40 beds. It should have an arrangement for watering and other equipments as required because 

moisture is very essential for compost production. Land can be taken from Gram panchayat on lease of at least 10-15 years. 

Seed Stock 

This is very important thing because worms multiply at the rate of 350 worms per m 3 of bed space over a period of 6 month to 

a year. 

Fencing 

The entire area has to be fenced to prevent the stray animals and other unwanted elements. These could be estimated based on 

the length of the periphery of the farm. 

Water Supply System 

We have to maintain always 50% moisture content, there is need to plan for a water source, lifting mechanism and a system of 

conveying and applying the water to vermi-beds. Drippers with round the clock flow arrangement would be quite handy for 

continuous supply and saving on water. Such a water supply/application system requiring considerable initial investment, 

however, reduces the operational costs on hand watering and proves economical in the long run. The cost of these items depends 

on the capacity of the unit and the type of water supply chosen. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Machinery 

Farm machinery and implements are required for cutting the raw material in small pieces, conveying shredded raw material to the 

vermi-sheds, loading, unloading, collection of compost, loosening of beds for aeration, shifting of the compost. Costs of providing 

necessary implements and the machinery have to be included in the project cost. 

Table: 42.iv Model of a Vermi-compost Unit for 40 beds of Dimension (10mt*1mt*0.3mt) 

S. No Particulars Quantity Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.) 

1 Super Structure construction with truss with fencing 128750 

2 Shade net for covering the roof 750 sqrt mt. 25 18750 

3 Binding wire for tying 200 Kg 50 10000 

4 Labour charges for erection of sheds 100 100 10000 

5 Shovels, spades, crowbars, iron baskets etc 15000 

6 Weighing scale (100 kg capacity) 1 2500 2500 

7 Cow dung @ 80kg/m3 96 qtl 250 24000 

8 Worms 200 kg 70 14000 

9 Formation of vermin bed with agro-waste, cow dung and worms 50000 

10 Miscellaneous - - 3000 

11 Training 5000 

12 Total cost - - Rs. 281000 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No-42.v: Returns from vermicomposting 

Benefits 

1. Sale of vermin compost of 120 tones @ Rs.3000/- per ton 120*3000=360,000 Rs 

2. Sale of worms @ 5 kg per ton of compost and Rs. 50 per kg 600*50=30,000 Rs 

3.Total 

3,90,000 Rs/- 

Net benefit 

1,09,000 Rs/- 

Training will be provided to all the stakeholders by KVK and VVK, Rajkot which can be divided in to two categories and shown 

below. 

A. Theoretical 

• Introduction to Organic Farming 

• Need and the importance of Organic farming 

• Introduction to Composting methods 

• Vermi-culture 

• Earth Worms, nature, identification and selection 

• Vermi-castings 

• Vermi-compost 

• Marketing Avenues 

• Application of vermicomposting 

• Addresses of the suppliers of worms. 

B. Practical 

• Production Methods 

• Raw Materials 


DWDU, Rajkot 

• Site and the type of Infrastructure 

• Tank 

• Vermi-bed 

• Harvest 

• Quality Analysis 

• Storage & Packaging 

• Dos and Don’ts 

Production System – 3: Floriculture 

Floriculture industry a lucrative business comprising traditional flowers , cut flowers, pot plants, dry floral crafts and planting 

materials, besides value added products like bouquets, garlands, floral baskets, floral concretes, pot-pour and oils. It has proved to 

be a highly profitable agro-business generating maximum returns per unit area. Flowers like Rose, Marigold can be profitably 

cultivated. Rose and marigold fetch very high prices in the local market. This can be a good alternative and economic crop for the 

small stakeholders. The package of practices for commercial cultivation of these crops has been standardized and technology has 

been transferred. 

a) Marigold 

Marigold gained popularity amongst farmer and flower dealers on account of its easy culture, wide adaptability, attractive colour, 

shape, size and good keeping quality. Marigold is valued loose flower for making garlands. Besides, it is used as trap crop in the 

borders to attract insects attacking the main crop. Three weeks old seedlings are planted which grows upto a height of 75-90 cm at 

maturity with deep orange or lemon yellow flowers. It is propagated through seeds and cuttings. For better growth and 

improvement, application of NPK @80:40:80kg/ha is recommended. Flowers are plucked when they have attained the full size and 

it should be done in cool hours of the day either in the evening or morning. Good varieties of marigold are Namdhari marigold, 


DWDU, Rajkot 

First Lady and Pusa Narangi. Pinching of terminal leaves was found to significantly increase growth and yield in Pusa Basanti and 

Pusa Narangi gaindha. Pusa Narangi is mostly preferred due to higher flower production. 

Sowing time 

Transplanting 

time 

Flowering time 

Harvesting time 

Mid June Mid July Late rain 

Mid Sept. Mid October Winter 

Jan- Feb. Feb.- March Summer 

Input required 

Picked once in 3 

days; 60 days 

after planting 

Good quality seedlings, nursery to raise seedlings, manpower, manures and fertilizers. 

Table No-42.vii: Economics of Marigold cultivation 

Economics of Marigold cultivation in 1 Hectare 

S.No Particulars Expenditure (Rs.) Income 

1 Land Preparation 7500 - 

2 Seedlings (40000 nos) 20000 - 

3 Sowing/watering etc 15000 - 

4 Farm Yard Manure 15000 - 

5 Application of Fertiliser cost 3125 

6 Ploughing 7000 - 

7 Labour cost for weeding/soil bed 15000 - 

8 Plucking of flowers 7600 

9 Miscellaneous 2000 

Total Expenditure: 84625 

10 Production (Kg/Ha) Rate/Kg Income (Rs) 

11 2500 50 125000 

12 Net Profit 40375 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Activity Flow Chart - Marigold 

Climate (20-32 0 C) 

Sandy Loam 

Propagation 

Seed 

Stem Cutting 

Raising seedlings in open field 

Transplanting (1 month old) 

Spacing (50Cm × 50Cm) 

N:P:K (80:40:80kg/ha) + FYM 15 

tonnes/ha 

Irrigation (once in 4-5 days during dry period) 

Weeding 

Pinching after 40 days of transplanting 

Harvesting 

For Local market packed in cloth, poly 

bags and basket 


DWDU, Rajkot 

b) Sunflower 

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important oilseed crop in India popularly known as “Surajmukhi.” It is one of the fastest 

growing oilseed crops in India. Sunflower being a short duration and day neutral plant is quite suitable to fit in our existing 

cropping system. Sunflower is a major source of vegetable oil in the world. It is used for a variety of cooking purposes. Sunflower 

seed contains about 48 – 53 percent edible oil. It is used as nutritious meal for birds and animals. Sunflower has one of the shortest 

growing seasons of the major cash crops. Plants are drought-resistant and grow well in soils ranging in texture from sand to clay. 

Soils should have good drainage for sunflower production. 

Like most field crops, sunflower requires the kind of good seed-bed which results from carrying out a second ploughing if the field 

is planted on a fallow/barren land. By ploughing, only once on already cultivatable land, however, a farmer can reduce his variable 

costs of production. By and large farmers have now adopted improved methods of planting. The crop was initially broadcast done 

before sunflower gained popularity from various institutions. Line planting, however, is now dominant with recommended spacing 

of 75cm by 50cm and 2 seeds per hole. An application of P 20 5 fertilizer before planting and 60kg/ha of Nitrogen at thinning are 

recommended. Lower plant populations are recommended in areas where rainfall is limited (on average 33,000-45,000 plants per 

ha in semi-arid areas). However, the highest yields and oil percentages are obtained by planting early. Seed can be planted to a 

maximum depth of 10cm if necessary to reach moisture. 

Sunflower harvesting 

Sunflower harvesting, by hand or machine, takes place when the upper leaves have started to dry and the flowers are faded. 

In some cases, especially when the fields are small, it is preferable to harvest the crop before maturity. This decreases the risk of 

losses from attacks by birds and other pests. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Hand harvesting 

Manual harvesting is done by cutting off heads with a knife or clippers. 

If, at harvest time, the moisture content of the seeds is higher than 15 percent, the heads should be pre-dried before threshing. 

Mechanized harvest 

Mechanized harvesting of sunflowers is generally done with combine harvesters designed for wheat, but modified and equipped 

with a sunflower-picker head. The work capacity of these machines is about 0.9 h/ha. 

Seed Type 

Name of the hybrids 

KBSH-1, Jwalamukhi, Sungene-85, PAC-36, PAC-1091, 

MLSFH-47 

GAUSUF-15, Morden TNAUSUF-7 

Name of the varieties 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table No-42.viii Technical Details of Sunflower Plantation Activities 

Particulars 

Value 

Crop Name 

Sunflower 

Plant To Plant Spacing 0.50 mt 

Row to Row Spacing 0.75 mt 

Seed Required 32 Kg Kg 

No. or rows 133 No. 

Cultivation Area(100 X 100) Mt 10000 Sq. Mt 

No. of Plants 3000 Nos. 

Plantation Area 1.00 Ha. 

No. of Plants for 1.00 ha 30000 Nos. 

Gap Filling 20 % 

S. No. Description No. Lengt 

h(m.) Width Depth 

(m.) (m.) 

Unit Quantity Rate Amount 

1 Cultivation cost before sowing 100 100 Ha 10000 4850 

2 Providing sunflower seeds(Incl. transportation, loading 

and unloading 

32 Kg 32 225 7200 

3 Sowing of sunflower seeds 3200 

4 Irrigation and other miscalleneous cost 35000 

5 Application of fertilizers and fugicides, watering, weeding cost and 

25000 

other treatment etc complete 

6 Threshing and collection of sunflowers 4500 

7 Contigency . 6500 

Total 86250 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Cost Benefit ratio of sunflower plantation 

Total cost of 1 Hactare plantation : Rs.86250 

Total benefit obtained from the sunflower plantation : 

Total Yield from 1 hactare : 980 Kg 

Cost of sunflower seeds in the market : Rs. 117 per Kg 

So, total amount obtained from the sunflower plantation is Rs. 115250 

So, Net Profit will be Rs. 115250-86250 = Rs.29000 per Hactare 

c) Rose Plantation 

Commercial Farming of Rose in Gujarat: The main districts which are having commercial farming of rose are Ahmedabad, 

Baroda, Anand, Surat, Navsari and Valsad. Nowadays Saurashtra farmers have also been motivated for rose farming through 

watershed activities. 

Varieties of Rose : There are approx. 2000 varieties of roses are available. Some of them are as under. 

1) Miniature (Vaman) Rose : Plants are short, Leaves are small, Planted in buckets(kundas) or around the garden. 

Varities in this types are Baby gold star, Pipilov, Scarlet Jem, Nartaki 

2) Floribanda : big size flowers, flowers are in bunch. 

Varieties : 

White : Iceburg, Summer s now, Hemangini 

Pink : Queen Elisabeth, Junius miss, Delhi prince, Bon bon, Narmada, Rupal 

Orange :Anabel , Flemeko, Zenina, Sunfire, Dipak, Dipika 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Red : Europeana, Marlena, Zizi, Devdaji, Jantar-mantar 

Yellow : Circus, Golden Rain, Mahadev 

Lovender : Mahuva, Milambari, Sushma 

3) Hybrid-Tee : Most adoptable variety in India, big and attractive flowers. 

White : Virgo, Paskali, White masterpiece, Tushar, John of Kienedy, Vite van, Garden party 

Pink : Confidence, Marita Flash, Michel Miland, Pitar Fenkrenfold, First Prize 

Yellow : Garga, Golden giant, Landora, Mubela, Bikaner 

Orange : Arizona, Kolit flame, Just Joy, Super Star, Montezuma 

Red : Papa Miland, Red master piece, krimson Glory, Red devil, Sofia loren, happiness Gladiator 

4) Mixd Colour : Criss of fire, careless love, Granda,American hemirtes 

Poly entha : short plants, long time seed germination 

Velia Gulab : like Velas, Varieties : Casino, Koktel delhi white, purl, lemark tempo, Royal gold 

Climate: Cold and dry atmosphere is best suited for rose planting. Rose can be planted in hot and moist enviroment also but 

requires more scope of disease. 

Soil: Soil with good drain, fertile and medium black soil is suited to rose planting. It can be sown in sandy soil also, but required 

more compost manure. 

Sometimes due to poor drain capacity of black soil, water logging damages rose plants. By improving soil drain capacity, 

rose plants can be sown in heavy black soil also. Rose plants require more sunlight. so it should be sown in place which is open to 

sunlight. 

Sowing: Digging pits of size 60x60x60 c 


DWDU, Rajkot 

m in size and it should be open to sunlight upto 10 to 15 days. In the dig soil 6 to 8 kg cow dung manure should be mixed. 

Moreover, 50gm Urea, 100 Gram super phosphate and 50 gram Murate of potash should be mixed. If fungi is there, 3 to 5 gm BHC 

should also be mixed. 

Time of sowing: Roses can be sown throughout the year. But it should not be sown in heavy rainfall season like July-August and 

also not in April-May. 

Table No-42.ix: Economic of Rose cultivation in 1 Hectare 

Economic of Rose cultivation in 1 Hectare 

S.No Particulars Expenditure (Rs.) Income 

1 Land Preparation 7500 

2 Seedlings (5000 nos), Rs. 6 per plant 30000 - 

3 Sowing/watering etc 12500 - 

4 Farm Yard Manure 12000 - 

5 Application of Fertiliser cost 2800 

6 Ploughing 7000 - 

7 Labour cost for weeding/soil bed 18000 - 

8 Plucking of flowers(Considering 58 Mandays) 8900 

9 Miscellaneous 2000 

Total Expenditure: 100700 

10 Production (Kg/Ha) Rate Income 

11 1250 120 150000 

Net Profit : 49300 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Production system -4 Agricultural Implements 

1. Introduction 

The agricultural implements cover ploughs, threshers, axes, powrahs, chaffcutter machine, cultivators, seed drills, etc. These 

implements are used for agriculture work to improve the efficiency and reduce the labour. A large variety of agricultural 

implements are also used as attachments to tractors. Cultivators and other implements should be manufactured either as per the 

design available in the market or the designs developed or recommended by agricultural institutions/universities of the region. 

Sr. No. Name of Implement Cost (Rs.) Rent(Rs./Day) 

1 Spray Pump(Simple) 3500.00 100.00 

2 Spray Pump(Automatic) 5000.00 200.00 

3 Spray Pump (Tractor Operated) 12000.00 300.00 

4 Chaff cutter 40000.00 - 

4 Rotavator 110000.00 2500.00 

5 Cultivator 40000.00 1000.00 

6 Automatic Seed Drill 60000.00 1500.00 

7 Rotary shredder 130000.00 5000.00 

8 Thresher 175000.00 2000.00 

9 Harvesting Machine 75000.00 1500.00 

10 Cotton uprooting instrument 29500.00 20.00 

11 Strives 20000.00 - 

700000.00 14120.00 

This Machinery can be provided to a group which can maintain by the members 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Cost of Implements(Initial Capital) : Rs. 700000.00 

(A) Considering 5% Depreciation Per Year : Rs. 35000.00 

(B) Considering 10% Maintenance cost Per Year : Rs.70000.00 

(A+B) Rs. 105000.00 

Net Income per Annum: Rs. 423000.00 

(Considering 5 times in a season and considering 3 seasons in a year) 

Net profit per year: Rs. 318600.00 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.43.1: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas 

S. No. 

Target 

Name(s) of the 

villages 

CPR particulars Activity proposed Target area under the 

activity (ha) 

Estimated expenditure 

(Rs.) 

Expected no. of 

beneficiaries 

Kanpar 

Juna Pipaliya 

Jivapar 

Dolatpar 

Sanathali 

Waste land Fodder 8.5 1.90 45 

Community 

Pasture land 

Plantation 0.25 0.12 15 

Waste land Jatropha 1 0.34 12 

Waste land 

Grassland/Gauchar 

development 

2 0.60 35 

Community 

Pasture land 

Fodder 5 1.91 42 


Waste land Afforestation 0.5 0.55 22 

Waste land Fodder 7.6 1.35 28 


Community 

Pasture land 

Fodder Plot 5.4 1.52 35 

Community 

Pasture land 



Waste 

land/Pasture 

Fodder 6.8 1.35 35 

Cultivable waste 

land 

Afforestation 0.5 0.55 16 

Waste land Afforestation 0.5 0.55 22 

Waste land Fodder/Phoenix 7.6 1.35 28 


DWDU, Rajkot 


Community 

Pasture land 

4.4 Capacity building and Institutional collaboration 


Watershed management and development requires the collaboration of a wide range of farmers’ organizations as well as 

extension and research institutions at various levels. This gives implementers access a wider technical resource base, creates 

better information flows and encourages mutual learning. Watersheds serve as a confluence between lands and communities, 

providing ample opportunities for members to share complementary expertise. A watershed contains producers (farmers), 

possibly actors that add value to produce, traders and consumers information, and education institutions to test their joint efforts 

to make a difference. Watersheds can be also a good ground for learning and demonstration of expertise. 

Scope of capacity building at Project Villages 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Generation Activities 

o Stiching 

o Food Processing 

o Post Harvest management practices Fodder development and Management 

Crop Information 

Meteorological Information 

Alternative Land Use Plan 

Improved and Scientific agriculture practices 

Scientific planning of Soil and Moisture conservation 

Information dissemination on Audio/Video 

Dairy Development and Management 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 44: Institutes Identified for Capacity Building 

S.No Organisation Training Modules 

1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Targharia, Rajkot Training in modern and scientific agriculture practices 

2 Farmers training center, Rajkot Better agriculture practices and Organic farming to 

UGs. 

3 Junagarh Agril. University, Junagarh Training in modern and better agriculture practices 

4 CSWCRTI, Vasad,Anand SMC works, New Innovative techniques in SMC works 

5 Udyog Bharti, Gondal, Rajkot Microenterprise development activities 

6 District industrial center, Rajkot Mechanical training and support training to 

stakeholders 

7 SIRD, Ahmedabad Participatory approach and Engineering aspects in 

watershed 

8 BISAG Space application and Different maps preparation 

Early and ongoing stakeholder collaboration and communication in capacity building is also important from the point viewpoint of 

“leveling the playing field” in anticipation of disputes that may arise. Filling strategic skills/capacity gaps supports Integrated 

Water resources Management, facilitates dispute resolution, and builds practical understanding of the scope of sustainable natural 

resource development challenges and opportunities. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan 

S. No. Village Project Stakeholders 

Total no. of No. of persons to be No. of training 

persons 

trained 

programmes 


PIA 5 5 25 135000 

WDTs 5 5 20 120500 


UGs 375 375 10 265000 

SHGs 1220 1220 15 332000 

WCs 60 60 35 360000 

GPs 22 22 8 70000 

Table no.46: Information, Education and Communication Activities 

S. No. Activity Executing agency 

Estimated expenditure 

(Rs.) 

1 Street plays Local drama group 1.526 

Wall paintings/ Focussed DWDU, Rajkot 

2 Group discussion/Slogan 

1.526 

writing 

3 Pamphlets and posters DWDU, Rajkot 1.908 

Banners and 

DWDU, Rajkot 

4 

hoardings/Entry 

1.145 

board/Information board 

Total: 7.63 

Outcome 

Awareness generation and 

making beneficiaries 

accountable for sustainable 

development 


DWDU, Rajkot 

CHAPTER - 5 

BUDGETING 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Budgeting 

Table no. 47: Budget at a glance 

Budget Component % of the Budget Rs in Lacs 

Net Project Cost 100 898.05 

-Administrative Costs 10 89.805 

-Monitoring 1 8.9805 

-Evaluation 1 8.9805 

Preparatory phase: 

-Entry point activities 4 35.922 

-Institution and capacity building 5 

44.9025 

-Detailed Project Report (DPR) 1 8.9805 

Watershed Works Phase: 

-Watershed Development works, 50 449.025 

-Livelihood activities for the asset less persons, 10 

89.805 

-Production system and micro enterprises 13 116.747 

Consolidation Phase 5 44.9025 

Total 100 898.05 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 48: Village wise- component wise budget available under IWMP 

Sl 

no 

Village 

EPA 

Institution 

and CB 

DPR 

Watershed 

development 

Work 

Activity 

Livelihood 

for asset 

less 

Production 

system and 

Microenterprises 

Consolidation 

1 Kanpar 

6.5202 8.15025 1.63005 91.282 14.670 16.300 4.89 143.44 

2 Juna 

Pipaliya 

3 

Jivapar 

4 

5 

Dolatpar 

Santhali 

4.551 5.68875 1.13775 63.714 10.2398 11.3775 3.41325 100.122 

6.1386 7.67325 1.53465 85.9404 13.8119 15.3465 4.60395 135.04 

1.821 2.27625 0.45525 25.494 4.09725 4.5525 1.36575 40.06 

16.8912 21.114 4.2228 236.4768 38.0052 42.228 12.6684 371.60 

Total 35.922 44.9025 8.9805 502.9072 80.82415 89.8045 26.94135 790.262 

Table no. 49: Village wise gap in funds requirement 

Sl No Village Total cost requirement Total funds 

available under 

IWMP 

1 Kanpar 163.01 163.01 - 

2 Juna Pipaliya 114.28 113.78 0.5 

3 Jivapar 153.47 153.47 - 

4 Dolatpar 46.53 45.53 1.00 

5 Santhali 422.28 422.28 - 

Total 899.55 898.05 1.5 

Gap in funds 

requirement 

Total 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no.50: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes 

S. No. Village Phase/ Type of work 

1 

Juna Pipaliya 

Activity to be carried 

out 

Fund made 

available to 

IWMP due to 

convergence 

(Rs. in lakh) 

Reference no. of 

activity/ task/ 

structure in DPR 

Level at 

which 

decision for 

convergence 

was taken 

Works Farm bunding 0.50 MGNREGA Dist level 

2 Dolatpar Works Farm bunding 1.00 MGNREGA Dist level 

Total for cluster 1.50 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 51: Public-Private Partnership in the IWMP projects 

S. 

No. 


Private 

Sector 

Partner 

Agency 

Type of agreement signed 

c) Any other 

a)MoU b)Contract 

(pl. specify) 

Financial 

contribution 

Private 

IWMP 

sector 

Partnership 

Interventions 

Expected 

Outcomes 

Comments 

Not Available 


DWDU, Rajkot 

CHAPTER - 6 

EXPECTED OUTCOMES 


DWDU, Rajkot 

6.1 Expected Outcomes 

6.1.1 Environmental Benefits: As demand for groundwater has gone up, rapid urbanization and land use changes have decreased 

drastically the already low infiltration rates of rainfall into the soil and have diminished the natural recharging of aquifers. The ground 

water table thus has depleted over the years. Substantial opportunities exist for groundwater recharge and water harvesting to 

supplement water supplies in the Kanpar, Junapiplya, Jivapar, Dolatpar and Sanathali village. In order to improve the ground water 

situation it is necessary to artificially recharge the depleted ground water aquifers. The available techniques are easy, cost-effective 

and sustainable in the long term. Many of these can be adopted by the individuals and village communities with locally available 

materials and manpower. Proper water harvesting structures and percolation-tanks will be constructed to increase ground water 

table from 15-18 mt to 12-15 mt in the post project period. Tree cover in the cluster villages is very less. The village has a forest area of 

100.2 ha in the cluster area which consists of only Juliflora Prosopis (ganda babool) and other forest trees. Trees like Neem, Sitaphal and 

Lemon are seen on few farm boundaries. It is planned that 60.76 ha land to be covered under new plantation in both villages. 

Table no.52: Environmental Benefits 

Sr. 

No. Village 

Soil loss 

(Tonnes/ha/yr) 

Water storage 

(Cumec) Ground water table (mt) Tree cover 

Preproject 

Expected 

postproject 

Preproject 

Expected 

postproject 

Open 

well: 

preproject 

Open 

well: 

postproject 

Bore 

well: 

preproject 

Bore 

well: 

postproject 

Area 

in Ha.: 

preproject 

Area 

in Ha.: 

postproject 

Tree 

count: 

preproject 

1 Kanpar 

Juna 

2 Pipaliya 

3 Jivapar 

4 Dolatpar 

5 Sanathali 2478.27 991.40 

6.1.2: Drinking water 

384000 

10005400 

15-18 

12-15 

40-50 35-45 45 126.76 

Tree 

count: 

postproject 

16105 50704 


DWDU, Rajkot 

The five villages in the project area totally depend upon Narmada water supply for drinking and other domestic activities. 

WASMO/Sector reform has constructed tanks to store water in all the villages. As a result of the watershed activities, it is expected that 

the quantity and quality of drinking water would improve and will be available to villagers from well constructed downstream of check 

dams. 

Table no. 53: Status of Drinking water 

Sl. No. 


Villages 

Availability of drinking water (no. of months in a year) 

Quality of drinking water 

Pre-project Expected Post project Pre-project Expected Post-project 

Comments 

1 Kanpar Narmada Pipe line Water available from Well, 

Check dams, PT and Narmda 

Pipe line 

2 Juna Pipaliya Narmada and Panchayat 

Well 

3 Jivapar Narmada and 

Well/Borewell 

4 Dolatpar Narmada and Panchayat 

Well 

5 Sanathali Narmada and Panchayat 

Well 

Water available from Well, 

Check dams, PT, Bore Well 

and then Narmda Pipe line 






Roof water harvesting and 

Bore Well 

Potable Potable 






DWDU, Rajkot 

6.1. 3: Crops 

Due to additional availability of water in new structures, farmers will be able to grow vegetable crops during non rainy 

seasons. Even after taking rainy season and post rainy season crops into consideration, they will get a good price for vegetables 

in summer also. Mostly farmers with large families will prefer to grow vegetables, as the crops need timely availability of 

human labor to harvest and encash the market potential. The planned earthen bunds and salinity reducing trenches would 

partially prevent the saline water from the sea to mix with the sweet rain water and also help to percolate water underground, 

and preserve some moisture in the soil. Also the proposed soil and water conservation activities will bring more areas under 

cultivation. New agricultural practices, new technology, organic farming etc will be demonstrated in the villages. This will help 

in additional area coming under cultivation and increasing productivity too. The farmers can take more than one season of 

crops. Different varieties of crops can be taken. 

Table no. 54: Details of crop area and yield in the project areas 


Kanpar 

Juna Pipaliya 

Jivapar 

Dolatpar 

Name of crops 

Pre-project 

Expected Post-project 

Khariff Area (ha) Average Yield (Qtl) per ha. Area (ha) Average Yield per 

ha 

Cotton 4846.08 14.22 5330.688 15.87 

Groundnut 1838 11.89 2003.42 12.96 

Pulses 572.14 9.30 600.747 11.50 

Kanpar 

Juna Pipaliya 

Jivapar 

Dolatpar 

Santhali 

Rabi 

Wheat 3594.7 21.08 4493.375 24.80 

Jiru 884.8 9.44 973.28 11.35 

Garlic/Fodder 353 34.18 370.65 36.25 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Table no. 55: Area under horticulture/Other crops 

S.No. Name of Village Existing area under horticulture (Ha) Area under horticulture proposed to be 

covered through IWMP(Ha) 

1 Kanpar 4.5 13.5 

2 Junapiplya 6.35 16.5 

3 Jivapar 11.25 16.5 

4 Dolatpar 6.75 - 

5 Sanathali 12.5 104 

Total 41.35 150.5 

6.1.4 Livestock 

The village has quite a good of livestock population. These include cows, bullocks, buffaloes, goats, sheep. The interventions like 

provision of good quality cows and buffaloes, the establishment of a fodder bank and other such related activities would spur up the 

dairy development in the village. It is expected that the post project period would see a substantial increase in livestock population 

and yield from them. 

Table no. 56: Details of livestock in the project areas (for fluids please mention in litres, solids in kg and income in Rs.) 

S.No. Name of Village Type of Animal 

Pre-Project 

Expected Post-project 

1 Kanpar 

Juna Pipaliya 

Jivapar 

Dolatpar 

Santhali 

No Yield Income No. Yield Income 

Milch-animals 

Cow (per animal/day) 901 3.5 52 1261 5 105 

Buffalo(per animal/day) 1558 6.25 187.5 2181 3.5 219 

Goat(Meat:Rs/kg) 643 8 220 900 10 270 

Sheep(Meat:Rs/kg) 719 6 140 1007 7.15 160 


DWDU, Rajkot 

6.1.5 Employment 

This programme also aims simultaneously to improve the living conditions of the abuttant user communities. Employment 

opportunities will be created to the people living in the watershed through different soil and water conservation activities and 

livelihood activities. Self employment would be created by providing the people with cash support in the form of direct livelihood 

activities like agriculture, animal husbandry and micro-enterprise development. 

Table no. 57: Employment in Project area 

s. Names of 

Wage employment Employment Self employment 

NO. Villages 

No. of mandays No. of beneficiaries No. of beneficiaries 

SC ST Others Women Total SC ST Others Women Total SC ST Others Women Total 

1 

Kanpar 9550 0 54672 32000 289 0 1678 972 

40 192 116 

2939 

348 

2 Junapiplya 3230 0 40034 23120 96222 114 0 1483 812 2409 13 175 97 285 

3 Jivapar 5075 0 54165 30319 66384 190 0 2044 1135 3369 22 240 136 398 

4 Dolatpar 1505 0 16472 8900 89559 91 0 955 562 1608 10 114 67 191 

Sanathali 14474 0 154437 85000 26877 506 0 3010 5399 8915 61 648 361 1070 

5 Total 33834 0 319780 179339 532953 1190 0 9170 8880 19240 146 0 1369 777 2292 

6.1.6 Migration 

WSD can open up new opportunities for households to both intensify and extensify production, for example through: 

• Increasing the frequency of cultivation – new water harvesting structures often permits cultivation of a second crop, or ‘lifesaving’ 

irrigation of a main crop. 

• Adopting new technologies, such as improved varieties of staple crops, higher levels of input use and higher yields; shifts to the 

cultivation of higher value crops in the project areas expected. 

• Expansion of cultivated areas – soil and water conservation interventions can bring new land into production. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

All of the above tend to generate increased demands for labour. These may be provided initially from farm family sources and 

subsequently by hired labour. Employment opportunities in the local area as mentioned above will ensure lessening seasonal 

migration from the area. 

Table no. 58: Details of seasonal migration from Project area 

SI. No. Names of villages No. of persons migrating No. of days per year of 

migration 

Pre-project Expected post project Pre-project Expected post 

1 Kanpar 58 32 > 90-120 60 

2. Junapiplya 35 13 > 90-120 60 

3 Jivapar 109 46 > 90-120 55 

4 Dolatpar 49 18 > 90-120 60 

5 Sanathali 182 64 > 90-120 50 

Table no.59: Per capita Income 

Sr. No. Village Source of Income Pre-project Expected post project 

1 

Kanpar 

Junapiplya 

Jivapar 

Dolatpar 

Sanathali 

Agriculture 254308928 53404874.88 

Forestry NA NA 

Animal Husbandry 15523210 18317387.8 

Casual Labour 27692700 14495301 

Services/Handicrafts/Business 10721750 13402187.58 

Total 43215910 71722263 

Linkages 

The direct livelihood activities need good forward and backward support. Without such support system the activities may fail to deliver 

the desired results. These linkages would involve credit, machinery, input supply, marketing, etc. 

Table no. 60: Backward-Forward linkages 


DWDU, Rajkot 

S. No. Project Type of Marketing Facility Pre-project During the project (no.) Post-project (no.) 


Backward linkages 

Seed certification 

Seed supply system 1 1 

Fertilizer supply system 1 2 

Pesticide supply system 

Credit institutions - Bank-1 Bank-2 

Water supply SSNL Well/Tube well Well/Tube well 

Extension services KVK/ Govt Org KVK/Govt Org. 

Nurseries - 

Kits/Tools/Machinery suppliers - 

Price Support system 

Labour 

Any other (please specify) 

Forward linkages 

Harvesting/threshing machinery 

Storage (including cold storage) 

Transport facilities 

Markets / Mandis 

Agro and other Industries 

Milk and other collection centres 6 

Labour 

Any other (please specify) 

Collective marketing 

system 

Collective marketing 

system 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Logical Framework Analysis 

Narrative Summary Indicators Source of verification Assumptions 

Goal: 

Sustainable Development and 

conservation of natural resources 

with the help of Peoples 

Participation 

Objective 1 

Increased Agricultural 

Production and overall 

development 

Increase in contribution of 

agricultural income to the 

household income 

Increase soil moisture content 1.1 Less Uncertainty in 

Output 

Soil moisture content will increase 

Activities 

1.1 Farm bunding 

1-2 Crop demonstration/rotation 

Agricultural Production 

1.2 Farmers take two 

crops in a year 

1.1 Clear growth of vegetation 

cover 

1.2 Certainty in Khariff ,Rabi crop 

1.1 397.37 Ha- Rs 61.25 

1.2 9.50 Ha Rs 8.09 

1.1 Discussion with 

Villagers/Farmers 

1.2 Soil testing 

1.3 Physical verification 

Discussion with 

Villagers/Farmers 

1.1 Physical verificatiSon 

1.2 Records in asset 

Repair and Maintenance and 

taking care of conservation 

structures 

Time to time take care of 

structures 

1.1 Money spent on right 

time 


DWDU, Rajkot 

1-3 Organic farming/Mulching 1.3 8.50 Ha Rs 7.62 register 

1.3 Interferences from GIS 

maps at different times 

1.4 Measurement Book 

1.2 Proper scientific 

methods used 

1-3 Workers are ready 

1.4 Fields are free from 

crops 

Objective 2 

Increase irrigation potential 

2.1 Increased irrigated area 

2.2 Increase in Land value 

2.3 More uncultivable lands to be 

brought under agriculture and 

2.1 Revenue records 

2.2 Patwari map 

2.3 Maps from GIS 

2.1 Judicious use of water 

2.2 Accessibility to common 

and forest lands increased 

with removal of 

new plantations 

encroachments and 

resolution of conflicts. 

Output 

Increased irrigation water 

2.1 Increased water table in wells 


2.2 Structures full to its 

2.2 Increase in flow period of 

2.2 Records in asset 

capacity 

streams 

register 

2.3 Good amount of rainfall 

2.3 Interferences from GIS 

received 

maps at different times 

2.4 Promotion of better 

Irrigation practices like 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Activities 

2.1 Nalla/Gully plug 

2.2 Percolation tank 

2.3 Farm ponds 

2.4 Repair of old Check dams 

2.5 Check dams 

Objective 3 

To improve Soil Quality 

2-1 21 Nos. 

2.2 14 Nos 

2.3 57Nos 

2.4 26 nos 

2.5 95 nos 

3.1 Agriculture based livelihood 

income generation activities 

3.2 Promotion of organic farming 

Practices 

drip irrigation 

2.1 Physical verification 2.1 Good amount of rainfall 

2.2 Records in asset 2.1 Size according to 

register 

catchment and storage 

2.3 Interferences from GIS volume calculation 

maps at different times 2.3 No seepage from 

structure 

3.1 Physical verification 3.1 Availability of 

waste/mulching material 

Output 

Quality of Soil improved 

3.1 Agriculture production will 

Increase 

3.2 Plantation of fruits and forest 

species 


3.2 Market Survey 

3.3 Soil testing 

3.1 Composting material 

used and refilled according 

to farm requirement 

3.2 Use it in right time 

Activities 

3.1 Composting 3.1 51 Nos. Physical verification 3.1 People ready for 


DWDU, Rajkot 

3.2 Application of Farm yard 

3.2 2.1 lakh 

voluntary contribution for 

manure 

3.3 1.25 lakh 

Biogas Structure 

3.3 Use of FYM enriched with Route 

3.2 Available of cow dung at 

Phosphate and Bio-Fertilizers 

right time 

3.3 Proper maintenance of 

structures 

Objective 4 

To increase fodder availability 

4.1 Increase in the proportion of 

4.1 Survey(Pre and 

4.1 Quality of management 

households having more security 

Post) 

of common property 

of fodder 

resources 

4.2 Reduction in drudgery of 

4.2 Proper distribution of 

fodder 

seedling and take care. 

collection especially women 

Out put 

Increased fodder availability 

4.1 Health of live stock improved 

4.1 Expenditure on 

4.1 Proper seedling 

4.2 Expected increase in cattle 

seedling from register 

4.2 Proper care and 

population 

4.2 List of beneficiaries 

maintenance 

4.3 promotion of dairy 

from the register 

development among 

communities 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Activities 

4.1 Pasture land and grassland will 

4.1 Rs. 9.87 Spent on fodder 

4.1 WC's Reports 

4.1 Peoples participating 

be developed. 

4.2 Verification on farm bunds 

4.2 Expenditure 

4.2 Proper variety Selection 

4.2 On farm bunds selected local 

Register 

4.3 Social fencing 

species and fodder crops 

4.3 Resolution in WC's 

4.4 Physical 

verification 

Objective 5 

5.1 People's participation/women's 

5.1 Women participation 

Project to be implemented 

socio-political and economic 

enhanced in decision-making of 

and managed in a 

empowerment in watershed for 

GVCs. 

democratic and 

income generation activities 

participatory way ensuring 

equity. 

Output 

5.1 Maintenance of assets and 

5.1 Frequent meetings 

5.1 Proper training 

5.1 Community Mobilised 

records by the villagers 

5.2 Training register 

provided 

5.2 Community Trained 

themselves. 

5.3 Increased 

5.2 No biasness in villages 

5.3 Better standard of living 

participation 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Activities 

5.1 Formation and strengthening of 

5.1 Increased awareness amongst 

5.1 Farmable socio- 

5.1 No influence of any 

village institutions like women's SHG 

groups/WC/UGs and WCs through 

awareness programmes 

5.2 Formation of fodder banks to 

increase fodder security and promote 

dung development 

5.3 Capapcity building of SHG leaders 

and accounts members 

/farmers/UGs/WCs through 

workshop/meetings 

5.4 Income generation activities. 

women about village resources. 

5.2 Women participation 

enhanced in decision-making of 

GVCs. 

5.3 Farmers adopt organic 

farming practices 

5.4 Increased household income 

5.5 Improved access to credit to 

livelihood purposes. 

5.6 Gender sensitization of UGs 

cultural conditions at the 

village 

5.2 Checking registers of 

SHGs 

5.3 Checking passbook of 

groups 

5.4 Physical verification of 

income generation 

activities 

5.5Posters/banners/meeti 

external agency 

5.2 Smooth flow of funds 

5.3 Access to appropriate 

technology 

5.4 People's Participation 

and 

positive perception 

towards the programme 

5.5 Awareness campaign 

and WCs to increase 

ng register 

inclusiveness of group decision 

making. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

CHAPTER - 7 

QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation 

Quality and Sustainability Issues 

A Web-based CIS System is being developed for monitoring and evaluating the project in its planning & implementation 

phases. The system would be available on a public domain and can be accessed by all the stakeholders of the project. The 

system shows the entire state of Gujarat and all of those areas selected over the next 18 years. Filtering allows the user to 

zoom onto one particular project. Details related to soil type, Land-use classification, inhabitation etc., can be obtained villagewise. 

Furthermore, survey-number wise details related to ownership, irrigation source, yield etc., can also be accessed by the users 

of the system. This system is being used for pooling up the details obtained from the DPR. In other words, the DPR is made available 

online in the form of a database which will help the stakeholders know areas of importance viz., already treated areas/historical 

works in the area, proposed areas for treatment etc., for further treatment and planning. The system would also show the satellite 

imageries of various years from the project inception stage to the project closing stages. This allows the user to evaluate the 

effectiveness of the treatment and thereby plan corrective measures for the project area. The system would serve as an aiding 

tool to the planners and evaluators for judging the efficacy of the project. 

Yet another component of the Web-based CIS system is the Mobile based Monitoring & Evaluation System, which will help 

the ground staff alias WDTs (Watershed Development Team) to transmit information from the ground level to the central server. 

Also, any higher-up official in charge of the project can obtain information regarding the project area on their mobile phone by 

means of an SMS. The system works in the following manner. The WDT equipped with a GPS instrument marks the latitudelongitude 

information of various treatment areas during the DPR. The probable sites are then transferred onto the central 

server. During the works phase, any progress in the treatment area is reported to the server by means of an SMS by the WDT. 

Similarly, any nodal officer or higher-up official can view the progress in a project by means of summarized reports generated 

over frequent periods of time. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Vigilance and Monitoring Committees 

1. For every work sanctioned under the Scheme, there should be a local vigilance and monitoring committee, composed of 

members of the locality or village where the work is undertaken, to monitor the progress and quality of work while it is in 

progress. The Gram Sabha will elect the members of this committee and ensure that SC/STs and women are represented on it. 

2. The Implementing Agency should apprise this committee of estimates regarding the work, time frame and quality parameters. 

The final report of the committee should be attached along with the Completion Certificate of the work, and should also be placed 

at the next meeting of the Gram Sabha in the Panchayat where work has been executed. 

3. Local beneficiary committees may also be constituted for effective articulation of their entitlements and their access to them. 

The PIA members will be responsible for ensuring that local monitoring committees/beneficiary committees are constituted. 

Research support in watershed management 

Watershed management requires the support of research. Watershed projects will be used as on-farm sites for research designed 

and implemented with significant involvement of farmers and extension workers to produce site-specific technological solutions. 

This leads to problems in adoption and up-scaling of research findings within specific watersheds. There is also the question of upscaling 

technologies and approaches beyond a designated watershed. At the same time, researchers will be able to relate research 

activities to the real problems facing farmers or to capture the locally developed or modified technologies. Yet there is a need to 

give technologies appropriate technical and scientific definition and to disseminate them widely. 

Farmer organization and empowerment 

The management of natural resources requires strong and effective farmer organizations. Such organizations empower 

farmers and create a good foundation for the transfer, adoption and use of information on new technologies. They also help in 

negotiating for inputs at favorable prices. 

Strong farmers’ organizations can be a conduit for services that meet felt needs. These needs include information to 


DWDU, Rajkot 

improve production and marketing, credit, and demand driven approaches that ensure ownership and sustainability of 

interventions. 

Farmers’ organization allows the use of participatory approaches that recognize local capacity and indigenous knowledge. 

It incorporates the aspirations and perceptions that influence decision-making, while giving farmers an important role in planning 

and implementation of watershed management activities. Such participation is important for the success, continuity and 

sustainability of the resource management programmes. 

Often a successful watershed knits together many aspects of the people’s lives apart from purely technical issues. Many 

conservation and basic group production initiatives have widened into a social movement dealing with matters such as weddings, 

funerals, care for the elderly and the disadvantaged, and other issues in the community. 

The initial natural resources focus also widens into a set of integrated activities such as the improvement of houses, 

provision of water and electricity, acquisition of improved tools, seeds and livestock, all in the name of watershed management. 

Empowerment of farmers therefore allows farmers to demand services and to ensure the continued role of the state in 

supporting watershed development. 

Use of traditional institutions and indigenous knowledge 

Experience has shown that to effectively reach the farmers and to create viable watershed management options, it is 

important to respect indigenous knowledge and combine it with the formal modern science and technology. Local traditional 

institutions should be part and parcel of the process. For instance, there is a lot of under-used indigenous knowledge about climate, 

soils, biodiversity and other production conditions that confront farmers. A lot of research findings are abstract to extension 

providers and farmers alike. Such findings need to be married with indigenous knowledge and disseminated in a language that 

farmers and members of traditional institutions can understand. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

Plans For Project management: 

The Project management of any watershed programme is very important. It mainly depends upon the community 

organization and the village level institutes. Under all watersheds committee and various user groups and SHGs have been 

formulated for post project operation and maintenance of assets created during project period. Major emphasis will be on equity 

and sustainable benefit of the project even after implementation stage. A proper link-up will be built during project period with 

various institutes and capacity building organization. They will act as a major kingpin during post implementation for scaling up the 

successful experience during project. 

Watershed Development Fund: 

Such contributions will promote feeling of “ownership” of the programme among stakeholders. This will contribute to sustainable 

outcomes in the long-term. The voluntary contributions are saved in the Watershed Development Fund (WDF) that is to be used 

for repair, maintenance and use of assets created on common land. The contribution of it will comes mainly fund the following: 

Table No. 60. Details of Watershed Development Fund (WDF) 

Sl. No Financial Details Percent Contribution 

1 Natural Resource Management 

For General 10% 

For SC/ST 5% 

2 For Intensive Agriculture, Horticulture and animal Husbandry 

For General 20% 

For SC/ST 10% 


DWDU, Rajkot 

It is planned that for SC/ST, BPL population the contribution will be taken in form of voluntary labour and the fund for labour will 

be diverted to the WDF. 

User Charges: 

Various user groups will be formed in village. These user groups will collect user charges according to the designated rules 

formed during the formation of user group. These funds will be transferred to the WDF funds as per these formulated rules. The 

secretary of watershed committee (WC) shall maintain the records of the following. 


DWDU, Rajkot 

CHAPTER - 8 

MAPS

IWMP-11 - Commissionerate of Rural Development Gujarat State ...

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