Realtime Ray Tracing and Interactive Global Illumination - Scientific ...

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viii CONTENTS 6.4 Implications on the RTRT Core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 7 The RTRT Core – Intersection and Traversal 89 7.1 Fast Triangle Intersection in RTRT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 7.2 Fast kd-Tree Traversal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7.3 High-Quality BSP Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 7.4 Current RTRT Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 7.5 Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 8 The RTRT Parallelization Framework 127 8.1 General System Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 8.2 Optimizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 8.3 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 8.4 Potential Improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 8.5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 9 Handling Dynamic Scenes 141 9.1 Previous Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 9.2 A Hierarchical Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 9.3 Static and Hierarchical Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 9.4 Fast Handling of Unstructured Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 9.5 Fast Top-Level BSP Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 9.6 Fast Traversal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 9.7 Experiments and Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 9.8 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 9.9 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 9.10 Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 10 The OpenRT API 167 10.1 General Design of OpenRT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 10.2 Application Programming Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 10.3 OpenRTS Shader Programming Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 10.4 Taking it all together . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 10.5 Conclusions and Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 11 Applications and Case Studies 191 11.1 Classical Ray Tracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 11.2 Physically Correct Reflections & Refractions . . . . . . . . . . 193 11.3 Visualizing Massively Complex Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 11.4 Interactive Ray Tracing in Virtual and Augmented Reality . . 196 11.5 Interactive Global Lighting Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
CONTENTS ix III Instant Global Illumination 201 12 Interactive Global Illumination 203 12.1 Alternative Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 12.2 Realtime RT for Global Illumination – Issues & Constraints . 210 13 Instant Global Illumination 213 13.1 The Instant Global Illumination Method . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 13.2 Implementation Issues & Design Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . 222 13.3 Scalable Instant Global Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 14 IGI in Complex and Highly Occluded Scenes 233 14.1 Global Illumination in Realistically Complex Scenes . . . . . . 235 14.2 Previous Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 14.3 Efficient Importance Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 14.4 Application to Instant Global Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . 244 14.5 Results and Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 14.6 Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 15 Instant Global Illumination – Conclusions & Future Work 253 16 Final Summary, Conclusions, and Future Work 257 A List of Related Papers 267 Bibliography 271
Page 1 and 2: Realtime Ray Tracing and Interactiv
Page 3 and 4: iii Abstract One of the most sought
Page 5: v Acknowledgements This thesis woul
Page 10 and 11: x CONTENTS
Page 12 and 13: xii LIST OF FIGURES 9.5 Instantiati
Page 14 and 15: xiv LIST OF TABLES
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1 Introduction Over the las
Page 19 and 20: 1.1 Outline of This Thesis 5 how to
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 2 An Introduction to Ray Tr
Page 23 and 24: 2.1 The Core Concept - Ray Shooting
Page 25 and 26: 2.2 The Ray Tracing Rendering Algor
Page 31 and 32: 2.3 General Ray Tracing based Algor
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 3 A Brief Survey of Ray Tra
Page 35 and 36: 3.1 Computing less Samples in the I
Page 37 and 38: 3.2 Reducing the Number of Secondar
Page 43 and 44: 3.3 Accelerating Ray-Scene Intersec
Page 49 and 50: 3.4 Summary 35 any ray tracer: fast
Page 51 and 52: Chapter 4 Interactive Ray Tracing I
Page 53 and 54: 4.1 Why Interactive Ray Tracing ? 3
Page 55 and 56: 4.2 Why not earlier, and why today
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Chapter 5 Towards Realtime Ray Trac
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5.1 Realtime Ray Tracing in Softwar
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5.1 Realtime Ray Tracing in Softwar
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5.2 Ray Tracing on Programmable GPU
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5.2 Ray Tracing on Programmable GPU
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5.3 The SaarCOR Realtime Ray Tracin
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5.4 Towards Realtime Ray Tracing -
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Part II The RTRT/OpenRT Realtime Ra
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68 Chapter 6: General Design Issues
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90 Chapter 7: The RTRT Core - Inter
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100 Chapter 7: The RTRT Core - Inte
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7.5 Future Work 125 SSE code could
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Chapter 8 The RTRT Parallelization
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8.1 General System Design 129 acros
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8.2 Optimizations 131 (for an overv
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8.3 Results 133 8.2.5 Multithreadin
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8.4 Potential Improvements 135 this
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8.4 Potential Improvements 137 8.4.
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8.5 Conclusions 139 The distributio
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Chapter 9 Handling Dynamic Scenes
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9.1 Previous Work 143 arising in dy
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9.2 A Hierarchical Approach 145 wel
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9.3 Static and Hierarchical Motion
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9.4 Fast Handling of Unstructured M
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9.5 Fast Top-Level BSP Construction
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9.7 Experiments and Results 153 9.6
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9.7 Experiments and Results 155 ing
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9.7 Experiments and Results 157 Fig
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9.7 Experiments and Results 159 wit
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9.8 Discussion 161 shading normal o
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9.8 Discussion 163 9.8.6 Scalabilit
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9.10 Future Work 165 For unstructur
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Chapter 10 The OpenRT Application P
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10.1 General Design of OpenRT 169 i
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10.2 Application Programming Interf
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10.3 OpenRTS Shader Programming Int
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10.4 Taking it all together 187 5.
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10.5 Conclusions and Future Work 18
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Chapter 11 Applications and Case St
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11.2 Physically Correct Reflections
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11.3 Visualizing Massively Complex
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11.4 Interactive Ray Tracing in Vir
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11.5 Interactive Global Lighting Si
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Part III Instant Global Illuminatio
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204 Chapter 12: Interactive Global
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214 Chapter 13: Instant Global Illu
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234 Chapter 14: IGI in Complex and
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258 Chapter 16: Final Summary, Conc
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268 Chapter A: List of Related Pape
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270 Chapter A: List of Related Pape
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272 BIBLIOGRAPHY [AMD03a] Advanced
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274 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Bekaert01] Philip
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276 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Cook84b] Robert L
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278 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Durgin97] Greg D.
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280 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Goldsmith87] [Goo
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282 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Havran99] [Havran
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284 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Jensen96] [Jensen
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286 BIBLIOGRAPHY 21(3):557-563, 200
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288 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Meissner98] M. Me
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290 BIBLIOGRAPHY [PCI Express] PCI
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292 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Sbert97] Mateu Sb
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294 BIBLIOGRAPHY [Sung92] Kelvin Su
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296 BIBLIOGRAPHY ity PC Clusters -
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