Ivana Stankovic

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Master of Science Thesis 2005/06 KTH, Stockholm solved. Globally, problems can be found in each human activity. Individually, each person can identify a problem according to their observations and interests. To add, environmental problems and problems of other living creatures can be analyzed and viewed differently by different professionals or non professionals. Therefore, it is almost impossible to reconcile all parties. People around the world are putting great efforts in defining the most important issues for addressing on a global scale, in order to achieve a sustained future for our and coming generations. For the purpose of this thesis, it would be necessary, as a starting point, to identify problems within each sphere of human activities within the selected research site. Problems occur both inside the triangle (”human environment”) and out (pic 16). Pic 16 should be viewed as a scheme, where the size of the spheres and the triangle are not represented in a proper ratio. A separate study would be carried out in order to allocate the contribution of human actions to each sphere. The area in the triangle and outside the spheres represent human activities other than social or societal and economic. They could be individual and spiritual (as in the Philippines). As it is suggested in the Aarhus convention 16 , I share the belief that the process of change can be successful only if stakeholders are involved. In the case of multifamily housing, owners, managers, and occupants should be consulted and included in the process of change. In Belgrade, and Serbia, owner-occupied housing is prevailing. There is almost no public rental housing. Rented apartments are from privately owned individuals. The central city area has its location specifics which impose that there are other stakeholder groups that have interests in its upgrading. Since it is not a strictly housing area stakeholders include people that work in the area, go to school, visit, intend to buy identifying problems by different stakeholders ECONOMY PHYSICAL BUILT-UP SURROUNDING identifying problems by different stakeholders ENVIRONMENT SOCIETY Pic 16 Identifying problems in the three spheres identifying problems by different stakeholders property, and the authorities that see interest in maintaining high value of the area. Therefore, many stakeholders should be involved in order to successfully upgrade the area (even though the focus is multifamily housing). Of course, some stakeholders have higher interests than the others and a careful selection should be done before the initiation of the process. In this research children are primary stakeholders and they are involved from the beginning with identification of problems. My role as a professional is to organize the process, collect the data, analyze, and structure them for further research. Problems shouldn’t be the only focus of the study. It is often that research focuses only on identifying and solving problems. I believe that we should also identify good things that characterize a place, so the picture of the place is complete and in addition we understand 16 Full text of The Aarhus Convention can be downloaded from the Internet site: http://www.unece.org/env/pp/ Ivana Stankovic 22
Master of Science Thesis 2005/06 KTH, Stockholm better how it functions. Good things that are identified by stakeholders could also be used as a solution for other problems. They could also be upgraded, which could influence the overall results. INSTRUMENTS/MEANS TO ACHIEVE ECONOMICAL SECURITY ECONOMY PHYSICAL BUILT-UP SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT SOCIETY INSTRUMENTS/MEANS TO ACHIEVE ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY INSTRUMENTS/MEANS TO ACHIEVE SOCIAL EQUITY HUMAN WELL-BEING RESOURCE EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY FINANTIAL SUCCESS Pic 17 Instruments and means by which problems could be solved After identifying problems, the next step is to determine instruments and means by which problems could be solved (Pic 17). They are identified by the stakeholders or professional groups. Since problems occur in each sphere, solutions to them could be found by implementing changes within each of the spheres. Sometimes the solution to a problem that occurs in one sphere can be found in another. Identified problems, with instruments and means for their resolving, are placed outside the triangle of the ‘human environment’ to secure the objectiveness and unbiased analysis. In this research instruments and means are defined as a result from the research performed with children that is assessed through a professional prism and proposed for implementation. I believe that by identifying problems and trying to find a solution to them in upgrading the physical environment, benefits can be achieved in all three ESE spheres, which would lead to betterment of “human wellbeing”. While developing the framework and working with stakeholders, another sphere has emerged, that is very important in the upgrading process. It is the sphere of the decision making – politics, that still models our future (in the model developed by The German Wuppertal Institute, mentioned earlier, it is perceived as the Institutional Imperative). Since my professional background is engineer in architecture, my knowledge on political issues and governance is scarce and limited, so I had to do additional research on how governance is perceived today in relation to former practice and future trends. Traditionally, in democratic societies, political structures have been stable. David Easton (1965) has defined political systems as “those interactions through which values are authoritatively allocated for a society”, which implies that society is accustomed to the fact that there are formal institutions to take care of the allocation of values, resources and rules. 17 The introduction of environmental and sustainability concerns to the political agenda has put the traditional political systems based on representative democracy under stress. Scientists had to be involved in politics, pointing out the dangers our environment is facing today. Policies had to 17 Evans B., Joas M., Sundback S., Theobold K. (2005) Governing Sustainable Cities, James & James/Earthscan, page 22 Ivana Stankovic 23
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Ivana Stankovic

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