Weekend/Weekday Ozone Observations in the South Coast Air Basin

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Chinkin L.R., H.H. Main, and P.T Roberts. (2002). Weekend/Weekday Ozone Observations in the South Coast Air Basin Volume III: Analysis of Summer 2000 Field Measurements and Supporting Data. Final report prepared by Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, CA for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, April 2002. Douglas, S.G., R.C. Kessler, C.A. Emery, and J.L. Burtt (1991). “Diagnostic Analysis of Wind Observation Collected During the Southern California Air Quality Study.” Final report prepared by Systems Applications International, San Rafael, CA under Contract #A832- 133 for the Research Division of the California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA. Dreher, D.B. and R.A. Harley (1998). A fuel-based inventory for heavy-duty diesel truck emissions. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 48:352-358. Duce R.A., Mohnen V.A., P.R. Zimmerman, D. Grosjean, W. Dautreels, R. Chatfield, R. Jaenicke, J.A. Ogren, E.D. Pellizzari, and G.T. Wallace. (1983). Organic Material in the Global Troposphere. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 21, 921-952. Elkus, B. and K.R. Wilson (1977). Photochemical Air Pollution: Weekend-Weekday Differences. Atmospheric Environment, 11, 509-515. Finlayson-Pitts, B.J., and J.N. Pitts, Jr., Atmospheric Chemistry: Fundamentals and Experimental Techniques, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1986. Finlayson-Pitts, B.J., and J.N. Pitts, Jr., Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere, Academic Press, New York, 2000. Franzwa M. and R. Pasek (1999). Weekday – Weekend Differences in Hydrocarbon Reactivity. Technical report presented by the Research Division, California Air Resources Board, at the June 23, 1999 Public Workshop. Available at the following web site address - http://www.arb.ca.gov/aqd/weekendeffect/reactivity.pdf. Fujita, E., J.G. Watson, J.C. Chow, N. Robinson, L. Richards, and N. Kumar (1998). Northern Front Range Air Quality Study. Volume C: Source Apportionment and Simulation Methods and Evaluation. Final report prepared for Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, June 30, 1998. Available at http://www.nfraqs.colostate.edu. Fujita, E.M. (1995). Ambient Versus Emission Inventory NMHC, CO, NOx Trends in the South Coast Air Basin (1987-1993). Paper 95-RP113B.01, presented at the Air & Waste Management Association 88th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, 18-23 June 1995. Fujita, E.M., B.E. Croes, C.L. Bennett, D.R. Lawson, F.W. Lurmann, and H.H. Main, “Comparison of Emission Inventory and Ambient Concentration Ratios of CO, NMOG, and NOx in California’s South Coast Air Basin,” J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 42:264 (1992).) 5-2
Fujita, E.M., J.G. Watson, J.C. Chow, Lu, Z. (1994). Validation of the chemical mass balance receptor model applied to hydrocarbon source apportionment in the Southern California Air Quality Study. Environ. Sci. Technol. 28:1633-49. Fujita, E.M., W. Stockwell, R.E. Keislar, D.E. Campbell, P.T. Roberts, T.H. Funk, C.P. MacDonald, H.H. Main, and LR. Chinkin (2000a). Weekend/Weekday Ozone Observations in the South Coast Air Basin: Retrospective Analysis of Ambient and Emissions Data and Refinement of Hypotheses, Volume I – Executive Summary. Final report prepared by the Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV and Sonoma Technology, Petaluma, CA for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, December 2000. Fujita, E.M., W. Stockwell, R.E. Keislar, and D.E. Campbell (2000b). Weekend/Weekday Ozone Observations in the South Coast Air Basin: Retrospective Analysis of Ambient and Emissions Data and Refinement of Hypotheses, Volume II – Desert Research Institute Tasks 1 and 2. Prepared by the Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, December 2000. Fujita, E.M., D.E. Campbell, W. Stockwell, B. Zielinska, J.C. Sagebiel, W. Goliff, M.Keith, and J.L. Bowen (2001). Weekend/Weekday Ozone Observations in the South Coast Air Basin: Phase II Field Study. Interim report prepared by the Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, November 2001. Fujita, E.M., D.E. Campbell, W. Stockwell, P.T. Roberts, T.H. Funk, C.P. MacDonald, H.H. Main, and LR. Chinkin (2002). Weekend/Weekday Ozone Observations in the South Coast Air Basin Volume I – Executive Summary. Report prepared by the Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV and Sonoma Technology, Petaluma, CA for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, and the Coordinating Research Council, May 2002. Hansen, A. D. A. and P. H. McMurry (1990). An Intercomparison of Measurements of Aerosol Elemental Carbon During the 1986 Carbonaceous Species Method Comparison Study. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc., 40: 894-895. Harley, R.A., M.P. Hannigan, and G.R. Cass (1992). Respeciation of organic gas emissions and the detection of excess unburned gasoline in the atmosphere. Environ. Sci. Technol. 26:2395-408. Horie, Y., J. Cassmassi, L. Lai, and L. Gurtowski. (1979). Weekend/Weekday Differences in Oxidants and Their Precursors. Report prepared by Technology Services Corporation for the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency under Contract No. 68-02-2595. Hsiao K. (1999) Personal communication. South Coast Air Quality Management District, Los Angeles, CA, June. Referenced in Roberts et al., 2000. Ingalls, M.N., L.R. Smith, and R.E. Kirksey, “Measurements of On-Road Vehicle Emission Factors in the California South Coast Air Basin – Volume I. Regulated Emissions,” 5-3
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WEEKEND/WEEKDAY OZONE OBSERVATIONS
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obtained by DRI from the Phase II f
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface..........
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Table No. Table 1.4-1 Table 1.4-2 T
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periods by day-of-week at Los Angel
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Figure 1.4-13. Hourly average nitro
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Figure 3.1-2 Mean day-of-the-week v
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Figure 4.4-1b. Mean estimated sourc
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1. STUDY PERSPECTIVE AND SUMMARY Th
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40 percent. Consequently, the contr
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dioxide (NO 2 ) 4 , and carbon mono
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and upwind samples before and after
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where J 1 is the photolysis frequen
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transported from an urban center to
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of the week on Friday and Saturday.
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VOC reactivity, photochemical aging
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corresponding source attributions a
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multiplicative constant. This const
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Table 1.4-1 Trends in Duration and
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Table 1.4-3 Regression Statistics f
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O 3 Ozone Formation Chemistry NO 2
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200 1981-84 200 1995-98 160 160 120
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100 NO 1000 NMHC (estimated from CO
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5 Sunday - Wednesday (1981-84) 10 T
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10.0 8.0 NMHC/NOx 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 S
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Ratio of Peak Ozone to Potential Oz
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Nitrogen Oxides at Azusa, 9/30/00 t
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Ambient NOx Associated with CO and
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Source Contribution Estimate (ug/m3
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2.8 2.6 Ozone (ppb) 2.4 log NOx (pp
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2. EVOLUTION OF THE OZONE EFFECT IN
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the SoCAB has dropped sharply as sh
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the duration of ozone accumulation,
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• NO 2 concentrations and NO 2 /N
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Table 2-1 Air Quality Parameters fo
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0.18 Azusa, Summer 1995 12.0 0.15 1
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250 200 150 100 50 0 1976 1977 1978
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80 1981-84 60 40 20 0 80 Sun Mon Tu
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1.00 1981-84 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.
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160 1981-84 120 80 40 0 160 Sun Mon
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5.0 1981-84 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 5.0
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12.00 1981-84 11.00 10.00 9.00 8.00
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NMHC (ppbC) 1000 800 600 400 200 4-
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10.00 1981-84 8.00 6.00 4.00 2.00 0
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Sunday 1981-84 Time (PDT) 16 15 14
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16 Sunday 1990-94 35 Time (PDT) 15
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40 Sunday O3 Accumulation Rate (ppb
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15.0 1981-84 12.0 9.0 6.0 3.0 0.0 1
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3. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CURRENT
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3.2 Weekday Differences in Diurnal
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timing hypothesis, which requires a
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through the conversion of NO to NO
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Weekday Differences in Diurnal Vari
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activity including [HNO 3 ]/[H 2 O
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Table 3.2-1 Day-of-the-Week Variati
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Table 3.3-1b Day-of-the-Week Differ
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120 Los Angeles - N. Main - Saturda
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160 140 Upland - Saturdays mean Ozo
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maximum 1hour ozone (ppb) 100 90 80
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NMHC/NOx ratio 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 S
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Los Angeles - N. Main Azusa 140 140
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Los Angeles - N. Main Azusa 140 140
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2.8 2.6 PAN (ppb) 2.8 2.6 HCHO (ppb
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NO2 Photolysis Rate Parameter 0.35
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4. WEEKDAY VARIATIONS IN THE SOURCE
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9 a.m. andnoon. Sampling was conduc
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interfaced to an Entech model 7100
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values measured at the regional sit
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into a category named "UNID." The s
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more than a few percent of the tota
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period, the amount of NOx associate
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weekend/weekday differences during
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• Day-of-the-week changes in the
Page 151 and 152: Table 4.4-1 Default Source Composit
Page 153 and 154: Table 4.4-1a Number of observations
Page 155 and 156: Table 4.4-1c Number of observations
Page 157 and 158: Table 4.4-2a Number of observations
Page 159 and 160: Table 4.4-2c Number of observations
Page 161 and 162: Table 4.4-3a CMB Performance Parame
Page 163 and 164: Table 4.4-3c Source Contribution Es
Page 165 and 166: Table 4.5-2 Weekend/Weekday Differe
Page 167 and 168: 800 700 600 Wednesday NO and NOy (p
Page 169 and 170: Estimated NOx Estimated NOx (ppb) 5
Page 171 and 172: VOC/NOx Ratios 6.0 5.0 4.0 Mon, 10/
Page 173 and 174: Nitrogen Oxides at Azusa 80 60 02-0
Page 175 and 176: Nitrogen Oxides at Pico Rivera 180
Page 177 and 178: Nonmethane Organic Gas at Azusa 500
Page 179 and 180: Nonmethane Organic Gas at Pico Rive
Page 181 and 182: NMOG/NOx Ratios at Azusa 20 15 02-0
Page 183 and 184: estimated contribution by source (u
Page 185 and 186: 500 Nonmethane Hydrocarbons 400 NMH
Page 187 and 188: 5 Azusa, Weekdays 6-9 a.m (10/2/00-
Page 189 and 190: 2.0 Azusa, Weekdays 6-9 a.m (10/2/0
Page 191 and 192: Ambient NOx Associated with CO and
Page 197 and 198: Pico Rivera 150 120 BC-Associated C
Page 199 and 200: Nitrogen Oxides 800.00 700.00 600.0
Page 201: 5. REFERENCES Altshuler, S.L., T.D.
Page 205 and 206: Roberts, J.M. (1983) Measurements o
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Weekend/Weekday Ozone Observations in the South Coast Air Basin

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