Annual Meeting Preliminary Program - Full Brochure (PDF) - SME
Annual Meeting Preliminary Program - Full Brochure (PDF) - SME
Annual Meeting Preliminary Program - Full Brochure (PDF) - SME
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MINING: IT’S ABOUT THE PEOPLE<br />
2013 <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit<br />
and CMA 115 th National Western Mining Conference<br />
February 24-27, 2013 • Denver, Colorado, USA<br />
Official <strong>Meeting</strong> Sponsor: Newmont Mining Corporation<br />
PRELIMINARY PROGRAM<br />
www.smenet.org<br />
SUPPLEMENT TO
Join <strong>SME</strong><br />
Before You<br />
Register and<br />
Save $$$<br />
<strong>SME</strong>’s <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> is the best opportunity to develop<br />
and sharpen your professional skills and knowledge.<br />
Technical presentations will feature new horizons and<br />
new challenges facing the minerals industry. Networking<br />
with 5,000+ professionals is priceless. The Exhibit will<br />
feature over 700 companies exhibiting state-of-the-art<br />
products and services that you won’t want to miss.<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Membership Has VALUE:<br />
• OneMine.org – online global mining and mineral library – over<br />
100,000 technical papers and books available for download - FREE!<br />
• Members receive a free monthly subscription to Mining<br />
Engineering magazine.<br />
• Members save an average of 25% on books.<br />
• Members save an average of $100 on <strong>SME</strong> meetings and short courses.<br />
• Members have access to the career site – www.miningjobs.com.<br />
• Free Membership Directory: includes over 14,000<br />
professionals in the mining industry.<br />
• Over 34 eLearning courses at special member prices - earn<br />
CEUs from anywhere!<br />
• <strong>SME</strong> Website provides: Discussion Forums with members<br />
around the world; the <strong>SME</strong> Directory; The <strong>SME</strong> Community;<br />
Industry Newsfeeds and Commodity Indexes/Prices; <strong>SME</strong> Link<br />
List with more than 200 listings, and much more.<br />
• Members are eligible for Life and Medical Insurance; Credit<br />
<strong>Program</strong>; Car Rental Discounts; and Liability Insurance.<br />
www.smenet.org • sme@smenet.org<br />
12999 E. Adam Aircraft Circle<br />
Englewood, CO 80112<br />
800-763-3132 • 303-948-4200<br />
Join <strong>SME</strong> by January 28, 2013 and<br />
SAVE $140<br />
on Your 2013 <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
Registration Fees!<br />
SAVE AN<br />
ADDITIONAL $100<br />
When You Register For Short<br />
Courses Held in Conjunction<br />
with the <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
IT’S EASY!<br />
Once your paid application<br />
is received and approved<br />
you will be given a member<br />
number which can be used to<br />
register at member rates<br />
(a savings of $140 for the 2013<br />
<strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>).
HOW TO REGISTER<br />
For <strong>Meeting</strong> Registration and<br />
Hotel Reservation<br />
ONLINE<br />
www.smenet.org<br />
PHONE/FAX<br />
Telephone: 1-866-229-2386<br />
Fax: 301-694-5124 (Secure Line)<br />
MAIL<br />
<strong>SME</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> Registration (RET132)<br />
c/o Experient<br />
PO Box 4088<br />
Frederick, MD 21705<br />
<strong>Full</strong> payment MUST be received with<br />
completed registration form.<br />
Registration and Housing forms are provided in this mailer.<br />
When registering online, or by phone/fax<br />
DO NOT SEND ANOTHER COPY BY MAIL<br />
Confirmations will be e-mailed to the individual at the<br />
address provided on the form. If no e-mail address is<br />
provided, confirmation will be sent by regular mail.<br />
CONTENTS<br />
Alumni and Special Functions................... 37<br />
Calendar of Events.....................................7<br />
Colorado Mining Association <strong>Program</strong>..... 11<br />
Education Agenda.................................... 35<br />
Exhibit Floor Plan................................... 122<br />
Exhibit Highlights................................... 121<br />
Exhibitor Listing..................................... 124<br />
Field Trips................................................ 30<br />
General Information...................................4<br />
Graduate Student Poster Contest.............. 34<br />
Hotel Information.................................... 133<br />
HOTEL RESERVATION FORM............. 134<br />
Keynote Session..........................................3<br />
Membership, <strong>SME</strong>............Inside Front Cover<br />
NEW Mentor/Mentee <strong>Program</strong>................. 32<br />
New Activities for 2013............................. 38<br />
Photo Contest......................................... 120<br />
<strong>Program</strong> Committee................................. 44<br />
REGISTRATION FORM........................ 135<br />
Short Courses........................................... 25<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Foundation Dinner & Casino Night......2<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Foundation Silent Auction................. 36<br />
Social/Division Highlights........................ 40<br />
Sponsors/Sponsorship............................ 128<br />
Student Activities...................................... 31<br />
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Sessions-at-a-Glance.......................... 45<br />
Monday............................................... 32<br />
Tuesday.............................................. 40<br />
Wednesday......................................... 69<br />
Things to See & Do in Denver................... 39<br />
Young Leaders.......................................... 33<br />
ATTENTION EXHIBITORS<br />
Specially prepared registration forms have been provided in your exhibitor service kit. Booth<br />
personnel of exhibiting firms should NOT use the registration form contained in this brochure.<br />
For more information contact: <strong>SME</strong> Exhibit Sales and Operations, 303-948-4213
<strong>SME</strong> FOUNDATION<br />
Mardi Gras<br />
and Casino Night<br />
Please join the <strong>SME</strong> Foundation for their <strong>Annual</strong> Banquet<br />
Featuring Mardi Gras, Casino Night and Silent Auction<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
Cocktail reception 6:30 pm – 7:00 pm<br />
Dinner and casino 7:00 pm – 11:00 pm<br />
Centennial Ballroom<br />
Hyatt Regency Denver Convention Center<br />
Denver, CO<br />
Dress – Business or Mardi Gras Festive<br />
(Gold, Green and Purple)<br />
Sponsor a table of 8 - $ 2,500<br />
Individual tickets - $ 95<br />
Contact Liz Jones to sponsor a table<br />
jones@smenet.org 303-948-4216<br />
Benefits of sponsoring a table:<br />
1. Your logo and name on sign in middle of table showing sponsorship.<br />
2. Special thank you in Mining Engineering magazine in April issue.<br />
3. Your name/logo scrolling on the overhead screen throughout the dinner.<br />
4. Listing in the dinner program as sponsor.<br />
5. Listing in the <strong>SME</strong> pocket program as a sponsor (deadlines apply).<br />
6. Tickets to the dinner for 8 people.<br />
2
<strong>SME</strong>/CMA Keynote Session<br />
Mining: It’s About the People<br />
8:30am • Monday, February 25, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
The Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory<br />
contracted with the National Academies’ National Research Council to<br />
perform a study, entitled “Emerging Workforce Trends in the U.S. Energy<br />
and Mining Industries” on the availability of skilled workers to meet the<br />
energy and mineral security requirements of the U.S. <strong>SME</strong> was asked by the<br />
National Academy to collect, analyze and report on workforce trends in the<br />
mining industry.<br />
<strong>SME</strong>’s report concluded that it is unlikely that there will be sufficient<br />
skilled mine labor to satisfy the demand over the next 20 years. This does<br />
not mean the positions will not be filled. Retirement and a projected global<br />
increase in demand for mine labor will likely provide a steady stream of new<br />
jobs with attractive wages. For a period of time, the U.S. mining industry<br />
will have a workforce composed of very young and very senior workers. The<br />
shortage of skilled miners raises implications for the health and safety of<br />
the workforce, and may force companies to instigate process improvements<br />
and new automation solutions. Resource nationalism and a potential rise in<br />
commodity prices due to a rapidly expanding global middle class may force<br />
the U.S. to boost domestic mineral production and take active measures to<br />
reduce our increasing import dependence on key minerals. This session<br />
will address this issue and its ramifications on the future viability and<br />
competitiveness of the U.S. mining industry.<br />
Moderator:<br />
Dr. M.W. Bill Scoggins, President, Colorado School of Mines<br />
Speakers:<br />
Cy Butner, Senior <strong>Program</strong> Officer, National Academy of Sciences<br />
Gerry Wheeler, Executive Director, National Science Teachers Association<br />
Tana Utley, Chief Technology Officer and Vice President, Caterpillar Inc<br />
Andrew Slentz, Senior Vice-President Human Resources, Peabody Energy
GENERAL INFORMATION<br />
ADVANCE DEADLINE: JANUARY 28, 2013<br />
For Hotel Reservations and <strong>Meeting</strong> Registration<br />
All technical sessions, division luncheons, and short courses will be conducted at:<br />
Colorado Convention Center, 700 14th Street, Denver, Colorado 80202<br />
Website: www.denverconvention.com<br />
Registration Fees<br />
To receive advance registration rates, <strong>SME</strong> must receive<br />
your registration form and payment by January 28, 2013.<br />
After January 28, 2013 on-site registration fees apply.<br />
One-day advance registration is available for members<br />
and authors only.<br />
Nonmember Registrants<br />
Join <strong>SME</strong> or CMA by January 28, 2013 and save money<br />
on your full meeting registration fee.<br />
Registration Policy<br />
All attendees and authors at the <strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong><br />
<strong>Meeting</strong> are required to register. Nonmember authors<br />
may register at the member rate. The one-day rate<br />
for members is available only for the day you want to<br />
attend (Sunday, Monday, Tuesday or Wednesday). The<br />
appropriate badge is required for admittance to the<br />
technical sessions and exhibit and will be checked at the<br />
entrance of all activities. Attendees interested in touring<br />
the exhibit only can purchase a one-day pass. Exhibitonly<br />
registrations ARE NOT permitted to attend the<br />
technical sessions.<br />
Legion of Honor Registration Policy<br />
Legion of Honor Members are entitled to receive<br />
reduced registration fees for the 2013 <strong>SME</strong>/CMA<br />
<strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>. Attendees requesting this category of<br />
registration must meet eligibility requirements and must<br />
be on record at <strong>SME</strong> as a Legion of Honor Member.<br />
A Legion of Honor Member must have acquired 50<br />
years of membership. <strong>SME</strong> Members are automatically<br />
moved to this membership class.<br />
Senior Member Registration Policy<br />
Retired Senior members are entitled to receive reduced<br />
registration fees for the 2013 <strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong><br />
<strong>Meeting</strong>. Attendees requesting this category of<br />
registration must meet eligibility requirements and must<br />
be on record at <strong>SME</strong> as a Senior Member. A Senior<br />
Member is a retired member who has reached 70 years<br />
of age with 30 continuous years of membership with<br />
<strong>SME</strong>. Individuals must contact the <strong>SME</strong> Membership<br />
Department and request this category of membership<br />
(based on qualifications). Questions regarding<br />
Senior Member status should be directed to the <strong>SME</strong><br />
Membership Coordinator at 303-948-4204.<br />
Student Registration Policy<br />
Student registrants for the 2013 <strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong><br />
<strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit must meet eligibility requirements.<br />
<strong>SME</strong> requires that an individual must be attending a<br />
college, university, or higher education institution on a<br />
full-time basis to qualify for student registration rates.<br />
<strong>SME</strong> cannot process student registrations without<br />
evidence that you are a full-time student. Students<br />
enrolled in 12 or more semester credit hours are<br />
considered full-time. When sending your registration<br />
please provide registration confirmation from your<br />
educational institution. Acceptable confirmation<br />
includes: transcript, most recent report card, or official<br />
school registration documents. Student registration<br />
forms without this information will not be processed.<br />
Cancellation/Substitution Policy<br />
If circumstances require you to cancel your <strong>SME</strong>/<br />
CMA registration, you must do so in writing. Written<br />
notice must be sent to <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> Registration,<br />
c/o Experient, PO Box 4088, Frederick, MD 21705.<br />
Cancellations received by January 28, 2013 will receive<br />
a full refund, less a $100 processing fee. There are no<br />
refunds for no-shows and cancellations postmarked<br />
after January 28, 2013. Registrants are responsible<br />
for cancellation of their own hotel accommodations.<br />
Substitutions will be accepted in writing at no charge<br />
until January 28, 2013. After January 28, 2013 a $25 fee<br />
will be charged for substitutions.<br />
NO REFUNDS – for Registration, Short Course, Social<br />
Function, Tour and Field Trip tickets will be issued after<br />
the January 28, 2013 DEADLINE.<br />
International Delegates –<br />
Letter of Invitation<br />
<strong>SME</strong> will send a letter of invitation to paid, full<br />
registrants upon request. Invitations are intended to<br />
help international delegates raise travel funds or obtain<br />
a visa. It is not a commitment from the Conference<br />
or the organizers to provide any financial support.<br />
Request for letters of invitation must include: attendee<br />
name, job title, company name, mailing address (PO<br />
Boxes are not acceptable), city, state/province, country,<br />
zip/postal code, phone and fax number, and beginning<br />
and end dates of travel. Also provide the address,<br />
phone and fax number of your embassy. All items must<br />
be submitted to complete a letter of invitation.<br />
Send your written request to: <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>s Dept.,<br />
12999 E. Adam Aircraft Circle, Englewood, CO 80112<br />
USA or e-mail: meetings@smenet.org.<br />
4
GENERAL INFORMATION<br />
Housing Reservation Information<br />
Hotel accommodations are available at the Grand<br />
Hyatt, Embassy Suites, Hyatt Regency at Colorado<br />
Convention Center, Marriott City Center, Sheraton<br />
Denver, Westin Tabor Center, and the Hilton Garden<br />
Inn. See page 133 for detailed hotel and address information.<br />
Please complete the Hotel Reservation form and<br />
RETURN NO LATER THAN JANUARY 28, 2013 TO:<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Housing Bureau, c/o Experient<br />
Event Code: RET 132<br />
PO Box 4088<br />
Frederick, MD 21705<br />
Phone: 1-866-229-2386<br />
Fax: 301-694-5124<br />
E-mail: smeattendee@experient-inc.com<br />
Online: www.smenet.org<br />
DO NOT send your housing form to <strong>SME</strong>.<br />
A VALID CREDIT CARD NUMBER MUST<br />
ACCOMPANY THE COMPLETED HOTEL<br />
RESERVATION FORM TO GUARANTEE<br />
RESERVATION.<br />
Acknowledgements will be sent either by e-mail or fax<br />
from the <strong>SME</strong> Housing Bureau.<br />
IMPORTANT NOTICE: <strong>SME</strong> has received several<br />
reports that wholesalers have been contacting attendees<br />
and exhibitors offering great deals on hotels for the<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit. While it is<br />
not illegal for a travel firm or booking agent to solicit<br />
potential customers, it can be difficult to determine<br />
the legitimacy of offers from these organizations.<br />
Those who opt for alternatives to the <strong>SME</strong> negotiated rates<br />
may find themselves at risk. <strong>SME</strong> and CMA remind their<br />
attendees that we have no affiliation with any of these<br />
room brokers. The official <strong>SME</strong>/CMA Housing Office<br />
is Experient.<br />
Purchasing Tickets<br />
Attendees must register to purchase tickets for social<br />
functions and/or field trips. Registrants may purchase<br />
multiple tickets.<br />
CD-ROM – <strong>Meeting</strong> Pre-prints<br />
Sponsored by Mintec, Inc.<br />
Each full, one-day and student registrants will receive<br />
a CD-ROM of pre-prints from the 2013 <strong>SME</strong>/CMA<br />
<strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>. Additional CD-ROMs are available<br />
for purchase. See Registration Form in this mailer.<br />
These will be available for pick-up in the <strong>SME</strong> Bookstore<br />
during the meeting (offer excludes discounted and<br />
exhibits only registrations).<br />
5<br />
Short Courses<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Short Courses will be conducted at the Colorado<br />
Convention Center. See page 25 for details.<br />
Technical Sessions<br />
All technical sessions will be conducted at the Colorado<br />
Convention Center. Technical session information starts on<br />
page 47.<br />
Field Trips<br />
Field trips are subject to cancellation based on limited<br />
attendance. Make your reservations early using the<br />
registration form. See page 30 for field trip details.<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Cyber Cafe<br />
The Cyber Cafe will be located in the exhibit hall at<br />
the Colorado Convention Center. Computers will be<br />
available during exhibit hours to surf the net, retrieve<br />
and send e-mail messages, and view mining websites.<br />
Registration Hours<br />
On-site registration will be conducted during the<br />
following hours in the Convention Center.<br />
Saturday, February 23<br />
(Short Courses Only)<br />
Saturday, February 23<br />
(Exhibitor Registration Only)<br />
Sunday, February 24<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
Tuesday, February 26<br />
Wednesday, February 27<br />
7:00am – 5:00pm<br />
8:00am – 5:00pm<br />
7:00am – 6:00pm<br />
7:00am – 5:30pm<br />
7:00am – 5:00pm<br />
7:00am – 2:00pm<br />
Exhibit Hours<br />
Exhibitor products and services will be showcased at<br />
the 2013 <strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> at the Colorado<br />
Convention Center. Badges are required for admittance.<br />
All food and beverage functions held in the exhibit hall<br />
will be located in the three lounges and restaurants.<br />
Sunday, February 24<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
Tuesday, February 26<br />
Wednesday, February 27<br />
4:00pm – 6:00pm<br />
11:00am – 5:30pm<br />
11:00am – 5:30pm<br />
8:00am – Noon<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Bookstore Hours<br />
The <strong>SME</strong> Bookstore will be located in the Colorado<br />
Convention Center. It will feature <strong>SME</strong> publications<br />
and a large selection of merchandise. You can also pick<br />
up your copy of the pre-print CD-ROM of the 2013<br />
<strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> by redeeming the ticket enclosed in<br />
your registration packet on-site.<br />
The <strong>SME</strong> Bookstore will be open the following hours:<br />
Sunday, February 24<br />
8:00am – 6:00pm<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
8:00am – 5:30pm<br />
Tuesday, February 26<br />
8:00am – 5:00pm<br />
Wednesday, February 27 8:00am – 2:00pm
GENERAL INFORMATION<br />
Airport<br />
Denver International Airport<br />
Airport Code: DEN<br />
For further detailed information regarding<br />
Denver International Airport, please contact the<br />
airport directly or visit the official Web page at:<br />
www.flydenver.com.<br />
Transportation Services<br />
Downtown Denver is accessible via shuttle, taxi, and<br />
personal vehicle.<br />
<strong>Meeting</strong> Registration Includes<br />
FULL REGISTRANTS RECEIVE<br />
• 2013 Pre-print CD-ROM<br />
• Daily Exhibit Hall Access<br />
• Grand Opening Reception (Sunday, Exhibit Hall)<br />
• Welcoming Luncheon (Monday, Exhibit Hall)<br />
• Admittance to Technical Sessions<br />
• Admittance to Keynote Session<br />
• Afternoon Social (Tuesday, Exhibit Hall)<br />
• Continental Breakfast (Wednesday, Exhibit Hall)<br />
SuperShuttle<br />
Phone: 800-525-3177 or 303-370-1300<br />
Approximate cost for shuttle service from Denver<br />
International Airport (DEN) to downtown Denver is $19<br />
one-way / $34 round trip. Please contact SuperShuttle<br />
for the prevailing rates. Reservations are not required.<br />
Proceed to Level 5 / Baggage Claim of the main terminal.<br />
SuperShuttle’s counter is adjacent to the car rental<br />
counters. For further details, please visit SuperShuttle’s<br />
official Web page at www.supershuttledenver.com.<br />
Taxis<br />
Taxi service from Denver International Airport to<br />
downtown Denver is approximately $50 one-way.<br />
• Freedom Cab 303-444-4444<br />
• Metrotaxi 303-333-3333<br />
• Yellowcab 303-777-7777<br />
Driving directions from Denver International<br />
Airport to downtown Denver:<br />
• Follow signs to Peña Blvd.<br />
• Take Peña Blvd West towards Denver<br />
• Take I-70 West<br />
• Take I-25 South<br />
• Exit onto Speer Blvd. South<br />
1-DAY MEMBER-ONLY REGISTRANTS RECEIVE<br />
• 2013 Pre-print CD-ROM<br />
• Exhibit Hall Access (On Registered Day)<br />
• Grand Opening Reception<br />
(Sunday Registrants Only, Exhibit Hall)<br />
• Welcoming Luncheon<br />
(Monday Registrants Only, Exhibit Hall)<br />
• Admittance to Technical Sessions (On Registered Day)<br />
• Admittance to Keynote Session (Monday Registrants Only)<br />
• Afternoon Social (Tuesday Registrants Only, Exhibit Hall)<br />
• Continental Breakfast (Wednesday, Exhibit Hall)<br />
EXHIBIT HALL-ONLY REGISTRANTS RECEIVE<br />
• Exhibit Hall Access (On Registered Day)<br />
• Grand Opening Reception<br />
(Sunday Registrants Only, Exhibit Hall)<br />
• Welcoming Luncheon<br />
(Monday Registrants Only, Exhibit Hall)<br />
• Admittance to Keynote Session (Monday Registrants Only)<br />
• Afternoon Social (Tuesday Registrants Only, Exhibit Hall)<br />
• Continental Breakfast (Wednesday, Exhibit Hall)<br />
Please refer to page 133 for addresses<br />
and locations of hotels.<br />
Parking<br />
There are a number of parking options near the<br />
Colorado Convention Center that range from $6 – $13/<br />
day. Please visit www.downtowndenver.com for updated<br />
information regarding surface and garage parking<br />
options in downtown Denver. Check with your selected<br />
hotel regarding parking services, rates and availability.<br />
Shuttle Service<br />
There will be NO SHUTTLE SERVICE<br />
provided between hotels and the Colorado<br />
Convention Center. Please see the hotel<br />
concierge for alternatives.<br />
6
CALENDAR OF EVENTS<br />
CC - Colorado Convention Center • H - Hyatt Regency Convention Center Hotel<br />
Friday, February 22, 2013<br />
Exhibitor Booth Set-Up<br />
10x20 Booths and Larger<br />
(by appointment only)<br />
11am – 5pm • CC<br />
Saturday, February 23, 2013<br />
EXHIBITOR SET-UP<br />
8am – 5pm • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
EXHIBITOR REGISTRATION<br />
8am – 5pm • CC<br />
SHORT COURSES<br />
Short Course Registration<br />
7am – 9am • CC<br />
Short Course Coffee Break<br />
7:15am – 9am • CC<br />
Short Course: Copper Heap Leach<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course: Ore Reserve Risk<br />
and Optimization in Strategic<br />
Mine Planning: Stochastic Models<br />
and Optimization<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course: Introduction to the<br />
Design of Bulk Material Handling<br />
Conveyors<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course Coffee Break<br />
10:15am – 10:30am • CC<br />
Short Course Lunch<br />
Noon – 1:00pm • CC<br />
Short Course Break<br />
2:30pm – 3pm • CC<br />
BOARD & COMMITTEE<br />
MEETINGS<br />
Leadership Orientation<br />
8am – Noon • H<br />
Audit Committee<br />
9am – 11am • H<br />
ABET General Information &<br />
Training Lunch<br />
Noon – 1pm • H<br />
ABET General Information<br />
& Training<br />
1pm – 5pm • H<br />
Strategic Committees Breakout<br />
<strong>Meeting</strong>s<br />
1pm – 4pm • H<br />
Strategic Committees Joint<br />
<strong>Meeting</strong><br />
4pm – 5pm • H<br />
Online Services Committee<br />
3pm – 5pm • H<br />
Board of Directors <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
(Closed Session)<br />
5pm – 6:30pm • H<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
EXHIBITOR REGISTRATION<br />
8am – 2pm • CC<br />
EXHIBITOR SET-UP<br />
8am – 2pm • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
REGISTRATION<br />
7am – 7pm • Lobby B • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong> BOOKSTORE<br />
8am – 5pm • Lobby B • CC<br />
EXHIBITS OPENING<br />
4pm – 6pm • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
SHORT COURSES<br />
Short Course Registration<br />
7am – 9am • CC<br />
Short Course Coffee Break<br />
7:15am – 9am • CC<br />
Short Course: Copper Heap Leach<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course: Introduction to the<br />
Design of Bilk Material Handling<br />
Conveyors<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course: Ore Reserve and<br />
Optimization in Strategic Mine<br />
Planning: Stochastic Models and<br />
Optimization<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course: Basic Safety and<br />
Health Practices for the Mining<br />
Industry<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course: Seismic Analysis<br />
and Interpretation for Mining<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course: Ground Freezing for<br />
Mining Applications<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course: Mine Water Balance<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course: Overview of<br />
Sustainability Reporting and GRI<br />
for Extractive Professionals<br />
9am – 5pm • CC<br />
Short Course Coffee Break<br />
10:15am – 10:30am • CC<br />
Short Course Luncheon<br />
Noon – 1pm • CC<br />
Short Course Break<br />
2:30pm – 3pm • CC<br />
7
CALENDAR OF EVENTS<br />
CC - Colorado Convention Center • H - Hyatt Regency Convention Center Hotel<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
BOARD & COMMITTEE<br />
MEETINGS<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/NSSGA Student Design<br />
Competition Finals Presentations<br />
7am – 2pm • H<br />
Foundation Campaign Steering<br />
Committee<br />
7:30am – 9:30am • H<br />
WAAIME Executive Committee<br />
8am – Noon • H<br />
Professional Engineers Exam<br />
Committee Workshop<br />
8am – 4pm • H<br />
Coal & Energy Division Executive<br />
Committee<br />
9am – Noon • H<br />
Environmental Division Executive<br />
Committee<br />
9am – Noon • H<br />
IM&AD Executive Committee<br />
9am – Noon • H<br />
M&E Division Executive<br />
Committee<br />
9am – Noon • H<br />
MPD Executive Committee<br />
9am – Noon • H<br />
Mineral Schools<br />
Department Heads<br />
9:30am – Noon • H<br />
Student Chapter Reps<br />
Subcommittee<br />
11am – Noon • H<br />
Board of Directors<br />
12pm – 4pm • H<br />
ADTI – MMS <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
1pm – 4pm • H<br />
IM&AD <strong>Program</strong> Committee<br />
1pm – 2pm • H<br />
Student Forum and Reception<br />
1pm – 3pm • CC<br />
Coal & Energy Unit Committee<br />
2pm – 3pm • H<br />
MPD Unit Committee<br />
2pm – 3pm • H<br />
Mentor <strong>Meeting</strong> Place<br />
3pm – 5pm • CC<br />
Educators Forum<br />
3pm – 5pm • CC<br />
<strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> of Members<br />
4pm – 5pm • H<br />
MMSA <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
4pm – 6pm • H<br />
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
Exhibit Hall Grand Opening<br />
Reception<br />
4pm – 6pm • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Foundation Dinner and Mardi<br />
Gras/Casino Night (Ticketed)<br />
6:30pm – 7pm: Cocktails • H<br />
7pm – 11pm: Dinner, Awards and<br />
Casino Night • H<br />
Student Mixer<br />
9pm – Midnight • H<br />
Monday, February 25, 2013<br />
REGISTRATION<br />
7am – 5:30pm • CC<br />
AUTHORS’ COFFEE<br />
7:30am – 8:30am • CC<br />
SPEAKER READY ROOM<br />
7:30am – 5pm • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong> BOOKSTORE<br />
8am – 5pm • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong> KEYNOTE SESSION<br />
8:30am – 11am • CC<br />
EXHIBIT<br />
11am – 5:30pm • Exhibit Hall• CC<br />
DREYER LECTURE<br />
1:30pm – 2:30pm • CC<br />
MPD PLENARY LECTURES:<br />
Gaudin, Richards, and<br />
Wadsworth Lectures<br />
2:00pm – 4:30pm • CC<br />
BOARD & COMMITTEE<br />
MEETINGS<br />
MPD Nominating Committee<br />
7am – 9am • H<br />
M&MP Editorial Board<br />
8am – 10am • H<br />
Young Leaders Committee<br />
8am – 11am • H<br />
IM&AD Technical Committee<br />
8am – 9am • CC<br />
Environmental Division<br />
Business <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
8am – 9am • CC<br />
WAAIME Scholarship Committee<br />
8am – 4pm • H<br />
Young Leaders Mentoring Session<br />
(by ticket only)<br />
11am – 1pm • CC<br />
Bulk Material Handling Committee<br />
11:30am – 1pm • CC<br />
Health & Safety Committee <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
11:30am – 1:30pm • CC<br />
Section Reps <strong>Meeting</strong> & Luncheon<br />
11:30am – 1:30pm • CC<br />
Accreditation and Curricular Issues<br />
1pm – 3pm • CC<br />
Peer Review Editorial Board <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
1pm – 2:30pm • CC<br />
Research Committee & Educational<br />
Sustainability Task Force Session<br />
1pm – 3pm • CC<br />
OneMine Board <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
2pm – 4pm • H<br />
Mining Engineering Committee<br />
2:30pm – 4:30pm • CC<br />
ABET Visitor Selection Committee<br />
(Closed)<br />
3pm – 5pm • CC<br />
CMA <strong>Annual</strong> Membership <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
3:45pm • CC<br />
IM&AD Nominating Committee<br />
4pm – 5pm • H<br />
Dreyer Award Committee<br />
4pm – 5:30pm • H<br />
8
CALENDAR OF EVENTS<br />
CC - Colorado Convention Center • H - Hyatt Regency Convention Center Hotel<br />
Monday, February 25, 2013<br />
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
Spouse/Guest Meet and Greet<br />
Brunch<br />
11am – 1pm • H<br />
Exhibit Hall Luncheon<br />
11:30am – 1pm • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
New Member Orientation<br />
& Reception<br />
5pm – 6:30pm • CC<br />
WAAIME Members & Scholarship<br />
Recipients Reception (Invitation Only)<br />
5pm – 6:30pm • H<br />
Innovation in Metallurgical<br />
Processing Keynote & Reception<br />
(Ticketed)<br />
5pm – 7pm • H<br />
Rising Professionals Social (Ticketed)<br />
7pm – 9pm • H<br />
Tuesday, February 26, 2013<br />
REGISTRATION<br />
7am – 5pm • CC<br />
AUTHORS’ COFFEE<br />
7:30am – 8:30am • CC<br />
SPEAKER READY ROOM<br />
7:30am – 5pm • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong> BOOKSTORE<br />
8am – 5pm • CC<br />
EXHIBIT<br />
11am – 5:30pm • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong> 2014 ANNUAL MEETING<br />
EXHIBIT SPACE SALES<br />
10am – 5pm • CC<br />
BOARD & COMMITTEE<br />
MEETINGS<br />
Foundation Board of Trustees<br />
<strong>Meeting</strong><br />
7am – 9am • H<br />
OTC Planning Committee<br />
7am – 9am • H<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/NSSGA Student Design<br />
Competition Planning <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
8am – 9am • CC<br />
Sustainable Development<br />
Committee<br />
8am – 9am • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong> e-Learning Committee<br />
<strong>Meeting</strong><br />
9am – 10:30am • CC<br />
Student Member Affairs Committee<br />
10am – Noon • CC<br />
Silent Auction – Environmental Div.<br />
11am – 4pm • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
Coal & Energy Division Business<br />
<strong>Meeting</strong> (held during Luncheon)<br />
Noon – 2pm • CC<br />
IM&AD Business <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
1:45pm – 2pm • CC<br />
Research Council <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
2pm – 4pm • CC<br />
Information Publishing Committee<br />
3pm – 5pm • H<br />
Government & Public Affairs<br />
Committee<br />
3pm – 5pm • H<br />
Council of Education<br />
& Accreditation<br />
4pm – 5pm • CC<br />
M&E/Coal Underground<br />
Ventilation Unit Committee<br />
4pm – 5pm • CC<br />
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
Women of <strong>SME</strong> Breakfast (Ticketed)<br />
7:30am – 9am • H<br />
Coal & Energy Division Luncheon,<br />
Silent Auction and Business<br />
<strong>Meeting</strong> (Ticketed)<br />
Noon – 1:30pm • CC<br />
Environmental Division Luncheon<br />
(Ticketed)<br />
Noon – 1:30pm • CC<br />
IM&AD Luncheon and Silent<br />
Auction (Ticketed)<br />
Noon – 2pm • CC<br />
Exhibit Hall Afternoon Social<br />
3:30pm – 5:30pm • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
Plant Operators Open Forum<br />
4pm – 5pm • CC<br />
International Visitor’s Reception<br />
(Invitation Only)<br />
5:30pm – 7pm • H<br />
CMA Environmental Stewardship<br />
Awards Banquet (Ticketed)<br />
6pm – 9pm • H<br />
Scotch Nightcap<br />
Scholarship Fundraiser (Ticketed)<br />
8pm – 11pm • H<br />
9
CALENDAR OF EVENTS<br />
CC - Colorado Convention Center • H - Hyatt Regency Convention Center Hotel<br />
Wednesday, February 27, 2013<br />
REGISTRATION<br />
7am – 2pm • Foyer • CC<br />
AUTHORS’ COFFEE<br />
7:30am – 8:30am • CC<br />
SPEAKER READY ROOM<br />
7:30am – 5pm • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong> BOOKSTORE<br />
8am – 2pm • CC<br />
EXHIBIT<br />
8am – Noon • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
EXHIBITOR MOVE-OUT<br />
Noon – 8pm • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
JACKLING LECTURE<br />
1:30pm – 2pm • CC<br />
2014 <strong>SME</strong> ANNUAL MEETING<br />
EXHIBIT SPACE SALES<br />
8am – 11am • CC<br />
BOARD & COMMITTEE<br />
MEETINGS<br />
2014 <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
<strong>Program</strong> Committee<br />
7:30am – 9am • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/AIME Past President’s<br />
Breakfast<br />
7:30am – 9am • H<br />
2015 <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
<strong>Program</strong> Committee<br />
9am – 10am • CC<br />
Minerals Education Coalition<br />
(formerly GEM & Mii <strong>Meeting</strong>s)<br />
9am – Noon • CC<br />
AIME Mudd Fund Committee<br />
9:30am – Noon • H<br />
Distinguished Member Award<br />
Nominating Committee (Closed)<br />
10am – 11am • CC<br />
Educational Sustainability<br />
10am – Noon • CC<br />
Registered Member Admissions<br />
Committee<br />
11am – 12:30pm • CC<br />
MPD Business <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
1:45pm – 2pm • CC<br />
International Committee <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
2pm – 4pm • CC<br />
M&E Division Business <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
2pm – 2:30pm • CC<br />
M&E Division Unit Committee<br />
2:30pm – 3:30pm • CC<br />
Environmental Division Nominating<br />
Planning Committee <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
3pm – 5pm • CC<br />
MPD Executive Committee<br />
3pm – 4pm • CC<br />
Resources & Reserves Committee<br />
<strong>Meeting</strong><br />
3pm – 4:30pm • CC<br />
Nominating Strategic Committee<br />
(Closed)<br />
3:30pm – 5pm • CC<br />
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
Exhibit Hall Continental Breakfast<br />
8am – 9:30am • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
M&E Division Luncheon &<br />
Silent Auction (Ticketed)<br />
Noon – 2pm • CC<br />
MPD Division Luncheon /<br />
Student Poster Session (Ticketed)<br />
Noon – 1:30pm • CC<br />
CMA/Colorado Division of<br />
Mining, Reclamation & Safety<br />
Awards Luncheon (Ticketed)<br />
Noon – 2pm • CC<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/AIME Dinner VIP Reception<br />
5:30pm – 7pm • H<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/AIME Dinner Reception<br />
(COD)<br />
6pm – 7pm • H<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/AIME Dinner (Ticketed)<br />
7pm – 9:30pm • H<br />
President’s Reception<br />
(Invitation Only)<br />
9:30pm – Midnight • H<br />
Thursday, February 28, 2013<br />
EXHIBITOR MOVE-OUT<br />
7am – Noon • Exhibit Hall • CC<br />
BOARD OF DIRECTORS<br />
MEETING<br />
8am – 11:30am • H<br />
FIELD TRIP<br />
Henderson Mine<br />
8am – 12:30pm • H<br />
10
Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit<br />
Mining in Colorado:<br />
It’s about the People<br />
and the jobs!<br />
Colorado Mining Association 115th National Western Mining Conference<br />
FEBRUARY 25 — 27, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
Denver, Colorado<br />
Mining is one of Colorado’s great economic engines. Mineral production in the state<br />
accounts for more than $6 billion in wealth. Often overlooked in this array of wealth creation<br />
is the human factor; mining employs over 12,000 people directly and accounts for more than<br />
46,000 jobs in Colorado’s economy. The industry pays top wages, but more importantly,<br />
contributes to sustainable, long term employment throughout the state.<br />
This year’s conference focuses on the contributions of these industries, the opportunities<br />
in mining throughout Colorado and the west, what the industry is doing in terms of public<br />
outreach and education, and the challenges the industry faces going forward. A special<br />
session will address the industry’s and CMA’s actions in shaping regulations – both state<br />
and federal – that impact our future. The final session will address political realities in the era<br />
of “campaign finance reform” and the role of political organizations in the election process.<br />
So make plans to attend the CMA’s 115th National Western Mining Conference — held in<br />
conjunction with the <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> Members <strong>Meeting</strong> — which will draw more than 6,000<br />
mining and resource professionals from all sectors of the industry to Denver, Colorado, the<br />
mining capital of the world.<br />
This program has been approved for 11 Colorado Continuing Legal Education Credits
Monday, February 25, 2013<br />
Session Chairman: Jerry Nettleton<br />
MINING IN COLORADO<br />
1:15 P.M. TO 5 P.M.<br />
Room 605/607<br />
Environmental Manager, Twentymile Coal, LLC., Oak Creek, Colorado<br />
Colorado is still a leading mineral producing state, and the mining industry<br />
offers many opportunities, notwithstanding the challenges that mining<br />
companies face. Colorado ranks 1st in the production of molybdenum,<br />
4th in gold and 9th in coal production. This session will highlight what’s new and<br />
exciting in Colorado mining, leading off with an update of the historic reopening<br />
of the Climax molybdenum mine, which involved a $700 million investment<br />
in the mine and mill, and a discussion of activities at Henderson. The health<br />
of the coal mining industry has been the subject of much discussion, with<br />
potential new opportunities in the export markets but considerable uncertainty<br />
at home. While coal production in Colorado increased slightly in 2011 and again in the<br />
industry’s future both at home and throughout the U. S. This session will attempt to<br />
provide answers from the perspective of one of the world’s leading producers.<br />
Speaking of leading producers, the Cripple Creek & Victor Gold Mining Company<br />
will also discuss recently announced plans to expand and extend the mine life for an<br />
additional ten years beyond 2016. And it’s important not to overlook silver, as the<br />
session includes a presentation on the Rio Grande Silver project (owned and operated<br />
by a subsidiary of Hecla Mining) in Mineral County. The afternoon will conclude with<br />
a small miner perspective on project development in historic mining areas.<br />
Molybdenum: An Update on the Henderson and Climax Mines<br />
Michael McDonald, General Manager, Climax Molybdenum Company, Climax, Colorado<br />
Arch Western Bituminous Group: Past, Present and Future<br />
Gene DiClaudio, President, Arch Western Bituminous Group, Grand Junction, Colorado
Continuing the Mining Heritage: The Cresson Mine Expansion<br />
Raymond G. DuBois, Vice President, Cripple Creek & Victor Gold Mining Company,<br />
Victor, Colorado<br />
Rio Grande Silver, Inc.: The San Juan Silver Project<br />
Randall McClure, Acting General Manager, Rio Grande Silver, Inc., Creede, Colorado<br />
Mining in Historic Districts: The San Juan Gold Project<br />
C. Stephen Guyer, Chief Financial Officer, Colorado Goldfields, Inc., Littleton, Colorado<br />
THERE WILL BE A SHORT BREAK PRIOR TO THE ANNUAL MEMBERSHIP MEETING<br />
COLORADO MINING ASSOCIATION<br />
ANNUAL MEMBERSHIP MEETING<br />
3:45 P.M.<br />
<strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> of Officers and Directors<br />
Chairman and President’s Report<br />
Election of Officers and Directors<br />
5 P.M. RECEPTION IN THE EXHIBIT AREA<br />
CMA PRESIDENT<br />
STUART SANDERSON<br />
CMA CHAIRMAN<br />
WILLIAM ZISCH<br />
ROYAL GOLD, INC.<br />
CMA CHAIRMAN-ELECT<br />
115TH NWMC PROGRAM<br />
CHAIRMAN<br />
JERRY NETTLETON<br />
TWENTYMILE COAL, LLC.
Tuesday, February 26, 2013<br />
OUTREACH AND EDUCATION THROUGHOUT THE INDUSTRY<br />
9 A.M. TO 11:30 A.M.<br />
Chairman: Doug Magee<br />
Room 605/607<br />
Vice President, Research, MGA Communications, Inc., Denver, Colorado<br />
The mining industry is making great progress in getting the message out to<br />
the public about the importance of mining. This session will address the many<br />
programs undertaken by associations and by individual companies throughout<br />
Colorado, the west and the country to raise public awareness of mining and to<br />
support important charitable projects. Starting in Colorado with the project to<br />
restore one of the state’s most important symbols, the Capitol Dome, the session will<br />
discuss the National Mining Association’s Minerals Make Life program, the Society<br />
for Mining Metallurgy & Exploration’s Minerals Education Coalition, and the Northwest<br />
Mining Association’s award winning The More You Dig initiative. The session will<br />
conclude with a presentation by the Colorado Mining Association Education Foundation’s<br />
summer course entitled All About Mining.<br />
Share in the Care Colorado: Restoring the Capitol Dome<br />
Marie Patterson, Manager, State Government Affairs, AngloGold Ashanti North<br />
America Inc., Centennial, Colorado<br />
Minerals Make Life<br />
Carol Raulston, Senior Vice President, Communications, National Mining Association,<br />
Washington, DC<br />
The More You Dig<br />
Laura Skaer, Executive Director, Northwest Mining Association, Spokane, Washington<br />
The Minerals Education Coalition<br />
Michael D. Sheahan, President/CEO, Front Range Aggregates, Castle Rock, Colorado<br />
All About Mining<br />
Paul Jones, Chairman, Colorado Mining Association Education Foundation, Golden,<br />
Colorado
MINING REGULATION UPDATE:<br />
THE GOOD, THE BAD AND THE DOWNRIGHT UGLY<br />
1 P.M. TO 5 P.M.<br />
Room 605/607<br />
Chairman: John Watson<br />
Partner, Berenbaum, Weinshienk, Denver, Colorado<br />
The mining industry faces some of the most serious regulatory, legal and political<br />
challenges in its history. State water quality initiatives will raise costs of compliance<br />
to staggering levels. The sage grouse initiative threatens coal mining and<br />
other development throughout Colorado. SEC Guide 7 will also impact mining<br />
companies worldwide.<br />
mining industry throughout Colorado and the United States, with emphasis on<br />
what CMA is doing to defend the industry’s interests in these arenas, including the<br />
recent changes to arsenic standards and stormwater permitting requirements. The<br />
session will also review some of CMA’s accomplishments, including the successful<br />
promulgation of the Colorado roadless rule and what that will do keep the mining<br />
industry “in business” throughout the state. The session will also review CMA’s<br />
efforts and those in other states to update aquatic life water quality criteria for<br />
aluminum and iron.<br />
The Sage Grouse, the Colorado Roadless Rule<br />
and How Colorado is Responding<br />
Mike King, Executive Director, Colorado Department of Natural Resources,<br />
Denver, Colorado<br />
Water Quality Rules in Colorado: What the State is Doing<br />
and What the Industry is Doing About It<br />
Eric Fry, Director of Regulatory Affairs, Peabody Energy, Evansville, Indiana<br />
Studies to Support Implementation of Aquatic Life Criteria<br />
for Poorly Soluble Metals<br />
Steve Canton, Bob Gensemer, and Stephanie Baker, GEI Consultants, Inc.,<br />
Denver, Colorado
Challenges of SEC Industry Guide 7 for U. S. Mining Companies<br />
Michelle Shepston, Partner, Davis, Graham, & Stubbs, LLP, Denver, Colorado<br />
Challenges: Fuel Switching, Public Lands Constraints,<br />
Paul Seby, Partner, Moye White, LLP, Denver, Colorado<br />
COLORADO MINING ASSOCIATION ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP<br />
AND POLLUTION PREVENTION AWARDS BANQUET<br />
CENTENNIAL BALLROOM - HYATT REGENCY CONVENTION CENTER HOTEL<br />
RECEPTION<br />
6:00 P.M. TO 7 PM.<br />
BANQUET<br />
7 P.M. – 9 P.M.<br />
SPEAKER: CHRISTOPHER E. URBINA, MD, MPH<br />
Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment<br />
PRESENTATION OF AWARDS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL<br />
STEWARDSHIP AND POLLUTION PREVENTION<br />
ENTERTAINMENT: CRAIG ZABLOCKI<br />
<strong>Meeting</strong> Energizer Craig Zablocki or one of his humorous<br />
associates will provide a hilarious boost to your bottom line!<br />
This is one motivational evening you will not want to miss.
Wednesday, February 27, 2013<br />
CAMPAIGN FINANCE REFORM:<br />
THE IMPACT ON COLORADO ELECTIONS<br />
AND THE MINING INDUSTRY<br />
8:45 A.M. TO 11 A.M.<br />
Chairman: Shayne Madsen<br />
Room 605/607<br />
Partner, Jackson Kelly, PLLC, Denver, Colorado<br />
on direct contributions to candidate campaigns and prohibited corporations from giving<br />
keynote presentation by Colorado’s Secretary of State on the current rules that govern<br />
and ensure the integrity of elections in Colorado. Following his presentation, two of<br />
KEYNOTE PRESENTATION<br />
“ELECTIONS IN COLORADO: WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW”<br />
HONORABLE SCOTT GESSLER<br />
COLORADO SECRETARY OF STATE<br />
DENVER, COLORADO
PANEL DISCUSSION – CAMPAIGN FINANCE REFORM AND ITS IMPACT ON<br />
ELECTIONS IN COLORADO<br />
Michael Feeley, Partner, Brownstein, Hyatt, Farber & Schreck, Denver, Colorado<br />
Richard Wadhams, Independent Political Consultant, Denver, Colorado<br />
Moderator: Shayne Madsen, Partner, Jackson Kelly, PLLC, Denver, Colorado<br />
As co-chair of Brownstein, Hyatt, Farber & Schreck’s Government Relations Group,<br />
State Senate from 1993-2001, all but one of those years as Senate Minority Leader.<br />
Richard Wadhams, independent political consultant, served most recently as Colorado<br />
Republican Party Chairman, and previously as campaign manager in several national<br />
reform, how various constituencies have formed organizations to assist them in meeting<br />
their election goals, and the role that businesses may play in promoting their<br />
interests before state and national legislatures.<br />
ELECTIONS AND THE MINING INDUSTRY IN COLORADO<br />
Stuart Sanderson, President, Colorado Mining Association<br />
CLOSING AWARDS LUNCHEON<br />
NOON TO 2 P.M.<br />
(DOORS OPEN AT 11:45 A.M.)<br />
COLORADO MINING ASSOCIATION<br />
COLORADO DIVISION OF RECLAMATION MINING & SAFETY<br />
COLORADO MINED LAND RECLAMATION BOARD<br />
RECLAMATION & SAFETY AWARDS<br />
COLORADO CONVENTION CENTER FOUR SEASONS BALLROOM 4
FEATURED SPEAKER:<br />
VINCE “BLUTO” SAPORITO<br />
“CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT THROUGH LESSONS LEARNED”<br />
A decorated Navy Veteran and former TOPGUN instructor pilot, Bluto Saporito knows<br />
the value of safety. Having flown over 2,900 hours in the F-14, F-18, F-14A Tomcat<br />
and other fighter aircraft, he has engaged in 45 combat missions, and 449 carrier<br />
arrested landings. Bluto’s high energy presentation will share the proven practices from<br />
aircraft carrier operations, airline aviation, and space operations. He will identify how<br />
aviation’s tragic incidents kick-started their performance/safety initiatives into a journey<br />
towards zero incident operations, and how lessons learned can be applied in other<br />
high-reliability industries.<br />
RECLAMATION AND SAFETY AWARDS PRESENTATION WILL IMMEDIATELY<br />
FOLLOW THE PRESENTATION<br />
2 P.M. CONFERENCE CONCLUDES
CMA Wishes to Thank the Members of the<br />
115 Th National Western Mining Conference & Exhibition<br />
Planning Committee for their<br />
Invaluable Assistance in Assembling the <strong>Program</strong><br />
CMA CHAIRMAN<br />
WILLIAM ZISCH<br />
ROYAL GOLD, INC.<br />
CMA CHAIRMAN-ELECT AND 115TH NWMC PROGRAM CHAIRMAN<br />
JERRY NETTLETON<br />
TWENTYMILE COAL, LLC.<br />
SESSION CHAIRS<br />
JERRY NETTLETON, PEABODY ENERGY, TWENTYMILE COAL, LLC<br />
DOUG MAGEE, MGA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.<br />
JOHN L. WATSON, BERENBAUM, WIENSHIENK<br />
SHAYNE MADSEN, JACKSON KELLY, PLLC<br />
COMMITTEE MEMBERS<br />
LEE BERGSTEDT, GEI CONSULTANTS, INC.<br />
ROLAN MARRILL, SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC<br />
GEORGE ROBINSON, WILDCAT MINING INC.<br />
FRANK SELF, CHECK 6 INTERNATIONAL
JOIN THE COLORADO MINING ASSOCIATION<br />
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF SUSTAINING MEMBERSHIP?<br />
COLORADO MINING ASSOCIATION<br />
216 16th Street, Suite 1250<br />
Denver, CO 80202<br />
Phone: 303-575-9199<br />
Fax: 303-575-9194<br />
Email: colomine@coloradomining.org<br />
Web: www.coloradomining.org<br />
As a sustaining member, your company will receive added value for your investment<br />
in the mining industry. Your membership admits you to a network of<br />
nearly 900 individuals and companies engaged in mining throughout the world.<br />
CMA sustaining members receive a special, separate listing in the annual membership<br />
directory, discounts up to 15% for advertising in the CMA Directory, and a free link on the<br />
CMA website that includes your logo, website address, and description of your company’s<br />
activities. Finally, sustaining members receive a substantial discount on exhibit space<br />
when the National Western Mining Conference is held as a stand-alone event. All of these<br />
savings can add up to over $2,000 annually.<br />
Additional Sustaining<br />
Membership Benefits<br />
Between $200 - $500 for additional<br />
individual members at $100 each<br />
Cost without<br />
Sustaining Membership<br />
$200 - $500<br />
Advertising in the CMA Directory Up to $300<br />
Directory company listing and<br />
company description with contact info<br />
Published Company info and<br />
company contact on the CMA website<br />
Discount on Exhibit Space (when<br />
the Conference is a stand-alone event)<br />
$200 - $500<br />
$250<br />
$700<br />
Approx. Total Savings<br />
$1,350 - $2,250<br />
Sustaining members are further entitled to all of the benefits that are available<br />
through regular membership in CMA. These include a complimentary subscription<br />
to the newsletter, Rock & Coal, the annual membership directory and participation<br />
in CMA standing committees. All sustaining members may also apply to participate<br />
in the CMA/Pinnacol Assurance Group Dividend program, which enables companies<br />
to obtain lower rates on workers compensation insurance. Contact or email<br />
Jody Courtney at jcourtney@coloradomining.org for information on how<br />
your company can benefit from sustaining membership.<br />
Visit us at<br />
www.coloradomining.org<br />
to Like CMA on Facebook<br />
and Follow Us on Twitter
COST OF MEMBERSHIP<br />
<strong>Annual</strong> dues for sustaining members are based on<br />
the size and type of your business.<br />
Small Mining Companies –<br />
Fewer than 50 employees in Colorado $2,500<br />
Large Mining Companies –<br />
Contact<br />
50 or more employees in Colorado CMA<br />
Small Service and Supplier Firms –<br />
Fewer than 50 employees in Colorado $1,000<br />
Large Service and Supplier Firms –<br />
50 or more employees in Colorado $2,500<br />
SUSTAINING MEMBER APPLICATION<br />
Company<br />
Phone Fax<br />
Company Representative<br />
Position or Title<br />
Email<br />
Street Address<br />
City, State, Zip<br />
Type of Company<br />
Number of Employees<br />
Brief Company Description<br />
Date<br />
Card #<br />
Visit us at<br />
www.coloradomining.org<br />
to Like CMA on Facebook<br />
and Follow Us on Twitter<br />
Expiration Date<br />
Signature
How can I get involved in CMA?<br />
Join a Committee!<br />
Membership also affords you the opportunity to<br />
participate in CMA’s standing committees, which<br />
develop positions on policies impacting the mining<br />
industry. You may join any one or more of the following<br />
committees:<br />
• Coal<br />
• Hardrock<br />
• Outreach<br />
• Health & Safety<br />
• International Affairs<br />
• Air Quality<br />
• Water Quality<br />
• Uranium<br />
These committees provide a wealth of volunteer<br />
technical support and give you opportunities to<br />
build business relationships with industry clients.<br />
COST OF MEMBERSHIP<br />
CMA annual dues are $100 for individual<br />
members. There is no initiation fee.<br />
INDIVIDUAL MEMBER APPLICATION<br />
<strong>Full</strong> Name<br />
Your Position<br />
Business Name<br />
Email Address<br />
Business Mailing Address<br />
Business City, State, Zip<br />
Business Phone Fax<br />
Home Address<br />
Home City, State, Zip<br />
Home Phone<br />
Preferred Mailing Address Home<br />
Business<br />
COLORADO MINING ASSOCIATION<br />
216 16th Street, Suite 1250 Denver, CO 80202<br />
Phone: 303-575-9199 Fax: 303-575-9194<br />
Email: colomine@coloradomining.org<br />
Web: www.coloradomining.org<br />
Card #<br />
Expiration Date<br />
Visa MC AMEX Discover<br />
Visit us at<br />
www.coloradomining.org<br />
to Like CMA on Facebook<br />
and Follow Us on Twitter<br />
Signature
SHORT COURSES<br />
Saturday & Sunday, February 23 & 24, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
Copper Heap Leach<br />
Member: $495 • Nonmember: $595<br />
Student Member: $350<br />
Overview:<br />
The Copper Heap Leach course is designed to provide<br />
the attendees with a comprehensive understanding<br />
of the technology and economics of copper heap<br />
leaching. It focuses on the basic principles that<br />
underpin copper heap leaching and provides a detailed<br />
review of geometallurgy related to copper leaching,<br />
the design and implementation of metallurgical testing<br />
programs, the interpretation of test results, and the<br />
use of the results to design, construct, and operate<br />
successful copper heap leach operations. The course<br />
will cover the following specific aspects of copper<br />
heap leaching: 1) the history of copper leaching and<br />
solvent extraction electrowinning of copper, 2) the<br />
design and implementation of metallurgical testing<br />
programs and the interpretation of test results, 3) the<br />
geometallurgy and chemistry of copper leaching, the<br />
interaction of the leach solutions with specific minerals<br />
in the ore, and the importance of quantifying the ore/<br />
gangue mineralogy, 4)solvent extraction of metals,<br />
5) The geotechnical aspects of copper heap leaching,<br />
including water balance issues and the design and<br />
construction of pads and ponds, 6) the design of SX/<br />
EW plants, and 7) the dissection of one or more failed<br />
copper heap leach operations. The course will include<br />
a course summary with a question and answer period.<br />
Course Content by Day:<br />
Day 1:<br />
• Introduction and Course Overview Keane/Dreier<br />
• The Geometallurgy and Chemistry of Copper<br />
Leaching – J.E. Dreier<br />
• Commercial Ore Testing – J. Keane<br />
• Heap Construction – Randy Scheffel<br />
• Bioleaching - Corale Brierley<br />
• Overview of Copper Heap Leaching – G. Kordosky<br />
Day 2:<br />
• Solvent Extraction of Metals - G. Kordosky<br />
• Pad and Pond Lay-Out and Site Investigation –<br />
Dave Kidd<br />
• Water Balance and Liner Design - Dave Kidd<br />
• Design of SX-EW Plants – Paul Thompsen<br />
• Evaluation of a Successful Operation (Cerro<br />
Verde) – Joe Campbell<br />
• Evaluation of a Failed Operation (Equitorial<br />
Tonopah) – Joe Keane<br />
• Discussion and Recap<br />
Instructors:<br />
Joseph M. Keane<br />
K D Engineering<br />
520-579-8315<br />
jkeane@kdengco.com<br />
Gary Kordosky, Ph. D.<br />
520-743-0677<br />
John E. Dreier Ph.D<br />
303-278-4445<br />
Paul Thompson<br />
Jacobs Engineering<br />
Phone: 520-917-5500<br />
David Kidd<br />
Golder Associates<br />
520-888-8818<br />
Randolph Scheffel<br />
303-663-7542<br />
Saturday & Sunday, February 23 & 24, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
Introduction to the Design of Bulk<br />
Material Handling Conveyors<br />
Member: $495 • Nonmember: $595<br />
Student Member: $350<br />
Overview:<br />
This course will provide training in the process of<br />
designing Bulk Material Handling Conveyors starting<br />
with a system design overview and then reviewing<br />
tension and power calculations. Discussions on key<br />
components in a conveyor system will be presented<br />
and considerations for the proper selection of these<br />
components will be reviewed. Open discussion<br />
throughout the course will be encouraged. The course<br />
is designed for engineers involved in conveyor design<br />
and component selection. Some prior experience in<br />
conveyor design will be helpful but not required.<br />
Course Content by Day:<br />
Day 1:<br />
• Introduction and review of course objectives<br />
• Conveyor system design overview<br />
• Tension and power calculations<br />
• Drives, Electrical<br />
• Drives, Mechanical<br />
• Belting<br />
• Open discussion<br />
25
SHORT COURSES<br />
Day 2<br />
• Pulley Assemblies<br />
• Bearings<br />
• Idlers<br />
• Wrap up<br />
Instructors:<br />
Steve Shadow<br />
Baldor Electric Company<br />
303-840-0048<br />
sshadow@baldor.com<br />
Leo J. Laughlin<br />
641-621-2548<br />
Saturday & Sunday, February 23 & 24, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
Ore Reserve Risk and Optimization<br />
in Strategic Mine Planning:<br />
Stochastic Models and Optimization<br />
Member: $495 • Nonmember: $595<br />
Student Member: $350<br />
The final stage of the course is a series of computer<br />
workshops, and introduces to participants new<br />
powerful public domain software (SGeMS). Data and<br />
software remains with the participants.<br />
Please note: It is strongly recommended that participants<br />
bring a laptop.<br />
Course Content:<br />
• Introduction<br />
• Quantification of uncertainty in strategic planning<br />
creates opportunities, value, shelters investment<br />
and maximises profits<br />
• Frameworks for uncertainty modelling,<br />
profitability, optimization and mining operations<br />
• Concepts and Techniques<br />
• New Technologies<br />
• Practice of Simulations for Risk Modelling in<br />
Mining<br />
• Computer Workshops<br />
Instructor:<br />
Roussos Dimitrakopoulos<br />
McGill University, Canada<br />
Overview:<br />
This two-day course presents the new generation<br />
of applied technologies integrating geostatistical<br />
simulation methods for reserve risk management<br />
with new stochastic mine planning optimization<br />
developments, leading to improved cash flow<br />
assessments. Emphasis is placed on the downstream<br />
applications pertinent to the feasibility, design,<br />
development and planning stages of mining ventures,<br />
as well as in the financial optimization of relevant<br />
aspects of operations and production. Computer<br />
workshops introduce participants to the practical aspects<br />
of the technologies taught in lectures. New public domain<br />
software with graphic capabilities is introduced.<br />
Participants will:<br />
• Discover how and why risk-based models create<br />
value and opportunities<br />
• Understand how to quantify and utilize grade/<br />
tonnage/metal uncertainty and variability<br />
• Learn about new efficient simulation methods for<br />
modelling orebodies and how to utilise the results<br />
in a diversity mining applications<br />
• Understand how to use quantified orebody risk in<br />
ore reserve estimation, mine planning and design,<br />
and mineral project valuation<br />
• Learn about the new stochastic mine planning<br />
framework for life of mine optimization<br />
• Learn from actual industry examples and diverse<br />
applications<br />
• Participate in hands-on computer workshops using<br />
real case studies<br />
26<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
Basic Safety and Health Practices<br />
for the Mining Industry<br />
Member: $395 • Nonmember: $495<br />
Student Member: $250<br />
Overview:<br />
The objective of this course is to provide a basic<br />
understanding of safety and health management and<br />
federal requirements applicable to the mining industry.<br />
This course is designed to provide individuals an<br />
introduction to the knowledge and skills necessary<br />
to carry out the responsibilities and duties of an<br />
inexperienced safety representative. The course<br />
will cover the basics of safety management and the<br />
elements of a mine safety program, responsibilities<br />
under the Mine Safety and Health Act, conducting<br />
inspections and accident investigations. The course<br />
will also provide classroom practice in performing<br />
Job Safety Analysis, determining causal factors, and<br />
properly completing the required MSHA forms for<br />
accident reporting, training record completion and<br />
other Part 50 recordkeeping requirements. This course<br />
is designed for supervisors (new and potential future<br />
supervisors) and technical professionals, particularly<br />
recent college graduates, wanting to know more about<br />
safety and health management as it is applied to the<br />
mining industry.
SHORT COURSES<br />
Course Content:<br />
• Safety management basics<br />
• Elements of a mine safety program<br />
• Responsibilities under the Mine Safety and Health Act<br />
• Conducting inspections and accident investigations<br />
• Job Safety Analysis<br />
• Root Cause Analysis<br />
• Completing required MSHA forms (accident<br />
reporting, training record completion and other<br />
Part 50 recordkeeping requirements)<br />
Instructors:<br />
Jerry Powers<br />
Colorado School of Mines<br />
303-278-0710<br />
jlpowers@mines.edu<br />
Robert Ferriter<br />
Colorado School of Mines<br />
303-278-0710<br />
Janet Torma-Krajewski<br />
Colorado School of Mines<br />
303-278-0710<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
Seismic Analysis and Interpretation<br />
for Mining<br />
Member: $395 • Nonmember: $495<br />
Student Member: $250<br />
Overview:<br />
Today many underground mines and some open pit<br />
mines install and use seismic monitoring systems to<br />
track seismic activity on a daily basis. However the<br />
information in seismic data, often, is not used to its best<br />
capacity. Recent advances in technology and seismology<br />
techniques have enabled the extraction of more detailed<br />
information from full-waveform seismic data that can<br />
better explain the rockmass behavior. This additional<br />
information can be used in a variety of geotechnical<br />
tools and analysis. This workshop discusses techniques<br />
for standard and advanced seismic analysis and their<br />
application covering topic such as: Ray tracing and<br />
event location for simple and complex media such as<br />
block caves, backfilled areas and open pits, identifying<br />
trends in seismicity and their potential sources (which<br />
can be used in the identification of geological structures<br />
in inaccessible areas of the mine), advances in re-entry<br />
protocols following larger magnitude events and stress<br />
distribution analysis using seismic source mechanisms.<br />
The purpose of this course is to demonstrate how<br />
standard and advanced seismological techniques and<br />
the history of seismic data can be used to take the<br />
most value out of a seismic system and gather more<br />
information from the recorded mine signals. Seismic<br />
results such as more accurate relocations and source<br />
mechanisms (moment tensors) determined from fullwaveform<br />
data can be used to better interpret the<br />
rockmass reaction to mining, and use this additional<br />
database in geotechnical models and analysis.<br />
This workshop targets geotechnical and mine design<br />
engineers, ground control specialists, researchers, or<br />
anyone who has some knowledge about basic seismic<br />
monitoring and is interested in learning about the seismic<br />
analysis techniques and how the results can be used in<br />
mining operations to assess hazard and improve safety.<br />
Course Content:<br />
• Introduction: The Basics of Seismology and<br />
Source Parameters<br />
• Event Locations Around Voids an in Complex Media<br />
• Source Parameter Analysis and Re- entry Protocol<br />
• Source Mechanism and Stress Model Calibration<br />
• Identification and Characterization of Trends in<br />
Seismicity<br />
• Advances in Seismic Technology – State of the Art<br />
• Conclusions and Discussion<br />
Instructors:<br />
Cezar Trifu<br />
ESG Solutions<br />
613-548-8287<br />
Trifu@esgsolutions.com<br />
Dave Collins<br />
ESG Solutions<br />
613-548-8287<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
Ground Freezing for Mining<br />
Applications<br />
Member: $395 • Nonmember: $495<br />
Student Member: $250<br />
Overview:<br />
This course will provide attendees with a practical<br />
understanding of ground freezing, with a focus on<br />
mining applications and deep shaft sinking in particular.<br />
Participants will learn how to plan, appropriate actions<br />
for, and implement, a ground freezing program. Topics<br />
covered will include general principles, ground freezing<br />
methods, applications, design aspects, installation,<br />
behavior of frozen ground, and critical quality control<br />
measures. Case histories will be presented to illustrate<br />
the course content. Case histories will illustrate several<br />
different applications.<br />
27
SHORT COURSES<br />
The temporary control of groundwater is a critical<br />
aspect of deep shaft sinking. Ground freezing, which<br />
also eliminates the need for shoring or internal bracing,<br />
has proven highly effective in allowing safe excavation<br />
within the surrounding frozen soil matrix and can<br />
readily be accomplished in even the most difficult<br />
subsurface conditions and at great depths. At times<br />
ground freezing is be the only viable option. Although<br />
ground freezing has been practiced for well over 100<br />
years, this technology, and its advantages, is not well<br />
understood outside of a narrow specialty area. This<br />
course will provide industry professionals with a greater<br />
knowledge of this versatile and valuable technology,<br />
and the benefits of applying it to future projects.<br />
Course Content<br />
• Introduction & Historical Overview<br />
• Fundamental of Ground Freezing<br />
• Ground Conditions & Applicability of Ground<br />
Freezing<br />
• Comparison With Other Techniques<br />
• Applications Currently Employed in the Mining<br />
Industry<br />
• Groundwater Cut-off for Mine Workings<br />
• Case Studies<br />
Instructors:<br />
Paul C. Schmall, P.E.<br />
Moretrench American Corporation<br />
973-627-2011<br />
pschmall@mtac.com<br />
Joseph A. Sopko, Ph. D, P.E.<br />
Moretrench American Corporation<br />
920-889-0190<br />
Bernd Braun<br />
Ground Freezing Consultant<br />
972-304-9090<br />
Derek Maishman, P.E.<br />
Ground Freezing Consultant<br />
973-627-3679<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
Mine Water Balance 101<br />
Member: $395 • Nonmember: $495<br />
Student Member: $250<br />
Many of the challenges faced by mining companies<br />
involve water. This workshop will focus on water<br />
balance studies and water balance modeling as a tool<br />
for managing water quantity and (to a lesser extent)<br />
quality at mine and processing sites. The course will<br />
cover the following topics:<br />
• What is a water balance and why is it important?<br />
• What could a water balance be used for?<br />
• Defining the water balance objectives<br />
• Selecting water balance methodology and models<br />
• Collecting and evaluating the water balance input<br />
data<br />
• Developing and calibrating the model<br />
• Addressing water quality aspects<br />
• Generating data for reporting requirements<br />
(sustainability, closure, permitting)<br />
• Using the water balance for decision making<br />
A number of examples will be presented with the<br />
objective to cover a range of site conditions and<br />
project challenges. The use of different models will<br />
be demonstrated for achieving optimal results. The<br />
examples will also illustrate the use of the water<br />
balance model for decision making. Participants<br />
should bring their water balance issues/challenges; we<br />
will choose one issue (more if time permits) during<br />
the panel discussion at the end of the day to discuss /<br />
develop a strategy to address the water balance.<br />
This short course is targeted at participants who:<br />
• Have or anticipate having water challenges at their<br />
site.<br />
• Want to optimize their current water management<br />
practices.<br />
• Want to understand how to approach and structure<br />
a water balance study.<br />
• Want to understand the current trends and best<br />
practices for water balance modeling.<br />
• Are curious about water balance modeling and how<br />
to make sure models are calibrated and accurate.<br />
Instructors:<br />
Tatyana Alexieva<br />
MWH Global Water and Tailing Management Lead<br />
Melanie Davis<br />
Zygi Zurakowski<br />
Overview:<br />
This short course will provide an overview of water<br />
balance studies for mine and processing facility sites,<br />
what they are, why they are important, and how to<br />
interpret and use the results.<br />
28
SHORT COURSES<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
Colorado Convention Center<br />
Overview of Sustainability Reporting<br />
and GRI for Extractive Professionals<br />
Member: $395 • Nonmember: $495<br />
Student Member: $250<br />
Overview:<br />
The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is a nonprofit<br />
organization that promotes transparent<br />
disclosure regarding economic, environmental and<br />
social sustainability performance. GRI publishes a<br />
comprehensive sustainability reporting framework that<br />
is highly respected and widely used around the world.<br />
The GRI framework was developed through a global,<br />
multi-stakeholder process. This workshop will help<br />
<strong>SME</strong> attendees understand the overarching trends and<br />
drivers for sustainability reporting, particularly within<br />
the extractives sector.<br />
Corporate sustainability reporting is rapidly growing all<br />
over the world. In 2011, over 2000 companies published<br />
GRI reports. In the United States, an increasing number<br />
of companies are reporting in accordance with the GRI<br />
Guidelines (30% increase 2009 to 2010 and another<br />
46% 2010 to 2011 – over 300 companies in total).<br />
More than 75% of the top 100 companies in the US<br />
report on their corporate responsibility performance.<br />
Sustainability reporting is expanding even more rapidly<br />
across the extractives sector as stakeholder demands for<br />
transparency continue to grow.<br />
ERM is one of a small group of firms approved as GRIcertified<br />
training partners in the US and is proposing<br />
a workshop addressing sustainability reporting and the<br />
GRI guidelines and reporting process. ERM’s workshop<br />
will be targeted for <strong>SME</strong> members that want to develop<br />
a greater understanding of sustainability issues and<br />
emerging trends in sustainability reporting. This<br />
training will benefit <strong>SME</strong> conference attendees involved<br />
in site-level EHS management, as well as corporate staff<br />
who consolidate and analyze facility data used in GRI<br />
sustainability reports. This workshop will also benefit<br />
attendees wanting to further develop and broaden their<br />
professional credentials in this emerging area. As a<br />
takeaway, ERM will provide participants with a copy of<br />
the presentation materials used.<br />
Course Content:<br />
• Overview of Sustainability, Sustainability<br />
Reporting and GRI<br />
• Envisioning the Sustainability Report and<br />
Planning the Reporting Process<br />
• Stakeholder Engagement<br />
• Focusing on Material and Emerging Issues<br />
• Sustainability Metrics and Goals<br />
• Mining and Metals Sector Supplement<br />
• Data Collection and Management<br />
• Writing, Reviewing, Assuring and Approving the<br />
Report<br />
• Continuous Improvement: Lessons Learned and<br />
Best Practices<br />
Instructors:<br />
James Margolis<br />
Environmental Resources Management (ERM)<br />
610-524-3512<br />
james.margolis@erm.com<br />
Jennifer Eastes<br />
Environmental Resources Management (ERM)<br />
303-741-5050<br />
29
Cripple Creek &<br />
Victor Gold Mine<br />
Date: Saturday, February 23<br />
Time: TBD - approx. 10 hr. total trip<br />
Departs: Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
Tickets: $75<br />
Includes: Transportation, Tour and Lunch<br />
Please Note: 30 maximum participants. All participants need to<br />
provide their own PPE.<br />
FIELD TRIPS<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Young Leaders will be hosting a field trip to Cripple<br />
Creek & Victor Gold Mine on Saturday, February 23rd,<br />
2013. Cripple Creek Gold Mine is a modern surface<br />
mining operation owned and operated AngloGold<br />
Ashanti North America, Inc. and is located near Victor,<br />
Colorado. This mine is built upon historic remnants of<br />
both underground and surface mining, dating back to<br />
1890. Current mining operations have been ongoing<br />
since 1994, and are scheduled to continue till 2016.<br />
Young Leaders will be touring and observing this gold<br />
mining operation and welcome others to attend as well.<br />
Henderson Mine<br />
Date: Thursday, February 28<br />
Time: 7:30am – 3:30pm<br />
Departs: Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
Tickets: $75<br />
Includes: Transportation, Tour and Lunch<br />
Please Note: 50 maximum participants. Dress for a winter<br />
mountain climate that is normally 15°F to 20°F cooler than<br />
that of downtown Denver. Comfortable walking shoes/boots,<br />
winter gloves, parka and hats are recommended. Henderson will<br />
provide hard hats.<br />
Climax Molybdenum Co., a subsidiary of Freeport<br />
McMoRan, is the world’s largest primary molybdenum<br />
producer. Climax Molybdenum Co.’s Henderson Operations<br />
are located approximately 50 miles west of Denver, CO. It<br />
is Freeport McMoRan’s only active underground mine.<br />
The Henderson Operation, commissioned in 1976,<br />
operates half a mile under the Continental Divide.<br />
Henderson currently mines 30,000 tons/day of ore in<br />
one of the world’s largest block cave operations. The tour<br />
will begin with an overview of the mining operation and<br />
a safety orientation. Participants will then take the cage<br />
from the surface at 10,200 feet in elevation to the 7,500<br />
level elevation of the mine. The steps involved in pannel<br />
development will be seen including the development<br />
and initial blasting of the cave drawpoints. A variety of<br />
drills are used or blastholes. Active drawpoints will then<br />
be seen and ventiliation will be discussed. Participants<br />
will see the geometry used in pulling the ore with CAT<br />
Elphenstone 1,700 LHD’s.<br />
From the dump chutes ore is transferred to the<br />
underground gyratory primary crusher using Supra 80<br />
ton rigid frame five-axle trucks. These unique units have<br />
two driven axles and four steering axles. Crushed ore<br />
is transported to the mill by three series conveyors that<br />
constitute one of the longest conveyor trains in the world.<br />
PC1 is 1.6km in length from the ore storage pocket to a<br />
point near the old haulage level of the mine. PC2 is 16.8km<br />
in length and is reported to be one of the longest single<br />
flight conveyor in the world. Approximately 14km of this<br />
flight is underground in the existing railroad tunnel. PC3<br />
is 6.4km in length and negotiates several vertical and<br />
horizontal curves in route to the mill stockpile.<br />
The conveyor design incorporated many interesting<br />
features including custom designed idlers and special<br />
optimized belt rubber compounding that resulted in<br />
30% less power draw than was originally designed.<br />
Other design features include variable frequency drives<br />
that allow matching of conveyor speed with tonnage,<br />
belt turnovers to mitigate carry back and winch-assisted<br />
counterweight take-up systems which automatically lock<br />
during emergency stops.Participants will see part of the<br />
underground conveyor system, then will head back to the<br />
surface. The mill is 15 miles from the mine on the opposite<br />
side of the continental divide. The mill will not be included<br />
in the tour. After the tour, a box lunch will be provided, and<br />
all questions will be answered by Henderson personnel.<br />
30
STUDENT ACTIVITIES<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
STUDENT DESIGN<br />
COMPETITION FINALS<br />
7:00am – 2:00pm<br />
Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
Sponsored by:<br />
Hitachi Construction and Mining<br />
STUDENT CHAPTER<br />
REPRESENTATIVE<br />
SUBCOMMITTEE<br />
11:00am – Noon<br />
Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
Hosted by: Colorado School of Mines<br />
Student Chapter officers and members are<br />
invited to attend the subcommittee meeting.<br />
2013 STUDENT FORUM<br />
1:00pm – 3:00pm • Convention Center<br />
Hosted by: Colorado School of Mines<br />
Sponsored by: MWH Global<br />
A continuing tradition for <strong>SME</strong> Student<br />
Members and Professionals. Join us for<br />
Food, Fun, Information and Prizes!<br />
STUDENT MIXER<br />
9:00pm – Midnight<br />
Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
Sponsored by: Newmont Mining Corp.<br />
Registered students are invited to attend<br />
this social featuring music and refreshments.<br />
31
MENTOR PROGRAM<br />
<strong>SME</strong>’S NEW MENTORING PROGRAM<br />
ONLINE & ONSITE AT THE ANNUAL MEETING<br />
ATTENTION PROFESSIONALS AND STUDENTS<br />
<strong>SME</strong> is excited to introduce our new online<br />
mentoring program. Everyone is encouraged to take<br />
advantage of this wonderful opportunity to be a<br />
mentor or mentee. The new online mentor program<br />
will enhance the present on-site mentor program.<br />
The Mentoring <strong>Meeting</strong> Place will still be held on<br />
Sunday from 3:00pm – 5:00pm at the Colorado<br />
Convention during the <strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong><br />
<strong>Meeting</strong>. This meeting time will provide a venue for<br />
Mentors and Mentees to meet in person.<br />
To participate in the <strong>SME</strong> Online Mentor <strong>Program</strong>:<br />
• Go to the <strong>SME</strong> Website (smenet.org) and log in<br />
• Once you have logged onto the <strong>SME</strong> Website click<br />
on the <strong>SME</strong> Community tab located near the top<br />
of the page, which will direct you to your profile.<br />
• If you have not been in the community before you<br />
will be directed to the Terms and Agreements<br />
page where you must accept the terms of use. This<br />
will only appear the first time you enter the community.<br />
Once accepted the system will take you to<br />
your Profile page.<br />
• In the upper right corner of your profile page you<br />
can select the mentee/ mentor tab.<br />
• Click on the link that says mentee/mentor status.<br />
• Click edit status and enter appropriate information,<br />
then click save at the bottom of that page. You<br />
will then see a notification that your enrollment<br />
was saved successfully.<br />
• Next, choose from the left hand menu to find a<br />
mentor or mentee. On the Find page enter the<br />
criteria of the mentor/mentee profile that would<br />
suit you best.<br />
• Selecting which <strong>SME</strong> events you will be attending<br />
such as the <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit will enable<br />
you to be matched with others attending that<br />
meeting.<br />
• At the bottom of that page click find mentors/<br />
mentees.<br />
• When search results appear choose the mentor/<br />
mentee to view their profile. Under their photo<br />
there is a mentor/mentee contact button. Simply<br />
click to send your mentor/mentee request.<br />
• Once the request is sent, it must be accepted for<br />
the connection to be complete. Keep in mind that<br />
the mentor/mentee has the option to decline the<br />
request as well accept it.<br />
• To view the status of your relationships, go to the<br />
Mentoring menu and choose My Mentoring Relationships.<br />
If your request was not accepted within<br />
3-5 days please search again and select another<br />
mentor/mentee from the search results.<br />
IF YOU DO NOT ENROLL IN THE ONLINE PROGRAM AND SELECT THE<br />
APPROPRIATE MEETING YOU WILL NOT BE MATCHED IN ADVANCED OR ONSITE!<br />
YOU CAN ENROLL ONSITE USING YOUR PERSONAL COMPUTER BUT YOU WILL BE<br />
RESPONSIBLE FOR ARRANGING A MEETING WITH THE MENTOR/MENTEE!<br />
For more information or to apply for the 2013 <strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> Mentor <strong>Program</strong> you can contact:<br />
Mona Vandervoort, <strong>SME</strong> Education Coordinator<br />
1-800-763-3132, ext. 227. 303-948-4227 • Fax: 303-948-4265. Vandervoort@smenet.org<br />
32
YOUNG LEADERS<br />
YOUNG LEADER FIELD TRIP<br />
Cripple Creek and Victor Gold Mine<br />
Saturday, February 23<br />
For more information, see page 30<br />
See registration form to order tickets<br />
YOUNG LEADERS<br />
COMMITTEE MEETING<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
YOUNG LEADER<br />
MENTORING SESSION<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
Speaker: Bruce Watzman, VP, National Mining Association<br />
Ticketed Event. Only 12 spots available.<br />
You must be 35 or younger. See registration form.<br />
YOUNG LEADER SESSION<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
Chair: Joshua Chlopek,<br />
Staff Engineer, MEPCO, LLC<br />
Session abstract:<br />
The Young Professional-Student Engineer has or will encounter<br />
numerous issues making the transition from being a student to<br />
a professional. These issues and how they are dealt with will<br />
serve as a cornerstone to their development. The main issues<br />
that are encountered: cross application of geological principles<br />
to a mining operation, dealing with the generation gap and<br />
the current workplace establishment, the outgoing legacy of<br />
knowledge, and how a how a young engineer may rise from a<br />
student to a professional. This is challenging time for most in<br />
the mining industry especially the young professional-student<br />
engineer, but it is a great opportunity to those who can understand<br />
the upcoming difficulties and embody its solutions.<br />
YOUNG LEADERS<br />
RISING PROFESSIONALS<br />
RECEPTION<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
7pm - 9pm • Ticketed Event<br />
Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Young Leaders will be hosting,“Rising Professionals<br />
Reception” to gather young industry professionals together<br />
to enjoy each other’s company and get caught up<br />
on each other’s career development.<br />
33
EDUCATION SUSTAINABILITY TASK FORCE<br />
GRADUATE STUDENT POSTER CONTEST<br />
Co-Chaired by Task Force Members<br />
Mary Poulton, University of Arizona and<br />
Rick Sweigard, University of Kentucky<br />
Sponsored by: Alpha Natural Resources<br />
FOR: Graduate Students from all <strong>SME</strong> Disciplines.<br />
LOCATION: <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> – Exhibit Hall<br />
TOPIC: Open Topic reflecting the graduate’s thesis. The topic should highlight the graduate’s research.<br />
ABSTRACT: The abstract should be 250 words and is due by December 1, 2012. It should describe<br />
what the graduate student intends to display on the poster.<br />
CRITERION:<br />
The entries will be judged on:<br />
1. Technical competence<br />
2. Thoroughness of approach<br />
3. Quality of the presentation<br />
Abstracts should be e-mailed to Dr. Rick Sweigard at rsweigard@engr.uky.edu. They should include<br />
all author names, complete contact information, the school they attend, title, an abstract of no more<br />
than 250 words, the faculty advisor, and the authors’ disciplines. Information must be sent no later than<br />
December 1, 2012.<br />
Authors will be notified of acceptance by December 15, 2012). Those accepted will be sent Poster<br />
Guidelines and should plan on presenting their posters during the <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>, February<br />
24-27, 2013 in Denver, Colorado For additional information; please contact Mona Vandervoort at<br />
vandervoort@smenet.org.<br />
The Educational Sustainability Task Force is organizing the Third <strong>Annual</strong> Graduate Student Poster<br />
Contest to be held at the 2013 <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>. The Task Force believes that the greatest obstacle<br />
facing educational sustainability in the mineral industries is the pending shortage of qualified faculty<br />
members. The purpose of the Graduate Student Poster Contest is to recognize excellence in research by<br />
<strong>SME</strong> graduate student members and to encourage them to continue their pursuit of excellence through<br />
an academic career. The contest will provide an opportunity for the graduate students to showcase<br />
their work in a visible setting and to compete for cash prizes based on the quality of their posters as<br />
determined by a team of judges. It is hoped that this will be the first of many initiatives by the Task<br />
Force aimed at bolstering graduate student education and increasing the number of faculty members.<br />
The Graduate Student Poster Contest will be open to any <strong>SME</strong> student member who is currently<br />
enrolled in a minerals-related graduate program. The posters will be on display in a designated area<br />
in the vicinity of the Exhibit Hall for the duration of the exhibit. The contestants will be required to<br />
be present at a pre-determined time to discuss their research with interested attendees and to answer<br />
questions posed by the judges. The judging team will consist of five members of the Task Force and<br />
prizes will be awarded to the top three places as follows: 1st place - $1000, 2nd place - $650, and 3rd<br />
place - $350.<br />
34
EDUCATION AGENDA<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
Mineral Schools Department Heads <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
9:30am – Noon • Hyatt Regency Convention Center Hotel<br />
2013 Educators’ Forum<br />
“What I wish I had known five years ago when I graduated with my B.S. in Engineering!”<br />
3pm – 5pm • Colorado Convention Center<br />
This year’s Educators’ Forum will focus on<br />
early career experiences of recent graduates<br />
from mining and geological engineering degree<br />
programs. We will gather to hear these Young<br />
Leaders of <strong>SME</strong> reflect upon their undergraduate<br />
educational experiences compared with the<br />
educational and experience needs during their<br />
first few years in the world of work. Each<br />
presenter will be asked to give a short summary<br />
of the strengths and weaknesses of his/her<br />
Bachelor’s Degree educational experiences vs.<br />
what the Young Member’s professional position<br />
required in the work place as a new employee<br />
as well as what is/was needed to advance in<br />
the position. It is anticipated that these Young<br />
Leader professionals will provide valuable<br />
feedback not only to educators as they strive to<br />
improve their degree program offerings, but also<br />
that this feedback will be valuable to employers<br />
as they strive to fill positions with new graduates,<br />
seek to retain highly qualified new engineering<br />
employees, and as these employers seek to refine<br />
their expectations of new, recently graduated<br />
engineers that they hire.<br />
Monday, February 25, 2013<br />
Creating a Successful Research Proposal<br />
Co-Chaired by Rick Sweigard, University of Colorado,<br />
Jurgen Brune, Colorado School of Mines and<br />
Lee Saperstein, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Retired<br />
Education Sustainability Task Force and Research Committee<br />
Young faculty members and graduate students<br />
who intend to become faculty members may<br />
benefit from mentoring in the development<br />
of research and instructional development<br />
proposals. Success in proposal writing brings<br />
independent funding, support for graduate<br />
students, and attendant professional growth.<br />
<strong>SME</strong>’s Educational Sustainability Task Force<br />
in concert with its Research Committee have<br />
assembled a panel of successful researchers to<br />
talk about their successes and failures, to help<br />
attendees to identify funding sources, to help<br />
them to organize responses to RFPs (requests<br />
for proposals), to help them write unsolicited<br />
proposals, and to hold an informal colloquium<br />
with attendees in support of their research<br />
efforts. This session is directed toward new<br />
faculty members – new implies new to the job<br />
not an age – and those, such as graduate students,<br />
who would be faculty members. All interested in<br />
education, however, are welcome to attend.<br />
35
<strong>SME</strong> Foundation<br />
Silent Auctions<br />
Mardi Gras Themed Gala and Casino Night!<br />
In addition to the 3-day Silent Auction on the exhibit floor, the<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Foundation will feature a special Silent Auction during our<br />
Mardi Gras themed Gala at the <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> in Denver,<br />
February 24, 2013.<br />
Help us kick off the most successful auction ever by donating unique<br />
and distinctive items. All proceeds benefit the <strong>SME</strong> Foundation <strong>Program</strong>s.<br />
Best Sellers Include:<br />
Scale Models of Mining Equipment<br />
Jewelry • Rock and Mineral Samples • Sports Memorabilia<br />
Maps • Charts • Engineering Diagrams<br />
Historic Mining Company Stock Certificates<br />
Works of Art • Electronics • Framed Paintings • Sculptures<br />
To donate items or for any questions or comments please contact AnnMarie at:<br />
303-948-4239 • estrada@smenet.org • www.smenet.org/foundation
ALUMNI & SPECIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
ALUMNI FUNCTIONS – Tuesday, February 26, 2013<br />
*Held at the Hyatt Regency unless otherwise noted<br />
University of Arizona Reception<br />
Dept. of Mining & Geological Engineering<br />
5:30pm – 7:30pm<br />
Contact: Patricia Bosco<br />
520-621-5292 • pbosco@u.arizona.edu<br />
Colorado School of Mines<br />
*Held at the Denver Press Club<br />
5pm – 7pm<br />
Contact: Shannon Mann<br />
303-273-3701 • smann@mines.edu<br />
Columbia University Henry Krumb School of<br />
Mines Earth & Environmental Engineering<br />
6pm – 7:30pm<br />
Contact: Peter Rennee<br />
212-854-7081 • dd0264@columbia.edu<br />
University of Kentucky<br />
Dept. of Mining Engineering<br />
5pm – 7pm<br />
Contact: Christie Oliver<br />
859-257-8026 • coliver@engr.uky.edu<br />
Michigan Tech University Dept. of Geological<br />
& Mining Engineering Sciences<br />
6pm – 8pm<br />
Contact: Amie Ledgerwood<br />
906-487-2531 • asledger@mtu.edu<br />
Friends of Minnesota Reception<br />
5:30pm – 7:30pm<br />
Contact: Harvey Thorleifson<br />
612-627-4780 • thorleif@umn.edu<br />
Missouri University of Science & Technology<br />
Alumni Reception<br />
5:30pm – 7:30pm<br />
573-341-4897 • laymank@mst.edu<br />
Montana Tech Alumni Reception<br />
6pm – 8pm<br />
Contact: Peggy McCoy<br />
406-496-4434 • pmccoy@mtech.edu<br />
University of Nevada - Reno Mackay School of<br />
Earth Sciences & Engineering Reception<br />
6pm – 8pm<br />
Contact: Lorene Addison<br />
775-682-8786 • laddison@unr.edu<br />
Penn State Alumni & Friends Reception<br />
5:30pm – 7:30pm<br />
Contact: Rachel Altemus<br />
814-865-3439 • rla7@psu.edu<br />
South Dakota School of Mines & Technology<br />
Alumni Reception<br />
5pm – 8pm<br />
Contact: Tim Vottero<br />
605-394-2347 • tim.vottero@sdsmt.edu<br />
University of Utah College of Mines<br />
& Earth Sciences<br />
5pm – 7pm<br />
Contact: Pam Hofmann<br />
801-585-5176 • pam.hofmann@utah.edu<br />
Virginia Tech Mining & Minerals Engineering<br />
Alumni Reception<br />
5pm – 7pm<br />
Contact: Kathryn A. Dew<br />
540-231-7055 • dewk@holdendomain.com<br />
West Virginia University<br />
5:30pm – 7:30pm<br />
Contact: Royce J. Watts<br />
304-293-5695 ext. 2102 • royce.watts@mail.wvu.edu<br />
MMSA 2013 <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
4pm – 6pm<br />
Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
MMSA 2013 <strong>Annual</strong> Banquet<br />
Monday, February 25, 2013<br />
7pm – 10:30pm<br />
University Club<br />
For further information and tickets contact:<br />
MMSA • 303-444-6032 • contactmmsa@mmsa.net<br />
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
U.S. Bureau of Mines National Reunion<br />
at the 2013 <strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
Monday, February 25, 2013<br />
7pm – 9pm<br />
Wynkoop Brewing Company • 1634 18th Street<br />
All friends and former employees of the U.S. Bureau of<br />
Mines are invited. You must check in at the host stand<br />
upon arrival to be directed to the meeting location. No<br />
RSVPs required. Pay-your-own-way. You do not have to be<br />
registered at the <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> to attend this event!<br />
For more info contact DanielWitkowsky@aol.com<br />
37
NEW & ENCORE ACTIVITIES FOR 2013<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Educational<br />
Sustainability Graduate<br />
Student Poster Contest<br />
Sponsored by: Alpha Natural Resources<br />
Date: February 24 - 27<br />
Time: During Exhibit Hours<br />
Place: Colorado Convention Center<br />
Exhibit Hall<br />
The purpose of the Graduate Student Poster<br />
Contest is to recognize excellence in research<br />
by <strong>SME</strong> graduate student members and to<br />
encourage them to continue their pursuit of<br />
excellence through an academic career. The<br />
contest will provide an opportunity for the<br />
graduate students to showcase their work in<br />
a very visible setting and to compete for cash<br />
prizes based on the quality of their posters and<br />
determined by a team of judges.<br />
The Graduate Student Poster Contest is open<br />
to any <strong>SME</strong> member who is currently enrolled<br />
in a graduate program at one of the mineralrelated<br />
schools. The posters will be on display<br />
in a designated area in the Exhibit Hall for the<br />
duration of the exhibit. The contestants will be<br />
required to be present at a pre-determined time<br />
to discuss their research with interested attendees<br />
and to answer questions posed by the judges.<br />
Spouse/Guest Meet & Greet<br />
Brunch<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 11am – 1pm<br />
Place: Hyatt Regency Hotel<br />
If you are registered in the Spouse/Guest<br />
category, please plan on attending this exciting<br />
encore event specifically planned for you. Meet<br />
special guests of honor Dixie Meyer and Robert<br />
Kogel as well as the spouses and guests of<br />
meeting attendees while enjoying a light brunch.<br />
Plan on attending and meeting new friends.<br />
New Member Orientation &<br />
Reception<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 5pm – 6:30pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention Center<br />
Members who joined <strong>SME</strong> in 2012 or 2013,<br />
please plan on attending this reception to<br />
learn about the benefits of membership while<br />
networking with your peers. This is a great<br />
opportunity to gather information and maximize<br />
your <strong>SME</strong> membership experience while meeting<br />
many of the wonderful people in the industry.<br />
WAAIME Members and<br />
Scholarship Recipients<br />
Reception (Invitation Only)<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 5pm – 6:30pm<br />
Place: Hyatt Regency Hotel<br />
WAAIME members and scholarship recipients<br />
will be invited to attend this formal mixer.<br />
Young Leaders/Rising<br />
Professionals Social<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 7pm – 9pm: Rising Professionals Social (Ticketed)<br />
Place: Hyatt Regency Hotel<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Young Leaders will be hosting a reception<br />
to gather young industry professionals together<br />
to enjoy each others company and meet new<br />
people.<br />
38
THINGS TO DO IN DENVER<br />
Denver Restaurant Week<br />
February 23 - March 8, 2013<br />
Experience Denver’s best restaurants at substantial<br />
savings. Dinner for two for just $52.80 at participating<br />
restaurants.<br />
www.visitdenver.org<br />
The Denver Zoo<br />
2300 Steele Street<br />
(on 23rd between Colorado and York)<br />
Phone: 303-376-4800<br />
www.denverzoo.org<br />
Downtown Aquarium<br />
700 Water Street<br />
Phone: 303-561-4450<br />
www.oceanjourney.org<br />
Larimer Square<br />
A restored section of Denver’s oldest street, this block<br />
of victorian buildings house restaurants, shops and<br />
clubs.<br />
14th - 15th on Larimer<br />
Phone: 303-534-2367<br />
Denver Art Museum<br />
100 W. 14th Avenue Parkway<br />
Phone: 720-865-5000<br />
www.denverartmuseum.org<br />
Denver Museum<br />
of Nature and Science<br />
2100 Colorado Boulevard<br />
Phone: 303-322-7009<br />
www.dmns.org<br />
16th Street Mall<br />
Enjoy Denver’s pedestrian mall and Denver Pavilions<br />
between Market and Broadway Streets - only a few<br />
blocks from the Convention Center.<br />
(A free shuttle is available for<br />
transportation up and down the<br />
16th Street Mall)<br />
Please visit the <strong>SME</strong> website at www.smenet.org<br />
for more things to see<br />
and do in Denver.<br />
39
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
& DIVISION HIGHLIGHTS<br />
<strong>SME</strong> / AIME Dinner<br />
Date: Wednesday, February 27<br />
Time:<br />
Place:<br />
6pm – Cash Bar Reception<br />
7pm – Dinner<br />
Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
Tickets: $80<br />
$800 – Table of Ten<br />
President’s Citation:<br />
Local Section Recognition<br />
Richard Katz, Alabama Section<br />
Outstanding Student Chapter<br />
University of Kentucky<br />
Henry Krumb Lecturers<br />
Dragan Bogunovic<br />
Robert Dunne<br />
Vishal Gupta<br />
James J. Gusek<br />
R. Larry Grayson<br />
Rick Honaker<br />
Yi Luo<br />
Hamid Maleki<br />
Lucas Moore<br />
Past President’s Plaque<br />
Drew A. Meyer<br />
The 2013 <strong>SME</strong> Dinner program is conducted by<br />
2012 <strong>SME</strong> President, Drew A. Meyer<br />
The following awards are<br />
presented or recognized:<br />
Distinguished Members<br />
Kadri Dagdelen<br />
Raymond W. Henn<br />
Tim O’Neil<br />
Harry M. Parker<br />
Robert M. Dreyer Award<br />
Daniel Wood<br />
MEC Partnership Appreciation Award<br />
Mining Foundation of the Southwest<br />
MEC Student Chapter Award<br />
University of Kentucky<br />
MEC Visionary Award<br />
Richard Beach<br />
Ivan B. Rahn Education Award<br />
Rick Sweigard<br />
Syd S. Peng<br />
Ground Control in Mining Award<br />
Bruce Hebblewhite<br />
President’s Citation: Individual<br />
Gary Skaggs<br />
Richard Whiting<br />
Red Conger<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/AIME Awards:<br />
AIME Honorary Member<br />
Nikhil C. Trivedi<br />
Frank F. Aplan Award<br />
James Douglas Gold Medal<br />
Patrick R. Taylor<br />
Hal Williams Hardinge Award<br />
Sarkis Ampian<br />
Mineral Economics Award<br />
Roussos Dimitrakopoulos<br />
Robert Earll McConnell Award<br />
Larry Watters<br />
Erskine Ramsay Medal<br />
Michael Karmis<br />
Charles F. Rand Gold Medal<br />
Arthur A. Schweizer<br />
Rossiter W. Raymond Award<br />
Timothy W. Beck<br />
Robert H. Richards Award<br />
Nick Hazen<br />
William L. Saunders Gold Medal<br />
Ronald W. Thiessen<br />
40
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
& DIVISION HIGHLIGHTS<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Highlights<br />
Exhibit Hall Grand<br />
Opening Reception<br />
Date: Sunday, February 24<br />
Time: 4pm - 6pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Foundation Dinner and<br />
Mardi Gras/Casino Night<br />
Date: Sunday, February 24<br />
Time: 6:30pm – 7pm: Cocktails<br />
7pm – Midnight: Dinner,<br />
Awards, Dancing<br />
Place: Hyatt Regency Hotel<br />
Tickets: $95, Table of 8: $2,500<br />
Student Mixer<br />
Sponsored by:<br />
Newmont Mining Corporation<br />
Date: Sunday, February 24<br />
Time: 9pm<br />
Place: Hyatt Regency Hotel<br />
Complimentary for registered<br />
students and their guest only.<br />
4th <strong>Annual</strong> Spouse/<br />
Guest Brunch<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 11am – 1pm<br />
Place: Hyatt Regency Hotel<br />
Wives, husbands and significant<br />
others of <strong>SME</strong> members please mark<br />
your calendar for a light brunch on<br />
Monday! It’s the perfect time for<br />
spouses to relax, connect and meet<br />
other spouses of <strong>SME</strong> members<br />
while your “significant others” are<br />
attending other functions. You will<br />
meet special “Guests of Honor,”<br />
Dixie Meyer, wife of current <strong>SME</strong><br />
President, Drew Meyer and Robert<br />
Kogel, husband of incoming <strong>SME</strong><br />
President, Jessica Kogel. This event is<br />
open to any spouse/guest of an <strong>SME</strong><br />
member who pays the $120 spouse/<br />
guest fee. Please RSVP to this event<br />
on your registration form.<br />
Exhibit Hall Luncheon<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 11:30am – 1pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
New Member Orientation<br />
& Reception<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 5pm – 6:30pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
People who joined <strong>SME</strong> in 2012 and<br />
2013 are invited to this information<br />
and networking reception.<br />
Women of <strong>SME</strong> Breakfast<br />
and Panel Discussion<br />
Date: Tuesday, February 26<br />
Time: 7:30am<br />
Place: Hyatt Regency Hotel<br />
Tickets: $35<br />
Panel Discussion:<br />
“Women in Mining:<br />
Climbing the Corporate<br />
Ladder”<br />
Exhibit Hall Afternoon Social<br />
Date: Tuesday, February 26<br />
Time: 3:30pm - 5:30pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center - Exhibit Hall<br />
Barrick North America<br />
Plant Operators Session<br />
Date: Tuesday, February 26<br />
Time: 4pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Speaker:<br />
Michael Rayburn<br />
“What If ?”<br />
Exhibit Hall<br />
Continental Breakfast<br />
Date: Wednesday, February 27<br />
Time: 8am - 9:30am<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center - Exhibit Hall<br />
Industrial Minerals<br />
& Aggregates<br />
Division Highlights<br />
Industrial Minerals & Aggregates<br />
Division serves to further the<br />
arts and science in exploration,<br />
production, and use of nonmetallics.<br />
Industrial Minerals &<br />
Aggregates Division<br />
Luncheon & Silent Auction<br />
Date: Tuesday, February 26<br />
Time: Noon<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Tickets: $45<br />
Speaker:<br />
David Hanson<br />
President<br />
Chieftan Sand & Proppant, LLC<br />
The following awards are<br />
presented or recognized:<br />
Distinguished Service Award<br />
Robert Pruett<br />
Young Scientist Award<br />
Vishal Gupta<br />
Hal Williams Hardinge Award<br />
Sarkis Ampian<br />
Robert W. Piekarz Award<br />
Michael D. Sheahan<br />
Candace Trimble<br />
Industrial Minerals & Aggregates<br />
Division Chair Award<br />
Mark J. Zdunczyk<br />
41
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
& DIVISION HIGHLIGHTS<br />
Coal & Energy<br />
Division Highlights<br />
The Coal & Energy Divison<br />
encompasses technologies in coal<br />
exploration, mining, preparation<br />
and utilization.<br />
Coal & Energy Division<br />
Luncheon & Silent Auction<br />
Sponsored by: Preptech, Inc.<br />
Date: Tuesday, February 26<br />
Time: Noon<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Tickets: $45<br />
The following awards are<br />
presented or recognized:<br />
Distinguished Service Award<br />
Jürgen Brune<br />
Howard N. Eavenson Awar<br />
Pramod Thakur<br />
Erskine Ramsay Medal<br />
Michael Karmis<br />
Rock Mechanics Award<br />
Mark Board<br />
Stefanko Best Paper Award<br />
Andrew Cecala<br />
James Noll<br />
John Organiscak<br />
J.W. Woomer Award<br />
Kramer Luxbacher<br />
Coal & Energy Division Chair Award<br />
Joseph C. Zelanko<br />
Environmental<br />
Division Highlights<br />
The Environmental Division<br />
provides a means for cooperation and<br />
communication among professionals<br />
in the minerals industry engaged<br />
in any aspect of the physical<br />
environment and its condition.<br />
Environmental Division<br />
Silent Auction<br />
Date: Tuesday, February 26<br />
Time: 11am – 4pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Environmental Division<br />
Luncheon<br />
Sponsored by: CH2M Hill<br />
Date: Tuesday, February 26<br />
Time: Noon<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Tickets: $45<br />
Speaker:<br />
Raymond Lazuk<br />
Environmental Manager, Climax<br />
Molybdenum Company<br />
“Environmental/Regulatory Aspects<br />
of the Climax Mine Restart”<br />
The following awards are<br />
presented or recognized:<br />
Distinguished Service Award<br />
Robert W. Reisinger<br />
Environmental Division Chair Award<br />
Patrick Williamson<br />
Mineral &<br />
Metallurgical<br />
Processing Division<br />
Highlights<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing<br />
Division was established for the<br />
advancement of metallurgical and<br />
mineral technology as applied to the<br />
mining industry.<br />
Gaudin Lecture<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 2:00pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Award Recipient/Lecturer:<br />
Graeme J. Jameson<br />
“Adventures in Flotation”<br />
Richards Lecture<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 2:00pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Award Recipient/Lecturer:<br />
Nick Hazen<br />
42<br />
Wadsworth Lecture<br />
Date: Monday, February 25<br />
Time: 2:00pm<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Award Recipient/Lecturer:<br />
Jan D. Miller<br />
“X-ray Tomography for the 3D<br />
Analysis of Hydrometallurgical<br />
Systems”<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical<br />
Processing Division Luncheon<br />
Date: Wednesday, February 27<br />
Time: Noon<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Tickets: $45<br />
The following awards are<br />
presented or recognized:<br />
Outstanding Young Engineer Award<br />
(in memory of Subhash Chander)<br />
Lisa Schlink<br />
Antoine M. Gaudin Award<br />
Graeme J. Jameson<br />
Robert H. Richards Award<br />
Nick Hazen<br />
Arthur F. Taggart Award<br />
Glenn Hoffman<br />
S. Jayson Ripke<br />
Milton E. Wadsworth Award<br />
Jan D. Miller<br />
Millman Award<br />
S. Jayson Ripke<br />
MPD Scotch Nightcap<br />
Social Function -<br />
Scholarship Fundraiser<br />
Sponsored by: ASD Inc. &<br />
Weir Minerals<br />
100% of the proceeds from this<br />
event go to the MPD Scholarship<br />
Fund for those college students<br />
who want to make a career in the<br />
mining industry. The event will<br />
feature hors d’oeuvres, live music,<br />
and cocktails. Each attendee<br />
receives two complimentary drink<br />
tickets to redeem during the event.<br />
Date: Tuesday, February 26<br />
Time: 8pm – 11pm<br />
Place: Hyatt Regency Hotel<br />
Tickets: $50
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
& DIVISION HIGHLIGHTS<br />
Mining & Exploration<br />
Division Highlights<br />
Mining & Exploration Division<br />
specializes in exploration,<br />
production, research, and specialized<br />
aspects of metal mining.<br />
Mining & Exploration Division<br />
Luncheon & Silent Auction<br />
Sponsored by:<br />
Hitachi Construction & Mining<br />
Date: Wednesday, February 27<br />
Time: Noon<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Tickets: $45<br />
The following awards are<br />
presented or recognized:<br />
Ben F. Dickerson, III Award<br />
Thomas C. Patton<br />
Distinguished Service Award<br />
William A. Warfield<br />
Daniel C. Jackling Award<br />
Edward C. Dowling<br />
Miner of the Year Award<br />
Cherie M. Tilley<br />
Outstanding Young Professional Award<br />
Elaina Ware<br />
Robert Peele Memorial Award<br />
Ananta Lakshmi Yennamani<br />
<strong>Program</strong> Area Manager Awards<br />
Brad Atkinson<br />
Thomas Camm<br />
Leslie Gertsch<br />
Jamal Rostami<br />
William L. Saunders Gold Medal<br />
Ronald W. Thiessen<br />
M&E Division Chair Award<br />
Steven C. Holmes<br />
Jackling Lecture<br />
(Held in conjunction with the M&E Luncheon)<br />
Date: Wednesday, February 27<br />
Time: 1:30pm<br />
Award Recipient/Lecturer:<br />
Edward C. Dowling<br />
“After a Few Good Years, What<br />
Does Mining Look Like Going<br />
Forward?”<br />
CMA Highlights<br />
CMA Environmental<br />
Stewardship Awards Banquet<br />
Date: Tuesday, February 26<br />
Time: 6pm – 9pm<br />
Place: Hyatt Regency<br />
Convention Center<br />
Centennial Ballroom<br />
Tickets: $95<br />
CMA/Colorado Division of<br />
Reclamation, Mining & Safety<br />
Luncheon and Colorado<br />
Mined Land Board Awards<br />
Date: Wednesday, February 27<br />
Time: Noon<br />
Place: Colorado Convention<br />
Center<br />
Four Seasons Ballroom<br />
Tickets: $50<br />
43
2013 <strong>SME</strong> PROGRAM COMMITTEE<br />
2013 <strong>Program</strong> Commitee Chair:<br />
James Humphrey<br />
Caterpillar Inc.<br />
Coal & Energy<br />
Division:<br />
Thomas Novak<br />
University of<br />
Kentucky<br />
Environmental<br />
Division:<br />
Alicia Duex<br />
Rio Tinto<br />
Industrial Minerals<br />
& Aggregates<br />
Division:<br />
Candace<br />
Trimble<br />
Oil-Dri Corporation<br />
of America<br />
Industrial Minerals<br />
& Aggregates<br />
Division:<br />
Michael<br />
Sheahan<br />
Front Range<br />
Aggregates<br />
Mining &<br />
Exploration<br />
Division:<br />
Catherine<br />
Dreesbach<br />
Micon International<br />
Ltd<br />
Mineral &<br />
Metallurgical<br />
Processing<br />
Division:<br />
Corby<br />
Anderson<br />
Colorado School of<br />
Mines<br />
Underground<br />
Construction<br />
Association of <strong>SME</strong>:<br />
Ray Henn<br />
Brierley Associates<br />
LLC<br />
Underground<br />
Construction<br />
Association of <strong>SME</strong>:<br />
Robert Stier<br />
Kiewit<br />
Infrastructure Co.<br />
44
Monday, February 25 – Morning<br />
Keynote Session<br />
Mining: It’s About the People<br />
Monday, February 25 - Afternoon<br />
• Coal & Energy: Carbon Management I<br />
• Coal & Energy: Underground I<br />
• Coal & Energy: Ventilation I<br />
• Environmental: Environmental Topics<br />
• Environmental: Uranium<br />
• Industrial Minerals & Aggregates: Aggregates:<br />
Aggregates and Silica Sand Supply<br />
• Industrial Minerals & Aggregates: Industrial<br />
Minerals: End Uses of Industrial Minerals<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Geology: Exploration<br />
Health and Safety<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Geology: Geomechanics<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing: Plenary<br />
Session<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Hot Topics: Are<br />
American Mining Colleges Sustainable?<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Operations: Ventilation I:<br />
Planning and Case Studies<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: Technology<br />
Innovations in Open Pit Mining Production<br />
Systems<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: Technology<br />
Innovations in Open Pit Mining Production<br />
Systems<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: Technology<br />
Innovations in Underground Mining<br />
Production Systems<br />
• Research: Advances in Geometallurgy<br />
• Sustainability<br />
• Young Leaders Session<br />
SESSIONS AT A GLANCE<br />
• Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium Keynote Session and Reception<br />
Tuesday, February 26 - Morning<br />
• Coal & Energy: Carbon Management II<br />
• Coal & Energy: Mine Environmental Issues<br />
• Coal & Energy: Underground II<br />
• Coal & Energy: Ventilation II<br />
• Environmental: Process Solution and Drainage<br />
Management for the Metal Mining Sector<br />
• Environmental: Water Treatment for Processing<br />
and Discharge<br />
• Industrial Minerals and Aggregates: Industrial<br />
Minerals Research at Universities<br />
• Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium: Innovations in Comminution<br />
• Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium: Innovations in Smelting<br />
• International<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Geology: Entering the<br />
Realm of the Rare Earths<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Implementing Success:<br />
Global Mining Standards and Guidelines for<br />
Operational Excellence<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Management: Project<br />
Cost Estimates and Economic Analysis<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Operations: When<br />
Optimization, Planning & Reality Collide in<br />
Surface Mining Operations<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: How<br />
Software Technology Makes My Job Easier –<br />
Session I<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: Imaging<br />
Technology in Mining<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: Next<br />
Generation Safety: Research and Technology<br />
Focused on Developing Functional Safety<br />
Cultures in Industry<br />
• Minerals & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Comminution I<br />
• Minerals & Metallurgical Processing: Flotation I<br />
• Minerals & Metallurgical Processing: Plant<br />
Design and Optimization I<br />
• Minerals & Metallurgical Processing: Research<br />
and Characterization<br />
• Underground Construction Association of <strong>SME</strong><br />
• <strong>SME</strong> Research Committee: <strong>SME</strong> Exhibitors:<br />
Focus on Innovation I<br />
• Valuation I: Lessons Learned<br />
Tuesday, February 26 – Afternoon<br />
• Coal & Energy: Health and Safety Management<br />
Systems<br />
• Coal & Energy: Research and Development<br />
• Coal & Energy: Ventilation III<br />
• Environmental: Geological Influences on Acid<br />
Mine Drainage<br />
• Environmental: Mine Water Treatment I<br />
45
SESSIONS AT A GLANCE<br />
• Industrial Minerals & Aggregates: Industrial<br />
Minerals Research at Universities<br />
• Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium: Separations Innovation I<br />
• Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium: Hydrometallurgy Innovations I<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Geology: Strategic<br />
Minerals – Treasures of the Lithosphere<br />
• Mining & Exploration: GPAC: Stake Your<br />
Claim on the Next Four Years: A New<br />
Administration and Its Impact on the Mining<br />
Industry<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Management: Mine<br />
Management<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Operations: Operational<br />
Safety and Risk Management in Mining<br />
Operations<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: How<br />
Software Technology Makes My Job Easier –<br />
Session II<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: Mine<br />
Planning and Optimization<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Comminution II<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing: Flotation II<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing: Plant<br />
Design: Plant Design and Optimization II<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing: Problematic<br />
Non-sulfide Gangue Minerals and Their<br />
Detrimental Effects in Flotation Performance<br />
• <strong>SME</strong> Research Committee: <strong>SME</strong> Exhibitors:<br />
Focus on Innovation II<br />
• Valuation II: Case Histories<br />
• Environmental: Waste Management<br />
• Barrick North America’s Operators Session<br />
Wednesday, February 27 – Morning<br />
• Coal & Energy: Dust Control<br />
• Coal & Energy: Surface Mining I<br />
• Coal & Energy: The Best of Ground Control<br />
• Environmental: Mine Water Treatment II<br />
• Environmental: Resource Recovery<br />
• Industrial Minerals & Aggregates: Sustainability<br />
in Industrial Minerals & Aggregates<br />
• Industrial Minerals & Aggregates: Industrial<br />
Minerals: Innovations in Industrial Minerals<br />
Processing<br />
• Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium: Separations Innovation II<br />
• Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium: Hydrometallurgy Innovations II<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Geology: Rare Earths,<br />
Thorium, and Potash: America’s Future<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Management: Managing<br />
a Culture of Safety<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Operations: My First<br />
Five Years in Operations<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Operations: Strategic<br />
Mine Planning<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: Ventilation<br />
II: Ventilation Modeling and Monitoring<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: Widgets,<br />
Wands and Whatchamacallits: New<br />
Technology for the Mining Industry and What<br />
it Does<br />
• Minerals & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Hydrometallurgy<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing: Modeling<br />
and Simulation I<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing: Phase<br />
Separations<br />
Wednesday, February 27 – Afternoon<br />
• Coal & Energy: Coal Preparation<br />
• Coal & Energy: Refuge Alternatives<br />
• Coal & Energy: Surface Mining II<br />
• Environmental: Mine Remediation<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Geology: Water<br />
Management in Exploration, Mining, and<br />
Milling Systems<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Management:<br />
Construction/Startup Project Management<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Operations: Discovery<br />
and Innovation in Underground Mining<br />
• Mining & Exploration: Technology: Technology<br />
Applications for Safety in Mining and Mining<br />
Equipment<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing: Flotation III<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing: Modeling<br />
and Simulation II<br />
• Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Pyrometallurgy<br />
46
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SubjecT To change.<br />
Please see the onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
aFternoon<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Accelerated Carbonation of Silicate Minerals for Safe and<br />
Permanent Storage of Anthropogenic CO2<br />
dreyer Lecture<br />
1:30 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
Daniel Wood<br />
Adjunct Professor, University of Queensland<br />
coal & energy:<br />
carbon Management I<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
chairs: M. Mohanty, Southern Illinois Univ. Carbondale,<br />
Carbondale, IL<br />
T. Yegulalp, Columbia University, New York, NY<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
CO2 Separations Using Room Temperature Ionic<br />
Liquid Membranes<br />
R. Noble; University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO<br />
Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs) are solvents consisting entirely of<br />
ions resembling the ionic melts of metallic salts; however, RTILs are liquids at<br />
much lower temperatures. RTILs have high thermal stability, high ionic conductivity,<br />
negligible vapor pressure and are non-flammable. This presentation provides<br />
an overview of our recent efforts and research directions in the design and<br />
synthesis of several new types of functionalized, imidazolium-based RTILs,<br />
poly(RTIL)s, and RTIL-based composite materials for use in the area of targeted<br />
gas separations. Polymeric versions of ILs have been synthesized and used as<br />
membranes for gas separations. In addition to a physical solvent, RTILs might<br />
also be incorporated into RTIL polymers or in supported ionic liquid membranes<br />
(SILMs) as the selective component. For example, the addition of 20%<br />
RTIL into an RTIL polymer increases the permeability ten fold (100 vs. 10 barrer)<br />
while maintaining selectivity. Gelled versions exhibit large permeabilities (~<br />
1000 barrers) as well as CO2/N2 selectivities (~ 30) that outperform many polymer<br />
membranes in that application.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Solid Sorbents as a Retrofit CO2 Capture Technology:<br />
Sorbent Selection and 1 MW Pilot Design<br />
H. Krutka; ADA Environmental Solutions, Highlands Ranch, CO<br />
Post-combustion CO2 capture (PCCC) is one of only a few viable means to reduce<br />
CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants. While there are currently no<br />
commercial installations for this application, aqueous amines are considered the<br />
most advanced technologies (PCCC). However, there are both economic and environmental<br />
concerns related to the use of aqueous amines. Therefore, ADA<br />
Environmental Solutions (ADA) is in the process of developing a dry sorbent<br />
based CO2 capture technology. Results from sorbent evaluation as well as a description<br />
of the 1 MWe pilot currently under construction will be discussed. This<br />
project is funded in part by the DOE National Energy Technology Laboratorys<br />
Innovations for Existing Plants (IEP) <strong>Program</strong>.<br />
A. Park; Columbia University, New York, NY<br />
One of the most stable and long-term solutions for storing CO2 is via carbon mineralization,<br />
where minerals containing metal oxides of Ca or Mg are reacted with<br />
CO2 to produce thermodynamically stable Ca- and Mg-carbonates that are insoluble<br />
in water. While the kinetics of in-situ carbon mineralization is naturally slow,<br />
it can be enhanced at high temperature and high partial pressure of CO2. The addition<br />
of weak organic acids produced from food waste has been shown to enhance<br />
mineral weathering kinetics. Organic ligands such as oxalate, citrate and acetate<br />
bind to divalent metal ions such as Mg2+ and Ca2+ and accelerate the rate<br />
of mineral dissolution. Minerals of interest include olivine, serpentine, labradorite<br />
and basalt (mixture of silicate minerals). Both dissolution and single-step carbonation<br />
experiments were performed to investigate fast and long-term kinetics of<br />
mineral weathering. In the case of the ex-situ carbon mineralization process, high<br />
magnesium dissolution rates often lead to the formation of a silica rich passivation<br />
layer. The chemically catalyzed removal of this passivation layer has been<br />
demonstrated through the use of silica targeting chelating agents.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Increased Carbon Dioxide Absorption Rates in Alkali Solutions by<br />
Surfactant Addition<br />
B. Spigarelli and K. Kawatra; Chemical Engineering, Michigan<br />
Technological University, Houghton, MI<br />
To meet the growing need for CO2 capture and storage technology, Michigan<br />
Technological University is researching CO2 capture and storage by bubbling<br />
CO2 through alkali solutions. The objective of the present study was to find a<br />
way to increase the absorption rate of CO2 into the alkali solution without reducing<br />
the absorption capacity of the solution. This approach used a neutral<br />
charge, polypropylene glycol methyl ether (PPGME) surfactant called<br />
DOWFROTH 200 to chemically alter the gas bubble size. Experiments were conducted<br />
to study the absorption rate of CO2 at varying surfactant concentrations<br />
of 0, 0.12, 0.24, 0.36, and 0.48 g/L in the alkali solution. Results showed that as<br />
the concentration of PPGME increased in solution, the absorption rate also increased.<br />
The CO2 absorption rate increased from 3.45*10-3 mol/min CO2 at<br />
0g/L PPGME to 3.92*10-3 mol/min CO2 at 0.48 g/L PPGME. This amounted<br />
to a 14% increase in the CO2 absorption rate with only a 3% loss in absorption<br />
capacity of the solution.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
A Hot Carbonate Absorption Process with High Pressure Stripping<br />
to Reduce Energy Use for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture<br />
Y. Lu 1 , M. Sahu1, X. Ye1, Q. Ye 1 , J. Hirschi 2 and A. Jones 3 ;<br />
1<br />
ISGS/UIUC, Champaign, IL; 2 ICCI, Carterville, IL and<br />
3<br />
DOE/NETL, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
A novel Hot Carbonate Absorption Process with Crystallization-Enabled High<br />
Pressure Stripping (Hot-CAP) is being developed to overcome the energy use disadvantage<br />
of conventional monoethanolamine (MEA)-based processes. The Hot-<br />
CAP employs a potassium or sodium carbonate aqueous solution as a solvent for<br />
CO2 absorption. A unique feature of the process is a high pressure CO2 stripping<br />
that employs a slurry of bicarbonate generated from crystallization of the CO2-<br />
laden solution. This process reduces: 1) stripping heat associated with water vaporization,<br />
2) sensible heat due to low specific heat capacity of the slurry, and 3)<br />
CO2 compression work compared to the MEA-based processes. As part of a<br />
process development study, laboratory- and bench-scale experiments are being<br />
conducted to generate process engineering and scale-up data for determining the<br />
technical and economic feasibility of the process. This presentation will provide a<br />
summary of results from the ongoing experimental and techno-economic studies.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
CO2 Emissions Reductions Are On Their Way, But Not Quite<br />
Here Yet<br />
D. Nummedal; Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
The general outlines of effective strategies for CO2 emissions abatement from the<br />
power industry are beginning to emerge. They vary across the world because of<br />
47
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
differences in fossil energy resource endowment, technology maturity levels and<br />
emerging national and regional regulations. The cost of CO2 emissions avoidance<br />
with current technologies for capture is in the range of US $ 60 to 120 per<br />
ton. In regions with abundant unconventional gas, such as the U.S., projected sustained<br />
low natural gas prices have essentially driven new coal plants out of the<br />
market. In China, in contrast, coal is still king and the emphasis is on the development<br />
of super-critical and ultra-super critical coal plants to increase efficiency.<br />
Both in the US, China and most of the rest of the world, there is also a rapid<br />
growth in carbon capture and utilization (CCUS), with enhanced oil recovery<br />
being seen as the dominant near-term market for use of the captured CO2. Still,<br />
the market demand for CO2 is way below the emission rate on a global basis, requiring<br />
long-term storage until renewable energy sources someday rule the roost.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
Coal in a Carbon-Constrained World with Ample Natural Gas<br />
K. Lackner; Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy, Columbia<br />
University, New York, NY<br />
Coal’s dominant role in electricity generation is challenged by two long-term developments.<br />
First, natural gas availability is increasing and now seems assured for<br />
a long time. Second, stabilizing carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere<br />
because of climate change concerns will result in severe restrictions on carbon<br />
dioxide emission driving net world emissions gradually to zero. Without carbon<br />
dioxide capture and storage technologies, the use of coal and ultimately of natural<br />
gas is not limited by the size of the available resource but by the capacity of<br />
the atmosphere to hold carbon dioxide as about half of the carbon dioxide will<br />
remain in the atmosphere for centuries. We analyze the options for coal under<br />
various scenarios and conclude that retrofitting old coal plants with carbon capture<br />
technology is unlikely to be economic. For coal to survive requires significant<br />
reductions in mining cost; new markets for coal, e.g. in the production of liquid<br />
fuels; more options for carbon dioxide storage; and advanced energy conversion<br />
technologies that combine high efficiency with integrated carbon dioxide capture<br />
and storage.<br />
coal & energy:<br />
underground I<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
chair: G. Buchan, Alpha Natural Resources,<br />
Waynesburg, PA<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Numerical Analyses of Stability of Three-way and Four-way<br />
Coal Mine Intersections in Illinois<br />
B. Abbasi and Y. Chugh; Mining and Mineral Resources Engineering,<br />
Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL<br />
Roof falls in Illinois are more likely to occur in mining intersection and this has<br />
not changed in the last two decades. This research develops an improved scientific<br />
understanding of stress distribution and failure behavior around 4-way and<br />
3-way coal mine intersections. Three-dimensional numerical analyses were performed<br />
to determine factors that influence intersection stability. The analyses<br />
used a modified hardening/softening Hoek-Brown failure criterion. Yielded<br />
zones around 3-way and 4-way intersections were developed. Intersection span<br />
and horizontal stress have a major influence on intersection stability. For the 4-<br />
way intersection, pillar corners across the intersection fail first and lead to progressive<br />
failure of immediate roof and floor layers. The mechanism of failure is<br />
similar for the 3-way entry but the shape and extension of yielded zones differ.<br />
Coal ribs mostly fail due to tensile stress, while roof and floor strata fail due to<br />
shear stresses. Rib corners fail due to a combination of shear and tensile stresses.<br />
In addition to stress-based approach, displacement-based analyses were also performed<br />
to delineate stability problems around intersections.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Stress Distribution in Set-Up Rooms and Adjoining Areas for<br />
Longwall Panels Oriented At Two Different Angles to In-Situ<br />
Stress Orientation<br />
B. Abbasi, Y. Chugh and H. Gurley; Mining and Mineral Resources<br />
Engineering, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL<br />
Design of stable set-up rooms and adjoining areas of a longwall face are critical<br />
for safety and productivity. Illinois longwall faces have typically experienced<br />
ground control problems in set-up rooms. Under a research project from the<br />
State of Illinois over the last two years, the authors have successfully performed<br />
field instrumentation studies and numerical analyses to improve design of set-up<br />
rooms and adjoining areas. Some of these studies have been already published.<br />
This paper presents a comparison of stress distribution in set-up rooms and in the<br />
head gate and tail gate entries for a longwall face oriented in the E-W and N 28 E<br />
orientations. The maximum compressive in-situ stress orientation in the area is<br />
assumed to be N 70 E. The results indicate that the head gate entries for a longwall<br />
face oriented N28E is subject to higher shear stress concentrations as compared<br />
to a longwall face oriented E-W. This stress concentration area travels forward<br />
as the longwall face is advanced. Therefore, additional supports should be<br />
considered along the belt entry to ensure a stable and productive longwall face.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Development of CISPM-MS and Its Applications in Assessing<br />
Multi-Seam Mining Interactions<br />
B. Qiu and Y. Luo; Mining Engineering, West Virginia University,<br />
Morgantown, WV<br />
Longwall and/or room-and-pillar mining operations in multiple coal seams<br />
could not only induce subsurface and surface subsidence but also cause interactions<br />
between these mined coal seams. The interaction might destabilize mine<br />
structures and subsequently induce additional strata movements. Mechanical<br />
models to utilize the predicted subsurface deformations to assess the interactions<br />
and the consequences have been developed. The models are incorporated into a<br />
computer program, CISPM-MS, for predicting the final surface movements and<br />
deformations as well as the mining interactions associated with multi-seam coal<br />
mining operations. It predicts final surface movements and deformations caused<br />
by the individual mining operations and by the interactive effects. The program<br />
can also be used to assess mine structural stability in multi-seam mining operations.<br />
The paper presents the developed interaction models and their application<br />
in surface subsidence prediction caused by multi-seam mining operations. A case<br />
study involving mining in two coal seams, using longwall and room-and-pillar<br />
mining methods, respectively, will be used to validate the program.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Rationalize Drilling Control for Noise Reduction During Roof<br />
Bolting Operation<br />
Y. Luo 1 , B. Qiu 1 , C. Collins 2 and M. Li 1 ; 1 Mining Engineering,<br />
West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV and 2 J.H. Fletcher<br />
Mining Machinery, Huntington, WV<br />
Roof bolter operators are a group of underground miners being exposed to high<br />
doses of noise, especially when drilling hard rock. Previous research shows that<br />
the specific energy of drilling decreases as bite depth (penetration per revolution<br />
of drilling) increases. Less specific energy means less energy is wasted by producing<br />
heat, bit wear and noise in the drilling process. This clearly implies that<br />
proper control of drilling parameters provides an opportunity to reduce drilling<br />
noise. Controlling noise from its sources can proactively reduce the noise exposure<br />
to miners. Drilling tests have been conducted to prove this noise control<br />
strategy. In the tests, noise levels are measured along with a number of other parameters.<br />
The preliminary results show a noise reduction from 4 to 10 dB can be<br />
achieved by drilling at a reasonably high bite depth in medium hard rock.<br />
Applying this approach in drilling hard rock (e.g., sandstone) may expect even<br />
better noise reduction. Based on the theoretical and experimental studies, rational<br />
drilling control strategy could be developed for noise control while maintaining<br />
a safe and productive roof bolting operation.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Calibrated ALPS: Integrating Local Information into the ALPS<br />
Pillar Design Approach<br />
H. Lawson and J. Whyatt; Ground Control, NIOSH, Spokane, WA<br />
The ALPS program has become a widely accepted tool for the design of pillars in<br />
longwall coal mines. The current version of ALPS defines the critical stability<br />
factor based on a national data base of case studies. The critical stability factor<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
48<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
can also be derived from local production experience. Both of these approaches<br />
are based on standard assumptions about the ground response to mining. This<br />
paper examines how the ALPS calculation process can be revised to reflect<br />
ground response characteristics. These include caving and gob formation, pillar<br />
capacity and redistribution of ground stresses. While some of these are not accessible<br />
in the ALPS program, ALPS calculations are easily implemented in a<br />
spreadsheet and thus, can be readily customized as needed. The relevance of stability<br />
factors can be improved by integration local ground behavior and, at the<br />
least, incorporation of these factors may demonstrate why very low ALPS stability<br />
factors can be valid. A parameter study explores how variations in ground<br />
characteristics impact stability factor calculations.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
Ventilation I<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
J. Brune, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Challenges of CFD Modeling of Open Pit Mines<br />
K. Raj, W. Collingwood and S. Bandopadhyay; Mining and<br />
Geological Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks,<br />
Fairbanks, AK<br />
In the mining industry, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is being extensively<br />
used for simulating air flow in underground mines. CFD modeling of pollutant<br />
transport problems in an open pit mine is relatively new. Modeling the actual pit<br />
geometry of an open pit mine and the open domain is complex. The complexity<br />
is primarily due to the faceted geometry of an open pit with associated numerous<br />
sharp features. Important issues which are not considered carefully at the geometry<br />
level are generally propagated to the subsequent processes. Several challenges<br />
and the pitfalls are encountered while modeling of the pollutant transport in open<br />
pit mines which are related to the geometry, meshing, boundary conditions, and<br />
the turbulence modeling parameterization. An appropriate selection of the mesh<br />
is critical. A detail discussion of the meshing an open pit domain is presented.<br />
The selection of an appropriate turbulence model such as ≡-∝, LES, RSM, etc. to<br />
obtain a better solution is equally significant. This paper will discuss the various<br />
challenges in modeling of the pollutant transport process in an open pit and some<br />
of the approaches adopted to deal with these challenges.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
The Transient Behavior of Mine Ventilation Networks via<br />
Multi-dimensional Numerical Simulation<br />
W. Wedding and A. Wala; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY<br />
A comparison between two simulation methods, a network based technique with<br />
a compressible multi-dimensional model, is presented. The network model used<br />
is Ventgraph. The multi-dimensional model is a compressible network model<br />
coupled to a three dimensional CFD domain, SC Tetra. Results from both simulation<br />
techniques are included for normal operating conditions as well as a transient<br />
analysis of the influence of a fire upon a coal beltline. The effects of entry<br />
inclination with regards to heat induced buoyancy are examined.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Application of a CFD-simulation for an Optimization of<br />
Ventilation In Case of the Occurrence of NOx-blast-emissions<br />
E. Clausen, A. Agasty, M. Kellner and O. Langefeld; Institute of<br />
Mining, TU Clausthal, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany<br />
With regard to the current discussions within the EU to set new exposure limits for<br />
NO and NO2 in the workplace, the mining industry will be required to minimize<br />
the pollutant concentrations. This situation is exacerbated by the fact that the<br />
MAK-Commission recommendations, responsible for setting the national pollutant<br />
concentration limits in the Federal Republic of Germany, provide for a reduction<br />
of NOx gases by 90 and 98% at 0.5 ppm for NO and NO2 respectively. In addition<br />
to the diesel vehicles employed underground, the use of explosives, causing<br />
NOx emissions, constitutes a major pollutant source. In order to analyze and evaluate<br />
the behavior of nitrogen oxides after a blast, a simulation was performed with<br />
the help of a three-phase CFD model (air, NO, NO2). Based on the simulation,<br />
different concepts and measures, dependent on the volume of the released nitrogen<br />
oxides, for a purposeful dilution of the air could be tested and assessed in<br />
terms of their effectiveness with regard to optimization of mine ventilation.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
The Effect of Overall Pit Slope and Pit Geometry on the Dispersion<br />
of Pollutants in a Hypothetical Arctic Open-pit Mine<br />
A. Choudhury 1 and S. Bandopadhyay 2 ; 1 Mining Engineering,<br />
Montana Tech of the University of Montana, Butte, MT and<br />
2<br />
Mining and Geological Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks,<br />
Fairbanks, AK<br />
Deep open-pit minesare becoming increasingly common in the highly mineralized<br />
arctic and sub-arctic regions. Air inversion is a frequent occurrence in these regions,<br />
and is exacerbated by the natural topography of an open-pit mine. The resulting<br />
inversion cap is known to contribute to the fouling of air in the open pit, resulting<br />
in loss of production. This paper discusses the construction and validation<br />
of a three-dimensional model that simulate the flow of air and the transport of<br />
gaseous contaminants in an arctic open-pit mine and the effect of the geometry of<br />
the mine and the slope angle of the pit on the contaminants profiles in the mine.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Analysis of Recirculation in Booster Fan Systems Using CFD<br />
J. Wempen and M. Nelson; Mining Engineering, University of Utah,<br />
Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Booster fans, large underground fans, can increase the volumetric efficiency of<br />
ventilation systems by helping to balance the pressure and quantity distribution<br />
throughout a mine, reducing leakage and reducing the total power requirement.<br />
However, in ventilation systems that use booster fans there is a potential for system<br />
recirculation, the leakage of return air to intake air, and also for localized recirculation<br />
near the fan through the bulkhead and airlock doors. Air that is recirculated<br />
locally decreases the system efficiency because the quantity of air flow<br />
through the fan increases without increasing the airflow throughout the system.<br />
To understand the detailed flow characteristics of a ventilation system with a<br />
booster fan, two-dimensional computation fluid dynamics (CFD) models were<br />
developed. The CFD models were used to evaluate how the number of booster<br />
fans, the booster fan placement, the location and geometry of the fan installation,<br />
and the construction of the airlock system affect the flow characteristics and the<br />
localized efficiency of the ventilation system.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Numerical Modeling of Contaminant Gas Transport in<br />
Underground Openings<br />
P. Rostami; Mining Engineering, UNR, Reno, NV<br />
Transport of contaminant gases can occur due to: advection by forced ventilation,<br />
natural convection, dispersion along the length of the concentration front<br />
and finally transversal dispersion in a cross-section of the airway. In a turbulence<br />
analysis, the diffusion is promoted by a turbulent eddy. This diffusion is very<br />
strong compared to the molecular diffusion, and therefore the result is hardly affected<br />
by the molecular diffusion in a turbulence analysis. Turbulent eddy diffusion<br />
is automatically solved in Computational Fluid Dynamic programs. In case<br />
of non-CFD models, simulating the contaminant transport is achieved using a<br />
dispersion coefficient for individual species, addressing molecular and turbulent<br />
diffusion. The goal of this study is to find the dispersion coefficient as a function<br />
of air velocity for the species of interest and propose a theoretical solution to calculate<br />
a safe distance beyond which the contaminant level is below the threshold<br />
value. Various scenarios were model in a CFD program (cradle V9). From simulation<br />
results, a representative dispersion coefficient is calculated for CO2 and<br />
SO2 gases and later used for prediction of spread and dilution.<br />
Connect With Your Colleagues In DENVER!<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
49<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
environmental:<br />
environmental topics<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
A. Duex, Rio Tinto, South Jordan, UT<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Kennecott Utah Copper Quality Hectares Assessment Framework<br />
B. Boyle 1 , M. Wheeler 3 , T. Gullison 2 and A. Neville 4 ; 1 Ecology and<br />
Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; 2 Hardner<br />
& Gullison Associates, LLC, Lantzville, BC, Canada; 3 WP Natural<br />
Resource Consulting, Inc, Salt Lake City, UT and 4 Sustainable<br />
Development, Kennecott Utah Copper, South Jordan, UT<br />
Rio Tintos goal is to have a net positive impact on biodiversity in the regions<br />
where its mines operate. For most species and habitats area-based metrics adjusted<br />
for habitat quality are used to determine a sites net impact. These qualityhectares<br />
measures provide a common currency for integrating the positive and<br />
negative impacts to native vegetation at a site with the biodiversity benefits provided<br />
by reclamation and restoration. Rio Tintos Kennecott Utah Copper site in<br />
Utah developed the quality-hectares framework in the following steps: (i) identification<br />
and description of the natural vegetation communities present on property;<br />
(ii) identification of benchmark conditions of structure and composition for<br />
each vegetation type in order to function as a point of comparison for the actual<br />
natural and restored areas of vegetation present the property; and (iii) development<br />
of a scoring system for natural vegetation and reclaimed and restored sites<br />
against the benchmark sites. <strong>Preliminary</strong> results of the application of the qualityhectares<br />
framework will be presented as well as a description of the vegetation<br />
monitoring program Kennecott is implementing.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Managing Air Quality Impacts of a Global Diversified<br />
Mining Company<br />
F. Turatti; Group HSEC, Rio Tinto, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Rio Tinto is one of the world’s largest international mining groups with operations<br />
located in more than 50 countries in multiple continents. This diversity of<br />
operations and variation in the nature, amount and impacts of air emissions<br />
poses a significant environmental management challenge in an increasingly regulated<br />
environment. A global strategy was developed to manage air quality impacts,<br />
consisting of three objectives: improving air quality performance of operations,<br />
developing industry leading practices and engaging and influencing in air<br />
issues. Each objective is supported by comprehensive work programs that are delivered<br />
globally and tailored regionally for a holistic global approach. This presentation<br />
will discuss Rio Tintos approach to global air quality management and<br />
the successes this approach has secured. Three programs of work are highlighted.<br />
Firstly, how airshed resources are managed in constrained airsheds where we<br />
have operations. Secondly, how financial modeling has allowed a true value to be<br />
placed on air constraints and thirdly, how a rigorous e-learning course was developed<br />
to improve the overall level of air management knowledge of environment<br />
managers.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Arsenic Leaching from a Mine Tailing by Acidithiobacillus<br />
Ferrooxidans: Role of Temperature, pH, and Pulp Density<br />
J. Park 1 , E. Lee 1 , J. Hong 1 , K. Yoo 2 , J. Park 3 , U. Choi 3 and H. Kim 1 ;<br />
1<br />
Department of Mineral Resources and Energy Engineering, Chonbuk<br />
National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; 2 Department of<br />
Energy & Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime University, Busan,<br />
Republic of Korea and 3 R&D Team, Institute of Mine Reclamation<br />
Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea<br />
Arsenic leaching behavior from a mine tailing by Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans<br />
(A. Ferrooxidans) was i emp=30 oC), and temperature (25-35 oC, pulp density=0.5%,<br />
pH=1.8). The reaction speed and initial cell concentration were fixed<br />
to 150 rpm and 1E8 cells/ml, respectively. To complement leaching experiments,<br />
zeta potential measurements for cells and tailings, and SEM, XRD, and particle<br />
size analyses for tailings before and after leaching were conducted. Overall, the<br />
arsenic leaching efficiency increased with decreasing pulp density, decreasing pH,<br />
and increasing temperature regardless of the presence of A. Ferrooxidans.<br />
Additionally, the arsenic leaching rate was faster for the samples in the presence<br />
of A. Ferrooxidans as compared to those in the absence of A. Ferrooxidans at the<br />
conditions investigated in this study.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Aquatic Life Criteria Are Protective Against Copper-caused<br />
Impairment of Olfaction in Salmonid Fishes<br />
J. Meyer 1 , D. DeForest 2 , R. Gensemer 3 , J. Gorsuch 4 and W. Adams 5 ;<br />
1ARCADIS U.S., Lakewood, CO; 2 Windward Environmental,<br />
Seattle, WA; 3 GEI Consultants, Denver, CO; 4 Copper Development<br />
Association, Webster, NY and 5 Rio Tinto, Lake Point, UT<br />
Major concerns have recently been expressed that short-term exposures to low<br />
Cu concentrations might cause olfactory impairment in fish [especially migratory<br />
Pacific salmon and trout (Oncorhynchus spp.)], which might limit their ability<br />
to detect predators, reproduce, or migrate. This is becoming an important<br />
issue for the mining sector, and other metals are also of concern for olfactory impairment<br />
(e.g., Cd, Zn). However, water chemistry matters in determining lethal<br />
and sublethal effects (including olfaction) of metals to aquatic organisms. For example,<br />
although olfactory impairment can occur at low Cu concentrations in dilute<br />
laboratory waters, we demonstrate that the USEPAs biotic ligand model<br />
(BLM)-based aquatic life criteria for Cu are protective against olfactory impairment<br />
across a wide range of fresh waters. Additionally, we propose a unified<br />
freshwater-saltwater BLM to predict olfactory effects of Cu to salmonid fishes,<br />
which suggests that the threshold-effect concentrations of Cu will be even higher<br />
in salt water than in fresh water and that the current saltwater Cu criteria are protective<br />
across a wide range of saltwater chemistries.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Regulatory Implications of Chemosensory and Behavioral Effects<br />
of Copper to Fish<br />
R. Gensemer 1 , D. DeForest 2 and J. Gorsuch 3 ; 1 Ecology Division, GEI<br />
Consultants, Inc., Denver, CO; 2 Windward Environmental, Seattle,<br />
WA and 3 Copper Development Association, Webster, NY<br />
Regulatory criteria for aquatic life protection are based primarily on laboratory<br />
toxicity data using test endpoints derived on the basis of survival, growth, and reproduction.<br />
These endpoints are believed to provide the best representation of<br />
overall ecological impacts of chemicals to aquatic organisms in the field.<br />
However, some have proposed that aquatic life criteria for copper are insufficiently<br />
protective of sublethal chemosensory and behavioral endpoints in<br />
salmonid fishes, and therefore regulatory criteria need to be revisited. We review<br />
the ecological basis of aquatic life criteria derivation using the more traditional<br />
endpoints of survival, growth, and reproduction, and discuss the extent to which<br />
other sublethal endpoints may influence how criteria are derived. For copper, we<br />
contend that traditionally based aquatic life criteria are adequately protective<br />
against chemosensory or behavioral effects in salmonid fishes. This is because<br />
other aquatic species are more sensitive to copper than salmon, but also owing to<br />
the influence of water chemistry on the toxicity of copper regardless of whether<br />
traditional or non-traditional sublethal endpoints are considered.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
environmental:<br />
uranium<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
G. Robinson, R Squared, Inc., Greenwood Village, CO<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Are We There Yet?<br />
W. Heili; Ur-Energy, Casper, WY<br />
Eight years after the initiation of permitting activities for Ur-Energy’s Lost Creek<br />
Project, the long road is coming to a successful conclusion. Facility construction<br />
is scheduled to be underway in the fall of 2012 with production commencing in<br />
2013. This presentation will take a look back at some of the pioneering efforts<br />
that went into permitting of a new ISR uranium production facility in Wyoming.<br />
Additionally, the presentation will review several technological and design innovations<br />
that are featured in the production plant and well field designs for this<br />
state-of-the-art In Situ Recovery site.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
50<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Groundwater and Surface Water Strategies for Uranium Selecting<br />
the Right In Situ Approach<br />
J. Gillow, A. Griffin, L. Christoffersen, M. Gentile, S. Doyle,<br />
M. Hay, C. Divine and P. DeDycker; ARCADIS U.S., Inc.,<br />
Highlands Ranch, CO<br />
Uranium mining and milling can affect surface and groundwater systems due to<br />
alteration of the ore body geochemical and hydrogeological regime. Restoration<br />
choices compared here include: 1) driving the system anoxic/anaerobic through<br />
the introduction of electron donors to re-establish pre-mining/milling conditions<br />
and 2) creation of low solubility uranium minerals without alteration of redox<br />
conditions. The former can be accomplished through biogeochemical reactions.<br />
The later involves chemical amendments to precipitate/co-precipitate uranium<br />
phosphate. In situ approaches to restoration have inherent benefits over most<br />
other strategies, including lower cost, minimal infrastructure, sustainability, and<br />
the ability to treat the source of dissolved uranium. Approaches are challenged by<br />
difficulty in injecting and delivering amendments while minimizing biofouling<br />
and secondary water quality effects. Recent advances in the application of soluble<br />
forms of phosphate and emplaced reactive barriers show promise. Consideration<br />
must be given to the natural redox conditions and the stability of the precipitates.<br />
Choices will be discussed for tailings, pit lakes, aquifers, and ISR operations.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
The Use of Strong Base Anion Exchange Resin in<br />
Uranium Recovery<br />
J. Milbourne 1 and C. Marston 2 ; 1 Sulliden Gold Corp., Toronto,<br />
ON, Canada and 2 Larkin Laboratory, Dow Chemical Company,<br />
Midland, MI<br />
Uranium recovery from ores and other sources over the last 60 years has been<br />
made possible in large part to the unique characteristics of strong base anion exchange<br />
resin (SAR). The chemistry as well as the history of SAR development<br />
and implementation will be reviewed. The use of SAR has been closely linked<br />
with equipment design and the paper will also review the systems that have been<br />
used in the past. The future of SAR will also be discussed.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Contrasting Mineralogic and Geochemical Characteristics of<br />
Uranium and Vanadium Distribution at a Proposed Uranium<br />
In-Situ Recovery (ISR) Site, South Dakota<br />
S. Diehl, R. Johnson, W. Benzel and H. Lowers; U.S. Geological<br />
Survey, Denver, CO<br />
Core from uranium roll-front deposits, hosted in lower Cretaceous strata, was examined<br />
from the proposed Dewey Burdock in-situ recovery site in the northern<br />
part of the Edgemont uranium district, South Dakota. Uraninite (UO2), doloresite<br />
(H8V6O16), and haggite (V2O2(OH)3) occur as pore-occluding cements in<br />
the Fall River Formation, Dewey area; whereas uranium (with little vanadium) is<br />
absorbed onto woody fragments and amorphous carbonaceous material in pressure-solution<br />
seams in the Lakota Formation, Burdock area. Chert, an amorphous<br />
silica more soluble than quartz, is more abundant in the Lakota<br />
Formation, so there is greater development of pressure solution. Both areas have<br />
gangue minerals typical of uranium roll-front deposits with 0.5 wt. % pyrite in<br />
the reduced solid phase, and no pyrite in the oxidized solid phase. Dissolved oxygen<br />
is below detection in the groundwater at the ore zones, so the uranium is relatively<br />
insoluble. Uranium in solution at Dewey is
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
2:45 PM<br />
The New York City Metropolitan Aggregate Market<br />
M. Zdunczyk; Mark Zdunczyk Consulting Geologist,<br />
East Greenbush, NY<br />
The New York City (NYC) and vicinity crushed stone and sand and gravel market<br />
is large: some industry personnel estimate over 23 million metric tons. The<br />
Metropolitan area is made up of the 5 boroughs of NYC, Long Island,<br />
Westchester County (NY) and Bergen and Hudson counties (NJ). There is no<br />
local production currently, but there was legacy production. Aggregates are supplied<br />
by major multi-national companies and a few other producers with unique<br />
market niches. Material currently comes from NY, NY and PA, with crushed<br />
stone also being imported from Nova Scotia by all bulk modes of transport. The<br />
quality (specifications) of the material is set and monitored by the New York<br />
State Department of transportation (NYSDOT) Bureau of Materials and the<br />
Port Authority (Authority) of NY and NJ. The Authority governs the airports,<br />
bridges, tunnels, rail, bus terminals and ferries in the area. Both entities sometimes<br />
have different aggregate specifications for the same project. For those producers<br />
supplying this market, the various specifications, rock, sand, gravel types<br />
and the different products needed to supply this area makes the NYC and vicinity<br />
market complicated and dynamic.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Smart Growth for Sustainable Aggregate Production in Illinois<br />
D. Mikulic and Z. Lasemi; Prairie Research Institute, University of<br />
Illinois, Urbana-champaign, IL<br />
Illinois is challenged with the continuous loss of aggregate resources to urban development,<br />
especially in the growing areas of northeastern Illinois and the St.<br />
Louis Metro East regions. Expansion of residential and industrial complexes and<br />
lack of specific guidelines from the state for managing aggregate resources before<br />
they are preempted continue to result in loss of valuable resources. The reserves<br />
in existing quarries are nearly depleted. Difficult permitting makes it doubtful<br />
that new surface mines will be developed in many urbanized areas. The increased<br />
demand for construction aggregates has resulted in a growing need for up-to-date<br />
geologic information to ensure the continued availability of high-quality, low-cost<br />
construction. Intense competition for land and mineral resources has increased<br />
the need for current, detailed geologic information ahead of pressing land-use decisions.<br />
Geologic research and mapping will ensure a balanced approach to landuse<br />
planning in order to protect natural resources and the environment now and<br />
in the future. An example from McHenry County in northeastern Illinois illustrates<br />
the importance of such studies.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Maximizing the Reserve Potential in a Sustainable Development<br />
Culture through a Drill & Blast Optimization <strong>Program</strong> Best<br />
Sand Company<br />
K. Przybyla 1 and K. Oakes 2 ; 1 Best Sand Corporation, Chardon, OH<br />
and 2 Olson Explosives, Inc., Decorah, IA<br />
Best Sand Company, a Fairmount Minerals Company, is located south of<br />
Chardon, Ohio, an outlying suburb in the Cleveland Metropolitan Area. This industrial<br />
sand operation mines a unique sandstone conglomerate formation which<br />
presents many design and operational challenges in order for the mining cycle to<br />
safely and efficiently proceed. Fairmount Minerals and their subsidiary companies<br />
truly embrace a culture founded on the principals of sustainable development<br />
at the forefront. Doing so by making continual investments in their people,<br />
the communities in which they operate, and the environmental stewardship programs<br />
which ensure a bright future for both their businesses, as well as the communities<br />
in which they live and operate. This paper will discuss an ongoing operationally<br />
focused sustainability project related to Drilling & Blasting at the<br />
operation, with the goal of maximizing reserves, while not compromising their<br />
long standing and well founded relationships with their surrounding stakeholding<br />
neighbors.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
St. Peter Sandstone Mineral Resource Evaluation, Missouri, USA<br />
J. Davis; Industrial Minerals, Missouri Geological Survey, Rolla, MO<br />
The St. Peter Sandstone is typically a well-sorted, friable, ultra-pure, fine- to<br />
medium-grained, quartzose sandstone with silica content higher than 99 percent<br />
in places. The sand grains are rounded, spherical and characteristically frosted.<br />
They typically vary in size from 2 millimeters to less than 0.08 millimeters. The<br />
St. Peter is continuously present in the subsurface in the northern half of the state<br />
and the southeastern edge of the state. The St. Peter crops out in a narrow band<br />
that starts in western Montgomery County and runs southeastward, along the<br />
Missouri River, to just west of St. Louis and continues south, just west of the<br />
Mississippi River, through Scott County. The formation averages 80-100 feet<br />
thick. There is an estimated 3.8 trillion short tons of St. Peter in Missouri. Sieve<br />
analyses indicate three subsurface locations in northeastern Missouri with<br />
greater than 10 percent by weight of the sample falling in the 20-40 U.S. Standard<br />
Sieve Series size range.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
Industrial Sand Resources and Industry of Wisconsin<br />
B. Brown; Wisconsin Geological Survey, Madison, WI<br />
Wisconsin has been a leading producer of industrial sand for many years. In the<br />
past foundry sand accounted for the largest share of production, but the recent<br />
growth in demand for hydrofrac sand by the oil and gas industry has resulted in<br />
rapid expansion in both number of mines and production. Wisconsin has extensive<br />
resources of high quality quartz sand in the Upper Cambrian Jordan,<br />
Wonewoc, and Mount Simon sandstones, the Ordovician St. Peter sandstone,<br />
and alluvial sands of Quaternary age. The Cambrian sandstones and the St. Peter<br />
are very mature quartz arenites, consisting of well-rounded pure quartz grains<br />
with high crush strength, ideal for frac sand. The St. Peter is finer and is primarily<br />
used for foundry sand. Quaternary sands are generally used as aggregate and<br />
foundry sand. Quaternary alluvial sands derived from Cambrian sandstones are<br />
however an important source of frac sand. The sand boom has raised many local<br />
and state regulatory issues and caused much public concern, but the exceptional<br />
quality and ready availability of sand that meets the highest standards for frac<br />
sand is likely to sustain many of the new mines well into the future.<br />
4:25 PM<br />
A New Era for Silica Sand-An Essential Mineral for 21st Century<br />
Oil & Gas Production<br />
M. Schwalen; Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI<br />
Silicon dioxide, otherwise known as silica sand is an essential chemical element<br />
in glass, silicate and ceramic production and a key component for foundries and<br />
filtration applications. Today, oil & gas service companies have increased their<br />
demand for the white sand to levels never reach by any other consumer and all<br />
this has taken place in less than a decade. It is this growth that makes it such a fascinating<br />
topic in the area of industrial minerals at this time. The focus of this<br />
paper will outline the current market and issues, mining and processing methods,<br />
geological characteristics of the deposits and future challenges.<br />
Industrial Minerals & aggregates:<br />
Industrial Minerals:<br />
end uses of Industrial Minerals<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
chairs: P. Macy, Kemira, Kennesaw, GA<br />
J. Gauntt, Golder Associates, Centennial, CO<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Whats All the Talc About?<br />
G. Tomaino; Analytical Services Group, Minerals Technologies Inc.,<br />
Easton, PA<br />
For over 130 years, Talc has and continues to provide developing and developed<br />
nations with an industrial mineral capable of performing as a commodity or as a<br />
functional and high performance mineral additive that increases the value of<br />
products to the end use customer. It is a combination of talc attributes physical,<br />
chemical, or mineralogical that allow for a variety of current uses as well as developing<br />
specialty market applications. A brief overview of historical and current<br />
regulatory and environmental concerns and misconceptions will also be covered.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Indium and Tellurium Availability<br />
R. Eggert; Division of Economics and Business, Colorado School of<br />
Mines, Golden, CO<br />
Indium and tellurium provide essential properties in emerging thin-film photovoltaic<br />
materials. Both are produced today almost exclusively as byproducts of<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
52<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
zinc (in the case of indium) and copper (in the case of tellurium) production. If<br />
demand for these elements increases, will incremental supplies come from expanded<br />
byproduct production at costs similar to recent prices? If not, where<br />
might incremental supply come from and what costs?<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Palygorskite End Uses: Functions Follow Form<br />
C. Trimble; Oil Dri Corporation of America, Ochlocknee, GA<br />
Palygorskite (AKA Attapulgite) is a peculiar clay mineral with an interesting<br />
structure. The characteristics that distinguish it from other clay minerals are the<br />
source of these materials useful properties. This talk is a brief overview of how<br />
these clays differ structurally from other phyllosilicates, with discussion of the<br />
mineral classification and structure relating structure to end uses. Includes a review<br />
of known distribution of world class deposits, and covers historic uses and<br />
records, development of the many current uses and benefits, and speculation regarding<br />
potential future uses.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Lithium End Uses and Developments<br />
D. Bryan; Western Lithium Corp., Reno, NV<br />
Lithium has been a commodity of great interest the last few years, primarily because<br />
of its inroads into use in batteries, and more particularly into the electrification<br />
of transportation. As more hybrids hit the road and the introduction of all<br />
electric vehicles takes hold the future for lithium looks bright indeed. The unique<br />
properties of lithium dictate its choice as the battery of the future. But there are<br />
other uses as well. They may not be as well recognizable but they are nonetheless<br />
an important influence on the lithium market, such as greases, ceramics, glass,<br />
pharmaceuticals, drilling muds, etc. In addition to these end use developments<br />
the paper will also give an update on who the players are, both those who have an<br />
established market share, and those who hope to get a foot into this growing industry.<br />
The different lithium host environments, i.e. pegmatites, brines, clays, will<br />
also be discussed with reference to their share of the market.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Kaolin Forms and Formulations for Multiple End Uses<br />
R. Pruett; Imerys, Sandersville, GA<br />
About five million tons per year of kaolin is produced in Georgia, USA for use in<br />
paper, ceramics and performance mineral applications such as rubber and paint.<br />
Up to about 20% to 30% of Georgia kaolin is shipped within North America by<br />
truck or rail as a slurry form. The remaining kaolin is shipped dry bulk or bagged<br />
as spray dried or pulverized forms. Kaolin product formulations have been developed<br />
to maintain product fitness-for-use in different forms and end uses. This<br />
paper will discuss how kaolin is formulated for ease of handling and make-down<br />
into end-use applications. The use of dispersants to improve kaolin performance<br />
over time will be reviewed.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Ochre – A Natural Iron Oxide in the Colored Pigment Market<br />
S. Bearden; New Riverside Ochre Company, Cartersville, GA<br />
Color enhances expression and communication in all physical objects experienced<br />
in life. Pigments provide color and in some applications have a specific additional<br />
function. Iron oxide ores are widely distributed throughout the world but<br />
only a few deposits are sufficiently pure and possess acceptable color and brightness<br />
properties to merit their processing into pigment form. Ochre, the common<br />
name for goethite ore, is the best and most under used material in the buff colored<br />
pigment market. The geological occurrence of ochre in the basal Shady<br />
Formation of the Cartersville Mining District (Georgia) is described.<br />
Exploration, processing, and product applications of New Riverside Ochre<br />
Company, Inc., are discussed. A brief overview of the worldwide pigment market<br />
is presented with emphasis placed upon the North American activity in iron<br />
oxide production and application. The purpose of this paper is to increase the<br />
awareness of ochre and its potential market in the colored iron oxide pigment industry,<br />
encourage research on the origin of ochre deposits, and stimulate interest<br />
in new applications of this unique substance.<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing<br />
PLenary SeSSIon<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
chairs: M. Bender, Newmont Mining Corp.<br />
C. Young, Montana Tech of the University of<br />
Montana<br />
M. Moats, Missouri University of Science and<br />
Technology<br />
8<br />
GaudIn Lecturer:<br />
Graeme J. Jameson, University of Newcastle<br />
chair:<br />
rIchardS Lecturer:<br />
Nick Hazen, Hazen Research Inc.<br />
WadSWorth Lecturer:<br />
Jan D. Miller, University of Utah<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
hot topics: are american Mining<br />
colleges Sustainable?<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
T.D. Arnold, Geovic Mining, Denver, CO<br />
Mining Colleges and Universities have been struggling for many years. Funding<br />
cuts, lack of students, lack of professors, and pressure from administration are<br />
just some of the common problems with many schools across the nation. This<br />
session will focus on what colleges and industry can do to make a steady flow of<br />
mining graduates a reality. Academics and industry professionals close to the<br />
issue will discuss changing the way we look at mining colleges, the way they are<br />
funded, and debate new and drastic changes that may be needed from academia,<br />
college administrators, and industry.<br />
INCLUDED PANEL MEMBERS:<br />
Dr. Thomas O’Neil<br />
Corporate Director, former professor at the University of Arizona and<br />
retired President and COO, Cleveland-Cliffs.<br />
Dr. Nigel Middleton<br />
Senior Vice President for Strategic Enterprises,<br />
Colorado School of Mines<br />
Dr. Jeffrey S. Thompson<br />
Dean, College of Science, University of Nevada, Reno<br />
Hugh E. Harvey, Jr.<br />
Executive Vice Chairman of the Board of<br />
Intrepid Potash<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
53<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
operations: Ventilation I:<br />
Planning and case Studies<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
chairs: A. Martikainen, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
G. Goodman, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Ventilation on Demand Study for Room and Pillar Mining in<br />
Flat Seams<br />
H. Mischo and S. Noll; Department of Mining Engineering, Technical<br />
University Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany<br />
Ventilation is a neccessary part of underground mining operations in order to<br />
provide fresh air for workers and machinery, keep up adequate mine climate and<br />
dilute and dissipate noxious gases. Possible changing of circumstances in the future,<br />
e.g. increasing energy costs or the expected lowering of occupational health<br />
and safety limits are pressing for the optimization of distribution of air flow<br />
within a mine. This can be one approach to reduce the concentration of noxious<br />
gases at the working area of underground miners. This paper discusses the behavior<br />
and influence of parameters of ventilation according to level of concentration<br />
of noxious gases and under consideration of technical possible set up for<br />
mine fans. This study was accomplished by a test series in an underground potash<br />
mine with a flat seam room and pillar mining system.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Comprehensive Pressure Quantity Survey for Investigating the<br />
Effect of Booster Fans in a Metal/Non Metal Mine<br />
A. Habibi 1 , R. Kramer 2 , J. Rowland 3 and S. Gillies 1 ; 1 Mining and<br />
Nuclear, Missouri S&T, Rolla, MO; 2 Engineering department, FMC<br />
Corporation, Green River, WY and 3 Dallas Mining Technology, Pty<br />
Ltd, Green River, NSW, Australia<br />
The ventilation survey has been conducted in an underground longwall Trona<br />
mine. The ventilation system consists of nine shafts (three intakes and six exhausts).<br />
Three axial surface fans are ventilating the mine in a blowing system.<br />
During the ventilation survey airflow quantity, frictional pressure losses and air<br />
psychrometric characteristics have been measured and quantified. The accurate<br />
resistance survey has been conducted to calculate the pressure drop with regard<br />
to moving the cage and skids in the shafts. This paper discusses the benefits of utilizing<br />
highly accurate pressure transducers and digital psychrometers in a<br />
leapfrogging survey to build the computer ventilation model. Two underground<br />
booster fans with variable frequency drives are available at the mine. The model<br />
has been used to determine the optimal location of the booster fans to decrease<br />
the operating cost by reducing the load carried by the main fans. The leakage<br />
study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of additional pressure by a<br />
booster fan. The study follows by preparing the future ventilation model for the<br />
next fifteen years of the mine and investigating the effect of booster fans.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Numerical Modeling of Adsorption of Contaminant Gases<br />
in an Underground Mine Opening<br />
P. Rostami; Mining Engineering, UNR, Reno, NV<br />
Adhesion of molecules or biomolecules of gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface<br />
is known as adsorption. This phenomenon occurs due to the attraction<br />
forces between solid adsorbent and adsorbate. The goal of this study is to propose<br />
the best theoretical solution for simulating the adsorption of contaminants in<br />
mines. Collected data from Barrik Goldstrik mine were used in this transient<br />
study. Introduction of contaminants is achieved by bursting a plug of desired gas<br />
trapped in a weather balloon at one point of the drift. Concentration values are<br />
measured against the background readings, for further analysis of the arrival<br />
time, dispersion coefficient and calculating the best safe distances at which mixing<br />
is complete in the air flow. Adsorption coefficients were later determined by<br />
fitting the numerical concentration variation model with unknown adsorption coefficient<br />
to measured data.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Thermal Displacement Ventilation in Metals Refining Operations<br />
to Control Metallic Dust and Fume Exposures<br />
W. Mele, C. Strode, D. Hall and R. Strode; Chemistry & Industrial<br />
Hygiene, Inc., Wheat Ridge, CO<br />
The first priority in controlling airborne contaminants in industrial settings is the<br />
institution of engineering controls. These typically include local exhaust ventilation<br />
(LEV) utilizing low volumes of exhaust air with high velocity entrainment<br />
and capture, and, when the application does not lend itself to LEV, general dilution<br />
ventilation (GDV). GDV usually requires large volumes of exhaust air and<br />
tempered make-up air to dilute contaminants making GDV both costly to furnish<br />
and install, and expensive to operate. An alternative to GDV is thermal displacement<br />
ventilation (TDV), which utilizes lower volumes of air to reduce worker exposures.<br />
In TDV, make-up air is delivered to the space at the floor level at a low<br />
temperature and velocity, allowing the air to naturally rise toward the ceiling in a<br />
piston flow manner. This air movement effectively pushes contaminants upward<br />
and away from the workers breathing zone, exhausting contaminants at the upper<br />
levels of the space. The discussion will present the application of TDV in metals<br />
refining to reduce employee exposures while minimizing total exhaust flow rates,<br />
and will discuss the possible uses and pitfalls of this technique.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
A Case Study Discussing Analysis of DPM Data for Underground<br />
Barrick Mines in Nevada<br />
A. Rai; Barrick Turquoise Ridge Inc., Winnemucca, NV<br />
This paper provides an overview of the current use of DPM filters for Barrick underground<br />
metal mines in Nevada and understand the requirement for diesel exhaust<br />
gas dilution to justify permitted diesel equipment underground. The statistical<br />
analysis supported by modelling is highlighted using equipment hours and<br />
horse power. Overall equipment utilization factors were obtained from existing<br />
mine data or extrapolated from data at other similar Barrick operations. These<br />
factors were used to determine the overall mine air volume requirements. The impact<br />
of installing DPM filters and using Biodisel on the Haulage Trucks and<br />
LHDs was also investigated for each option.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
A Case Study Discussing Analysis of DPM Data for Underground<br />
Barrick Mines in Nevada<br />
A. Rai; Barrick Turquoise Ridge Inc., Winnemucca, NV<br />
This paper provides an overview of the current use of DPM filters for Barrick underground<br />
metal mines in Nevada and understand the requirement for diesel exhaust<br />
gas dilution to justify permitted diesel equipment underground. The statistical<br />
analysis supported by modelling is highlighted using equipment hours and<br />
horse power. Overall equipment utilization factors were obtained from existing<br />
mine data or extrapolated from data at other similar Barrick operations. These<br />
factors were used to determine the overall mine air volume requirements. The impact<br />
of installing DPM filters and using Biodisel on the Haulage Trucks and<br />
LHDs was also investigated for each option.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
Design and Construction of the 3,700 kW (5,000 HP) No. 5 Shaft<br />
Main Exhaust Fans at Henderson Mine<br />
D. Loring 1 and J. Gillon 2 ; 1 formerly of Freeport McMoRan Copper<br />
and Gold, Lakewood, CO and 2 Freeport McMoRan Copper & Gold,<br />
Empire, CO<br />
The Climax Molybdenum Companys Henderson Mine, owned by Freeport<br />
McMoRan Copper & Gold, is a large panel caving molybdenum mine located 69<br />
km west of Denver, Colorado, currently producing approximately 31,750 tonnes<br />
per day. In late 2010, the mine commissioned two parallel vane-axial 3,700 kW<br />
(5,000 HP) surface exhaust fans as part of a major main mine ventilation upgrade.<br />
The fans, provided by TLT Babcock, included features such as sound attenuators<br />
to reduce noise, VFDs and design modifications to reduce energy consumption<br />
and minimize the risk of stall. Construction of the foundation was<br />
completed in 2008, while the majority of the fan construction and final commissioning<br />
was completed in 2010. This paper describes the design, features, and<br />
construction of the mine fans that now provide main exhaust ventilation to<br />
Henderson Mine, as well as the final conversion sequence to the new fan system.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
54<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
4:25 PM<br />
A Ventilation Concept for a Steep Immersed Tunnel in<br />
Hazardous Situation<br />
W. Heiser, S. Ravipati and N. Gidda; TADKA, Karlaruhe, Germany<br />
A ventilation concept used for the hazardous situation in a steep immersed road<br />
tunnel of 1 km length in Limerick, Ireland. The tunnel geometry shows a two<br />
bore directional tunnel with emergency doors from one bore to the next to allow<br />
escaping during pollution with exhaust gas or fire gases. The investigations for<br />
the ventilation development were done using CFD simulations (Ansys CFX).<br />
The CAD work for the model design of the tunnel was done with Catia V5 TAD<br />
as a consulting office for aerodynamic simulations was involved in creating a ventilation<br />
system for both the cases: 1) normal operation with standard ventilation<br />
specifications 2) hazardous situations, burning trucks, cars, escape scenarios for<br />
persons inside the tunnel after vacating their cars. TAD developed longitudinal<br />
ventilation based on a Saccardo nozzle with separate hardware buildings on each<br />
side of the tunnel. The main challenge of the ventilation system was given by the<br />
high gradient of the tunnel. The required air mass flow should be induced<br />
through the Saccardo nozzle and should enter the tunnel bore, so that the polluted<br />
air could be forced out to the opposite side of the tunnel.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology Innovations in open Pit Mining<br />
Production Systems<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
L. Clark, Newmont Mining Corporation,<br />
Greenwood Village, CO<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Trends in Control and Power Technologies and Its Impact for<br />
Mineral Recovery Rates<br />
F. Mielli 1 and R. Marrill 2 ; 1 Schneider Electric, Alpharetta, GA and<br />
2<br />
Schneider Electric, Denver, CO<br />
Mining is a complex and intensive industry. Extracting raw material from the<br />
earth crust with different shapes, sizes, chemistry and transform them to a standardized<br />
and hi quality final product is a big process challenge - Also it involves<br />
huge material movement, scheduling, synchronization and tracking in large scale<br />
If the above is not enough, the mining industry is facing unprecedented challenges:<br />
Decline of mineral grade and reserves, cost escalation for new developments<br />
and modernization, regulations, safety, lack of skilled people and market<br />
uncertainty became the new constant. From the statements above it is clear the<br />
process control and power role and its importance in the recovery rates the mine<br />
will achieve. The objective of this paper is to provide a quick vision about the future<br />
trends and evolutions in technology related to these fields and their impact to<br />
the mineral recovery in mining world. The paper will cover trends in information<br />
systems, reporting systems, energy management and efficiency, communications,<br />
process control, plant integration and other control technologies and how these<br />
technologies are aligned to address current industry challenges.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Recent Advances from Mine to Port<br />
D. Fisk; Mining Solutions, Honeywell Advanced Solutions, Toronto,<br />
ON, Canada<br />
Recent improvements in mine production mangement applications provide more<br />
accurate and timely tracking of inventories, quality and location of stockpiles. 3D<br />
stockpile analysis introduces new accruary to stockpile tracking.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Mobile and Semi-mobile IPCC Systems in Deep Open Pit Mines –<br />
A General Study<br />
M. Kressner; TAKRAF Chile S.A., Santiago, Chile<br />
In-Pit Crushing and Conveying (IPCC) systems provide attractive key features<br />
such as superior energy efficiency, high automation level, long lifetime and low<br />
labor demand. Associated effects are low operating costs and significant reductions<br />
of safety risks. The use of electric energy and the application of dust sup-<br />
pression and collection techniques make IPCC systems clean and environmentally<br />
friendly. The presented study analyzed general application aspects of IPCC<br />
technology in deep open pits. The concept of the study was to test different IPCC<br />
equipment setups and operation modes on an ideal mine model and operation scenarios<br />
which represent average conditions in large surface copper mines. The analyzed<br />
IPCC equipment setups include semi-mobile and fully mobile crushing<br />
units. Within the consideration of different operation modes the exclusive transport<br />
of waste material by the IPCC system was compared with the requirements<br />
of selective mining operations. As part of the study economic indicators were<br />
evaluated and compared, such as break-even points by year of operation and by<br />
mine depth as well as the results of sensitivity analysis for the key cost parameters.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Holistic Production Management to Reduce Production Bottlenecks<br />
M. Kahraman and S. Dessureault; Mining and Geological<br />
Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
In operations management, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) related to the<br />
mine plan and coordination of the production schedule will be analyzed on a<br />
daily, weekly, or quarterly basis to assess adherence to the mine plan, often with<br />
the assumption that the original capacities designed into the processes in the<br />
value chain were balanced (i.e. fragmentation keeps-up with loading which<br />
keeps-up with haulage, etc.). Modern systems allow this process to be managed<br />
in real-time allowing for bottlenecks to be continuously cleared at a tactical level.<br />
Tracking the maximum capacities of each process using historical records will<br />
help identify true bottlenecks as well as set long-term capacities; while tracking<br />
real-time flows of each process will help decision makers identify the bottlenecks<br />
and set the short term strategy to minimize the impact of the barrier. This paper<br />
discusses the development of a new information-rich algorithmic approach for<br />
the automated identification of historical and real-time bottlenecks in the operations.<br />
It also discusses the practical application in an integrated control room environment,<br />
monitoring a very large surface coal mine.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Proximity Detection – PPE for Equipment<br />
P. Wan 1 and T. Ruff 2 ; 1 Applied Research & Technology, Teck<br />
Resources, TRAIL, BC, Canada and 2 SAFEmine Technology,<br />
Oakland, CA<br />
Vehicle collisions are a major source of equipment damage, lost productivity and<br />
even personnel injury or death in open-pit mining. Teck Resources is introducing<br />
technology to raise operator awareness of their surroundings and minimize vehicle<br />
to vehicle contact incidents. The SAFEmine Traffic Awareness systems is one<br />
component of an overall solution to meet Tecks functional requirements. The<br />
SAFEmine System was trialed at Line Creek to evaluate effectiveness in the difficult<br />
conditions seen at this operation. Closed environment tests were performed<br />
as well as a 6- week field trial of the system. The trial commenced with an OFF<br />
phase where baseline data was gathered,followed by an ON phase to see how operator<br />
behavior was affected by the systems active alarms. Data collected<br />
throughout the trial was interpreted to determine what effect the SAFEmine system<br />
had on site safety. Areas of interest were speeding, following too close, light<br />
vehicle to heavy vehicle interactions and heavy to heavy vehicle interactions.<br />
Trial success was based on factors including GPS accuracy, system reliability, intelligent<br />
alarming, system usability, and overall site improvement.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Bring New Life to Your Electric Shovel!<br />
P. Spels; ABB Inc, New Berlin, WI<br />
Equipment obsolescence is a challenge when maintaining long-lived mining<br />
equipment, such as electric rope shovels and draglines. When the mining machinery<br />
has a life expectancy of more than 15-20 years an overall or partial electrical<br />
system replacement can bring improved availability and productivity to the machine<br />
along with energy efficiency and power quality benefits. A customer in central<br />
Alabama replaced its obsolete drives and controls on a rope shovel with ABB<br />
AC Mining drive technology resulting in operational and energy saving benefits.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
Evolution of Blasting Practices at Dragon Products Company<br />
Quarry Operation, Maine, USA<br />
K. Boakye 1 and D. Scarpato 2 ; 1 Mining Department, Dragon Products<br />
Company, Waldoboro, ME and 2 Rock Mechanics, Harley & Aldrich,<br />
Inc., Bedford, NH<br />
This paper presents the results of a review of historic blast design practices with<br />
respect to the recently improved blasting practices at the Dragon Quarry<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
55<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Operation, along with the results from two different blast design vibration monitoring<br />
programs. The reason for modification was to increase production volume<br />
per shot, and decrease highwall instability. A vibration monitoring program was<br />
undertaken to investigate PPV and relate the data to the blastability of the jointed<br />
onsite rock mass, utilizing the relationship between PPV and dynamic stress and<br />
strain. The Dragon Quarry Operation has historically been using a 6-in. diameter,<br />
14-ft by 14-ft production blast pattern, with blast holes loaded manually using<br />
cartridged explosive products. Within the past year, the quarry introduced a 6-in<br />
diameter, 16-ft by 16-ft production blasting pattern, making use of pre-mixed<br />
truck-loaded bulk emulsion/ANFO blends. This paper summarizes the results of<br />
blast design modifications, the monitoring data gathered to date for the two different<br />
blast designs, and describes how production blasting and excavation at the<br />
Dragon Quarry has benefited from such modifications.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology Innovations in underground<br />
Mining Production Systems<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
H. Wang, Newmont Mining, Aurora, CO<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Underground Mine Plan and Optimization with Interactions to<br />
Open Pit Mining an Integrated Scheduling Problem-and-Solution<br />
H. Wang; Newmont Mining Co., Greenwood Village, CO<br />
Underground mining with interactions to open pit production adds another dimension<br />
to the complexity of mine planning, especially for the underground long<br />
term mine scheduling. Two approaches to solve this problem will be discussed in<br />
this paper. The conventional processes is to design OP and UG separately with<br />
different design and optimization tools, run multiple scenarios and select the one<br />
that will potentially generate the highest value. The interaction between OP and<br />
UG, which could have positive or negative impact on each other, sometimes cannot<br />
be fully calculated. A new process proposed here is to build a UG + OP<br />
model, treat them as one project and seek optimal solutions with linear programming<br />
tools such as CPLEX. Newmont projects including Herradura in Mexico<br />
and Subika in Ghana will be presented as cases studies.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Underground Mine Production Schedule Optimization with<br />
Ventilation Requirements<br />
A. Brickey 1 and A. Newman 2 ; 1 Dept. of Mining Engineering,<br />
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO and 2 Division of Economics<br />
and Business, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
Underground mines have been subjected to increasing restrictions on diesel particulate<br />
matter associated with the exhaust produced by the internal combustion engines<br />
of diesel-fueled mining equipment. We present ideas on developing a mixed<br />
integer nonlinear optimization model to determine an activity based production<br />
schedule and ventilation quantities for a large-scale underground gold mine. The<br />
objective is to maximize discounted metal extraction based on various constraints<br />
including physical precedence, production requirements, and ventilation restrictions.<br />
We expect the results to provide a realistic production schedule that will assist<br />
in maintaining diesel particulate matter levels below regulatory limits.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Incorporating Semi-autonomous Mucking into a Working Mine<br />
J. Rahn; Newmont, Elko, NV<br />
The presentation will provide an overview of the Caterpillar semi-autonomous<br />
mucking system. It will also discuss the challenges associated with adapting an already<br />
developed mine to new technology that was not initially planned for.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Challenges from Jackleg to Mechanized Bolter for Narrow<br />
Vein Mining<br />
A. Rai; Barrick Turquoise Ridge Inc., Winnemucca, NV<br />
The Turquoise Ridge Mine at present is an underground mine utilizing the underhand<br />
cut-and-fill mining method or box stoping due to the relatively low rock<br />
quality in the ore. (Ref-ARMA 12-288) The majority of our production is based<br />
on underhand cut and fill, or box stoping methods. In the underhand cut and fill<br />
method, the ore is initially mined out in 3m x 3m (10W x 10H) or 3m x 3.7m (10<br />
W x12H) panels called topcuts. Drifting is normally completed using jacklegdrilling<br />
techniques with excavation by conventional drill and blast or by underground<br />
LHD. Jackleg often expose the miner to unsupported face and potential<br />
safety concern. The paper will share the challenges and results of a Small mechanized<br />
jumbos tested to eliminate the use of jacklegs, and to minimize workers at<br />
the face of the drift. In very weak ground, excavation is often completed by<br />
mucking for advance without drilling and blasting.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Mining ROI Improvement Opportunity<br />
A. MacKenzie and N. Fung; Consulting Studies Group, Tetratech,<br />
Toronto, ON, Canada<br />
The simplest way to optimize return on investment (ROI) is to reduce mine life.<br />
The authors explore alternative and proven industrial techniques that if applied<br />
to mining in North America could improve reserve recovery times. When North<br />
American material handling practices were compared to a well proven European<br />
technology the European technology consistently demonstrated superior results.<br />
Projects suitable to the technology include mines of more than 1,600 tpd production<br />
and less than 1000m in depth or shaft limited or ventilation constrained.<br />
Projects with ore dipping between 20 and 55 degrees seem to have the greatest<br />
ROI improvements. Mines with poor ground find the MMT interesting due to its<br />
small profile as will mines that have long lives and are squeezed for sustaining<br />
capital. The MMT tradeoff success is based on this technologys high level of<br />
safety, low maintenance, high reliability, electric or diesel suitability, roof suspension<br />
and narrow profile. This paper will describe the ROI implications as a comparative<br />
analysis between Shafts, Conveyors, Trucks and Monorails. North<br />
American operations already betting on the technology will also be discussed.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Integrating Automation Technologies in Underground Mines<br />
D. Dormer; Newmont Mining, Greenwood Village, CO<br />
The underground mining environment has many challenges due to its cyclical<br />
nature which result. Significant time losses are experienced around blasting practices<br />
and personnel deployment which result in a relatively poor capital efficiency<br />
of the mine. Automation technologies provide a tool for addressing these losses<br />
however the uptake of these technologies has been limited and their real potential<br />
not realized. The most positive improvements in underground automation have<br />
centered on the loaders for stope mucking and long-hole auto drill functions.<br />
These technologies have also been limited as they only target unit automation<br />
and do not interact with other automation technologies. The real gains of automation<br />
are realized in interfacing the unit automation (current and future) into<br />
a full automation system however current consensus has viewed this as an unviable<br />
proposition for the majority of mines due to the perceived cost. Is essence<br />
the problem has been trying to fit automation and technology to our current way<br />
of thinking, rather than adjusting our thinking to make a full automation system<br />
a cost effective reality.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
Underground Mine Planning – Scheduling Software –<br />
Opportunities in Planning and Reconcilliation<br />
R. Kintzel; Newmont Mining, Greenwood Village, CO<br />
There have been a number of new software tools developed for Underground that<br />
can improve the time and versitility of the planning and scheduling tasks. These<br />
include faster stope creation tools like Mineable Shape Optimiser ‘MSO’ to more<br />
powerful planning tools like Deswik design and scheduling software. This discussion<br />
will centre around how these tools were used within a given project to maximise<br />
option analysis and minimise scheduling time and changes. However the<br />
possibilities for some of these tools is endless. For instance we can potentially not<br />
just produce better plans for where we are going in the mine design, but also keep<br />
track of where we have been with real data. This could potentially improve reconcilliation<br />
understanding. Better flow process between long, medium and short<br />
term planners could be developed where new design is added to long term plans<br />
with actual new up to date shapes incorperated into the plan. Much of the current<br />
software used fails to bridge the gap between these planning time spans to<br />
truely intergrate the mine plan from conceptual to actual.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
56<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
research: advances in Geometallurgy<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
chairs: A. Samal, Rio Tinto, Riverton, UT<br />
M. Singh, Singh Associates, LLC, Scottsdale, AZ<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Geomet: The Platform for Life-of-Project Evaluation<br />
K. Olson Hoal 1 and J. Jackson 2 ; 1 JKTech Pty Ltd, Denver, CO and<br />
2<br />
JKTech Pty Ltd, Indooroopilly, QLD, Australia<br />
Geomet provides the overarching platform for Life-of-Project evaluations, which<br />
involve the analysis of key components of an operation where value can be improved<br />
via audit or review. Mine-to-Mill and Mine-to-Plant implementations, for<br />
example, are effective in integrating the mine and plant from blasting to flotation<br />
for enhancing the key elements of throughput and recovery. Similarly, the Triad<br />
approach to waste management integrates site characterization, remediation, and<br />
closure through planning strategies. Both of these approaches integrate parts of<br />
the value chain for more effective management of internal costs, schedules and<br />
product. Geomet, on the other hand, provides the orebody knowledge for the entire<br />
life-of-project process, for which understanding the impacts of variability is<br />
critical for prediction and forecasting. As the platform integrator, geomet bolts together<br />
other unit approaches and allows us to identify and manage the drivers for<br />
extraction and remediation, enabling a level of risk reduction across operations.<br />
The key component of geomet is effective orebody characterisation, and is<br />
demonstrated for copper and gold projects in the Americas.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Geometallurgy for a Two Recovery Process Operation Cripple<br />
Creek and Victor Gold Mine, Colorado<br />
S. Leichliter and D. Larson; AngloGold Ashanti, Victor, CO<br />
Cripple Creek and Victor Gold Mine is an epithermal gold deposit located in the<br />
Rocky Mountains in Colorado. Surface operations are continuing along with an<br />
expansion for an onsite mill to take place in the next couple of years. The surface<br />
pit is currently progressing downward from an oxidized zone into a transitional,<br />
more sulfide zone. Gold mineralization includes native gold, electrum, and tellurides.<br />
Cyanide heap leaching is the recovery process for the oxidized ore with<br />
the sulfide ore processed at the new onsite mill. Ore characterization prior to<br />
mining is vital when there are two possible recovery processes. This characterization<br />
is dependent on geometallurgy. To identify the causes of the variability, multiple<br />
parameters are analyzed and assayed. These parameters are measured by a<br />
variety of analytical testwork. The analytical testwork provides measurements for<br />
the desired parameters. Geometallurgical models are developed for the parameters<br />
per recovery process, so estimations can be inserted into the resource model<br />
to optimize operations and recoveries.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Using Geometallurgical Models to Aid in Variability and Recovery<br />
Testwork for Pre-feasibility Projects, La Colosa, Colombia<br />
S. Leichliter 1 and R. Jahoda 2 ; 1 AngloGold Ashanti, Victor, CO and<br />
2<br />
AngloGold Ashanti Colombia, Bogota, Colombia<br />
The La Colosa, Colombia porphyry gold deposit is currently in the pre-feasibility<br />
stage. This large deposit has many types of gold mineralization, native gold, electrum,<br />
and tellurides. These variations in the gold mineralization lead to variability<br />
in the gold recovery. The final process flowsheet may include gravity concentration<br />
with cyanide leaching. Metallurgical testwork is utilized to identify the<br />
zones of ore that may be problematic to recover. To help select the samples that<br />
represent the fluctuating variability zones, geometallurgical models are constructed<br />
using mineralogy and geology data. These zones are then wireframed<br />
and compared to the geological and structural models for spatial correlation.<br />
Samples for the variability testwork will be selected from these different zones to<br />
identify and analyse the effect the different gold mineralization types have on the<br />
recovery. By using geometallurgy to aid in the sample selection for metallurgical<br />
testwork, the variability in the ore body can be understood and constrained to aid<br />
in process optimization.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Evaluation and Isolation of Trace Mineral Particles by Dual Energy<br />
Rapid Scan Radiography<br />
T. Tserendagva, C. Hsieh, C. Lin and J. Miller; Metallurgical<br />
Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Theory and procedures are described for the evaluation and isolation of trace<br />
mineral particles from sample populations by dual energy (DE) rapid scan radiography.<br />
Particulate samples are split into narrow size fractions, each size fraction<br />
distributed/assembled on projection plates, and then the radiography projection<br />
of the plates collected at two energy levels (DE analysis). In this way, for<br />
example, more than 200,000 particles (250x150 micron in size) can be interrogated<br />
in less than one hour, particles containing high density mineral phases<br />
identified, and composition estimated. In addition, rapid scan radiography can<br />
be used for the examination of drill core samples, tailings samples, or any other<br />
particulate sample containing trace mineral particles.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
Sustainability<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
M. Singh, Singh Assoc LLC, Scottsdale, AZ<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Development of the Greenness Index: A Holistic Evaluation of<br />
Mining Reagents<br />
C. Lo 1 , P. Somasundaran 1 , R. Farinato 2 and D. Nagaraj 2 ; 1 Earth and<br />
Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY<br />
and 2 Mining, Cytec Industries, Stamford, CT<br />
Many chemical companies have adopted the Twelve Principles of Green<br />
Chemistry and have developed rankings tools to assess sustainability of their products<br />
and operations. Mining companies have adopted ICMMs 10 Principles as a<br />
means for evaluating their sustainable development efforts; however, there are no<br />
specific means of by which the impact of chemicals in their processes can be<br />
quantified. There has yet to be an established and effective Greenness Index for<br />
mineral processing operations. Our approach is to develop a Greenness Index to<br />
quantify the impact of chemicals in a more comprehensive way. Additionally our<br />
objective is to integrate the Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry and ICMMs 10<br />
principles for Sustainable Mining Development into this Greenness Index. We intend<br />
to take a systems approach to establish a metric for sustainability based on<br />
constructing and combining Greenness Metrics for each unit process in the plant<br />
operation, thereby holistically evaluating the overall mineral operation process.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
iSustain: A Data Warehouse for Sustainable Resource<br />
Development Analyses<br />
M. Poulton and P. Mather; Lowell Institute for Mineral Resources,<br />
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
We have built a dynamic data warehouse, iSustain, which aids in understanding<br />
the complexities of sustainable materials production, from social license to operate<br />
to community well-being, to supply risk. The iSustain data warehouse and related<br />
tools and analytical framework is a significant aid in analyzing the global<br />
impacts and tradeoffs in providing critical and important minerals. iSustain data<br />
warehouse supports a diverse group of researchers and policy analysts with the<br />
strategic goal of making more data available to more people. The warehouse contains<br />
data on resources and reserves for all commodities tracked by the USGS,<br />
along with worldwide financial, socioeconomic, cultural, ecological, climatic<br />
data, and more. Analyses can be statistical or map based. The data warehouse<br />
can support a wide range of queries from an analysis of supply risk for a suite of<br />
minerals used in a new cell phone to identifying predictive factors for social license<br />
to operate, or detailed studies of economic impact of resource development<br />
at a county level.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Predictors of a Social License to Operate<br />
C. John; College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
This project identifies key determinants of a social license to operate (SOL), and<br />
attempts to quantitatively predict a communitys acceptance of a company and its<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
57<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
local venture. Social risk and community acceptance have historically been considered<br />
intangible concepts, yet the relationship between community and company<br />
can considerably impact the outcome of a project. Through a review of literature<br />
and case studies, we identified four key clusters of determinants of<br />
opposition , to borrow a term from Stanford University Professor Ryan J. Orr, that<br />
influence a SOL. The four clusters are: Indigenous Populations, Societal<br />
Structure, Trust, and Environmental and Social Impact. To test the hypothesis<br />
that the determinants of opposition can accurately predict the reception of a SOL<br />
in a specific region, we will use a regression analysis on existing data sets from<br />
sources such as the World Bank, OECD, and UN that are loaded into the<br />
University of Arizonas iSustain Data Warehouse. This analysis will enable us to<br />
rate a specific region from worst (withholding an SOL) to best (project co-ownership);<br />
a useful rating to a mining company during project development.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Nature Friendly Sustainability: Mining<br />
M. Javier; EnviroMINE, Denver, CO<br />
This is a concept paper for a nature friendly definition of sustainability aiming to<br />
extend the longevity of mankind, a critical first step for the protection of nature<br />
and mankind. It is an important responsible first step in creating a healthy sustainability<br />
concept that, when implemented, extends the longevity of mankind by<br />
the most efficient use of the finite resources on this limited Planet Earth, it will affect<br />
the designs of engineered structures and revolutionize the recovery methods<br />
and processing of natural resources, such as mineral resources, for human consumption<br />
in the most efficient manner of nature. All the while is taking into consideration<br />
the increase in anthropogenic activities due to exponential human population<br />
growth. Finally, this paper intends to stimulate critical thinking and<br />
which initiate serious discussions aiming at producing general consensuses for<br />
the best definition for human society to not only enrich, but to extend its existence.<br />
It is food for thought. Thus, the spirit of this new definition is pro future<br />
generations and environment, and aims to be most efficient in terms of natural resource<br />
utilization.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Social License and Mineral Economics: New Modeling Approaches<br />
P. Rogers, S. Dessureault, M. Poulton and P. Hiol; University of<br />
Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
Historically, mineral economic theory was developed on macro-level data to<br />
study the impacts of supply policy decisions. This approach does not fully take<br />
into account societal pressures and political complexities inherent in modern development.<br />
Stakeholders can directly impact a project more than ever.<br />
Sustainable mineral development must incorporate complexities like social license<br />
into future economic modeling. Fortunately, the modern information age<br />
can facilitate more robust economic models through advanced data flows.<br />
Descriptive indicators of stakeholders can be found and used in predictive models<br />
used to test economics theories. We present an initial study which emphasizes<br />
more granular and comprehensive data to establish and test theories related to<br />
natural resource based economies. A brief case study is presented on per capita<br />
income growth and education investment in Wyoming. We refute the findings of<br />
an economic study in the US about the resource curse by expanding the studys<br />
time horizon and scope of variables. A brief discussion is also given on other data<br />
flows and modeling approaches.<br />
younG LeaderS SeSSIon<br />
2:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
Young Leaders will be presenting a program that will relate to the student engineer,<br />
the young professional, and the experienced person. These sessions will entail<br />
different perspectives on professional development and guidance, communications<br />
training, legacy of knowledge, and other pertinent information as it<br />
applies to mining engineering and associated fields.<br />
Innovation in Metallurgical Processing Symposium<br />
Keynote SeSSIon<br />
& recePtIon<br />
5:00 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
(Reception is a Ticketed Event)<br />
What Drives Innovation?<br />
Barney Guarnera, Broadlands Mineral Advisory Services Ltd.<br />
Historical Perspective of Innovation<br />
in the Minerals Industry<br />
Martin Kuhn, Minerals Advisory Group<br />
History of Innovations in Extractive Metallurgy<br />
Fathi Habashi, Universite Laval<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Geology: exploration health and Safety<br />
2:30 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
chairs: C. Dreesbach, Micon International, Helena, MT<br />
C. Spencer, AMEC Mining & Metals, Sparks, NV<br />
J. Olsen, Barrick Gold, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Using GPS Technology as a Way to Mitigate Safety Risks on<br />
Greenfield Exploration Sites<br />
J. Melfi; Freeport-McMoRan Copper and Gold, Phoenix, AZ<br />
Some of the top risks associated with exploration Greenfield operations include,<br />
vehicle travel, helicopter travel and civil unrest. A natural disaster such as earthquake,<br />
landslide or forest fire can also occur unpredictably. There is always the<br />
potential for vehicle breaks down in a remote area or adverse weather moves in<br />
and an aircraft fails to pick you up. GPS technology has given us the ability to locate<br />
missing persons, track vehicles and map out emergency routes in advance all<br />
of which can make these extreme situations more bearable. The new devices also<br />
come equipped with emergency panic buttons and texting options which allow<br />
for communication even when other forms of communication fail.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
A Case Study on the Adoption of a Fatigue Risk Management<br />
<strong>Program</strong> at Remote Exploration Sites<br />
J. Olsen and T. Chism; Barrick Gold, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Long rosters and working hours in remote exploration settings may increase the<br />
risk of incidents associated with worker fatigue. This presentation focuses on a<br />
pilot project conducted at a remote ‘fly-in/fly-out’ camp in Zambia to examine<br />
the feasibility of implementing specific controls measures designed to reduce the<br />
effect of fatigue on exploration workers.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Health Hazard Recognition and Control in Remote<br />
Exploration Sites<br />
J. Olsen 1 and R. Barbour 2 ; 1 Barrick Gold, Salt Lake City, UT and<br />
2<br />
Corporate Health & Safety, Barrick Gold, Toronto, ON, Canada<br />
Significant health hazards can occur in remote exploration sites in the developing<br />
world. Proprer identification and evaluation of risk along with the application of<br />
practical approaches to expeditions and remote camp settings can reduce the risk<br />
of illness and other health related events.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
58<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
3:05 PM<br />
E3 Plus Excellence in Health & Safety: The EHS e-Toolkit<br />
J. Olsen 1 and B. Mercer 2 ; 1 Barrick Gold, Salt Lake City, UT and<br />
2<br />
Exploration, Avalon Rare Metals, Toronto, ON, Canada<br />
The E3 Plus program provides off-the-shelf guidelines for Junior exploration<br />
companies which are designed to be incorporated directly as Corporate policy.<br />
The adherence rate for the Canadian Junior exploration companies is well over<br />
60%, with the US companies lagging far behind.Recently, universities in Canada<br />
have begun to adhere to the E3 Plus principles in their curriculums. The excellence<br />
in Health & Safety (EHS) e-toolkit addresses General Safety Principles,<br />
Emergency Response, Survival, Weather & Environmental Risks and much<br />
more. This sessionwill present a case study on success using the EHS e-Toolkit.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Thoughts and Considerations for an Exploration<br />
Health & Safety <strong>Program</strong><br />
C. Spencer; AMEC Mining & Metals, Sparks, NV<br />
Mineral exploration is often performed in remote environments away from the<br />
typical support infrastructure common to mining and therefore has different<br />
safety requirements. The projects are often hours, or sometimes days, away from<br />
urban environments with definitive medical care. Many of the field staff are<br />
young and new to working remotely in the field and their experience can present<br />
an additional layer of challenges. The demographic often comprising experienced<br />
management also calls for some special considerations when developing a<br />
health and safety program.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
The PDAC Health & Safety Pocket Guide<br />
W. Mercer 1 , K. Mulchinock 2 and C. Mitchell 3 ; 1 Exploration, Avalon<br />
Rare Metals Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada; 2 PDAC, Toronto, ON,<br />
Canada and 3 Consultant, Vancouver, BC, Canada<br />
Canada is leading the world in the scale and dynamism of the exploration industry<br />
developments. The PDAC aims to ensure that the exploration industry adopts<br />
consistent and robust risk management to prevent and mitigate significant health<br />
and safety (H&S) hazards for field workers. The PDAC Pocket Guide is aimed at<br />
providing an overview and insight into the strategic safety risks that field workers<br />
have a responsibility to address. It evolved from the 784 page H&S Toolkit available<br />
from the E3 Plus website. The Pocket Guide has 116 pages printed on special<br />
water resistant paper. Whilst prevention must always be the primary focus the<br />
guidelines are for field workers so they can properly and responsibly prevent and<br />
manage (1) the most common field injuries, which are slips and falls, and injuries<br />
caused by the improper use of tools, and (2) accidents and fatalities associated<br />
with field transportation, especially helicopters and vehicles (including all-terrain<br />
vehicles). The presentation will focus on the development and content of the<br />
PDAC Field Safety Pocket Guide, its importance for the mineral exploration industry<br />
and how companies can use it as part of their H&S strategy.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
The PDAC-AMEBC <strong>Annual</strong> Health & Safety Survey<br />
W. Mercer 1 , K. Mulchinock 2 and J. Buchanan 3 ; 1 Exploration, Avalon<br />
Rare Metals Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada; 2 PDAC, Toronto, ON,<br />
Canada and 3 AME BC, Vancouver, BC, Canada<br />
The Canadian Mineral Exploration Health & Safety Survey conducted by the<br />
Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada and the Association for<br />
Mineral Exploration British Columbia is the single survey that measures safety<br />
performance across 12 provincial and territorial jurisdictions in Canada. The survey<br />
gathers data covering the range of health and safety (H&S) incidents. The<br />
survey has been completed for 6 years with over 1,300 incident descriptions. The<br />
survey enables a understanding of the causes of exploration H&S incidents. This<br />
is supplemented by a 31 year database of fatalities, with basic information on<br />
causes. For 2012, the PDAC and AMEBC are seeking ways to increase participation<br />
in a voluntary survey that doubles as an information collection mechanism<br />
for the Safe Day Everyday Award and Safe Day Everyday Gold Award. The presentation<br />
will give an overview of the survey as well as insights into the lessons<br />
that companies can learn from its results. The survey data is a valuable key input<br />
for the risk analysis that any company should undertake prior to any exploration<br />
field program.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Geology: Geomechanics<br />
2:30 PM • Monday, February 25<br />
P. Kulatilake, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Evaluation of Temperature Effect on P-wave Velocity, UCS and<br />
Elasticity Modulus of Rocks, Using Newly Developed Apparatus<br />
M. Sharifzadeh 1 , J. Ashrafi 2 and A. Modiriasari 1 ; 1 Department of<br />
Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of<br />
Technology (AUT), Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran and 2 Faculty of<br />
Mining Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz,<br />
Islamic Republic of Iran<br />
Instabilities occurred as a result of climate changes caused to investigate the rock<br />
behavior dependency to temperature changes, in this paper. In the natural earth<br />
condition, the phase transition of pore water has known to be the most effective<br />
factor causing different rocks mechanical properties due to temperature changes.<br />
So, the temperature range of [-30, 30]∞C is selected in laboratory tests of this<br />
study. P-wave velocity, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and elasticity<br />
modulus of rocks at different temperatures are studied by developing a temperature<br />
adjusting apparatus. The tests were performed on three rock types. The results<br />
show that firstly, the temperature reduction and pore fluid freezing improves<br />
these rocks mechanical properties. Secondly, the dependency of rock properties<br />
to climate changes depends on the type and shape of its porosity as well as porosity<br />
percent. The improvement of rock mechanical properties in jointed rocks exceeds<br />
rocks with spherical pores. Finally, maximum changes in rocks properties<br />
occur at [-10, 0]∞C, which includes the phase transition of pore fluid.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
An Investigation of Grout Penetration Depth in Fractured Rocks<br />
M. Sharifzadeh 1 , A. Modiriasari 1 and J. Khani 2 ; 1 Department of<br />
Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of<br />
Technology, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran and 2 Soils Engineering<br />
Services (SES) Company, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran<br />
Grouting is mainly used to improve mechanical properties or decrease the permeability<br />
of rock mass around civil and mining projects. The purpose of this<br />
paper is to present the most effective factors on grout penetration depth in rock<br />
mass. Such factors are essential for reliable estimation of the grout penetration<br />
depth and the expense for cement take of any grouting project. In this paper,<br />
about 50 different types of the relations presented so far by various researchers to<br />
estimate the depth of penetration in fractured rock were studied. The effective<br />
factors are classified to rock mass properties, grout properties, and operational<br />
factors. <strong>Preliminary</strong> results show that firstly, the discontinuities aperture and<br />
Lugeon value are respectively the most investigated factors of rock mass properties<br />
influencing on penetration depth. Secondly, the yielding stress, viscosity, and<br />
density of grout are the most effective factors of grout properties. Finally, grouting<br />
pressure has an intense effect among other operational factors. The investigations<br />
were also verified in Siah Bishe dam case study.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Role of Gas Pressure in Underground Coal Mine Bursts<br />
W. Pariseau; Mining Engineering, University of Utah,<br />
Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Face and pillar bursts, bumps and bounces are violent failures that occur in underground<br />
coal mines in response to a complicated interplay of face and pillar<br />
geometry, seam depth, coal strength and moduli and interactions between roof,<br />
seam and floor strata. Additional complications arise from the presence of gas,<br />
mainly methane, and associated pressure and flow that vary with time and are influenced<br />
by the rate of face advance. A fully coupled hydro-mechanical finite element<br />
code, UTAH4, allows study of these interactions that determine stability<br />
during face. Face advance is often fast compared with gas flow and depressurization.<br />
Consequently, gas pressure is high at the face and strength is low at the face.<br />
If longwall is stationary, depressurization occurs at the face, effective stress and<br />
strength increase. However, quantitative analysis of a site-specific case involving<br />
a deep coal mine in central Utah shows that high stress concentration is likely to<br />
pose a threat to face and pillar wall stability regardless of gas pressure.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
59<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Application of Fuzzy Set Theory to RMR Classification System for<br />
Weak and Very Weak Rock Masses<br />
P. Roghanchi, R. Kallu and R. Thareja; Mining Engineering,<br />
University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV<br />
The Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system is an internationally recognized classification<br />
system that can be used for preliminary ground control design. Assigning a<br />
single value rather than a range to each parameter of RMR is a source of uncertainty.<br />
However, assigning a single value can be useful for further studies related<br />
to RMR ratings. Fuzzy systems have been successfully used in geotechnical and<br />
mining engineering problems to cope with uncertain data as well as vagueness. In<br />
such scenarios, linguistic rules and rating-based classification of rock masses have<br />
always been questionable. The objective of this study is to apply fuzzy set theory<br />
to the RMR classification system. Fuzzy system proposed in this study is specified<br />
for weak and very weak rock masses (RMR
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
primarily a waste material to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of concrete.<br />
The feedstock for the geopolymer-based concrete is mostly the non-metallic<br />
content of the F-type fly ash usually produced from the combustion of bituminous<br />
coal. It may be noted that more than 100 million tons of fly ash is produced<br />
in the U.S. each year; only half of which is being put to beneficial applications.<br />
The authors envision to extract some of the valuable metal oxides from fly ash<br />
and use the residual, which is about 80% of the original fly ash, as the feed material<br />
for the geopolymerization process. The results obtained from the geopolymer<br />
concrete study will be the subject matter of this paper.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Carbon Dioxide Capture with Oxy-Combustion Technology<br />
W. Morris; ADA Environmental Solutions, Highlands Ranch, CO<br />
There are three main technologies available for CO2 capture from coal combustion.<br />
They are pre-combustion integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC),<br />
oxy-fuel combustion, and post combustion capture. Oxy-fuel combustion is a<br />
promising technology that utilizes a combination of oxygen and recycled flue<br />
gas in the combustion environment in order to produce a highly concentrated<br />
stream of CO2 for capture. A review of the current state of the art in oxy-fuel<br />
combustion will be presented highlighting current demonstration efforts and<br />
technological hurdles. Furthermore, an examination of how coal quality affects<br />
the oxy-fuel process for mercury control, NOX, SOX, ash deposition, and ash<br />
handling will be presented in order to elucidate the affects of fuel chemistry on<br />
the oxy-fuel process.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Quantification of Long-term Risks for Geologic CO2 Sequestration<br />
Sites Through US DOEs National Risk Assessment Partnership<br />
(NRAP)<br />
R. Pawar; Earth & Environmental Sciences Division (EES-16),<br />
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM<br />
Injection and storage of CO2 in deep geologic formations is one of the technologies<br />
currently being explored and deployed to mitigate the increasing amount of<br />
anthropogenic CO2 into the atmosphere. One of the critical issues in effective,<br />
large-scale deployment of this technology is characterization of long-term risks.<br />
A comprehensive risk assessment approach provides the scientific basis for assessing<br />
residual risks associated with long-term stewardship as well as to help<br />
guide site operational decision making and risk management. The National Risk<br />
Assessment Partnership (NRAP) is a US-DOE effort focused on developing a defensible,<br />
science-based methodology and platform for quantifying risk profiles at<br />
geologic CO2 sequestration sites. Risk profiles provide a time evolution of the<br />
probability of a particular adverse impact, thereby allowing an assessment of the<br />
risk integrated over a period of time. This talk will give the results of risk profile<br />
quantification effort within NRAP and demonstrate their applicability.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Reducing Your Carbon Footprint With Filtration<br />
C. Bauer; Scientific and Laboratory Services (SLS), Pall Corporation,<br />
Port Washington, NY<br />
Contamination control through filtration is critical to ensuring a mine’s reliability<br />
and productivity. Stricter regulatory requirements in respect to a mine’s carbon<br />
footprint -the environmental impact of energy use- encourage operators to identify<br />
areas of improvement. How does filtration factor into this? When determining<br />
the environmental impact of filtration, operators must consider areas such as<br />
fluid consumption, waste disposal and energy costs. As a filter removes contamination,<br />
the differential pressure across the filter element increases and with it the<br />
pump’s energy usage. Longer filter element service life, and fewer change-outs<br />
over a period of time, will thus result in a lower energy requirement, which can be<br />
expressed in terms of CO2 emission equivalents. While the pump energy usage<br />
has the largest impact on the overall environmental impact, other factors such as<br />
filter element disposal and fluid losses during change-out must be considered. In<br />
this work, the author discusses an approach of quantifying the benefits of utilizing<br />
modern filtration by means of several case studies, including a mine fuel<br />
supply chain and large hydraulic shovels.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
The Impact of Climate Change Policies on the U.S. Coal Industry:<br />
Looking to the Future<br />
I. Miskovic; Mining Engineering, University of Utah,<br />
Salt Lake City, UT<br />
It is well recognized by policymakers, scientists, and stakeholders that implementation<br />
of climate change legislation in the U.S. can significantly increase uncertainties<br />
about the future of the domestic coal industry. Without development and<br />
implementation of novel clean coal technologies, such as carbon capture and sequestration<br />
and underground coal gasification, continued utilization of coal will<br />
face great opposition that can lead to significant decrease in coal consumption by<br />
the power generation industry and other industrial users. Falls in coal production<br />
will inevitably cause significant drop in coal mining employment and related direct<br />
and indirect revenues and expenditures. The central goal of this study is to<br />
investigate potential effects of different climate and energy policy scenarios on<br />
U.S. coal producers, electric utilities, and non-utility industrial coal users, over a<br />
long-term time horizon. The paper will summarize results from different scenario<br />
simulations performed with The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES)<br />
bottom-up partial equilibrium model, and assess effects of the implementation of<br />
new carbon abatement technologies on the long-term U.S. coal outlook.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Carbon Dioxide and Climate Change: A Review for the<br />
Coal Industry<br />
M. Mohanty 1 , X. Yang 2 and H. Akbari 3 ; 1 Mining Engineering, Southern<br />
Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL; 2 Mining Engineering,<br />
Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL and 3 Mining<br />
Engineering, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL<br />
The intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) reported that the global<br />
mean temperature has risen by 0.74 ±0.18 ∞C over the 100 year period starting<br />
1906. It also indicated that the concentration of atmospheric CO2 has increased<br />
from about 280 ppm to 379 ppm apparently due to the high use of fossil fuels that<br />
drove the industrialization over the same time period, all over the world.<br />
Numerous such studies claiming a link of atmospheric CO2 concentration to<br />
global warming have compared the earth’s temperature of only last 100 to 150<br />
years to the preindustrialization time. Many others, including the NIPCC (nongovernmental<br />
panel on climate change), by examining earth’s temperature over a<br />
much longer period of time, believe that the natural variations like that of solar<br />
activity, earth’s orbital changes and magnetic field variations as well as urban<br />
heat-island effect, deforestations and increasing human populations may have<br />
greater role in affecting the global climate. In this paper, we attempt to point out<br />
the key issues from both sides of the isle to assist the coal community in taking informed<br />
decisions for its continued survival/growth in future.<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
Mine environmental Issues<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
D. Elifrits, Northern Kentucky University,<br />
Highland Heights, KY<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Stability Analysis for Steep-slope Mines Reclaimed Using the<br />
Forestry Reclamation Approach<br />
D. Kumar 1 , J. Silva 2 and R. Sweigard 3 ; 1 Civil & Environmental Engg,<br />
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO; 2 Department of Mining<br />
Engg, University of Kentucky, Lexigton, KY and 3 Department of<br />
Mining Engg, University of Kentucky, Lexigton, KY<br />
The Forestry Reclamation Approach (FRA) specifies that the upper 1.22 m of<br />
material on the reclaimed surface should be left as uncompacted as possible to facilitate<br />
root growth. One of the main concerns about applying the FRA to steep<br />
slopes is that the upper 1.22 m of material could cause the reclaimed slopes to be<br />
unstable. Successful application of FRA on flat and rolling surfaces precipitated<br />
this investigation. Details of a field investigation conducted at a steep-slope mine<br />
are available in an earlier publication (Kumar and Sweigard, 2011). The stability<br />
analysis was conducted using classical limit equilibrium and finite elements<br />
methods. For limit equilibrium, the Rotational Equilibrium Analysis of<br />
Multilayered Earthworks (REAME) and Geo-Slope computer programs were<br />
used. In all computer programs, two kinds of analyses were done: with top 1.22<br />
m of loose material and without top loose material. Finally, the field investigation<br />
results were compared with stability analysis results. Both of these approaches<br />
showed that application of the FRA on steep slopes is not causing any<br />
significant instability problems that would not exist otherwise for overly steepened<br />
slopes.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
61<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Climate Change for Mine Planners: Some Fundamentals<br />
D. Williams; Bureau of Land Management, Butte, MT<br />
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change November 2011 and March<br />
2012 reports on Extreme Weather Events suggest that a wide variety of weather<br />
extremes will become more common with a changing climate. 2011 and 2012 in<br />
North America have featured an astonishing array of extreme storm and<br />
drought events. The standard disclaimer regarding individual weather events<br />
and climate change may still apply but the reality is the industry is making closure,<br />
reclamation, and drainage treatment predictions based on a historic climate<br />
that no longer exists. An example of an extreme weather event at a closed<br />
mine site will be evaluated. Possible implications of the extreme weather predictions<br />
for mine planners and abandoned mine sites will be discussed and some<br />
practical suggestions incorporating climate change into mine design, operations,<br />
and closure suggested.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Sustainability Information in Mining: Technologies and Process for<br />
Data Aggregation, Management, and Reporting – A Case Study<br />
J. Hoekstra 2 and F. Mielli 1 ; 1 Schneider Electric, Alpharetta, GA and<br />
2<br />
Summit Energy / Schneider Electric, Boulder, CO<br />
Given the complex regulatory and financial pressures placed upon the mining industry<br />
with regard to issues such as air / water quality,emissions and energy efficiency,<br />
most organizations need to be equipped with the proper subject matter expertise<br />
to be able to manage this process. In addition when it comes to data<br />
collection,management,and reporting on key corporate energy and sustainability<br />
metrics such as greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions,there is often a lack of human<br />
resource capacity, data collection processes, accountability and tools available<br />
within the organization to respond to these pressures. With varying reporting<br />
protocols such as EPA MRR, Carbon Disclosure Project(CDP), Global<br />
Reporting Initiative (GRI) and others, reporting, data management and accuracy<br />
has become a burden for many organizations. Also, the volatility of energy pricing<br />
results in a significant financial benefit for companies to streamline the monitoring<br />
and management of energy and fuels using technology. Using a real life example,<br />
this presentation will outline the necessary steps that need to be taken for<br />
an organization to develop such a process, using services and technology.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Satellite Remote Sensing-based Estimates of Biomass Production<br />
on Reclaimed Coal Mines<br />
S. Raval 1 , E. Sarver 2 , D. Evans 3 , C. Zipper 3 and P. Donovan 3 ;<br />
1<br />
School of Mining Engineering, University of New South Wales,<br />
Sydney, NSW, Australia; 2 Mining and Minerals Engineering, Virginia<br />
Tech, Blacksburg, VA and 3 Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences,<br />
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
Remote sensing methods have been used to evaluate vegetative growth patterns<br />
for many applications, though relatively little work has focused on tracking mine<br />
reclamation progress. For coalmines in Central Appalachia, reclamation approaches<br />
that include production of biofuel feedstocks are increasingly attractive,<br />
as these may yield significant post-mining land values and contribute to carbonneutral<br />
energy supplies. To optimize productivity, the influence of reclamation<br />
parameters must be well understood which necessitates tracking biomass production<br />
over long time periods time. Satellite-based estimations may offer low-cost<br />
alternatives to conventional biomass appraisals, and also the potential to provide<br />
critical input for carbon accounting at varied spatial scales. In this paper, we use<br />
established reclamation plots at the Powell River Project (PRP) for a comparative<br />
study between satellite measurements of Normalized Difference Vegetation<br />
Index and inventory estimates of biomass under a variety of conditions. PRP is a<br />
unique public-private partnership in the coalfields of southwestern Virginia dedicated<br />
to enhancing beneficial use and environmental protection of mined lands.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Strategies to Minimize the Release of Trace Elements from Coal<br />
Waste Sources<br />
M. Rezaee 1 , F. Huggins 2 , R. Honaker 1 and Z. Duan 1 ; 1 Mining<br />
Engineering, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY and 2 Chemical<br />
Engineering, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY<br />
To assess strategies aimed at minimizing the impact of coal waste materials on the<br />
environment, two long-term leaching experiments were performed using waste<br />
materials from a plant treating high sulfur bituminous coal. The tests evaluated the<br />
mobility of trace elements under different disposal scenarios. The results indicate<br />
that the mobility of most elements is enhanced under either highly alkaline or<br />
acidic conditions with a few being mobilized under both conditions. As such, the<br />
minimization of element mobility requires the pH value of the medium to be<br />
maintained around neutral. In addition, most of the heavy metals were associated<br />
with the illite and pyrite minerals. Three strategies of treating coal refuse were<br />
evaluated: fly ash mixed with coarse refuse, co-disposal of coarse and fine refuse<br />
and solidification of the coal waste with cement. All three methods were found to<br />
neutralize the pH conditions and thus reduce mobility of the trace elements in<br />
static leaching tests whereas the opposite was found from dynamic experiments.<br />
These results indicate that combined storage under water could eliminate acid<br />
generation and thus minimize the mobility of trace elements.<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
underground II<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
G. Buchan, Alpha Natural Resources,<br />
Waynesburg, PA<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Performance of an Intelligent Proximity Detection System for<br />
Continuous Mining Machines<br />
J. Carr and J. DuCarme; NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
In 2011, MSHA published a proposed regulation that would require the use of<br />
proximity detection systems on all CMM. Researchers at the National Institute<br />
for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) have developed the Intelligent<br />
Proximity Detection (iPD) system, which is expected to enhance safety by preventing<br />
hazardous motions while still allowing the miners the flexibility to<br />
choose where they position themselves to avoid other hazards such as other<br />
equipment or unsupported mine roof. The iPD system has been installed and<br />
tested on a Joy 14CM continuous mining machine at the NIOSH laboratory in<br />
Pittsburgh. Measurements were recorded around the machine to quantify and<br />
map the accuracy of the system. A number of variables including receiver orientation,<br />
position of machine appendages and presence of metallic objects such as<br />
the trailing cable were analyzed. Based on this analysis, the performance of the<br />
iPD system has been shown to provide the accuracy needed to provide intelligent<br />
response to striking and pinning hazards and represents a major advance in the<br />
field of proximity detection.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Stress Distributions Around Typical Field Intersection Geometries<br />
in Coal Mines<br />
S. Bastola, C. Carlton, B. Abbasi and Y. Chugh; Mining and Mineral<br />
Resources Engineering, Southern Illinois University Carbondale,<br />
Carbondale, IL<br />
Over 80% of roof falls in Illinois coal mines occur at the intersections of entries.<br />
Regular intersection geometries have been typically analyzed in the previous literature.<br />
This study has analyzed stress distribution around typical field intersection<br />
geometries and compared it with similar data for regular four-way intersection<br />
geometries. Three-dimensional numerical analyses were performed for a<br />
typical lithology associated with No 6 coal seam in southern Illinois. Linear elastic<br />
and non-linear analyses were performed using Hoek-Brown failure criteria for<br />
different lithologic units. The three-dimensional models developed incorporated<br />
bedding planes and the in-situ horizontal stresses. Yielded zones were developed<br />
for various types of irregular intersections. Effect of diagonal widths of the intersection<br />
and pre-mining horizontal stresses were examined extensively due to their<br />
influence on stability. Progressive failure zones and contours for safety factors<br />
were developed. In addition to stress distribution, displacement analyses were<br />
also performed to assess stability of intersections.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
A Discussion on TBM Cutter Change Time<br />
and Cutter Consumption<br />
E. Farrokh and J. Rostami; PSU, State College, PA<br />
Cutter change time is defined as the average time required for changing a cutter<br />
on the cutter head and cutter consumption is the average number of cutters worn<br />
out for excavation of one cubic meter of rock. Estimation of these two parame-<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
62<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
ters requires certain intact rock and rock mass properties (such as abrasivity) as<br />
well as machine parameters are needed. Analysis of cutter consumption information<br />
of several tunnel projects from around the world has revealed that the available<br />
models for estimation of cutter consumption require some revisions to provide<br />
more accurate predictions. The results of the statistical analysis show that in<br />
most cases, NTH model underestimates cutter change time. The preliminary<br />
analysis of data shows that average cutter change time is approximately 66 minutes<br />
for different cutter sizes and there is a minimal difference between corresponding<br />
cutter change times of the large versus small cutters. This paper reviews<br />
the available models for cutter life estimation and cutter consumption data from<br />
various projects. It offers new models for estimation of cutter consumption and<br />
cutter change time as part of TBM down time analysis.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Installation of Internal Hydraulic Seals for Additional<br />
Environmental Protection<br />
M. Castner; Engineering, Rosebud Mining Company, Kittanning, PA<br />
Permit applications for deep mines in the state of PA require environmental provisions<br />
to prevent post mining water discharge. In some instances, the permit applications<br />
have required the installation of hydraulic seals prior to the completion<br />
of the final drift seals at a mine. Such was the case for Rosebud Mining Company<br />
and the Little Toby Mine, located in Elk County. When the permit was approved,<br />
it was done so on the condition that hydraulic seals would be installed and an acceptable<br />
design was approved as part of the permit issuance. Over the years, conditions<br />
and ideas have changed and developed which resulted in new ideas and<br />
resources that provide some alternative ways for the construction of hydraulic<br />
seal. Thus, the purpose of this report is to show the design of a recently installed<br />
hydraulic seal application, how this new seal design compared to the previously<br />
approved design, and finally how the entire installation procedure was executed<br />
for this new hydraulic seal.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Using Chemical Grout to Control Groundwater Infiltration<br />
J. Gentry; Avanti International, Webster, TX<br />
Acrylamide grout was selected to address groundwater seepage on three unique<br />
projects. Each project provided special circumstances and geological conditions:<br />
Pre-excavation grouting for combined sewer overflow tanks, 27 miles of leaking<br />
subway, and encapsulation of radioactive hazardous waste. Acrylamide grout<br />
was chosen primarily for its specific characteristics: thinnest grout on the market,<br />
no suspended solids, adjustable set times, and a 362-year half-life in soil as determined<br />
by the U.S. Department of Energy.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Interaction of Roof Rock Mass Characterization and Ground<br />
Control Design in Weak Roof Conditions<br />
A. Osouli; Civil Engineering, Southern Illinois University,<br />
Edwardsville, IL<br />
Roof rock mass characterization is the critical element for evaluating roof conditions<br />
and designing roof support systems in underground coal mines. Coal Mine<br />
Roof Rating (CMRR) is the most internationally used and empirical-based rock<br />
mass classification system which was developed using a limited number of case<br />
studies. Therefore, using CMRR for cases outside its database has raised concerns.<br />
It was discovered that the current procedure of determining CMRR may<br />
not be appropriate for Illinois coal mines, where due to its weak and moisture<br />
sensitive roof, has the highest number of roof falls among all the United States<br />
(U.S.) coal regions. The erroneous roof rock mass characterization will affect the<br />
selection of roof control methods, mining methods, and as a consequence marketability<br />
of coal. Utilizing CMRR for roof rock mass evaluation has many advantages<br />
including its flexibility to adapt to different roof conditions. This study<br />
will focus on the shortcomings in application of CMRR for weak moisture sensitive<br />
roof conditions and possible modifications to address these shortcomings.<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
Ventilation II<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
K. Luxbacher, Virginia Polytech Institute and State<br />
University, Blacksburg, VA<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Studies of Controlled Recirculation Using CO2 Gas Injection:<br />
Laboratory and Simulation Results<br />
M. Nelson, M. Shriwas and F. Calizaya; Mining Engineering,<br />
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
As an underground mine gets deeper, ventilation systems become more complex.<br />
Conventional methods of ventilation using only surface fans may be inadequate<br />
because of the limitations to increasing surface fan pressure. A high main fan<br />
pressure increases leakage and poses other risks. Controlled recirculation provided<br />
by booster fans can offer advantages, particularly for dust and climate control.<br />
However, the booster fans must be designed, installed, and managed properly.<br />
This study determined the concentrations of CO2 tracer gas in intakes and<br />
returns during controlled recirculation, the recirculation fraction for multiple<br />
headings, and the best combination of main and booster fan pressures to achieve<br />
allowable levels of air contaminants. Results from the laboratory model were<br />
used to calibrate a VentSim numerical. Recirculation can increase air velocity at<br />
the face, reducing risk by decreasing concentrations of gasses to allowable levels.<br />
Controlled recirculation can be a safe method of ventilation, to improve the environmental<br />
conditions at working faces and make them more comfortable and tolerable<br />
for the miners.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment for the Use of Booster<br />
Fans in Underground Coal Mines<br />
F. Calizaya, M. Nelson and M. Shriwas; Mining Engineering,<br />
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
A booster fan is an underground ventilation device installed in the main airstream<br />
to handle the total quantity of air circulated to one or more working districts. It is<br />
installed in a permanent stopping and equipped with airlock doors, a monitoring<br />
system, and interlocking devices between the main fan and the booster fan. When<br />
adequately installed, a booster fan can be used to reduce the main fan pressure, reduce<br />
leakage, and decrease the power requirements. However, an inadequate installation<br />
can also increase the likelihood of mine fires and recirculation of air<br />
contaminants. This study identifies hazards associated with the operation and<br />
maintenance of booster fans. It analyzes the accompanying risks and suggests<br />
control barriers to reduce those risks to acceptable levels. In particular, the ventilation<br />
network of an existing coal mine was updated to include a booster fan system.<br />
The hazards associated with the operation of the fan were identified, the<br />
risks analyzed, and the response to each failure mode established.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Evaluation of Novel Fire Suppression Systems for<br />
Conveyor Belt Fires<br />
K. Teacoach and R. Thomas; NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
For decades the majority of underground coal mine fire suppression systems<br />
have relied on water applied by sprinkler heads to protect the belt line. However,<br />
many other industries utilize fire suppression systems and suppression agents<br />
which are not listed in 30 CFR, but may be practical and effective in coal mines.<br />
This paper summarizes eight full scale conveyor belt fire experiments conducted<br />
under ventilated conditions in the Fire Suppression Facility at Lake Lynn<br />
Laboratory. It also evaluates the suppression capabilities of firefighting foam and<br />
gel in systems installed according to water sprinkler regulations, and the suppression<br />
capabilities of a deluge-type water mist system. The efficacy of these systems<br />
was assessed by comparing several fire characteristics and outcomes to previous<br />
experiments with standard water sprinkler systems. All three novel systems<br />
were able to suppress established fires located in the belt drive area as well as a<br />
typical water sprinkler system. The results were consistent with previous water<br />
sprinkler tests which determined water supply and nozzle placement to be the<br />
two most important factors in the efficacy of a drive area suppression system.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
63<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Development of Computer-Based Training Exercise for<br />
Underground Mine Firefighting<br />
S. Arya and A. Wala; Department of Mining Engineering, University<br />
of Kentucky, Lexington, KY<br />
This paper presents the development of a Computer-Based training exercise to<br />
fight fire in an underground longwall development panel (headgate). It discusses<br />
the effects of fire on the mine ventilation system for different panel arrangements.<br />
The differences include inclination of entries, location of intake, belt, and return<br />
entries, and mine ventilation system (forcing and exhaust). Also, the advantages<br />
and disadvantages of approaching the fire from different directions, the sequence<br />
of firefighting actions, the spread of combustion products throughout the ventilation<br />
system, and the effect of buoyancy on an ascensional or a descensional ventilation<br />
system are discussed. Moreover, the effect of fire controlling actions, such<br />
as implementing check curtains, breaching a stopping, opening and closing a<br />
door, and applying water/foam, are discussed. The paper concludes that the<br />
Computer-Based training exercise can help in decision making during firefighting,<br />
and it can also significantly enhance the understanding of the behavior of<br />
mine ventilation system in the case of fire.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
West Elk Mine: The Conversion from an Exhausting to a Forcing<br />
Ventilation System<br />
J. Poulos; Engineering, Mountain Coal Co., Somerset, CO<br />
Arch Coal, Inc., Mountain Coal Co., West Elk Mine (WEM) is a large underground<br />
longwall coalmine located in western Colorado. Past production ranges<br />
between 5.5 and 7.0 million tons per year. The West Elk Mine moved longwall<br />
production from the B Seam to the E Seam in December 2008. The resultant ventilation<br />
system is comprised of both exhausting and forcing ventilation. This<br />
paper will discuss: 1) The actual mine layout and the need to implement a forcing<br />
system for the new E Seam Reserve while at the same time maintaining the exhausting<br />
system for the F Seam and B Seam portions of the mine. 2) How the<br />
conversion was accomplished. 3) How the two systems perform together.<br />
environmental:<br />
Process Solution and drainage<br />
Management for the Metal Mining Sector<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: E. Milosavljevic, Newmont Mining Corporation,<br />
Englewood, CO<br />
J. Croall, Newmont Mining, Englewood, CO<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
ASTM Standardization of the Acid Neutralization Potential<br />
Acidity Titration (ANPA) in the Low Range for Investigation of<br />
“Uncertain” Results<br />
C. Bucknam; Water Technologies, Nemont Metallurgical<br />
Technologies, Englewood, CO<br />
Classical acid-base accounting using modified Sobek titration methods has resulted<br />
in interpretation of results for materials with neutralization potential (NP)<br />
less than 20 tons of CaCO3/ton of material (2% CaCO3) as “uncertain” due to<br />
lack of sensitivity within that content range. Standardization of a “fizless” acid<br />
neutralization potential (ANP) method was undertaken in the American Society<br />
for Testing and Materials (ASTM) International using two ranges of sulfuric acid<br />
additions based on reaction pH and carbonate carbon estimates rather than subjective<br />
fizz testing as well as hydrogen peroxide additions to correct for mineral<br />
acidity. The method is identified as the acid neutralization potential acidity<br />
(ANPA) titration method. During interlaboratory testing a positive bias was discovered<br />
within the “uncertain” range with was further investigated and resolved<br />
by increasing the test sample weight from one to five grams for samples needing<br />
improved accuracy in materials with ANP
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
(5) prolonged closure obligations due to slow tailings water drainage all in addition<br />
to even more pressing environmental issues. The value of providing solutions<br />
for these key challenges has driven a tremendous development effort over the past<br />
two years resulting in numerous advances in geosynthetic materials available. (1)<br />
Geocomposites have been developed specifically for heap leach pads, (2) electrically<br />
isolating weld techniques are now available for conductive geomembranes,<br />
and (3) high performance geomembranes have been developed to provide increased<br />
performance and life span at elevated temperatures. In addition to these<br />
advancements, further development is also taking shape to solve more mining industry<br />
challenges in ways that were never previously thought possible.<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
environmental:<br />
Water treatment for Processing<br />
and discharge<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
S. Benowitz, Water Engineering Technologies, Inc.,<br />
Bozeman, MT<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Two Ways to Deal with Mine/Plant Effluents Residues:<br />
Store Them, or Sell Them<br />
K. Tabra; Water Treatment, ARCADIS Peru, Lima, Peru<br />
As a mine operator, the proper strategy to handle residues is one of our main concerns;<br />
in particular dealing with mine/plant liquid effluents, where the most common<br />
technology to deal with (the extensive lime usage) just postpones the problem<br />
to sludge disposal. Here its shown two main strategic alternatives to deal<br />
with effluents: a) transform dissolved metals into sludge to be stored; or b) extract<br />
the dissolved metals to sell them In general terms, we have two active treatment<br />
strategies which consist of 1) extensive lime usage to create hydroxides and finally<br />
sediment them (clean water in overflow), 2) the selective use of NaSH or<br />
Fe(OH)3 to create new molecules, then clog them, and finally float them with dissolved<br />
air (clean water in underflow) This article shows a roadmap for the decision<br />
process, between using conventional lime-based technology (which generates<br />
gypsum to be stored); or use a more efficient, automated, selective, reliable,<br />
low CAPEX, low deployment times, to extract dissolved metals in the form of<br />
byproducts to be sold (instead of store them). The Roadmap consist of<br />
1) Characterization 2) Abatement test 3) Flocculation test 4) Solid/liquid separation<br />
test<br />
9:25 AM<br />
How to Optimize the Water Usage at the Whole Operation<br />
in 4 Key Steps<br />
G. Tiravanti; Water Managment, Arcadis, Lima, Peru<br />
A recurrent concern in mining operations is how to deal with the large volumes<br />
of fresh water used which generates large volumes of effluents that have to be<br />
treated. In that regard we face with two main strategies: 1) treat the effluent as it<br />
comes, or 2) use simulation tools to optimize the overall process to reduce water<br />
usage and contaminants. Optimize fresh water usage in the operations could reduce<br />
effluents generated, maintenance costs, etc. This article shows a successful<br />
tool developed in Matlab-SimulinkÆ that allows modeling a complete operation<br />
and simulating potential improvements to evaluate the results. This tool was already<br />
proven in Cu-Mo as well as polymetallic operations. This article reviews<br />
the 4 Key Steps required to achieve our goals: a) Build a Blocks Diagram (3<br />
weeks), which is based on field survey; b) Input process water flows and qualities<br />
(4 weeks) in strategic locations; c) Simulate new alternatives (3 weeks) like local<br />
recirculation, changes in reagents and dosage, partial treatment, flows<br />
merges/separation, etc; and d) Implement the Final Choice (4 weeks) which consist<br />
on developing conceptual engineering to determine the CAPEX required and<br />
new OPEX.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Sulfate Reduction from Membrane Concentrate Applicable to<br />
Mining Water<br />
K. Banerjee; Process, Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies,<br />
Moon Township, PA<br />
The high solubility and stability of sulfate ions in aqueous solutions make<br />
processes for removal of this anion from water to low levels extremely complex.<br />
With the increased interest in wastewater reuse, the application of nano-filtration<br />
(NF) for sulfate reduction is becoming popular. However, handling of the NF<br />
concentrate with high sulfate is problematic. The primary objectives of this project<br />
were to determine and validate an appropriate membrane (NF) process to reduce<br />
the sulfate concentration in water as well as to establish an innovative sulfate<br />
treatment technology for the membrane reject. Some of the results from this<br />
project were presented at the 2012 <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> in Seattle, Washington.<br />
This abstract continues our report on the work that was presented last year.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Transforming Waste into Production via<br />
Powerful DeMet" Technology<br />
P. James and M. Baker; Blue Planet Strategies, Madison, WI<br />
New DeMet" water treatment technology (Blue Planet Strategies) wrings new<br />
value from mining and processing wastes. This powerful platform technology enables<br />
various new economical treatment options to extract key metals from traditional<br />
low level and waste stream sources normally left by traditional processing<br />
methods. DeMet" use can enhance profits or reduce environmental processing<br />
costs. Applications of DeMet" technology to several persistent key environmental<br />
and processing challenges to mining will be presented. The profitable reclamation<br />
of metals from Acid Rock Drainage (ARD) will be discussed and illustrated<br />
with key results. Processing of weak Pregnant Leach Solution (PLS) by<br />
DeMet" to enable cost-effective final production by conventional facilities will<br />
also be illustrated. The immediate and longer term benefits to mine lives, cut-off<br />
grades, and extracting the value from wastes like ARD and old tailings by applying<br />
DeMet" will be examined. The economic impacts of utilizing DeMet at several<br />
representative sites and situations will be reviewed. Exciting DeMet" enabled<br />
recycling options to reduce chemical consumption needs for traditional processing<br />
will also be noted.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
A Treatment Process for Removal of Molybdenum from<br />
Copper Mine Tailings Pond Water<br />
K. Banerjee; Process Engineering, Veoliawater solutions &<br />
Technologies, Moon Township, PA<br />
A treatment process was developed to remove molybdenum from copper mine<br />
tailings pond water. Among all the technologies evaluated, adsorption onto<br />
Hydrous Ferric Oxide (HFO) including iron coprecipitation and adsorption<br />
process; and adsorption onto iron oxide based media showed the most promising<br />
and consistent results. Bench-scale studies were conducted to determine the kinetics<br />
and treatment efficiency of the adsorption process. The effects of reaction<br />
pH, adsorbent dosage, reaction time, and particle size of the media on the adsorption<br />
capacity for molybdenum were investigated. An on-site pilot scale study<br />
was conducted to verify the laboratory data. Results reveal that HFO is capable<br />
of reducing molybdenum from 1 to less than 0.01 mg/L, under slightly acidic<br />
condition (pH between 6.5 and 7.0) within 10 minutes of reaction. Kinetics data<br />
indicate that the reaction is fast, and can be approximated by 1st order kinetics.<br />
Molybdenum [Mo(VI)] adsorption capacity was found to decrease with the increasing<br />
ionic strength. Results from the laboratory and pilot scale studies on<br />
molybdenum removal will be presented and discussed.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Applications of Coagulants and Flocculants<br />
D. Christophersen; Technical, Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies,<br />
Vandalia, OH<br />
Coagulants and flocculants have many applications in the mining process. The<br />
selection and use of these chemicals requires some knowledge of how they work<br />
and how they should be prepared to maiximize their benefit and to minimize<br />
cost. This presentation will go over the different types of coagulants and flocculants<br />
and give recommendations on how to select and apply them.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
65<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Industrial Minerals & aggregates:<br />
Industrial Minerals research<br />
at universities<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: B. Li, Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI<br />
R. Pruett, Imerys, Milledgeville, GA<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Mineralogical Characteristics and Applications of Vermiculite from<br />
Seven Major Mines in China<br />
T. Peng and H. Sun; Institute of Mineral Materials and Application,<br />
Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China<br />
Mineralogical characteristics of the vermiculite samples from seven mines in<br />
China have been studied. Three types of interstratified structures were found in<br />
the investigated samples: regular 1:1 interstratified structure, segregated interstratified<br />
structure, and random interstratified structure. The vermiculite samples<br />
from six of the seven mines are mainly composed of phlogopite-vermiculite interstratified<br />
minerals, and that from another mine is chlorite-vermiculite interstratified<br />
mineral. The contents of K2O, TiO2 and Na2O are higher for the samples<br />
with phlogopite-vermiculite structure, and MgO and Al2O3 are higher for<br />
the samples with chlorite-vermiculite structure. The cation exchange capacity of<br />
the samples is 17.3 - 99.0mmol/100g.The exchangeable cations of phlogopitevermiculite<br />
samples from Weili Mine are mainly Na+, Ca2+, while that from<br />
Tongguan Mine are Mg2+ and Ca2+. The thermal expansion ratio of the samples<br />
is between 9 and 32. The exfoliated vermiculite products from Weili Mines<br />
have the best mechanical strength.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Property Difference of Vermiculite Made by Microwave and<br />
Traditional Exfoliations<br />
B. Li; Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI<br />
Exfoliated vermiculite has been widely applied in various industries with its<br />
unique property. Microwave radiation can be used to produce exfoliated vermiculite<br />
with low energy consumption at ambient temperature, while traditional exfoliations<br />
need to be performed at high temperature. Since the different mechanisms<br />
for energy transfer, the vermiculite exfoliated by microwave radiation shown<br />
higher mechanical strength, lower water absorption, and unique porous aspects,<br />
comparing to traditional calcinations. The exfoliation mechanisms conducted by<br />
traditional calcinations and microwave radiation will also be discussed.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Anisotropic Surface Charging of Chlorite<br />
X. Yin 1 , L. Yan 2 , J. Liu 1 , Z. Xu 2 and J. Miller 1 ; 1 Metallurgical<br />
Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT and 2 Chemical<br />
and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB,<br />
Canada<br />
A more detailed analysis of the surface charge of chlorite minerals is important<br />
in order to improve the fundamental understanding of such particle structures<br />
and their behavior in suspension. In this research, the anisotropic surface charging<br />
of chlorite has been established using AFM surface force measurements with<br />
a silicon nitride tip. The surface charge densities and surface potentials at the<br />
chlorite basal plane surfaces and edge surfaces were obtained by fitting force<br />
curves with the DLVO (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek) theoretical model.<br />
The results demonstrated the anisotropic surface characteristics of chlorite. It is<br />
expected that the findings from this research will provide a fundamental foundation<br />
in the analysis of industrial situations, for example, issues including collector<br />
adsorption, slime coating, and particle interactions in the area of mineral processing<br />
technology.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
An Investigation of the Dynamic Strength and Stiffness Properties<br />
of the Nonesuch Shale Formation for Mechanical Mining<br />
S. Vitton 1 , K. Crawford 2 and C. Gilbertson 3 ; 1 Civil & Environmental<br />
Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI;<br />
2<br />
Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological<br />
University, Houghton, MI and 3 Civil & Environmental Engineering,<br />
Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI<br />
The research presented in this paper deals with an analysis of the dynamic properties<br />
of a siltstone shale formation of the Nonesuch Formation, a Precambrian<br />
age rock, which will be mined by the proposed Copperwood Mine which is now<br />
in the permitting stage and has considered using mechanical mining. To further<br />
investigate the rock properties of the Nonesuch Shale formation ore zone, additional<br />
dynamic testing has been conducted. The testing consisted of both static<br />
and dynamic compressive testing utilizing the SHPB. In addition, rock was tested<br />
in both dry and saturated condition, since the siltstone/shale is moisture sensitive.<br />
The results indicated that the Copperwood ore is rate sensitive with the dynamic<br />
strength and stiffness about two times the static strength for dry specimens.<br />
However, the rate sensitivities decreased for the fully saturated tests. This<br />
effect has been observed in other sedimentary rock types and could have significance<br />
in better understanding whether a rock can be mined using mechanical<br />
mining methods. The paper also speculates as to the cause of the decrease in the<br />
rate sensitivity of ore with saturation.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Value Added Engineered Mineral Particulate Systems<br />
B. Moudgil; Materials Science & Engineering, University of Florida,<br />
Gainesville, FL<br />
Researchers at the Particle Engineering Research Center (PERC), University of<br />
Florida are developing engineered particle systems for improving efficiency and<br />
value addition in products. For instance, polyhydroxy fullerenes-titania<br />
nanocomposites coatings show significant promise in degrading microbial contaminants<br />
on surfaces by visible light activated photocatalysis. Multifunctional<br />
silica based nanoparticles are effective in cancer imaging, targeted drug delivery<br />
and therapy. Copper coated silica nanoparticles have proven to be significantly<br />
more effective odor control agents as compared to conventional products.<br />
Environmentally benign modified clay encapsulating chemicals/pesticides can<br />
serve as green alternative and effective agents for crop protection. The overall objective<br />
is sustainable development of value added minerals with minimum environmental<br />
footprint. This presentation will highlight some these developments<br />
with the aid of specific examples.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Mineralogical Characterization of Brazilian Kaolin Ore Using<br />
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy<br />
ÕTALO. GonÁalves 1 , C. Petter 1 , N. Dani 2 , G. Kolbe 2 and R. Pruett 3 ;<br />
1<br />
Mining Engineering Department, Universidade Federal do Rio<br />
Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; 2 Geosciences Institute,<br />
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil and<br />
3<br />
Minerals Technology Dept., Imerys Pigments for Paper & Packaging,<br />
Sandersville, GA<br />
Brazilian kaolin ores are usually contaminated by hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ), goethite<br />
(FeOOH), and anatase (TiO 2 ), whose strong colors degrade the quality of the<br />
final product. Variations in particle size and degree of element substitution cause<br />
a great impact over these minerals optical properties, as well as in their response<br />
to processing operations. The total Fe content obtained through X-Ray<br />
Fluorescence (XRF) shows a poor correlation with the brightness of kaolin, due<br />
to the inability to differentiate between the Fe contained in the oxides/hydroxides<br />
and the Fe present inside the crystalline structure of kaolinite, especially when<br />
the Fe-bearing minerals occur in small quantities. This paper presents a new<br />
generic technique to quantify oxide/hydroxide impurities in kaolin, based on reflectance<br />
measurements in the visible range and the Kubelka-Munk (K-M) theory.<br />
The technique has a great potential to improve the knowledge regarding the<br />
kaolins quality and processability, and to help bridge the gap between the mine<br />
and the processing plant.<br />
Be A Sponsor!<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
66<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium:<br />
Innovations in comminution<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
Innovations in Fragmentation and Mine to Mill<br />
Sarma Kanchibotla, JK Tech<br />
Innovation in Comminution Equipment<br />
Mark Erickson, Newmont Mining<br />
Innovations in Comminution Modeling and Testing<br />
Steve Morrell, SMCC Pty Ltd<br />
Innovations in Comminutions Instrument and Control<br />
Brian Flintoff, Metso Minerals Canada<br />
Innovations in Comminutions Discrete Element Modeling<br />
Raj Rajamani, University of Utah<br />
Innovations in Process Mineralogy and Laboratory Automation<br />
Wolfgang Baum, FLSmidth Salt Lake City<br />
The Future of Comminution<br />
Jens Lichter, Lyntek Inc.<br />
Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium:<br />
Innovations in Smelting<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
Innovations in Pyrometallurgy<br />
Patrick Taylor, Colorado School of Mines<br />
Innovations in the Processing of Platinum Group Metals<br />
Neville Plint, Anglo American Platinum<br />
Innovations in the Pyrometallurgical treatment of Lead and Zinc<br />
Len Harris, Self-Employed Consultant<br />
Innovations in Copper Smelting<br />
Eric Partelpoeg, EHP Consulting Inc.<br />
Innovations in the Pyrometallurgy of Iron and Steel<br />
Glenn Hoffman, Cardero Iron Ore Co. Ltd.<br />
Innovation in Air Pollution Control<br />
Darrel Longwell, MFG Inc.<br />
Phil Mackey<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
International<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
M. Gavrilovic, E3 Consulting LLC, Englewood, CO<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Mining Heritage: Preservation and Sustainable Development of an<br />
Outstanding Universal Value<br />
J. Kretschmann 1 and S. Brueggerhoff 2 ; 1 TFH Georg Agricola<br />
University, Bochum, Germany and 2 Deutsches Bergbau-Museum,<br />
Bochum, Germany<br />
Mining heritage can be of outstanding value for many regions around the world,<br />
because mining has been done for thousands of years for the benefit of mankind<br />
and its development. This paper presents an ongoing project creating a general<br />
guideline for the handling of mining heritage on the basis of experiences made in<br />
Germany. Interactions of stakeholders in the heritage network as well as strategies<br />
for the technical proceeding will be described. An action plan for the sustainable<br />
handling of mining heritage will be developed, which includes necessary<br />
measures. Best-practice recommendations will be derived.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Sustainable Development in India Mining Sector<br />
K. Galla, M. Poulton and S. Annavarapu; Mining and Geological<br />
Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
The forest regions in India are endowed with significant mineral resources which<br />
make them the nations richest lands. The local indigenous people face displacement<br />
whenever a mining activity begins. The mining sector in western countries<br />
is under continuous pressure despite many sustainable practices. However it is<br />
very different in India; unsustainable mining practices are at a very large scale<br />
and there is little or no government or NGO pressure on the mining industry.<br />
Sustainability is not yet a core value of many companies. The regulatory mechanisms<br />
like DGMS, IBM and ministry of environment and forests are present but<br />
not adequately empowered. India is one of the largest producers of coal and iron<br />
ore in the world. The current total production value of all minerals in India is<br />
$38.18 billion, which has doubled over the last five years. More than 90% of mineral<br />
production in India comes from just 11 states out of the total 28 states and 7<br />
union territories. This paper will focus on the present scenario of mining sector in<br />
India and its consequences. The necessity of a business model to address sustainable<br />
development in mining in India will also be discussed.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Asbestos Mining in Russia: Approaches to Public Health<br />
Risk Assessment<br />
A. Korchevskiy, E. Rasmuson, J. Rasmuson and R. Strode; Chemistry<br />
& Industrial Hygiene, Inc., Wheat Ridge, CO<br />
While Russia continues to be the worldwide leader in asbestos production, the<br />
environmental and health situation around asbestos mines in this country is not<br />
well understood. A literature review was performed to evaluate the potential impact<br />
of Russian mining operations on the asbestos-related cancer incidence in the<br />
Ural region where the majority of asbestos deposits are located. The Nicholson-<br />
Peto (1986) model was applied to the reported mesothelioma mortality statistics<br />
in different cities and villages of the region. It was demonstrated that the<br />
mesothelioma potency factors, as determined by Berman and Crump (2008),<br />
could be used to predict the mesothelioma risks in the locations where either pure<br />
chrysotile or crocidolite and chrysotile were mined and milled. The highest<br />
mesothelioma incidence was identified in a town close to a crocidolite mine.<br />
Also, a mesothelioma potency factor was calculated for anthophyllite<br />
(KM=1.00*10-8) based on the Russian data. The study confirmed the validity of<br />
asbestos risk modeling related to asbestos mining, and provided context regarding<br />
the extent of asbestos-related public health issues in the former Soviet republics<br />
(FSRs).<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Transportation Planning for Major Mine Projects<br />
B. Sussman; Environmental Resources Management, Inc.,<br />
Annapolis, MD<br />
Management of mine-related transportation is an increasingly important aspect<br />
of mine planning, construction, and operations. Safe and efficient transportation<br />
of supplies, personnel, and extracted and/or processed materials affects the mine<br />
s economic, environmental, and social performance (including community support<br />
or opposition), and is increasingly tied to lending and regulatory decisions.<br />
This presentation will draw upon the authors experience of preparing transportation<br />
studies for mines on four continents. Participants will gain insight into existing<br />
mine-related transportation best practices, typical obstacles to effective transportation<br />
planning and operations, and recommendations for future practices.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Lessons Learned from Social Mining Conflicts in Peru<br />
R. Mucho; E3 Consulting LLC, Englewood, CO<br />
Romulo is the President of the Peruvian Institute of Mining Engineers.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Traveling in Suriname<br />
F. Habashi; Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada<br />
Fathi travels yet again!<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
67<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
11:05 AM<br />
A Social Development Project: Meerschaum Mining and Processing<br />
Activities in Eskisehir<br />
M. Yavuz; Mining Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University,<br />
Eskisehir, Turkey<br />
Sepiolite [Mg4Si6O15(OH)2.6H2O] is widely used in industry because of its adsorptive,<br />
rheological and catalytic properties. There are two genetic types of sepiolite<br />
around the Eskisehir, Turkey. The most common type is the so-called<br />
Meerschaum which occurs as nodules and concretions in Miocene-Pliocene conglomerate<br />
surrounding the magnesite deposits around Eskisehir. Meerschaum<br />
mining has been doing for centuries by local farmers two different region of<br />
Eskisehir. Traditional tunneling methods are used in production activities by<br />
local farmers. The produced raw meerschaum is processed by many artists in<br />
Eskisehir. The best nodules are carved into objects such as pipe bowls, bracelets<br />
and necklaces. In recent years, various problems are encountered both processing<br />
and mining in sepiolite. Primarily, meerschaum production dramatically decreased.<br />
For this reason, artists cannot find quality meerschaum. So, domestic<br />
and external demand for processed meerschaum cannot provide by artists. In this<br />
paper, the studies for solving the problems are described. The solutions for meerschaum<br />
sector both production and processing processes have been developed.<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
comminution I<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: E. Spiller, Tetra Tech, Aurora, CO<br />
M. Jorgensen, CH2MHill, Centennial, CO<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
A Modified Bond Abrasion-Index Machine Acoustic and Torque<br />
Spectra Correlated to Ore-Induced Metal-Wear Characteristics<br />
M. Uceda 1 , J. Seidel 2 , G. Martins 3 and P. Taylor 3 ; 1 Jacobs<br />
Engineering, Golden, CO; 2 Newmont Mining Corporation,<br />
Englewood, CO and 3 Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
The two principal operating costs in commercial crushing and grinding are energy<br />
and metal wear. It is established that estimation of metal-wear costs during<br />
process development studies is problematic. The Bond Abrasion Index determined<br />
by the Bond Abrasion Test is employed in the mining industry as a tool to<br />
predict metal consumption. The goals of this research were to improve reliability<br />
of the prediction of metal consumption by incorporating acoustic emission and<br />
torque-transducer instrumentation into the design of the abrasion machine.<br />
Three ores sized to æ + Ω inch with varying grinding characteristics were employed<br />
in the investigation. Fast Fourier Transform was performed on the fluctuating<br />
acoustic and torque signals to obtain ore-related characteristic “signatures”<br />
in the frequency domain. In addition, the mass of the paddle (wear element) was<br />
measured as a function of time and a non-linear correlation was obtained that described<br />
the wear-characteristic of the paddle for each ore. The results reported<br />
represent a significant contribution to the interpretation and consequently the<br />
confidence-level of the Bond Abrasion Test.<br />
control system. Each action above would serve to make the crusher more productive<br />
and more energy efficient, and would also have mechanical benefits for<br />
the machine.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
New Generation of Gearless Mill Drive – When High Efficiency<br />
Meets High Availability<br />
R. Errath 1 , A. Fuerst 1 and L. Arana 2 ; 1 Minerals, ABB, Baden,<br />
Switzerland and 2 Newmont / Yanacocha, Cajamarca, Peru<br />
When in 2006 at the <strong>SME</strong> conference ABB presented the paper Gearless Mill<br />
Drive the working horse for SAG and Ball mills a very experienced mining engineer<br />
were really impressed about the efficiency of 95% but he asked about the<br />
availability of the drive system and the entire plant? Remember: Availability<br />
stands for production and efficiency for energy cost! Since then ABB has modified<br />
and improved many design details related to the motor. In parallel a smart<br />
control system has been developed which is able to check motor condition long<br />
before some problem could occur. This new generation of Gearless Mill drives<br />
definitely needs less maintenance, however the key for high availability also remains<br />
in the hands of the plant maintenance staff. The paper shows what kind of<br />
improvements have been made on the motor and which steps forward in smart<br />
controlling have been achieved. It also shows what kind of approach, coordination<br />
and activities of the plant maintenance staff is applying to get an availability<br />
of more than 99% on the Gearless Mill Drives and 94% on the plant. The paper<br />
shows detailed figures of efficiencies and availabilities reached in 2011 and 2012.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
HPGR Technical Development & Applications in<br />
Hard Rock Mining<br />
E. Burchardt 2 and H. Plath 1 ; 1 Polysius Corp, Atlanta, GA and<br />
2<br />
ThyssenKrupp Polysius AG, Neubeckum, Germany<br />
HPGR technology has been established and has proven itself in a variety of challenging<br />
applications in the mining industry worldwide. The continued development<br />
of HPGR-based grinding systems follows the requirements set by the trends<br />
in the industry. Mining companies are increasingly challenged to exploit very<br />
large deposits consisting of low grade ore, often in extremely remote locations,<br />
with water being a scarce resource. The consequences for the strategic development<br />
of mineral processing technology and thus HPGR are evident: - Large capacity<br />
units are required to limit the number of machines needed for concentrators<br />
of 150,000 tpd and more. New large HPGR units are already available and<br />
even larger ones are on the drawing boards. What are the implications of these<br />
large HPGRs? - Low grade deposits and growing costs for energy and wear materials<br />
require highly efficient grinding circuits. New HPGR based grinding systems<br />
and their economic benefits are presented. - To reduce overall process water<br />
requirements for such plants, dry grinding systems with or without HPGRs - can<br />
be applied to mineral processing plants. Benefits and limitations of such systems<br />
are presented.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Worlds Greatest Throughput Cone Crusher<br />
J. Dulmes and K. O’Bryan; FLSmidth, Wales, WI<br />
Preparation, planning and production for the Worlds Greatest Throughput Cone<br />
Crusher operating at Osiskos Canadian Malarctic Gold Mine.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Pilot Study on the Influence of Eccentric Speed on Cone Crusher<br />
Production and Operation<br />
D. Jacobson; Metso, Waukesha, WI<br />
There are many different machine setup parameters and variables that affect the<br />
production of cone crushers in a mineral processing plant, including the eccentric<br />
speed. Pilot tests were conducted on a 200 hp cone crusher to determine the production<br />
and operating conditions over a wide spectrum of eccentric speed. For<br />
high speed cones, the crusher will exhibit a different capacity, power, and discharge<br />
as the speed ranges over the design limits. This study documents the measured<br />
variation in production and energy efficiency over a range of speeds.<br />
Overall, the capacity and power fluctuated by XX% and XX%, respectively over<br />
the speed range when operated full. The results with a fixed feed rate were more<br />
telling, as the crushers were XX% more productive on average when operating at<br />
an optimal speed versus non-optimal. Varying the speed of the crusher can be<br />
used to tune the crusher speed during commissioning, adapt to changing ore conditions<br />
over long periods of time, or be used as a dynamic input into an advanced<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
68<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Flotation I<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: S. Miskovic, Univeristy of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
T. Olson, FLSmidth Minerals, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
J. Hohn, RSR Technologies, Irving, TX<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Evaluatin of an In-plant Pre-aeration Feed System Using Cavitation<br />
for Enhanced Recovery<br />
M. Saracoglu 1 , R. Honaker 1 , E. Yan 2 , J. Kohmuench 2 and M.<br />
Mankosa 2 ; 1 Mining Engineering, Univ of Kentucky, Lexington, KY<br />
and 2 Eriez Manufacturing, Erie, PA<br />
Pre-aeration of flotation feed has proven to be an effective method to improve recovery<br />
and reduce collector requirements. Laboratory tests have revealed that recovery<br />
can be increased by as much as 20 absolute percentage points when treating<br />
difficult-to-float coals. A full-scale in-plant test program is being performed<br />
to evaluate and quantify the technical feasibility and economic benefits of using<br />
a cavitation system to pre-aerate flotation feed of a three-stage StackCell flotation<br />
circuit. The results of this study will be presented and discussed in this publication.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Picco-Nano Bubble Flotation Using Static Mixer-Venturi-Tube for<br />
Pittsburgh No. 8 Seam Coal<br />
F. Peng and Y. Xiong; Mining Engineering, West Virginia University,<br />
Morgantown, WV<br />
Flotation process is particle hydrophobic surface-based separation technique. To<br />
improve the essential flotation steps of collision and attachment, and reduce detachment<br />
probabilities between air bubbles and hydrophobic particles, a selectively<br />
designed cavitaion venture tube can be used to generate very high numbers of pico<br />
and/or nano bubbles. <strong>Full</strong>y embraced by those high numbers of tiny bubbles, hydrophobic<br />
particles are readily attracting those tiny bubbles to their surfaces.<br />
Particles and bubbles might attach to larger bubbles for faster flotation. The results<br />
of flotation of Pittsburgh No.8 seam coal are obtained in a 50cm ID and 172cm<br />
height flotation column equipped with static mixer and cavitation venture tube,<br />
using fuel oil no. 2 as collector and MIBC as frother. Combustible material recovery<br />
(CMR) of 85-90% at clean coal product of 6-7% ash are produced from feed of<br />
23% ash, with reduced amount of frother and collector than that in conventional<br />
column flotation. Major operating parameters include feed rate, solid concentration,<br />
reagent dosages, and size effects on CMR are presented and discussed.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Increasing Flotation Recovery Using the Selective Froth<br />
Recovery System<br />
K. Caldwell; Research, FLSmidth, Midvale, UT<br />
In flotation, coarse and fine particles are harder to float and recent trends in research<br />
and flotation improvement have been toward increasing recovery in these<br />
problem areas. In response to this, FLSmidth has developed the Selective Froth<br />
Recovery (SFR) System. The SFR is a devise that will remove froth using suction<br />
from a desired location or depth within the froth. From current field testing it has<br />
been shown that the SFR system was successful in increasing the amount of<br />
coarse copper recovered from a scavenger float cell. Depending on the depth at<br />
which the SFR device was placed within the cell lower grade coarse concentrate<br />
could be collected or higher grade concentrate similar to the existing froth.<br />
Concentrate was sent from the SFR extraction device to a hydrocyclone for size<br />
classification. When positioned at the top of the froth, the SFR system can be<br />
used to collect froth that has become stiff and is too far from the edge of the cell<br />
to be collected in the launder. The SFR system has been designed to maintain an<br />
offset distance from the slurry level that is adjustable by the user. End design of<br />
the system will be plant specific.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Study of Hydrodynamic Instability in A Self-aspirated<br />
Flotation Machine<br />
Y. Yang; FLSmidth, Midvale, UT<br />
Flotation machines can be classified as forced-air and self-aspirated cells on the<br />
basis of different aeration methods. The former one uses auxiliary air pump to inject<br />
air into rotor region, while the latter induces air into the rotor region by the<br />
vaccum force generated by rotor rotation movement. Naturally self-aspirated machines<br />
have more complicated hydodynamic characteristics since the rotor bears<br />
more functions. The air suction procedure includes air entrainment, air-liquid interaction,<br />
force-balance and vortex stability problems, which results in unstable<br />
flow in the rotor region under certain operation conditions. The unstable flow<br />
condition leads to asthma, i.e. unconstant air flow rate. In this paper, the Wemco<br />
machine is used as an example to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of selfaspiration<br />
to probe the flow instability problem. At the end, a modified design is<br />
proposed and tested for machine optimization. The investigation is performed in<br />
lab-scale, pilot-scale and commercial size machines and the experimental data<br />
will be presented.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
FLS Forced Air Machine Developments<br />
R. Silva, K. Caldwell, T. Olson and Z. Huang; R&D, FLSmidth,<br />
Salt Lake, Midvale, UT<br />
A methodology was developed to evaluate changes in flotation machine design in<br />
order to improve performance, particularly for forced air machines. This approach<br />
includes: 1) a hydrodynamic testing apparatus to evaluate our in house<br />
CFD and rapid prototype concepts, 2) large scale laboratory flotation machines<br />
and 3) a pilot unit of 1.5 m3. Bubble size, power, pumping capacity, Jg, velocity<br />
profiles, and tip speed tests were performed on both lab size and pilot units following<br />
a sequence that goes from hydrodynamic tests with water and solids to a<br />
flotation kinetic test in the lab and pilot tests. Over 200-laboratory flotation tests<br />
were conducted, with over 100 design combinations showing improved recovery<br />
from the original Dorr Oliver design. From the lab and CFD evaluation, including<br />
an innovated CFD model to predict the flotation probability for the new designs,<br />
designs were chosen with a better potential to be run in a 1.5m3 pilot flotation<br />
cell. As a result, FLSmidth came up with a unique mechanism design (rotor<br />
and stator) to decrease power and improve recovery. In addition, some designs<br />
have been identified to improve fine and/or coarse particle recovery.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Assessment of Particles-bubbles Collision Frequency Models Using<br />
Large-eddy Simulation of Homogenous Turbulence<br />
S. Ragab and H. Fayed; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
Collision frequency is a major contributor to the recovery rate constant of flotation<br />
cells, and therefore it must be computed accurately for reliable computation<br />
of the recovery rate within the pulp phase. Abrahamson model and its subsequent<br />
modifications by other researchers is almost always used to compute the<br />
collision frequency, but it is only valid for very high inertia particles (infinite<br />
Stokes number), and therefore it severely overestimates the collision frequency.<br />
New theoretical frequency models have been recently developed for finite inertia<br />
particles, but they need to be validated. In this paper, Large-eddy simulation<br />
(LES) has been used to validate new theoretical models for collision frequency of<br />
bubbles and particles suspended in isotropic homogeneous turbulence. The frequency<br />
found by LES is compared to theoretical frequency models in the practical<br />
range of particle Stokes number. The validated theoretical frequency of collision<br />
models have been implemented into a CFD-based flotation model and<br />
applied to two well known industrial flotation machines.<br />
11:05 AM<br />
CFD Analysis of Two-phase Flow in WEMCO SuperCells<br />
H. Fayed and S. Ragab; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
Two-phase (water and air) flow in a self aerated WEMCO flotation machine has<br />
been investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Flow in WEMCO<br />
300 m3 and 500 m3 machines are simulated. Due to the large volume of these<br />
flotation cells, a 72-deg sector has been simulated to reduce the computation<br />
time. The flow is resolved in the hood and disperser holes. Since Wemco machines<br />
are self aerated machines, air flow rate is not known a priori. Inlet and<br />
outlet boundary conditions that allow air to flow in and out of the machine at a<br />
specified atmospheric pressure are imposed. These boundary conditions allow<br />
prediction of air flow rate through the Wemco machines as a function of time instead<br />
of forcing an assumed air flow rate. An overflow tank is utilized to allow<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
69<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
the pulp interface in the tank to rise as air accumulates in the pulp. A uniform<br />
bubble diameter of 0.7 mm is assumed. Air volume fraction contours, velocity<br />
vectors and profiles are presented and discussed.<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Plant design and optimization I<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
J. Lommen, Consultant, Socorro, NM<br />
9:05 AM<br />
When Laboratory Work and Operating Plant Don’t Agree:<br />
Commercializing the Caron Ammonia-ammonia Carbonate<br />
Ni Process<br />
L. Southwick; L.M. Southwick & Assoc., Cincinnati, OH<br />
In the early 1940s, the Caron ammonia-ammonia carbonate leach process was<br />
used to produce nickel from Mayari ores at the Nicaro plant in Oriente Province,<br />
Cuba. While plant operation was generally successful, it was not broadly economical<br />
and was shut down. The plant was later restarted in the 1950s and a<br />
number of investigations initiated to resolve the more serious operational and<br />
performance issues. Troublesome processing steps studied included iron reduction<br />
(chemistry nickel and iron, reductant, equipment), ore variability (homogeneity<br />
and consistency of mineral concentrations, serpentine vs. laterite), leach<br />
solution strength, nickel recovery (temperature reduction and leaching, reoxidation)<br />
and a variety of other topics. These studies and their findings will be discussed.<br />
Caron himself obtained good results on these ores in the laboratory. They<br />
could not be duplicated in the field, the reasons for which will be reviewed.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Electrowinning Precious Metals from Cyanide Solution Using<br />
EMEW Technology<br />
M. Mooiman 1 , I. Ewart 2 and J. Robinson 2 ; 1 College of Graduate and<br />
Professional Studies, Franklin Pierce University, Concord, NH and<br />
2<br />
Electrometals Technologies Ltd, O’ Fallon, MO<br />
The recovery of gold and silver from cyanide bearing solutions using electrowinning<br />
technology designed by Electrometals Corporation is reviewed. The technology<br />
can be considered as a complete or partial replacement for Merrill Crowe<br />
technology and offers several advantages in high grade solutions. It has been successfully<br />
implemented in copper electrowinning applications, silver refining and<br />
in mining operations for recovery of gold and silver. The advantages of the<br />
EMEW approach and actual plant applications and practices are evaluated<br />
and discussed.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Best Practices in Material Selection and Design for<br />
Hydrometallurgical Equipment<br />
D. Kelley and T. Johnson; Ashland Inc, Dublin, OH<br />
Hydrometallurgical processes can be exceptionally corrosive. Operating conditions<br />
associated with metal extraction and refining require materials of construction<br />
that can withstand process acids and acid chlorides at temperatures up to<br />
90∞C. Process vessels, piping, scrubbers and ducting can be rapidly compromised<br />
in these aggressive environments if not designed with great care. Design engineers<br />
are frequently challenged to find materials of construction that can stand<br />
up to hydrometallurgical processes especially for copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt and<br />
uranium. This paper will evaluate a variety of material solutions to determine<br />
which provide attractive economics for initial procurement as well as high durability<br />
for reasonable life cycle costs. The comparative cost and durability information<br />
presented is intended to enable design engineers and material specialists to<br />
choose materials of construction that will be the most beneficial for their projects.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
25 Years of FRP Performance at a Copper Smelting<br />
Sulfuric Acid Plant<br />
R. Moubarac 1 , G. Landry 2 , G. Clarkson 3 and K. Townsend 4 ; 1 Experco<br />
Composites Inc., Pierrefonds, QC, Canada; 2 Fabricated Plastics,<br />
Maple, ON, Canada; 3 UTComp, Cambridge, ON, Canada and 4 RPS<br />
Composites, Mahon Bay, NS, Canada<br />
The sulfuric acid plant at a copper smelting operation in Northern Quebec will<br />
celebrate its silver jubilee in 2013, with 25 years in service. The performance of<br />
FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics) equipment will be reviewed. Case histories<br />
will be presented by the FRP equipment manufacturers, with a video, and pictures<br />
of the FRP tanks, absorption towers, piping, ducting, electrostatic precipitators,<br />
and grating, in service since 1988. A report of the yearly inspections of that<br />
equipment will be given by the inspection company.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Molybdenum Flotation Practice – Cell Selection Types and<br />
Design Considerations<br />
D. Meadows, D. Jensen, A. Weber, F. Traczyk and S. Yu; FLSmidth,<br />
Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Several of the larger copper projects built in recent times have included a<br />
Molybdenum byproduct circuit as part of the overall project due to the favorable<br />
molybdenum market conditions and overall economic contribution to the project.<br />
This paper provides a summary of moly plant flotation practices across a<br />
number of both recent projects and historical ones. Modern Moly flotation flowsheets<br />
predominantly incorporate either Inert gas cells or forced air machines<br />
with nitrogen addition and as a final cleaner column flotation . The paper provides<br />
an insight into the process considerations, capital and operating costs associated<br />
with both of the cell types. It also reviews metallurgical aspects and important<br />
safety aspects. Other aspects including instrumentation and degree of<br />
automation are also discussed along with overall plant design aspects.<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
research and characterization<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: T. Bhambhani, Cytec Industries, Inc., Stamford, CT<br />
M. Vasudevan, Cytec Industries, Inc., Stamford, CT<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
The Simulation of Solvent Extraction Plants: Application to the<br />
Separation of Rare Earth Elements<br />
C. Bazin and V. Ouellet; Mining and metallurgy, Laval University,<br />
Quebec, QC, Canada<br />
The separation of rare earth elements is a complicated process that is currently<br />
carried out using liquid/liquid separation. Detailed flow sheets of solvent extraction<br />
plants for the separation of rare earth elements are rarely available in the literature<br />
which limits the opportunity to teach and test the applicability of modern<br />
methods of data reconciliation and process control to these processes. A simulator<br />
for solvent extraction for the separation of rare earth elements is described in this<br />
paper. A module is used to simulate the operation of a mixer settler. Mixer settlers<br />
are then combined into batteries of units for extraction, scrubbing and stripping.<br />
Finally batteries are combined to simulate circuits for the separation of heavy rare<br />
earth elements from light rare earth elements, and to simulate the separation of individual<br />
rare earths. The program simulates the steady state process separation of<br />
several rare earth elements and provides data for testing the application of data<br />
reconciliation techniques for material balancing of the plant operation.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Estimating the Residual Inventory of a Large Gold Heap Leach<br />
J. Winterton; AngloGold Ashanti, Denver, CO<br />
Estimating the residual metal inventory of large heap leaching operations is desirable<br />
for many reasons. Several methods have been tried with limited success.<br />
Drilling data from the Valley Leach Facility at AngloGold Ashanti’s Cripple<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
70<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Creek and Victor Gold Mine has been used to develop a robust inventory estimation<br />
technique. The technique is presented along with discussion of the particular<br />
inventory components and evaluation methodologies.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Understanding and Modeling Xanthate Decomposition Behavior<br />
Under Processing Conditions<br />
Y. Shen 1 , P. Somasundaran 1 , R. Farinato 2 and D. Nagaraj 2 ; 1 Earth and<br />
Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY<br />
and 2 Mining Department, Cytec Industries, Stamford, CT<br />
Large efforts have gone into the investigation of the role of xanthate in the mineral<br />
processing and the understanding of its mechanism for optimum metallurgical<br />
performance, while another equally essential challenge understanding xanthate<br />
decomposition behavior has not received enough attention. The majority of past<br />
work was sporadic and unilateral on idealized systems. This deviation from pragmatic<br />
practice involving in the complex real systems leads to a lack of complete<br />
understanding of its contributions to SHE (safety, health and environment) concerns.<br />
Thus this study aims to provide a complete understanding and modeling of<br />
the xanthate decomposition behavior under simulated real processing conditions.<br />
Current research with the focus on decomposition behavior in flotation shows that<br />
various aspects of the conditions, such as solid content, time and xanthate dosage,<br />
all affect xanthate decomposition variously. Even though the mechanism of decomposition<br />
is still under investigation, the preliminary results provide insights on<br />
xanthate decomposition behavior under high solids allowing reduced water consumption<br />
and also possibility of utilization of sea water.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Partial Volume Correction for 3D Segmentation of<br />
Tomographic Data<br />
Y. Wang, C. Lin and J. Miller; Metallurgical Engineering, University<br />
of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Recently high resolution X-ray micro CT (HRXMT) systems have been used for<br />
3D quantitative analysis of multiphase particulate systems. The analysis involves<br />
the separation and identification of individual particles in a packed particle bed.<br />
The spatial mineralogical composition of each particle is then established. In this<br />
way, sampling and analysis of multiphase particle populations can be facilitated<br />
to provide 3D information for liberation analysis. One of the problems faced in<br />
determination of the three-dimensional spatial distribution of mineral phases in a<br />
multiphase particle population is the partial volume effect (PVE) which can limit<br />
quantitative analysis in some cases. PVE refers to the blurring effect and sampling<br />
error of the finite discrete voxels which affect image intensities of multiphase particles.<br />
This paper presents an approach for PVE correction based on the computation<br />
of boundary characteristics in a multiphase particle and using this information<br />
to guide the identification of the correct boundaries for high density<br />
mineral phases. With this new approach, improvement in the determination of<br />
the liberation-limited grade/recovery curve is discussed.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling of an Air-Based<br />
Table Separator<br />
T. Ghosh, A. Salazar and R. Honaker; Mining Engineering,<br />
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY<br />
Contemporary dry coal cleaning technologies offer significant benefits including<br />
effective, low-cost separations while reducing the environmental impacts from<br />
processing coal and minerals due to the elimination of water as a medium. Dry<br />
density-based air tables have proven to be a favorable technology in the processing<br />
of both raw and recyclable materials. Previous efforts to understand the separation<br />
mechanisms provided by the air table units have mainly been empirical in<br />
nature. This publication reports the findings of the first attempts to study the separation<br />
process based on a numerical modeling approach. Commercial computation<br />
fluid dynamic (CFD) software was used to model the fluidized particle bed<br />
on a vibrating vertical plane using a 3-dimensional simulation. The vibration of<br />
the separator pan was accounted for by using dynamically moving grids. The<br />
model was developed and correlated using experimental data collected from a<br />
laboratory air table separator. After correlation, simulations were performed to<br />
study the physical and operating parameter effects on performance in an attempt<br />
to maximize the efficiency achievable by the dry cleaning process.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Coupled Role of Ionic Strength and Ion Valence on<br />
Bubble-malachite Interaction<br />
W. Chae 1 , J. Choi 1 , G. Hwang 1 , W. Kim 2 , S. Kim 2 , S. Kim 1 and H.<br />
Kim 1 ; 1 Department of Mineral Resources and Energy Engineering,<br />
Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea and<br />
2<br />
Mineral Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience<br />
and Mineral Resources, Daejeon, Republic of Korea<br />
The influence of solution ionic strength and electrolyte valence on the flotation<br />
behavior of malachite has been investigated. The microflotation tests were conducted<br />
over a range of solution ionic strength (IS) (1300 mM) at a constant<br />
speed, pH (pH=9.5), flotation time (10 min), and collector (sodium oleate)<br />
dosage (2x10-6 moles/g). The size of malachite ranged from 45 to 53 …m, and<br />
two different types of electrolytes (NaCl and CaCl2) were employed.<br />
Electrophoretic mobility was also measured over the same IS range employed in<br />
the microflotation study. Overall, strong coupled effect of solution IS and ion valence<br />
was observed. Specifically, the flotability of malachite increased with increasing<br />
IS in the presence of monovalent cations (Na+) while the flotability increased<br />
up to 30 mM and decreased with increasing IS in the presence of divalent<br />
cations (Ca2+). Notably, the flotability of malachite was greater with the presence<br />
of Na+ compared with Ca2+ under high IS conditions(IS>30 mM). The<br />
characterization and flotation results suggest that the trend was explained by the<br />
extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) prediction.<br />
11:05 AM<br />
Coupled Role of Sulphidizers and Xanthates on the Electrokinetic<br />
Property and Flotation Behavior of Malachite<br />
G. Park 1 , J. Choi 1 , Y. Han 2 , H. Kim 3 and H. Kim 1 ; 1 Department of<br />
Mineral Resources and Energy Engineering, Chonbuk National<br />
University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; 2 Department of Natural<br />
Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University,<br />
Seoul, Republic of Korea and 3 Mineral Resources Research Division,<br />
Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon,<br />
Republic of Korea<br />
Coupled influence of sulphidizers and xanthates on the electrokinetic property<br />
and flotation behavior of malachite was systematically examined via electrophoretic<br />
mobility (EM) measurements and microflotation tests. The EM results<br />
for the malachite before and after surface modification with different types<br />
(Na2S, NaHS, (NH4)2S) and amounts (1E-7-5E-4 moles/g) of sulphidizers,<br />
showed that the isoelectric points (IEP) of malachite differed at the low dosage<br />
level depending on the type of the sulphidizer, which ranged between 5.5 and<br />
9.2. However, the IEP values were observed to be shifted from high to low pH<br />
values with increasing amount of sulphidizers and finally reached plateau at ca.<br />
pH 3, indicating that the sulphidizers played a different role on changing the surface<br />
property of malachite, which were qualitatively consistent with the adsorption<br />
behavior of sulfur ions onto the malachite surface. In order to further understand<br />
the effect of sulphidizers on the electrokinetic property and flotation<br />
behavior of malachite in a sulphidizer+xanthate system, IEP and flotation efficiency<br />
were determined and theoretical approach based on extended DLVO theory<br />
was conducted.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Geology:<br />
entering the realm of the rare earths<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: J. Hedrick, Hedrick Consultants Inc., Burke, VA<br />
J. Davis, Missouri Geological Survey, Rolla, MO<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Exploration for REE and Gold in the Bear Lodge Tertiary Alkaline<br />
Complex, Crook County, Wyoming<br />
J. Ray and R. Geological Staff; Rare Element Resources Inc.,<br />
Wheat Ridge, CO<br />
RER is developing the Bear Lodge REE deposit in NE Wyoming. REE mineralization<br />
is hosted in carbonatites that intrude diatremic breccias and alkalic intru-<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
71<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
sive rocks of Tertiary age. Significant gold mineralization is distributed peripheral<br />
to and partly overlapping the REE mineralization. Exploration techniques, including<br />
geologic mapping, geophysics, soil and rock geochemistry and drilling<br />
were effectively used to discover minable reserves of REE and more than 1 million<br />
ounces of gold. Geologic mapping of lithology, structure, alteration, and<br />
mineralization provides a foundation for the exploration of the 50 square mile igneous<br />
complex. Poor rock exposure in the Bear Lodge complex is compensated<br />
by the collection and analysis of over 9000 soil and 7000 rock samples, which reveal<br />
geochemical vectors for both REE and gold mineralization. Geophysical<br />
methods employed include airborne and ground magnetics and radiometrics,<br />
gravity and CSAMT. Specific geophysical signatures are correlated with aspects<br />
of lithology, structure, alteration, and mineralization. These varied data are currently<br />
playing a key role in the delineation of mineralization and district-wide<br />
REE and gold zonation.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Research on Chinese Rare Earth Current Situation and<br />
Development Strategy<br />
C. Lou and J. Tien; Mining Engineering, Missouri University of<br />
Science and Technology, Rolla, MO<br />
Never is there a kind of mineral like rare earth that catches peoples eyes with its<br />
unique characteristics such as resource-nonrenewable, regional-maldistribution<br />
and function- irreplaceable as well as muti-intervention since globally large scale<br />
mining, development and utilization began in the mid-twentieth century. China,<br />
as the biggest economic entity in rare earth production, application and exportation<br />
currently, plays a significant role in rare earth supplement and raw processing<br />
around the world and cooperates closely with other counties in production,<br />
supplement, quota, pricing and exportation as the economic globalization goes<br />
deeply, however ramifications and contradictions exist. This article will give a<br />
comprehensive exposition about Chinese current situation of REs development,<br />
Chinese government planning for future RE mining and protection as well as the<br />
global trading and cooperation. The article will also thoroughly discuss the RE<br />
project and plan in China deployed by Japan, Australia and United States.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Molycorp Project Phoenix<br />
D. Cordier; Geology, Molycorp, Greenwood Village, CO<br />
Molycorp will provide an update on Project Phoenix, its historic expansion and<br />
modernization of its flagship rare earth facility at Mountain Pass, California.<br />
where we are the only producer of rare earths in the Western Hemisphere.<br />
Following our modernization and expansion, we will become one of a major<br />
global producer of rare earths. The first phase of our new plant will be completed<br />
in the 4th quarter of 2012. The second phase of our plant expansion will be completed<br />
in 2013.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
High-Neodymium, -Samarium and -Yttrium Contents in Monazite-<br />
(Nd) at Lemhi Pass, Idaho and Montana, USA<br />
G. Schifrin 1 and J. Hedrick 2 ; 1 Minex Exploration, Sandpoint, ID and<br />
2<br />
Hedrick Consultants, Inc., Burke, VA<br />
Rock samples were collected by U.S. Rare Earths (USRE) at various veins along<br />
the Dan Patch fault in the Lemhi Pass area of Idaho and Montana. Rock samples<br />
were analyzed for a range of elements including the REEs using fusion- and ICPmass<br />
spectrometry. Data confirmed and expanded the earlier USGS work by<br />
Mortimer Staatz in 1972 that primarily focused on thorium, but included thoriumbearing<br />
monazite. Based on earlier work by Anthony N. Mariano, Ph.D., the highneodymium,<br />
samarium, and yttrium content is believed to occur almost entirely in<br />
the mineral monazite-(Nd). Research to confirm this was completed in 2011 using<br />
unfiltered short wave ultraviolet reflection which showed no rare-earth bearing<br />
minerals, other than monazite, which exhibited the green reflected light phenomena<br />
caused by the presence of light-group rare-earth elements (LREE).<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Matamec Explorations Inc.: the HREE-Zr-Y Kipawa Deposit and<br />
Other Showings<br />
A. Gauthier and F. Fleury; Matamec Explorations Inc., Montreal,<br />
QC, Canada<br />
The Kipawa Heavy Rare Earth Deposit, under development by Matamec<br />
Explorations, is located in southern Canada, on the Quebec-side of the Ontario-<br />
Quebec border. The deposit is set in a peralcaline intrusive syenite with two silicate<br />
(Eudialyte and Mosandrite) as the main rare-earth-bearing minerals. The<br />
project is in the advanced stages of development, with the beginning of production<br />
set for 2015-2016. In that fast-track optics, a lot of exciting events have occurred<br />
in the past year. Chief among these are a 20 000 meters definition and exploration<br />
drilling campaign, the completion of two 15-ton pilot plants based on<br />
Matamecs simple, 2-step extraction process and the signing of the final papers<br />
with Toyota Tsusho Corp’s subsidiary Toyotsu Rare Earth Canada Inc.<br />
Feasibility Study is scheduled for 2013, with production slated for 2015-2016.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
The Nechalacho Rare Metal Deposit, Northwest Territories,<br />
Canada The Importance of Mineralogy<br />
W. Mercer 1 , M. Heiligmann 1 , V. Moller 2 , T. Grammatikopolous 3 ,<br />
A. Williams-Jones 2 and J. Pedersen 1 ; 1 Exploration, Avalon Rare<br />
Metals Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada; 2 Earth and Planetary Sciences,<br />
McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada and 3 SGS Minerals,<br />
Peterborough, ON, Canada<br />
The Nechalacho rare earth element (REE), Zr, Nb and Ta deposit is hosted in the<br />
Aphebian Blachford Lake alkaline intrusive complex. Avalon Rare Metals is focused<br />
on development of the high heavy rare earth Basal Zone. Basal Zone measured<br />
and indicated resources comprise 72.66 Mt grading 1.53% TREO (total rare<br />
earth oxides) including 0.26% HREO (Eu through Lu, including Y). REE mineralization<br />
is hosted in hydrothermally altered >1100 m thick, 2 km wide, layered<br />
aegirine-nepheline-sodalite syenite. Mineralogical studies involving petrography,<br />
electron microprobe, Qemscan© and Laser ICP-MS has enhanced understanding<br />
of REE-mineralogy and textures leading to successful metallurgical processing.<br />
The ore zone contains an assemblage of zircon, monazite, allanite, bastn‰site,<br />
fergusonite, columbite, magnetite, biotite and quartz replacing primary magmatic<br />
zircono-silicates such as eudialyte and other minerals. Textures referred to<br />
as cumulate, pseudomorphs and wavy banded have been recognised and logged<br />
in detail. These are recognised as geometallurgical ore types and are a key input<br />
into understanding the metallurgical performance of the deposit.<br />
11:05 AM<br />
Spectral Studies of Neodymium (III) in Bastnasites and Monazite –<br />
Extreme Nephaleuxetic Effect<br />
S. Sinha 1 and J. Hedrick 2 ; 1 Rare Earths R Us, Dayton, OH and<br />
2<br />
Hedrick Consultants, Inc., Burke, VA<br />
Europium is a menber of the light-group rare-earth elements (LREE) with six f-<br />
electrons in its ourer shell. Europium oxide occurs as a sesquioxide with the formula<br />
Eu2O3, however it will readily form divalent compounds.This property is<br />
important in separating it from the orther rare-earth lelemens. Its electronic structure<br />
in both the trivalent and divalent states sets europium apart from the rest of<br />
the group and provides it with a myriad of properties and charateristics. An array<br />
of colors can be created from europiums compounds, creating reds, greens, and<br />
blues, and combined to create white. .Although its phosphorescent compounds<br />
are its primary use its structure as both a metal, alloy, and compound provide an<br />
array of applications.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Implementing Success:<br />
Global Mining Standards and Guidelines<br />
for operational excellence<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
H. Ednie 1 ; P. Wan 2 ; A. Chapman 3 ; T. Skinner 4 ; Z. Lukacs 5 ; 1 CIM<br />
Mining Standards and Guidelines Committee, Montreal, QC,<br />
Canada; 2 Teck Resources, Vancouver, BC, Canada; 3 Barrick Gold<br />
Corporation, Toronto, ON, Canada; 4 SMART Systems Group,<br />
Calgary, AB, Canada; 5 KMC Mining, Calgary, AB, Canada<br />
Mining operations around the globe strive to operate safely, efficiently, while<br />
achieving continuous improvement. The high tech, complicated operating environment<br />
is further challenged by a sense of operating in silos, as mining companies<br />
aim to increase performance. In this environment, a more cohesive approach<br />
is needed. The CIM Mining Standards and Guidelines Committee (MSGC) was<br />
launched in spring 2012 to fill a void and create an information hub and global<br />
network on standards and guidelines for mining, and to support the advancement<br />
of utilization of standards and guidelines in the global mining industry. MSGC<br />
brings all stakeholders together, supporting the creation and application of new<br />
and existing standards and guidelines.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
72<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
With the proliferation of intelligent onboard devices on mining equipment, developing<br />
an industry standard or guideline for connectivity to onboard devices is<br />
a critical next step in facilitating easy access to the data, which is still a major<br />
challenge for industry stakeholders, and is a primary project for MSGC. Other<br />
key projects include: Development of a Common User Interface for Large<br />
Shovels by SA Technologies with support of Barrick and Teck; onboard information<br />
usage benchmark definitions for engineering, operations, maintenance and<br />
reliability; and a Global operational mining standards scoping study to establish<br />
the baseline of what standards exist.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Management: Project cost estimates and<br />
economic analysis<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
S. Stebbins, Aventurine Mine Cost Engineering,<br />
Spokane, WA<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Cost Estimating Standards for NI 43-101 Reports: What Are They?<br />
What Should They Be?<br />
O. Schumacher; InfoMine USA, Inc., Spokane, WA<br />
Canadian National Instrument 43-101 establishes detailed standards for reporting<br />
of resource and reserve information, while standards for estimating and reporting<br />
the cost of mining those resources are seriously lacking. This paper explores<br />
what the standards are and how they are applied. It concludes with the<br />
authors opinion of what the standards should be.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Are Estimators Getting it Right? Comparing Actual and<br />
Estimated Costs<br />
J. Leinart; InfoMine USA, Inc., Spokane Valley, WA<br />
One of the issues that plagues cost estimators is whether all aspects (i.e., labor,<br />
supplies, equipment operation, and equipment purchase) of the primary cost<br />
data used in the economic evaluation of mineral projects are accurate. What is<br />
their relative importance and impact on project costs? In this study, these relationships<br />
were examined separately for underground and surface mining, and<br />
mineral processing. After isolating pertinent cost aspects, comparisons were<br />
made between the data from published sources and actual wages, supply costs,<br />
and equipment purchase prices as reported by mine and mineral processing<br />
plant operators. Upon analyzing the relevance of the datas reliability for each<br />
cost aspect, the differences between the published pre-feasibility cost data and<br />
the reported actual development and operating cost data were quantified and the<br />
impacts discussed. Here, the results of the study are presented in terms both of<br />
the quantified reliability of available cost data versus reported cost data, and of<br />
the impact of the reliability of published cost data on the relevance of the results<br />
of a pre-feasibility analysis.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Applications of Mine Cost Estimations in U.S. Bureau of Land<br />
Management Work<br />
M. Shumaker 1 , R. Deery 2 and A. Young 3 ; 1 Washington Office,<br />
WO-320, Division of Solid Minerals, Bureau of Land Management,<br />
Phoenix, AZ; 2 Washington Office, WO-320, Division of Solid Minerals,<br />
Bureau of Land Management, Washington, DC, DC and 3 Idaho<br />
State Office, Bureau of Land Management, Boise, ID<br />
The U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) uses mine cost estimates in a<br />
number of different ways. These include estimating any and all aspects of the<br />
costs of mining, milling, processing and reclamation (called mine cost estimates<br />
for simplicity). The estimates are used when performing mining claim validity examinations<br />
and valid existing rights evaluations and then comparing them<br />
against the gross in-place value (an oft-misused term nowadays) of potential resources<br />
in the ground, as well as the probable returns based on the actual cost estimate.<br />
Other uses of mine cost estimates include the costs of reclamation, remediation<br />
and any other situations that fit. When a mine cost estimate must be<br />
submitted to BLM, we dont require a particular method of estimation, only that<br />
the outcome be reasonable and well-documented. We need to be able to figure<br />
out what was done in the estimate we receive and be able to confirm it independently.<br />
For these purposes, BLM employs a very small cadre of Certified Mineral<br />
Examiners who are trained in aspects of mineral property evaluation.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Enterprice Value – An Alternative Approach to Project Delivery<br />
R. Roos; ABB, Milton, QLD, Australia<br />
As we are all well aware, embarking on a major project within the resources sector<br />
is a high stakes, high risk investment. Years are spent in exploration, geotechnical<br />
studies, various levels of feasibility studies, and sourcing funding, in an effort<br />
to establish a productive mining operation that will generate sufficient<br />
financial returns to attract investors to the project. Investors often sink huge sums<br />
of money into projects in the expectation that they will achieve the desired returns<br />
over time. However investors are also aware that projects are likely to have<br />
significant negative cash flows for months possibly even years before expected<br />
returns are generated. While there are many risks that are exogenous to the project<br />
exchange rates, commodity prices etc. There are many project centric risks<br />
that can be controlled, and when done so effectively, will yield improved financial<br />
performance. This paper considers the issues associated with the building of capital<br />
assets for mining projects with particular attention focused on the traditional<br />
methods currently used to source and procure key elements of the project, and alternatives<br />
that should be considered today.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Price Prediction of Copper Using Artificial Neural Network and<br />
Time Series Techniques<br />
M. Basiri and Z. Fathabadi; Mining Eng., Tarbiat Modares<br />
University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran<br />
Manufacturing enterprises are always encountered risks and price volatility for<br />
their financial activities such as economical analysis, investment, etc. These fluctuations<br />
and future uncertainties have a substantial impact in their evaluations.<br />
Consequently the market scholars are constantly looking for an optimum forecasting<br />
technique enable them to have a tranquility market. Copper has several<br />
uses in the industries and plays a central role in the industrial and economical development<br />
of countries. The copper price fluctuations in the different periods act<br />
as an indicator for presenting the world economical conditions. In this paper, we<br />
introduce a method which can predict the copper price using the Artificial Neural<br />
Network and Time Series methods as well as considering the monthly copper<br />
prices and the effective parameters on price changes. Finally the validity of the<br />
constructed model was evaluated. The results present that the intelligent methods<br />
such as Artificial Neural Networks are enable to forecast the copper price with<br />
lower level of errors, comparison with the other time series techniques with R2=<br />
0.96, MSE=0.003, VAF= 80.7 and NSE=0.99.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
operations: When optimization,<br />
Planning & reality collide in Surface<br />
Mining operations<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: C. Roos, Newmont Mining Corp.,<br />
Greenwood Village, CO<br />
T. Elenbaas, Newmont Mining Corp.,<br />
Greenwood Village, CO<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Changing Perspective: Maintaining Production Through<br />
Challenging Geotechnical Events at Gold Quarry<br />
N. Bennett 2 , R. Sheets 2 , T. Webber 2 and C. Weber 1 ; 1 Newmont Mining<br />
Corp., Greenwood Village, CO and 2 Newmont Mining Corporation,<br />
Carlin, NV<br />
On December 24, 2009 a major geotechnical event shut down production at<br />
Newmonts Gold Quarry open pit mine in Carlin, Nevada. A second event closed<br />
off access to the Chukar underground portal mine in December 2010. With<br />
safety as a priority, an innovative plan was developed and achieved to stabilize<br />
the highwall, develop a new access to the Chukar underground mine, and bring<br />
Gold Quarry back into gold production by April 2011.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
73<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
9:25 AM<br />
What Happened to My Gold? Questions to Ask Your Modeler<br />
A. Jewbali, T. Elenbaas and C. Roos; Newmont Mining Corp, Greenwood<br />
Village, CO<br />
Mining engineers rely on resource models as the basis for their mine plans.<br />
However, many of the assumptions for grade-tonnage relationships or resource<br />
classification are not well-communicated between the geostatistician and the<br />
mine planner. This talk outlines some of the common assumptions and the risks<br />
that engineers may be taking when elevating cutoff grades, optimizing schedules,<br />
or generating forecasts.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Tired of Hearing Why Did the Mine Plan Change?<br />
T. Bush and C. Roos; Newmont Mining Corp.,<br />
Greenwood Village, CO<br />
Plan erosion is the term given to the loss in value as the mine planning level of detail<br />
increases. The value loss could be associated with a project as it transitions<br />
from pre-feasibility to feasibility and then in to operation or could be the loss in<br />
value as the long range mine plan becomes the short range mine plan. This paper<br />
documents some of the techniques in the areas of practical mining constraints<br />
and model variability that Newmont uses to minimize the impacts of plan erosion<br />
on advanced projects.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Take Time for Pit Phase Design<br />
A. Eccles; Newmont Mining Corp, Greenwood Village, CO<br />
Phase designs are the foundation upon which all open pit mine sequence optimizations<br />
and budgets should be built. Unfortunately, at times, mine engineers<br />
skip the step of developing realistic pit phase designs - designs that include access<br />
ramps and mineable widths. Without mineable phase designs, their Optimized<br />
schedules are based on theoretical pit shells or quick-and-dirty plans with no<br />
ramps. The output from such optimizations is almost always overly optimistic.<br />
Without mineable designs, the production estimates are misleading, because they<br />
overestimate ore, and underestimate waste stripping requirements. Worse yet,<br />
when plans are not based on realistic phase designs, they can point to exactly the<br />
wrong decision in feasibility studies (i.e. go when it should be no-go ). This paper<br />
discusses the importance and features of good pit phase design, and demonstrates<br />
the pitfalls of relying on optimized production sequences that are not<br />
based on properly designed pit phases.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Mine Production Scheduling Optimization at Newmonts<br />
Twin Creeks Mine<br />
K. Kawahata, P. Schumacher and R. Hufford; Newmont Mining<br />
Corporation, Golconda, NV<br />
Newmonts Twin Creeks Mine, located in northern Nevada, is producing gold ore<br />
from surface mining operations. The ore is currently processed at three different<br />
on site facilities depending on the ore type and the grade. The processing facilities<br />
operate under stringent geochemical blending contraints that must be met from<br />
mine ore deliveries and off site sourced ore. To analyze various strategic options,<br />
we utilize the mathematical optimization approach. However, due to the size and<br />
the complexity of the operation, we face challenges in optimizing life of mine<br />
production scheduling. We describe those challenges and the methodology that<br />
we are taking to overcome those by using different scheduling software to compensate<br />
each other to get reasonable guidance. We also describe how those scheduling<br />
results are reflected in detailed mine plan and cost estimate work.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
From Optimization to Operations: Bridging the Planning Gap<br />
C. Taylor 1 and O. Wyberneit 2 ; 1 Runge Mining Canada Ltd., Toronto,<br />
ON, Canada and 2 Runge Inc., Denver, CO<br />
Bridging the gap between long and mid-range planning horizons in order to develop<br />
an executable plan without destroying value is a problem which is faced by<br />
many planning engineers. Due to the complexity of most mines optimization<br />
tools tend to simplify the problem so it becomes more manageable. This often<br />
means reducing the number of scheduling blocks, number of materials and number<br />
of destinations. This approach does not lend itself to modelling of real world<br />
mining constraints which often leads to unachievable plans and unrealistic expectations.<br />
The approach used by Runge at many sites to bridge this planning gap involves<br />
stewarding to the optimized plan while utilizing a rules based heuristic<br />
scheduling engine which ensures the sequence generated is operationally feasible.<br />
To ensure that as much of the original NPV is preserved as possible a post scheduling<br />
period product optimization logic is applied. This combination of heuristic<br />
scheduling and optimization logic ensures the value of each sequence is maximized.<br />
This process enables mine planners to deviate from the optimized sequence,<br />
when required, while ensuring the resultant plan is still maximizing potential<br />
value.<br />
11:05 AM<br />
Incorporating Cycle Time Dependency in Truck/Shovel Modeling<br />
A. Anani, B. Osei and K. Awuah-Offei; Mining, Missouri University<br />
of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO<br />
The need to optimize surface mining operations has led to the use of discrete<br />
event simulation (DES) modeling of truck-shovel systems. Often, these models<br />
assume truck cycle times are independent and identically distributed (iid) random<br />
variables although when there is significant bunching on the haul routes,<br />
this may not be valid. The objective of this paper is to present a methodology to<br />
(i) test whether cycle time data is iid; and (ii) account for dependence in truck<br />
cycle times. To test for dependence, truck cycle times were converted to a time series<br />
and statistical correlation test done on the time and cycle time differences. A<br />
time series approach that account for dependence caused by truck bunching is<br />
proposed and validated in ArenaÆ. This work extends the usefulness of DES in<br />
truck-shovel applications<br />
11:25 AM<br />
Mine Planning Efforts Associated with the Round Mountain Pit<br />
Northeast Wall Failure<br />
C. Mimica; Kinross Gold Corporation, CopiapÛ, Chile<br />
Truly understanding geotechnical parameters to reduce the risk associated with<br />
highwall instabilities is an issue throughout the mining industry due to limited<br />
capital availability. Even with the geotechnical investigations and modeling that<br />
are completed when a new pit design or pushback design is proposed, they do not<br />
ensure the absence risk. This paper presents the sequence of events that occurred<br />
when a major slide occurred on the northeast wall of the Round Mountain Pit in<br />
a major ore producing section of the mine and the mitigation effort to allow access<br />
to the affected area. Site technical services personnel worked closely with geotechnical<br />
consultants to prepare a remediation plan that included removing the<br />
upper benches of the slide while maintaining production access to a portion of<br />
the area below the failure during remediation. <strong>Full</strong> access to the affected area was<br />
achieved approximately 8 months after the slide occurred.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology: how Software technology<br />
Makes My Job easier<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chair: R. Diaz, Maptek, Lakewood, CO<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
A GIS Model for Selection of Suitable Sites for Underground<br />
Coal Gasification<br />
Z. Hyder, N. Ripepi and M. Karmis; Mining and Minerals<br />
Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
Proper site selection is key to the success of Underground Coal Gasification<br />
(UCG) projects. Most important site selection parameters include coal rank, seam<br />
depth, seam thickness, dip, porosity & permeability, groundwater, available infrastructure<br />
and coal quality. This paper describes the development of a GIS model<br />
that helps in the selection of suitable sites for UCG, based on these selection parameters.<br />
The model uses powerful features of GIS software, ArcGIS and IDRISI<br />
and develops a general flowchart of the process that may be applied to any site.<br />
The paper explains all the steps required to develop and use this model such as<br />
data acquisition, data development, importing features from different data sources<br />
and databases, preparation of data layers in GIS software, identification of factors<br />
and constraints, standardizing, weighting and combining factors to form suitability<br />
scores and finally identification & ranking of suitable sites. The paper also describes<br />
the decision support techniques used for this model including development<br />
of tradeoff levels between factors, ranking and scaling of factors based on fuzzy<br />
membership, data uncertainty evaluation and risk management.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
74<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Predictive Modeling Applications in Mobile Equipment Monitoring<br />
D. Fisk; Mining Solutions, Honeywell Advanced Solutions, Toronto,<br />
ON, Canada<br />
Applying predictive modeling techniques is helping to improve the reliability of<br />
our hauling fleet and providing early indications of developing failures in engines,<br />
transmissions and frames. In this paper we discuss the modeling techniques<br />
being used, and the results that are being seen at copper and coal mines in<br />
North America. Once the model is created, the components being studied are<br />
continuously evaluated providing early indications of wear and developing<br />
faults that could affect the performance of the components, such as deteriorating<br />
suspension struts that can induce frame cracking. A number of examples will<br />
be reviewed.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Advanced Weather Systems for Mining Operations<br />
J. Foerster 2 and F. Mielli 1 ; 1 Schneider Electric, Alpharetta, GA and<br />
2<br />
Telvent / Schneider Electric, Burnsville, MN<br />
Mining operation is a complex business, besides the complexity of the ore characteristics<br />
and variability itself, mining planing and operations suffers from several<br />
external conditions and weather is one of them. Severe weather conditions<br />
can affect several aspects of the mining operations: Blasting, planing and scheduling,<br />
people safety, flooding among others. The objective is this paper is to present<br />
an advanced weather system able to deliver real-time critical weather information<br />
able to support mining operations and people safety; the proposed<br />
technology brings the most advanced technology for weather forecast, lightning<br />
information, precipitation forecasts, and alerts.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
RockWorks EarthApps – A Free Collection of 74 Geology<br />
<strong>Program</strong>s That Work With Google Earth<br />
J. Reed; Software Development, RockWare Incorporated,<br />
Golden, CO<br />
The RockWorks EarthApps represent a free collection of 74 mining-related programs<br />
that fall into two categories; (1) <strong>Program</strong>s that read data from a built-in<br />
datasheet and create diagrams within Google Earth, and (2) programs that extract<br />
data from Google Earth. <strong>Program</strong>s that create diagrams include: point<br />
mapping (e.g. borehole locations), proportionally scaled icons (e.g. geochemistry),<br />
and strike & dip symbols. Line mapping utilities include; polylines,<br />
parabolas and pipelines. Polygon mapping programs include; thematic mapping<br />
(e.g. geology), mining claims, and public land survey sections. Image overlay capabilities<br />
include; draping (e.g. geologic maps) and time-based animations.<br />
Vertical image display capabilities are centered on either midpoints (e.g. drillhole<br />
logs) or stretched between endpoints (e.g. cross-sections). The Flyover programs<br />
create virtual tours for site presentations. The cell-mapping includes a variety<br />
of algorithms (e.g. geochemical and geophysical contouring). Survey<br />
programs convert and export survey data to Google Earth as points and polygons.<br />
<strong>Program</strong>s that extract data from Google Earth include; points, lineations,<br />
polylines, and polygons.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
How Pitram Puts Newmont in Control with Automated<br />
Underground Data Capture<br />
L. Freemire 1 and J. Thompson 2 ; 1 Marketing, MICROMINE,<br />
Englewood, CO and 2 Pitram, MICROMINE, Denver, CO<br />
Todays miners must account for a vast array of data in the development and production<br />
stages of a mineral mine and particularly in the underground space.<br />
Fortunately, MICROMINEs automated data collection in underground mines<br />
has come to the rescue! As the global leader in high-tech mining solutions, MI-<br />
CROMINE produces a technology growth path for mine control as a mine develops.<br />
MICROMINEs mine control and management reporting software suite,<br />
Pitram, records, manages, processes and reports mine site data in real time. This<br />
allows for greater operational control which in turn allows for increased production,<br />
reduced costs, improved safety and reliable business intelligence to monitor<br />
progress against the mine plan. It is for these reasons that Newmont Mining<br />
Corp. chose to implement the Pitram software at its Leeville and Midas gold<br />
mines to continue building its legacy of industry-leading performance. Newmont<br />
attests to how timely and flexible Pitram is, and how valuable it has become for<br />
the mine managers who need the latest performance information to monitor and<br />
measure the mining operations against the mine plans.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Optimizing Mine Performance With Operational Analytics<br />
L. Berry; Operational Products, Mintec, Inc., Tucson, AZ<br />
Mines today are dealing with more data than ever, including heterogeneous data<br />
types and sources. Meanwhile, demand for information from the corporate office<br />
to the front-line engineersis ever increasing. Immediate access to business insight<br />
and analysis is becoming an operational imperative. The MineSight<br />
Performance Manager provides dashboards and analysis that goes beyond the<br />
what happened . It provides information that gives us why it happened and the<br />
impact on the performance of the plan, now and in the future. The benefits of<br />
having this performance information at our fingertips are immense, and have included<br />
improved fragmentation at a lower cost, improved truck/shovel productivity,<br />
and enhanced ore processing.<br />
11:05 AM<br />
The Mine Central Control Room: From Concept to Reality<br />
F. Mielli and K. Short; Schneider Electric, Alpharetta, GA<br />
One of the potential issues of modern mining operations is the excess of information,<br />
mostly generated by different systems and field devices. In other hand,<br />
mining operations lacks of specialized people in the field able to gather and use<br />
properly this information. The main concept of a central control room, is the<br />
ability to gather and transform automatically information from different sources<br />
and mines into business decisions, centralizing and monitoring them from a single<br />
location. Also the central control room acts as a complete repository of all the<br />
business operations: Mine planning, metrics, asset management, quality, process<br />
control, surveillance, sustainability information, emissions, energy information /<br />
energy efficiency projects, weather, among others. The objective of this paper, is<br />
to show the available tools today that enables the central control room concept<br />
able to empower people and keep them focused on their core operations.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology: Imaging technology in Mining<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
W. Johnson, Lhoist North America, Ripplemead, VA<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Determination of Volumetric Changes from Laser Scanning at an<br />
Underground Limestone Mine<br />
B. Slaker; Mining Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
The ability to detect and quantify ground movements in underground mine<br />
workings is of the utmost importance to the safety of miners and continuity of<br />
operations. Rib sloughage is one of the most common forms of underground deformations.<br />
Remote sensing techniques, such as laser scanning, can be used to<br />
quantify this rib sloughage, by recording precise, time-lapse point clouds of mine<br />
workings. In order to determine sloughage volumes and locations, a total of 11<br />
laser scans were performed 41 days apart around a pillar at the Kimballton underground<br />
limestone mine in Giles County, Virginia. During this period, significant<br />
sloughage and scaling occurred, allowing for differentiation between the initial<br />
and final point clouds.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
3D Feed Belt Image Analysis<br />
L. Hales, M. Hales and D. Collins; KnowledgeScape,<br />
Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Image analysis for feed belts and flotation has been used for over 20 years.<br />
However 3D analysis has just recently become feasible using steroscopic cameras<br />
and software. One such system will be described as well as its use in real-time mill<br />
modeling and expert control. 3D analysis has great potential to improve real-time<br />
control over that previously achieved with older 2D technologies and analysis.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
75<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
9:45 AM<br />
An Overview of Imaging Technologies at Newmont Mine Sites<br />
A. Adu-Acheampong; Newmont Gold, Denver, CO<br />
Photogrammetry and laser scanning are been employed at a number of<br />
Newmont mine sites to mitigate risks associated with conventional structural<br />
mapping, determining the geometry of voids from old underground workings,<br />
and generating topography in areas of slope instability. Laser scanning has also<br />
been used to evaluate as-built pit slope configurations with respect to design assumptions,<br />
operational practices, and rockfall potential. Remote sensing applications<br />
carried on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) have been used to generate<br />
base or progress topography at some sites in the recent past. This has been found<br />
to more convenient and less expensive in areas where cloud cover complicates<br />
planning of manned aerial photography missions. This paper discusses these applications,<br />
and provides commentary on advantages and disadvantages based on<br />
recent experience.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Application of Close Range Photogrammetry to Monitor<br />
Displacements in Mines<br />
S. Rezaei and A. Rahnama; Freeport McMoRan, Phoenix, AZ<br />
Moving ground in mining activities is inevitable; however comprehensive awareness<br />
of these movements is necessary to mitigate risk. Monitoring displacements<br />
in mining industry is a key tool for geomechanics risk management. Good monitoring<br />
may prevent unexpected failures and protect men and equipment. Close<br />
Range Photogrammetry (CRP) is a monitoring method with high accuracy, reliability,<br />
and cost effectiveness, and ability for measuring places that are inaccessible.<br />
This method has been demonstrated at the Freeport-McMoRan Safford<br />
Mine in Arizona. A fault related instability in part of the pit is reactive to mining,<br />
and provided opportunity to compare results between traditional monitoring<br />
methods and CRP. Both instability movements and tension crack changes<br />
have been monitored using CRP. In this project, multiple series of photos are<br />
taken at different times using Canon 5D Mark III digital camera, then<br />
PhotoModeler software has been used to make 3D models for each specific<br />
measurement event. Movement rates are determined by comparing different 3D<br />
models. These results are then compared to results of other monitoring methods to<br />
validate the CRP displacement method.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Comprehensive Geotechnical Assessment Using Laser Scanner<br />
Imaging at Underground Mines<br />
M. Haddock 1 , S. Otto 1 , Z. Hladysz 1 , M. Luxbacher 2 and S. Schiele 3 ;<br />
1<br />
Golder Associates Inc., St. Charles, MO; 2 Lhoist North America,<br />
Ripplemead, VA and 3 Maptek Inc., Lakewood, CO<br />
Accurate prediction of rock behavior and use of this information to select optimum<br />
ground control methods is of paramount importance to ensure safe, sustained<br />
mine operations. To respond to the needs of the mining industry, laser<br />
scanning technology has been developed to provide enhanced geotechnical assessment<br />
from laser-based mapping of structural features to analysis of data, culminating<br />
in the design of safe and stable excavations. In 2011 Golder Associates<br />
and Maptek, Inc., supported by engineering personnel from an active underground<br />
mine, performed laser scanning, underground excavation mapping and<br />
geotechnical assessment of room-and-pillar operations at a mine in the Eastern<br />
USA. The significant size of the excavations (100 ft in height and 60 ft in width),<br />
and the required accuracy and digital resolution presented a mapping and surveying<br />
challenge that was successfully addressed. The 3D digital models of the<br />
excavations and rock structure were used to develop a probabilistic assessment of<br />
structural controls on excavation stability for mine planning purposes.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Subsurface Imaging of an Underground Mine Using Electrical<br />
Resistivity Imaging<br />
M. Haddock, B. Waters and K. Davis; Golder Associates Inc.,<br />
St. Charles, MO<br />
Advances in electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) have led to more detailed and accurate<br />
prediction of subsurface conditions even in complex and highly irregular<br />
karst terrains. Geophysical data, when constrained by and calibrated to borehole<br />
data, can be used to fill in wide data gaps at a site in between intrusive borehole<br />
data and improve the overall understanding and conceptual model of subsurface<br />
conditions. This can result in better estimation of reserve and overburden volumes<br />
and can be used to provide geotechnical information such as identifying<br />
areas of weak fractured rock, karst solutioning, and groundwater inflow. A case<br />
study is provided where an extensive, detailed ERI survey was completed where<br />
an underground limestone mine is being planned. The land surface is characterized<br />
as a karst peneplain with a high density of sinkholes. The ERI data clearly<br />
delineate the top of bedrock and reveal the presence of lower resistivity cavities,<br />
interpreted as sediment and water filled karst voids, beneath the sinkholes. The<br />
ERI data are compared with borehole data and used to project a 3-dimensional<br />
model of the bedrock surface and subsurface voids.<br />
11:05 AM<br />
New Trends in Video Analytics and Surveillance Systems and its<br />
Potential Applications for the Mining Industry<br />
S. Paul 1 and F. Mielli 2 ; 1 Pelco by Schneider Electric, Fort Collins, CO<br />
and 2 Schneider Electric, Alpharetta, GA<br />
Mining operations is a complex industry that require an wider approach for surveillance<br />
systems: From process monitoring to people and assets protection<br />
Camera systems dont have eyes and brains but intelligent video analytics are the<br />
next best trend. Through constant automated digital screening and filtering,<br />
video analytics can identify specific conditions and notify operators of potential<br />
issues, allowing mining operations to make quick, informed decisions. The objective<br />
of this paper is to show new technologies in camera systems, thermal imaging<br />
and software able to bring intelligence to the security and surveillance systems<br />
and how they can help the mining industry.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology: next Generation Safety:<br />
research and technology Focused on<br />
developing Functional Safety<br />
cultures in Industry<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: K. Ray, Orica USA Inc., Gillette, NM<br />
M. Blattman, Blattman Brothers Consulting LLC,<br />
Cypress, TX<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Utilizing the Brain to Achieve a Culture that Values Safe Work<br />
E. Prazeres and M. Brown; Sentis USA, Aurora, CO<br />
Anyone who has attempted to change an organizations culture will attest to the<br />
complexities involved with such an endeavor. Culture is more than just the way<br />
things are done around here, but is a complex interaction of people with their environment.<br />
People carry their thoughts and attitudes with them to work every<br />
day, and it is these thoughts and attitudes that influence their behavior and ultimately<br />
determine the success of an initiative. Organizations focused on creating<br />
a culture that values safety must look at strategies that effectively change individual<br />
attitudes, and when it comes to change, motivation and moving thought into<br />
action, we are talking about the brain. In this presentation, we will examine what<br />
the new science of the brain tells us about decision making, error reduction, enhancing<br />
safety, and creating sustainable change in everything we do. Further to<br />
that we will present how the philosophy and approach was put into practice at a<br />
mine in the US.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Fatigue Risk Management Systems Applying ANSI Standards to<br />
Improve Occupational Health and Safety<br />
W. Sirois; Circadian Technologies, Inc., Stoneham, MA<br />
There is now a global body of scientific evidence that shiftwork in the 24/7 workplace<br />
is a high risk, occupational health and safety exposure, and that the development<br />
of Fatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS) has emerged as the internationally<br />
accepted standard for managing the inherent costs, risks and liabilities<br />
of shiftwork. This session will review the new API/ANSI 755 standard for<br />
FRMS, along with a systems approach for achieving compliance.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
76<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
9:45 AM<br />
The New Frontier of Safety Training: Going Mobile and Micro<br />
D. Stober; Cognitive Change Concepts, Fort Collins, CO<br />
How do we make our training fit todays realities and needs in safety performance?<br />
All of us would like to get answers to that question. A new generation of<br />
safety training takes learning mobile—out of the classroom to the field or floor<br />
and micro—embedding it into the daily schedule. How many times have you<br />
heard, we need more training ? While no one would argue that training is not important,<br />
two of the biggest challenges to organizations are how to make training<br />
stick and how to do more with less. E-learning has been one approach to being<br />
more effective in delivering training. Being able to deliver training outside the traditional<br />
classroom has helped with efficiency, however, challenges with sustainability<br />
also persist within e-learning. The next generation of training must move<br />
beyond courseware and classrooms and into work (Rosenberg, 2006). We need to<br />
shift our thinking about training formats, delivery, and how to make it stick. It is<br />
becoming clear that the next frontier in learning is both mobile and micro. This<br />
presentation will focus on where shifts need to happen and new approaches built<br />
on solid evidence and illustrated by a case study.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
“Springboard to Safety” Training – Cognitive Safety at Work<br />
A. Stirling; Sustainability, Orica USA Inc., Watkins, CO<br />
Orica dedicates a great deal of time, effort and money to provide employees<br />
with safe working environments, the correct PPE, tools and training as well as<br />
safety controls for equipment in the field and at our manufacturing facilities.<br />
Even with all this focus on safety, our employees are still getting hurt at work.<br />
The traditional approach to People, Plant and Procedures was no longer leading<br />
to improved safety performance. Orica is not alone in this predicament, many<br />
companies have invested heavily on improving safety but have hit a plateau in<br />
their performance. During 2011, Orica USA Inc. partnered with Cognitive<br />
Change Concepts and embarked on a journey into cognitive behavioral safety<br />
training. The challenges were to create relevant, effective training for our front<br />
line people and to imbed cognitive safety into Orica’s established safety culture.<br />
The “Springboard to Safety” training program is a purpose built iPad App that<br />
delivers personalized, interactive training for our front line people where they<br />
work. This paper discusses the development of the “Springboard to Safety”<br />
training program and the impact it has had on the safety performance of our<br />
front line people.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Colorado School of Mines – Mine Rescue Training Using<br />
Computer Simulations<br />
C. Geier, E. Keogh and J. Torma-Krajewski; Mining Engineering,<br />
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
Previous mine incidents show weaknesses in mine rescue preparedness from poor<br />
training in decision making, leadership, and incident command center (ICC) protocols.<br />
Computer simulations offer a larger range of training opportunities for<br />
mine rescue teams focusing on exploration and communications. The mine rescue<br />
simulator developed by the Colorado School of Mines and Rite Solutions,<br />
Inc. utilizes four computers for the instructor and team, with the instructor monitoring<br />
the teams progress. As the team explores, they relay information back to<br />
the Fresh Air Base who then reports to the ICC. This forces a three-step communication<br />
procedure, enhancing the teams overall communication skills and developing<br />
ICC protocols. The simulator is decision-based, demanding team decisions<br />
be made quickly. Upon completion, teams commented positively. Generally, participants<br />
said that the simulator is useful for learning how to communicate and<br />
make decisions during mine rescue emergencies. This mine rescue simulator improves<br />
team training; with easy setup, no production interruption and communications<br />
practice.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
An Overview of NIOSH Mine Illumination Research:<br />
Past, Present, and Future<br />
J. Sammarco; Human Factors Branch, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
Illumination is fundamental for mine safety because miners depend most heavily<br />
on visual cues to detect hazards associated slips/trips/falls and powered haulage.<br />
NIOSH is conducting mine illumination to improve miner safety by improving a<br />
miners ability to see mine hazards. Thus far, 16 papers have been published covering<br />
diverse topics such as cap lamps, machine-mounted lighting, glare, lighting<br />
maintenance, and light-emitting diode (LED) technology issues. NIOSH has also<br />
developed an LED cap lamp, LED area lighting, and a Visual Warning System<br />
(VWS). This paper provides an overview of the improvements from NIOSH-developed<br />
lighting that include: 94% better trip hazard detection with the NIOSH<br />
LED cap lamp; 79% better peripheral motion detection to detect pinning/striking<br />
hazards; no increase in glare; 71% better machine movement hazard detection<br />
with the VWS. Current research is described concerning an LED cap lamp for<br />
metal/nonmetal miners, illumination for rescue chamber deployment and inspection,<br />
and research to determine if lighting could be used to improve miner escape<br />
and rescue in smoke. Lastly, future possibilities of using lighting to improve<br />
miner safety are described.<br />
SMe research committee:<br />
SMe exhibitors: Focus on Innovation I<br />
9:00AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: Madan M. Singh, Singh Associates LLC.,<br />
Scottsdale, AZ<br />
S. A. Ravishankar, Cytec Industries Inc.,<br />
Stamford, CT<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Exhibiting companies will highlight advances and innovations that are<br />
being introduced to the mining/mineral processing business. During the 2013<br />
<strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> we will feature presentations from those selected.<br />
1. Drill Bit Isolator – Protecting Roof Bolter Operator Hearing<br />
By James Thompson<br />
This device is based on NIOSH technology that reduces hazardous noise from<br />
roof bolting machines. The isolator is simple to use - it snaps right between the<br />
standard drill steel and bit. The device was developed in cooperation with<br />
Kennametal and Cory Rubber.<br />
2. Fabric Structures as Cost-Effective, Durable Onsite Facilities<br />
By Joe Teixeira, ClearSpan, Windsor, CT<br />
ClearSpan Hercules Truss Arch Buildings feature high clearances and spacious<br />
interiors without support posts. These buildings are outfitted with frames constructed<br />
from USA-made, triple-galvanized structural steel that will hold up<br />
strong in corrosive environments.<br />
3. Herringbone Wing<br />
By Leo J. Laughlin, Precision Pulley & Idler, Pella, IA, USA<br />
Spiral drum pulleys for tail pulleys were developed to auger material out and<br />
away from the tail pulley and belt, but the spirals tend to plug. Wing pulleys cause<br />
excessive belt vibration and throw the material back onto the belt. Herringbone<br />
Wing pulleys are a cross between these and resolve the problems encountered.<br />
4. J-Seal – An Innovative Mine Seal<br />
By Kevin J. Ma and John C. Stankus, Keystone Mining Services,<br />
LLC, and Bevan Thompson, JennChem, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
Keystone Mining Services, LLC and JennChem, LLC, affiliates of Jennmar<br />
Corporation, Inc., have formulated an innovative cementatious foamed grout J-<br />
Seal and developed a pumpable mine seal design for ventilation control, approved<br />
as 120-psi mainline seal by Mine Safety and Health Administration<br />
(MSHA).<br />
5. Dual-sprocket Coated Chain – Protecting Continuous Mining<br />
Machine Operator Hearing<br />
By James Thompson<br />
This device is based on NIOSH technology that reduces hazardous noise from<br />
continuous mining machines. The coated chain is simple to use – it’s a direct replacement<br />
for the manufacturers’ standard dual-sprocket chain. The device was<br />
developed in cooperation with Joy Mining Machinery.<br />
6. LTM Probe for Flotation Bank Pulp Level Control<br />
By Bill A. Hancock, Zeroday Enterprises, LLC, Wilsonville, OR and<br />
Raymond Karsten, Instek Control, Pretoria, South Africa<br />
The LTM level probe dramatically increases pulp level measurement accuracy,<br />
which operates conductively and provides near instantaneous measurements<br />
(100 ms) with 1% accuracy and measurement linearity.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
77<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
7. Process Control Using Real Time Analysis of Conveyed<br />
Bulk Materials<br />
By Henry Kurth, Scantech International Pty Ltd, Springwood,<br />
Queensland, Australia<br />
Bulk sorting conveyed plant feed enables waste increment removal. Blending ores<br />
allows more consistent feed grades to improve process efficiencies (recoveries)<br />
and product quality without increasing plant throughput. Metal accounting and<br />
ore reconciliation is significantly improved through accurate measurement of<br />
feed; dry tonnage (moisture analysis) and quality (elemental analysis).<br />
8. A New Chapter in Underground Mapping Using Sirovision<br />
By Brianne Beaulieu, CAE Mining North America, Littleton, CO<br />
Sirovision Underground has been developed in collaboration between CAE<br />
Mining and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization<br />
(CSIRO). It is an integrated hardware and software system designed to provide<br />
safe and cost-effective mapping and analysis of rock structure and underground<br />
topography.<br />
9. TeleStacker® Conveyor Offers Unmatched Productivity,<br />
Strength and Safety<br />
By Mathew Voigt, Superior Industries, Morris, MN<br />
The TeleStacker® Conveyor from Superior Industries is a heavy-duty telescoping<br />
radial stacking conveyor designed for efficient, dependable and safe operation.<br />
Built for high production, the conveyor offers the ability to stockpile 30-percent<br />
more material per move than similar radial stackers, and an operating tonnage<br />
ranging from 200 to 5,000 TPH.<br />
10. Mobile Equipment Simulator Training<br />
By Paula Oransky, CAE Mining North America, Littleton, CO<br />
Mobile Equipment Simulator Solutions are aimed at reducing training costs, increasing<br />
employee retention and improving operator performance in both safety<br />
and efficiency. They offer enhanced realism, ergonomic instructor station, a collaborative<br />
training environment, fully simulated rock dynamics and climatic conditions,<br />
evidence-based training, and monitoring and performance system.<br />
11. A Novel Gas Feed Concept for Agitated Tanks<br />
By Jochen Jung and Wolfgang Keller<br />
To avoid the disadvantages of a susceptible gas feed device a new gas spargerimpeller<br />
type has been developed. The gas is directly added to the impeller by a<br />
single pipe and distributed through the impeller spar directly to the impeller<br />
blades. Since pipe diameters are quite big blocking will not occur. Other advantages<br />
are reduced investment and maintenance costs.<br />
underground construction association<br />
of SMe<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: R. Henn, Brierley Assoc LLC, Denver, CO<br />
R. Stier, Kiewit Infrastructure Co., Omaha, NE<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
TBMs for Mining Applications, Situation in 2013<br />
D. Ofiara; Engineering, The Robbins Company, Solon, OH<br />
TBMs have been used in mining before. Such use has been rather limited and sporadic<br />
due to perceived, and real, applications difficulties. This is changing.<br />
Currently, TBMs are being considered and utilized for many mining applications.<br />
This presentation reviews the 2013 status of TBMs in mining applications. These<br />
mining projects include both coal mining and metal mining, and use both<br />
hardrock and shielded, mixed ground TBMs. The special requirements of the<br />
mining projects, and the adapted TBM features will be described.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Mine Plugs<br />
W. Harrison; Brierley Assoc LLC, Denver, CO<br />
We will present a paper that discusses the good. the bad and the ugly or the many<br />
shades of grey experienced while constructing the Mine plug at Summitville,<br />
Colorado; the mine plug repair at Kohler No.2, Silverton, Colorado; and the decant<br />
outlet plug at Urad Mine, Empire Colorado. We will discuss anchoring, concrete<br />
placement, cement and chemical grouting and cellular grout.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
High Quality Precast Concrete Tunnel Liners<br />
L. Worden; CSI, Denver, CO<br />
The paper describes the disciplined process of manufacturing precision precast<br />
concrete tunnel liners via carousel production techniques for consistent and large<br />
outputs utilizing high strength durable concrete. The design and use of precast<br />
concrete for long term durability will be discussed together with the quality assurance<br />
methods used to ensure the high standards required. The use of high<br />
yield reinforcement and steel fibers will be discussed to provide an overview of<br />
the two options. Discussion on the durability of the tunnel liners in a hydrogen<br />
sulphide environment will include solutions with specialized concretes and internal<br />
lining techniques to provide long term durability.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Challenges in Coal Mine Slope Construction<br />
D. Rogstad; FK Constructors, Denver, CO<br />
Coal mines in the eastern US often use sloped shafts as production beltways for<br />
ore removal, as means of access for supplies, and for ventilation. These structures<br />
are usually completed with the help of a contractor. In late 2011, Frontier-<br />
Kemper Constructors was engaged to build a slope for a coal mine in southern<br />
Indiana. Although the site was located in familiar Illinois basin formations, the<br />
geology proved to be very difficult. This paper describes some of the challenges<br />
faced during excavation of this slope and the methods used to overcome them, including<br />
changing the method from conventional drill and blast to cutting with a<br />
continuous miner.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Roadheader Performance on the Caldecott 4th Bore Tunnel<br />
D. Kwietnewski and S. Harvey; Brierley Assoc. LLC, Denver, CO<br />
The 4th bore of the Caldecott Tunnel is a 50-ft horseshoe shaped highway tunnel<br />
located in the hills east of Oakland, California. Tunnel excavation was mostly<br />
completed using one of the worlds largest commercially available roadheaders, a<br />
Wirth T3.20. The geologic profile included seven different geologic units, which<br />
displayed a range of different behavior with regard to excavation and initial support.<br />
Following a brief introduction to the excavation and support methods, this<br />
paper will discuss roadheader performance in the various geologic units encountered<br />
during excavation. Comments will also be made concerning the relationship<br />
between the roadheader method of excavation and observed ground convergence<br />
during excavation.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Hard Rock Double Shield for Gran San Bernardo Service and<br />
Safety Tunnel between Italy and Switzerland<br />
W. Trisi; Caterpiller Tunneling Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada<br />
Italian contractor Condotte S.p.A was awarded the new Gran San Bernardo<br />
Service and Safety (GSBSS) Tunnel. This new tunnel would run parallel to the<br />
existing Gran San Bernardo (GSB) Tunnel located between Italy and<br />
Switzerland. The new service and safety tunnel would be approximately 5.8km<br />
long, 4.2m in diameter, and would utilize a Caterpillar Hard Rock Double Shield<br />
Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) to excavate and line the tunnel. The tunnel was<br />
to be built to improve safety, efficiency and ventilation of the existing GSB tunnel.<br />
The GSB and GSBSS would be linked via 23 cross passages approximately<br />
every 240m. The tunnel alignment would run through transalpine rock formations<br />
suck as gneiss, schist and sandstone with up to 950m of cover in areas. This<br />
paper will discuss the TBM specifications, tunnel lining details, jobsite conditions<br />
and highlights of this successful project.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
78<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
11:05 AM<br />
Disc Cutter Monitoring on Hard Rock Tunnel Boring Machines<br />
H. Lashkari 1 , A. Shanahan 2 , S. Smading 2 and J. Rostami 1 ;<br />
1<br />
Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA and 2 Robbins<br />
Company, Kent, WA<br />
Monitoring the condition of disc cutters in real-time has always been a challenge<br />
on tunnel boring machines (TBMs). Having certain types of data available can<br />
help maximize boring efficiency and reduce damage to cutters. This includes the<br />
rotational speed, temperature, and the vibration level of each cutter. Having this<br />
information available allows for prediction of the cutter wear rate and an overall<br />
assessment of the condition of the disc cutter. By looking at the combined data<br />
vs. machine parameter, the machine operational parameters can be adjusted to<br />
maximize the efficiency of the excavation process. Cutter wear can be calculated<br />
from the cutter rpm, cutter position, and cutterhead rpm, which can minimize<br />
the frequency of cutter inspection and increase machine utilization. This paper<br />
will discuss the disc cutter monitoring system on some of the recent Robbins<br />
TBMs and the advantages of having the additional data in optimizing the machine<br />
operation and improving machine utilization and daily advance rates.<br />
Valuation I: Lessons Learned<br />
9:00 AM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: J. Gustavson, Mineral Appraiser LLC, Boulder, CO<br />
J. Manes, CMC Inc., Scottsdale, AZ<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Appraising Sliding-Scale Mineral Royalties: A Method for<br />
Incorporating Commodity Price Projections<br />
D. Hammond 1 and A. Courtney 2 ; 1 Hammond International Group,<br />
Highlands Ranch, CO and 2 Consultant, Highlands Ranch, CO<br />
Commodity price projections are major inputs for the appraisal of any mineral<br />
asset but are even more critical in valuing sliding-scale mineral royalties. In such<br />
valuations the timing of price excursions from trend assumptions becomes a principal<br />
determinant of DCF value. Commonly used linear price projection assumptions<br />
typically miss this aspect, and probabilistic techniques can be difficult for<br />
non-experts to understand. The discussion outlines a practical approach to projecting<br />
commodity prices based on historical trends and volatility to generate expected<br />
NPVs for such royalties.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
If This Deposit is Worth That Much, Why Hasn’t It Already Been<br />
Mined Out?, and Other Lessons for Minerals Appraisers<br />
T. Ellis; Ellis International Services, Denver, CO<br />
The author presents a varied compilation of lessons learned from his career as a<br />
mineral property appraiser, consultant, expert witness, and valuation standards<br />
developer.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Lessons Learned: Documentation and Recordkeeping on Appraisals<br />
Used for Conservation/Donation Purposes<br />
J. Manes and T. Quartiero; CMC Inc, Scottsdale, AZ<br />
In late 2006, an appraiser working for CMC, Inc. prepared a mineral interest appraisal<br />
report to be used for charitable conservation/donation purposes. In 2010,<br />
Special Agents of the Internal Revenue Service’s Criminal Investigation division<br />
performed an unexpected gation and audit of the appraiser and appraisal report.<br />
Following an extensive review process, it was revealed that the landowners of the<br />
mineral property fraudulently obtained title to the mineral property, and the possibility<br />
of collusion between the landowner and appraiser was being investigated.<br />
The appraiser, appraisal report and company were all determined by the Internal<br />
Revenue Service to not have been involved, and the company was later asked to<br />
represent the Internal Revenue Service with prosecution of the landowners. The<br />
author of this paper was not the appraiser being investigated, however witnessed<br />
the overall process as an executive of the company. Several valuable lessons about<br />
contracting, clients, donation appraisals, reports and paperwork were learned.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Correct Calculation of the Alternate Valuation Date<br />
Fair Market Value<br />
L. Posgate; LRP Business Appraisal, Driftwood, TX<br />
In Valuing a Producing Royalty or Working Interest on an alternate valuation date<br />
6 months post-date of death (D of D ) for estate tax purpose and in compliance<br />
with IRC Sec. 2032, the in-place value of the severed production must be calculated<br />
(in the intervening 6 months post D of D (AVD) and pre- alternate date), and<br />
added back to the AVD. The severed mineral value must also be discounted to D<br />
of D by an appropriate discount rate considering all relevant risks and a return<br />
ON and OF capital. This interim value addition must be more than offset to allow<br />
the AVD election to be useful in reflecting lower market values than those prevailing<br />
on the D of D. This presentation reviews the Holl v. U.S. Federal tax calculation<br />
methods employed by the petitioner and case decision that, upon 1992 appellate<br />
court remand, prevailed, and we discuss correct and incorrect AVD methods.<br />
Reflecting on case law and reviewing several appraisal cases performed, the accepted<br />
method was considered for both a mineral estate value and also considering<br />
an alternate value of a limited partnership holding the minerals.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Lessons Learned from Marcellus Shale Appraisals<br />
T. Knobloch 1 and J. Gustavson 2 ; 1 James Knobloch Petroleum<br />
Consultants Inc., Marietta, OH and 2 Mineral Appraiser LLC,<br />
Boulder, OH<br />
Historically, FMV appraisals in the Appalachians were limited to valuing royalty<br />
income from marginal wells for estate tax purposes. FMV was typically based on<br />
1) a multiple of monthly income and/or 2) production decline curve and related<br />
DCF analysis. The Marcellus Shale with its significant future income from BCFlevel<br />
reserves from horizontal wells demanded the approach required to include<br />
also sales comparison and lease bonus methods. Appraisals to date have focused<br />
on small, single-interest owners in remote areas with limited Marcellus development,<br />
to much larger 70,000+ acre ORRI valuation. The latter included properties<br />
owned by multiple individuals and with multiple well operators, various<br />
stages of well development, but with limited public data. Valuable lessons<br />
learned through these appraisals included: client-provided information, sticks-ofthe-bundle<br />
to be valued, lease limitations, Highest & Best Use, adjustments of<br />
comparable sales, state and other public resources, company presentations, lease<br />
broker interviews, variations in gas quality, water availability and markets for natural<br />
gas and NGLs.<br />
tueSday, February 26<br />
aFternoon<br />
coal & energy:<br />
health and Safety Management Systems<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: E. Hall, Office of Mine Safety & Health<br />
Research/NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
D. Reinke, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
MineSAFE: A New Software Architecture for<br />
Mine Safety Education<br />
L. Brown 1 , J. Hill 2 and M. Poulton 2 ; 1 Computer Science, University of<br />
Arizona, Tucson, AZ and 2 Mining & Geological Engineering,<br />
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
With the expansion and diversification of the mining industry workforce, trainers<br />
have identified a growing need for new and more versatile training materials.<br />
Well-designed computer games can serve a valuable role in supplementing established<br />
best practices in workplace learning. MineSAFE is an evolving platform<br />
that is being used to create computer games for mine safety education. The objectives<br />
of this platform are three-fold: (1) to elicit critical thinking about mine<br />
safety practices through interactive and contextualized learning; (2) to allow cus-<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
79<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
tomization of learning materials for specific audiences, mine methods, and sites,<br />
with a particular emphasis on workplace literacy; and (3) to empower trainers to<br />
evaluate user understanding and decision making through a suite of integrated<br />
evaluation tools. In this work, we discuss the design and architecture of the<br />
MineSAFE platform. We give examples of training tools that are being developed<br />
through MineSAFE, including an interactive fatalgram simulator and a<br />
mine emergency preparedness game. We look at possible usage cases and discuss<br />
initial user feedback.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
The Transformation of Underground Coal Contractor Injury Rates<br />
S. Bealko and J. Helbig; Safety, GMS Mine Repair and Maintenance,<br />
Mt. Lake Park, MD<br />
Injury rates for underground coal contractors transformed from mediocre to considerably<br />
improved in recent years. A 2011 NIOSH report showed that u.g. coal<br />
contractors (1992 2007) had a higher injury rate (IR) than coal operators but<br />
started to converge towards the end of the study. They also concluded that larger<br />
companies had higher IR than smaller ones. Since then, contractor safety has improved.<br />
Same data analysis from 2008 2011 tell a more encouraging story. This<br />
paper discusses a brief history and role of underground contractors and describes<br />
the challenges unique to contractors. It verifies trends in improved contractor incident<br />
rates as well as enhanced production hours and specialty functions.<br />
Finally, this paper provides a comprehensive case study of the largest coal contractor<br />
in the U.S. that has maintained an IR two to three times lower than underground<br />
coal operators and main competitors for over three years. Much of<br />
their company success comes from strict background checks and pre-employment<br />
screening, 100% drug testing policy, underground hands-on safety training, continuous<br />
safety education, and a sheer determination to improve safety.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
<strong>Program</strong> to Reduce Personal Injuries to Ukrainian Coal Miners<br />
J. Sottile 1 , R. Sweigard 1 and B. O’Dea 2 ; 1 Mining Engineering,<br />
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY and 2 Alpha Natural<br />
Resources, Julian, WV<br />
This paper describes a project undertaken to reduce personal injuries suffered by<br />
Ukrainian coal miners. The approach used is based, as much as practical, on the<br />
framework adopted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health<br />
(NIOSH) for injury research and prevention. Several visits were made to Ukraine<br />
to visit coal mines to meet with mine managers and observe various mining operations.<br />
Visits were also made to government offices to collect injury data and discuss<br />
the injury reporting system. Analysis of injury reports were conducted to determine<br />
type and frequency of injuries and the locations and conditions under<br />
which they were occurring. During this process, it was recognized that the collection<br />
and analysis steps could be significantly enhanced by the development of an<br />
electronic injury reporting system designed specifically to facilitate collecting and<br />
analyzing injury data. As a result, one outcome of the work was the development<br />
and testing of an on-line injury report form. Subsequent analysis of the injuries<br />
led to recommendations for additional mining equipment/tools, personal protective<br />
equipment, and changes to some mining operations.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Automatic Land Movement Monitoring Using Terrestrial Based<br />
Static LiDAR<br />
M. Leslar, D. Adams and A. Pelkie; Optech Inc., West Henrietta, NY<br />
Change detection has been an important part of the static terrestrial LiDAR industry<br />
since its inception (Field Note: ILRIS 3-D, One Tool, Multiple Uses: Mine<br />
Safety, Volume Calculation, Change Detection, 2006). The ability of LiDAR to<br />
provide accurate and timely comparisons between two separate objects, or a single<br />
object over time, has made LiDAR a valuable tool to a variety of occupational<br />
disciplines and industries, including mining, geology, and engineering. Recently,<br />
interest has been generated in the automation of a terrestrial laser scanner for the<br />
purposes of change monitoring in three dimensional landscapes. To this end, an<br />
automated monitoring solution was recently developed and successfully implemented<br />
for a large mining operation in the United States. This automated system,<br />
coupled with the mines internal alarm system, is programmed to activate the<br />
alarms when there is movement outside of the acceptable tolerance limits, allowing<br />
for the pit to be vacated quickly and safely.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Computational Fluid Dynamics Validation Utilizing a Tracer Gas<br />
Study Related to a Mine Mill Area Toxic Gas Release for<br />
Emergency Response Planning<br />
D. Hall, C. Strode, E. Rasmuson, A. Korchevskiy, J. Rasmuson and<br />
R. Strode; Chemistry & Industrial Hygiene, Inc., Wheat Ridge, CO<br />
CFD, an occupational and community exposure modeling tool, was utilized to<br />
determine personnel emergency evacuation response times based on a potential<br />
toxic gas release at a mine mill area. Initially, the Area Locations of Hazardous<br />
Atmospheres (ALOHA) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<br />
(NOAA) software was used to characterize the toxic gas dispersion, however due<br />
to the varied terrain and building arrangements a more complex model was utilized<br />
to refine the contours. This presentation will cover the details, drawbacks<br />
and benefits of conducting an onsite tracer gas validation study and comparing<br />
those results with the CFD model results. Model validation case scenarios will be<br />
presented based upon study findings. The unique advantages in using CFD models<br />
for the mining emergency response planning will be demonstrated.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
research and development<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
M. Trevits, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Improvement on Mathematical Model for Studying Coals<br />
Propensity of Spontaneous Combustion<br />
X. Wang and Y. Luo; Mining Engineering, West Virginia University,<br />
Morgantown, WV<br />
It is believed that sulfur and volatile matter contents in coals are the main intrinsic<br />
properties to cause the self-heating of coal. Their oxidation at lower temperatures<br />
than that of fixed carbon to initiate coals self-heating should be quantified.<br />
This study is aimed to improve the previous mathematical model developed by<br />
the authors for studying the coals propensity for spontaneous combustion. It enhances<br />
the models ability to consider the effects of sulfur, volatile matter and<br />
moisture content in the coal three important factors affecting the coals self-heating<br />
process. Sulfur exists in coal primarily in the form of pyrite which will be oxidized<br />
rapidly under suitable conditions. Volatile matters, higher in low rank<br />
coals, are more easily to be oxidized. The determination of the relationship between<br />
oxidation rate and temperature for these two components are built in the<br />
model. Heat of water condensation which provides initial energy for low temperature<br />
oxidation is also incorporated into the model. Adiabatic tests on coal samples<br />
are conducted in air from ambient temperature, similar to actual mining and<br />
storage conditions, to verify the improved model.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
The Assessment of the Effect of Carbide-Silicone Particle Size and<br />
the Type of Gating System on Composite Micro-Structure<br />
Produced by Lost Foam Casting Method<br />
M. Basiri 1 and E. Asadi 2 ; 1 Mining Eng., Tarbiat Modares University,<br />
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran and 2 Metalurgy Dept., IUST,<br />
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran<br />
The application of aluminum matrix composites, due to their unique properties,<br />
significantly is growing up in the variety of industries such as aerospace and automobile.<br />
The aluminum has low price comparison with the other light metals<br />
such as magnesium and titanium. These are the advantage that dominates this<br />
metal to the others. In this research, first by applying the lost foam casting<br />
method, the SiCp/A356 composite was casted in the bottom and side gate conditions<br />
with 690 Celsius degree and volume fraction of 10%. Then the effects of reinforcement<br />
particles (60 µm, 75 µm) were examined. The results presents the<br />
particle distribution in the side gate methods are more uniformed than bottom<br />
gate casting method. Also, by increasing the particles size, the fading rate, in the<br />
side gate, are reduced from 22% to 19%, as well as from 26.4% to 25.4% in the<br />
bottom gate.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
80<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Use of Magnetic Proximity Detection Systems in the<br />
Presence of Coal<br />
J. Carr, J. Li and A. Smith; NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
Severe injuries and fatalities occur every year when a miner is struck or pinned by<br />
a continuous mining machine (CMM), or other piece of mobile equipment.<br />
Proximity detection systems offer a means to prevent these types of injuries and<br />
fatalities. There are now three proximity detection systems approved by MSHA<br />
for use in underground coal mines. However, the influence that coal has on the<br />
electromagnetic fields used in these systems has never before been rigorously<br />
quantified. NIOSH researchers have conducted a test to measure whether the<br />
proximity of coal has a significant influence on a popular design of proximity detection<br />
system. The system tested utilizes a low frequency magnetic field generator<br />
that could be mounted on the mining machine. At the Safety Research Coal<br />
Mine (SRCM) in Pittsburgh, the electrical properties and the performance of a<br />
simplified proximity detection system were measured on the surface and at varying<br />
distance from a coal face underground. These measurements show that the<br />
coal has practically zero impact on the performance of the system. For the system<br />
design tested, placing the generators near a coal rib is not expected to degrade system<br />
performance.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
An Evaluation of Potential Perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH)<br />
Release Vessel Designs for Tracer Gas Studies in<br />
Underground Mines<br />
E. Jong 1 , S. Underwood 1 , K. Luxbacher 1 and H. McNair 2 ; 1 Mining<br />
Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA and 2 Chemistry, Virginia<br />
Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
Perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH) is a member of the perfluorocarbon tracer<br />
(PFT) group of compounds. PMCH has been identified as a viable alternative to<br />
the widely used tracer gas sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). This viability stems from the<br />
fact that PMCH can be used concurrently with SF6 while maintaining adequate<br />
chromatographic separation and comparable sensitivity during analysis.<br />
However, the release of PMCH in an underground mine ventilation system is<br />
challenging due to its physical characteristics. SF6 exists as a gas at room temperature<br />
and pressure and can be released in accurate quantities using a variety of<br />
means including flow meters and flow controllers. In contrast, PMCH exists as a<br />
volatile liquid at room temperature and pressure, a characteristic that prevents<br />
PMCH from being deployed using traditional means. One of the methods used to<br />
release PMCH utilizes a hollow aluminum cylinder, allowing for diffusion of the<br />
gas out of the cylinder. This paper evaluates several designs with varying cylinder<br />
diameters, plug thicknesses, and plug materials for the aluminum vessel release<br />
method, so that a source that is appropriate for the mine scale may be developed.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Noise Exposure Assessment for Five Underground Metal<br />
Mining Machines<br />
A. Alamuru, S. Peterson, D. Yantek and R. Randolph; HLPB,<br />
NIOSH/CDC, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health is developing noise<br />
control solutions to address high rates of hazardous noise exposure in underground<br />
metal mines. A noise exposure assessment was conducted on load-hauldumps,<br />
haul trucks, jumbo drills, locomotives, and jackleg drills. For each machine,<br />
the complete work cycle was broken down into individual operations. The<br />
noise exposure attributable to each cycle was assessed by collecting data from<br />
dosimeters affixed to the machine operators and recording timed observations of<br />
the operating cycles. The collected data were used to calculate the dose per hour<br />
and dose per cycle using the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)<br />
permissible exposure level (PEL) and the NIOSH recommended exposure limit<br />
(REL). The data helps identify individual operations for each machine type<br />
which contributes significantly to operator noise dose. The analysis conducted for<br />
this paper will be used in focusing noise control development on reducing noise<br />
exposure while performing those machine operations which result in a significant<br />
dose per cycle.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Characterization and Prediction of Froth Pump Performance<br />
J. Furlan and R. Visintainer; Engineering, R&D, GIW Industries,<br />
Grovetown, GA<br />
Due to the time consuming nature of froth testing in a laboratory environment, it<br />
is required, due to practical limitations, to develop a method of applying a single<br />
set of performance test data (Visintainer and Whitlock, 2012) obtained for a single<br />
froth pump at a given speed, to a range of froth pump speeds and sizes, % air<br />
contents, and liquid viscosities. Head, efficiency, and flow all vary as functions of<br />
both liquid viscosity and air content. As such, it is necessary to develop a technique<br />
which can be used to interpolate from existing test data in order to predict<br />
froth pump performance for pumps of various sizes running at variable speeds.<br />
Details of the technique developed in order to achieve this goal are discussed.<br />
Additionally, comparisons are made between the performance predictions of this<br />
test-derived method and those of the Hydraulic Institute Standard for the effects<br />
of liquid viscosity on centrifugal pump performance.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
Ventilation III<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
K. Luxbacher, Virginia Polytech Institute and State<br />
University, Blacksburg, VA<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Pressure and Flow Investigation of an Axial Booster Fan with<br />
Variable Blade Settings Experimental and CFD Approach<br />
A. Habibi, M. Thiruvengadam and S. Gillies; Mining and Nuclear<br />
Engineering, Missouri S&T, Rolla, MO<br />
The study has been undertaken on a 1.12 m diameter industrial booster fan operating<br />
under the different blades settings with 1200 rpm at Missouri University of<br />
Science and Technology. The fan total pressure varies up to 1kPa, blowing 30<br />
m3/s. The pressure-quantity survey has been conducted with different blade settings<br />
to investigate the pressure fluctuations specifically during fan startup. The<br />
study then follows up by involving the Variable speed drive to determine the effect<br />
of rotational frequency in the system. Computational fluid dynamics is used for<br />
analyzing three dimensional flow structures in time domain and calculating the<br />
corresponding unsteady pressure fluctuations. The geometric model of the fan<br />
and the bulkhead has been built. This is followed by meshing and defining the<br />
boundary conditions. The sliding and dynamic mesh techniques will be used to<br />
study the unsteady flow interaction arising due to the rotation of the fan blades.<br />
The numerical predictions of the variables in the form of velocity vectors and contour<br />
plots detailing the flow characteristics are then analyzed, compared and verified<br />
according to the known physical situation and existing experimental data.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Design and Construction of a Test Tunnel to Obtain Fan<br />
Performance Curves. Case Study: Field Tests in Coal Mines<br />
N. Rueda and C. Toro; MSO Industrial, Medellin, Colombia<br />
Fans are the most important component in an underground ventilation system<br />
and their operation is defined by their performance curve. With this curve is possible<br />
to select the optimum fan according to the desired airflow and mine resistance.<br />
Manufacturers provide curves for new fans but old or existing fans usually<br />
do not have a curve. To replace all existing fans for new ones can be costly therefore<br />
obtain curves for existing fans is a viable option. This paper shows a standardized<br />
method based on ANSI/AMCA 2210 07 ANSI/ASHRAE 51 07 that<br />
covers different stages of the characterization process: the design of the bench,<br />
the screening of the fans to be tested, the assembly and installation of the bench<br />
in the mine, the analysis of the resultant curves, the implementation into the simulation<br />
software and the analysis of the results. This method is presented with a<br />
field study in a coal company with 5 different mines and more than 50 evaluated<br />
fans of medium and small size.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
3D CFD Simulation of Airflow Re-distribution and Associated<br />
Pressure Drops Inside the Overcast in Underground Coal Mines<br />
J. Tien and M. Thiruvengadam; Missouri S&T, Rolla, MO<br />
Overcast are indispensible ventilation devices in room and pillar coal mines to<br />
permit one airway to pass over another without mixing. The airflow distribution<br />
inside the overcast depends on its specific configuration at which the flow enters<br />
into it. This study focuses on the three dimensional numerical simulations of turbulent<br />
airflow to examine the pressure and velocity distributions inside an overcast.<br />
The effects of the overcast angle on the flow field are also examined.<br />
Simulated results reveal flow separation and recirculation regions of different<br />
size occurring not only upstream and downstream from the overcast but also in-<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
81<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
side it. The results also show that the size of the recirculation regions increased<br />
with the increase in the angle of the overcast influencing significantly the flow<br />
field and pressure losses. Results for the pressure and velocity distributions and<br />
the effect of overcast angles on these results are presented. The streamlines are<br />
also plotted to show the three-dimensional structure of the flow field. The results<br />
from the simulation can guide design of overcast in underground coal mines.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Ventilation Risk Management in Underground Coal Mines:<br />
Atmospheric Monitoring in the United States<br />
K. Griffin 1 , K. Luxbacher 1 and M. Karmis 2 ; 1 Mining and Minerals<br />
Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA and 2 Virginia Center for<br />
Coal and Energy Research, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
Atmospheric conditions underground are constantly trending which makes it<br />
necessary to examine a mines ventilation using a risk based approach. The implementation<br />
of risk assessment and management allows operators to identify<br />
comprehensive site specific ventilation parameters, trends, and modify ventilation<br />
plans as a mine develops. Atmospheric monitoring in underground coal mines allows<br />
mine operators to analyze atmospheric conditions underground in real-time.<br />
Real-time monitoring can be used to identify whether atmospheric conditions underground<br />
are abnormally trending or have become problematic. Ventilation risk<br />
assessment and management allows developing atmospheric monitoring technologies<br />
to be fully utilized in order to increase safety standards in the United<br />
States. This paper reviews general risk assessment approaches, state of the art<br />
ventilation based risk assessment, and risk assessment and management application<br />
within the United States regulatory framework.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Impact of Nitrogen Inertization on Methane Distribution in<br />
Bleederless Longwall Gobs<br />
J. Brune, D. Worrall, J. Grubb and D. Munoz; Mining Engineering,<br />
Colo. School of Miners, Golden, CO<br />
Underground longwall coal mining sections are operated as bleederless or sealed<br />
gobs if the coal is prone to spontaneous combustion. Sealing along the gate roads<br />
as the longwall face retreats limits the flow of fresh air into the gob and thus deprives<br />
spontaneous combustion of oxygen. In a project sponsored by the National<br />
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), researchers at the<br />
Colorado School of Mines have used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling<br />
to simulate the flow of gases in longwall gobs. Following validation with<br />
limited operational mine data, the models indicate that targeted injection of nitrogen<br />
along the gate roads inby the face can be used to control the size and location<br />
of methane and air clouds within the gob and to minimize or eliminate the<br />
explosion hazard resulting from the formation of flammable methane-air mixtures<br />
in longwall gobs.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
environmental:<br />
Geological Influences on<br />
acid Mine drainage<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
D. Carpenter, ARCADIS, Brighton, MI<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Understanding Uranium Roll-front Ore Body Formation Aids in<br />
Predicting Mine Closure Challenges<br />
D. Carpenter; ARCADIS, Brighton, MI<br />
Previous work (Carpenter, 2012) documented the specific benefits associated<br />
with application of the understanding of the ore genesis of porphyry copper deposits<br />
to acid mine drainage potential and associated mine closure challenges.<br />
This present work will continue this discussion and focus on the currently accepted<br />
ore genesis model for uranium roll-front type deposits; an important uranium<br />
ore body-type especially within the United States. This presentation will describe<br />
the evolution of geochemical conditions leading to ore body formation and<br />
the geochemical effects induced by open pit mining and how these may be used to<br />
understand both the geochemical controls and constraints on residual mine<br />
water. The consequences of thess processes will be shown to represent specific<br />
mine closure challenges. Reference Carpenter, D. J., 2012, Understanding How<br />
Ore Body Formation Aids in Predicting Acid Mine Drainage Potential, <strong>SME</strong><br />
2012 Conference.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Microbial Ecology of Iron Cycling in Mined Environments<br />
L. Kirk, L. Bozeman and M. Kozubal; Enviromin, Inc.,<br />
Bozeman, MT<br />
Biogeochemical cycling of iron is critically important to effective management of<br />
acid rock drainage, trace element attenuation, and carbon cycling in mined environments,<br />
but its control requires better understanding of microbial community<br />
structure and metabolism. A data mining approach has been employed to compile<br />
and characterize the geomicrobiology of iron cycling in mining environments<br />
worldwide where geochemistry, microbial populations and metabolic data<br />
have been published. Results show important differences in microbial ecology depending<br />
on mineralogy, aqueous chemistry, pH, and temperature, and suggest<br />
that conceptual geochemical models of iron cycling can be significantly expanded<br />
through inclusion of microbiological data. Analysis of isolate and environmental<br />
genomes is especially valuable in characterizing the metabolic potential<br />
of in situ microbial communities. This work also indicates important gaps in<br />
understanding of geomicrobiology in mining environments, and offers insight<br />
into methods need to address gaps in knowledge about biogeochemical processes<br />
of critical importance to the mining industry.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Mineralogical Characterization for Environmental Applications<br />
K. Smith 1 , K. Olson Hoal 2 and K. Pietersen 3 ; 1 Crustal Geophysics<br />
and Geochemistry Science Center, USGS, Denver, CO; 2 JKTech Pty<br />
Ltd., Denver, CO and 3 JKTech Pty Ltd., Brisbane, QLD, Australia<br />
Characterization of ore and gange material using quantitative micro-mineralogical<br />
and elemental techniques (e.g., Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA),<br />
QEMSCAN, and Mineral Liberation Analysis (MLA)) have the potential to<br />
complement traditional acid-base accounting techniques when predicting acid<br />
generation and metal release from waste rock. These characterization techniques,<br />
which are currently being used for metallurgical and geometallurgical applications,<br />
can be more broadly applied throughout the mine-life cycle to include environmental<br />
applications. Critical insights into mineral liberation, mineral associations,<br />
particle size, particle texture, and mineralogical residence phase(s) of<br />
environmentally important elements can be used to anticipate potential environmental<br />
challenges. Mineralogical and textural information can be used to help interpret<br />
predictive tests. Resources spent on initial characterization result in lower<br />
uncertainties of environmental impact and potential cost savings associated with<br />
remediation and closure. Examples illustrate mineralogical and textural characterization<br />
of tailings and mining waste materials from sites in the western USA.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Predicting Total Dissolved Solids Release from Overburden in<br />
West Virginia<br />
J. Skousen, J. Odenheimer and L. McDonald; West Virginia<br />
University, Morgantown, WV<br />
Tthe Appalachian coal industry has been successful in developing technologies to<br />
identify, handle, treat and isolate potentially acid-forming overburden materials<br />
at coal mines in the region. However, the techniques to predict acid mine<br />
drainage potential do not adequately predict the release of total dissolved solids<br />
(TDS). Our objective was to determine the effect of different acidic solutions on<br />
overburden dissolution and the release of constituents contributing to TDS.<br />
Fifteen overburden samples (five strata from three locations) were collected from<br />
surface mines in West Virginia. Ground samples were leached separately with dilute<br />
HNO3 acid, EDTA, and HF acid to obtain the most accurate in-lab experiment<br />
to determine TDS release from overburden materials. Supernatants were<br />
analyzed biweekly for pH, EC, TDS, and other selected ions. Leachate pH was<br />
initially low at around pH 2.0 due to the acid used to leach the materials, but the<br />
majority of the samples quickly increased to pH greater than 7.0. Leachate EC (a<br />
surrogate for TDS) showed high levels initially (some as high as 2,000 uS/cm)<br />
but they quickly dropped to
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Microbial Ecology of Iron Cycling in Mined Environments<br />
L. Kirk, L. Bozeman and M. Kozubal; Enviromin, Inc.,<br />
Bozeman, MT<br />
Biogeochemical cycling of iron is critically important to effective management of<br />
acid rock drainage, trace element attenuation, and carbon cycling in mined environments,<br />
but its control requires better understanding of microbial community<br />
structure and metabolism. A data mining approach has been employed to compile<br />
and characterize the geomicrobiology of iron cycling in mining environments<br />
worldwide where geochemistry, microbial populations and metabolic data<br />
have been published. Results show important differences in microbial ecology depending<br />
on mineralogy, aqueous chemistry, pH, and temperature, and suggest<br />
that conceptual geochemical models of iron cycling can be significantly expanded<br />
through inclusion of microbiological data. Analysis of isolate and environmental<br />
genomes is especially valuable in characterizing the metabolic potential<br />
of in situ microbial communities. This work also indicates important gaps in<br />
understanding of geomicrobiology in mining environments, and offers insight<br />
into methods need to address gaps in knowledge about biogeochemical processes<br />
of critical importance to the mining industry.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
environmental:<br />
Mine Water treatment I<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
M. Mierzejewski, CH2MHill, Richmond, VA<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Thermodynamic Constraints on Arsenic and Heavy Metals<br />
Removal from Water with Limestone-Based Material<br />
A. Davis 1 , C. Webb 2 , J. Sorensen 3 and D. Dixon 4 ; 1 Geological<br />
Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology,<br />
Rapid City, SD; 2 Chemistry Dept., Western Kentucky University,<br />
Bowling Green, KY; 3 RESPEC, Rapid City, SD and 4 Chemical and<br />
Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and<br />
Technology, Rapid City, SD<br />
Limestone-based material is effective for reducing arsenic concentrations below<br />
the current limit of 10 parts per billion for drinking water, typically resulting in<br />
final concentrations of about 4 to 6 ppb. However, in laboratory and field testing,<br />
further reductions to the 1 ppb range are difficult to achieve with limestone. The<br />
removal mechanism appears to be the formation of a low-solubility precipitate of<br />
hydrated calcium arsenate. Likely reactions and thermodynamic data indicate a<br />
theoretical removal limit of about 2 to 4 ppb for arsenic. Limestone also can reduce<br />
concentrations of cadmium and lead below 1 ppb, resulting in >99% removal<br />
efficiency. Thermodynamic constraints appear to be favorable for reactions<br />
involving the formation of hydrocerussite during lead removal and the formation<br />
of otavite during cadmium removal.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Targeted Removal of Molybdenum, Radium, Uranium and<br />
Selenium from a Mining<br />
H. Liang and J. Tamburini; Tetra Tech, Denver, CO<br />
Although uranium, radium, molybdenum, and selenium occur naturally and can<br />
be found in waters throughout many parts of the world, ingesting water containing<br />
these substances above established concentrations is considered harmful to<br />
human health and can also harm aquatic life. Therefore, successful treatment and<br />
removal of these toxicants is crucial to protecting human and environmental<br />
health. This presentation will highlight research conducted at a water treatment<br />
plant where optimization of conventional treatment processes such as lime softening<br />
and ferric coagulation led to the successful treatment of all four inorganic<br />
contaminants to their target levels. Because uranium, molybdenum, and selenium<br />
all undergo complex speciation chemistry in aqueous solution, much of the<br />
presentation will focus on details of the water chemistry and speciation considerations<br />
for optimizing the removal of these contaminants. Both bench scale tests<br />
and full scale water treatment plant data and analyses will be presented, and the<br />
rationales for the refinement of the inorganic contaminants removal treatment<br />
processes will be discussed.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Design and Construction of Twin-PRBs to Intercept Arsenic in a<br />
Former Arroyo<br />
J. Horst 1 , G. Leone 2 and A. Griffin 3 ; 1 ARCADIS, Newtown, PA;<br />
2<br />
ARCADIS, Denver, CO and 3 ARCADIS, Seattle, WA<br />
The 100+ year history of operation at a former lead and copper smelter has resulted<br />
in groundwater across most of the site footprint being impacted primarily<br />
with arsenic. The highest concentrations of arsenic and the majority of groundwater<br />
flow are both focused along former (now buried) arroyos. These features<br />
represent the greatest contribution of contaminant mass flux toward off- site receptors,<br />
and are the key to an integrated strategy for groundwater restoration.<br />
With groundwater seepage velocities ranging between approximately 4 and 10<br />
feet per day, one part of that strategy involved the use of sequential permeable reactive<br />
barriers to reduce contaminant flux toward off-site receptors. This presentation<br />
will review the pre-design, design, and final configuration of a pair of test<br />
barriers. It will also review the construction of the barriers and present some<br />
post-construction performance data.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Successful Negotiation of Natural Attenuation for Arsenic Using<br />
the EPA Framework<br />
J. Horst 1 and M. Gentile 2 ; 1 ARCADIS, Newtown, PA and<br />
2<br />
ARCADIS, San Francisco, CA<br />
EPA recently released a new framework for supporting natural attenuation<br />
demonstrations associated with metals and other inorganics. This framework<br />
was applied for a site with an arsenic plume in groundwater, sourced by the flushing<br />
of residual organics from beneath a former waste repository. Natural<br />
biodegradation of these organics resulted in an anaerobic environment and<br />
caused naturally occurring arsenic in the aquifer matrix to dissolve into groundwater<br />
via reductive dissolution. This presentation will review the details of a<br />
phased biogeochemical evaluation that included geochemical analysis of aquifer<br />
solids and identification of precedents at other EPA-lead sites, and summarize<br />
the demonstration that supported EPA approval of a change in remedy from<br />
pump and treat to MNA.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Constructed Wetland Treatment Systems for Mine Drainage Can<br />
They Really Provide Green and Sustainable Solutions?<br />
P. Eger 1 and C. KairiesBeatty 2 ; 1 Global Minerals Engineering,<br />
Hibbing, MN and 2 Winona State University, Winona, MN<br />
The use of wetlands to treat mine drainage has become increasingly common.<br />
They offer the promise of a green and sustainable solution, but how long will<br />
they really work? Treatment lifetime is a function of the metal removal processes.<br />
In surface flow wetlands, trace metals can be removed from neutral mine<br />
drainage by reactions with the organic substrate. Over 90% of the copper and<br />
nickel have been removed in these systems in Minnesota. The primary removal<br />
processes include adsorption, ion exchange and complexation. These processes<br />
are finite since they depend on the existence of suitable removal sites. Removal<br />
will cease unless new removal sites are generated. Two wetlands in northeastern<br />
Minnesota have been treating mine drainage for almost 20 years and are believed<br />
to be the oldest wetlands treating metal mine drainage in the United States.<br />
Treatment lifetime has been estimated to exceed a hundred years. At one of the<br />
wetlands, the annual production of new removal sites has been estimated to be<br />
equal to the annual metal input. As a result, metal removal should theoretically<br />
continue indefinitely resulting in a green and sustainable solution.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
83<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Industrial Minerals & aggregates:<br />
Industrial Minerals research at<br />
universities<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: B. Li, Michigan Technological University,<br />
Houghton, MI<br />
R. Pruett, Imerys, Milledgeville, GA<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Chemical Resistance of Waste-based Green-cement Mortars<br />
H. Wu and P. Sun; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI<br />
Fly ash and other waste based cements have many advantages over Portland cement:<br />
energy efficient, less greenhouse emission, and better high temperature resistance.<br />
Green cements made from fly ash are particularly advantageous because<br />
of their environmental benefits and cost efficiency. In this study, the chemical resistance<br />
of fly ash based mortars was investigated.<br />
Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium:<br />
Separations Innovation I<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
Innovations in Flotation Equipment<br />
Mike Nelson<br />
Innovations in Flotation Reagents<br />
'Nag' Nagaraj<br />
Innovations in Flotation Modeling and Testing<br />
Peter Ameluxen<br />
Innovations in Flotation Practice<br />
Stephen Grano, University of Adelaide<br />
Innovations in Surface Measurement Techniques<br />
Roger Smart<br />
Innovations in Industrial Minerals Processing<br />
Nikhil Trivedi, Idekin International<br />
Innovations in Mineral Sands Beneficiation<br />
Erik Spiller, Tetra Tech Inc.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Beneficiation of Terrestrial Resources for the Production of Lunar<br />
Simulant Separates<br />
C. Young; Met & Mat Eng, MT Tech, Butte, MT<br />
NASA has received direction for lunar habitation beginning in 2024. By then, it<br />
will be necessary to learn how lunar soil can be used to promote civilization on<br />
the moon. Questions must be answered: Will it support plant life?, Can it be used<br />
as a construction material?, What is needed to maximize health and safety?, and<br />
Will it affect equipment, tools, machinery, and clothes? The only samples available<br />
for study came from the Apollo Missions. Because the expense of bringing<br />
more back to Earth is prohibitive, there is not enough available to answer the<br />
above questions. Hence, there is a great need for its synthesis. Most efforts have<br />
concentrated on making simulant from single natural resources of volcanic rock.<br />
Another possibility is to use resources on Earth to extract the minerals of interest<br />
into concentrates or so-called separates using traditional mineral processing techniques,<br />
and then mix the separates in appropriate ratios to simulate the lunar soil.<br />
In this presentation, results from a study in which an outcrop material and mill<br />
tailings were examined with the inside challenge of making separates from<br />
gangue minerals.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Bioflotation of Malachite Using Rhodococcus Opacus:<br />
Role of Bacterial Growth Phase<br />
G. Kim, S. Sim, W. Chae and H. Kim; Department of Mineral Resources<br />
and Energy Engineering, Chonbuk National University,<br />
Jeonju, Republic of Korea<br />
The influence of bacterial growth phase on the flotation behavior of malachite<br />
has been investigated in a well-controlled Hallimond tube system. The microflotation<br />
tests were conducted for malachite (45-53 …m) using different levels<br />
(1E8-1E10 cells/g) of Rodococcus opacus as a collector, which was grown at<br />
mid-exponential versus stationary phase, at a constant speed (340 rpm), pH<br />
(pH=6), and malachite-bacteria interaction and flotation time (each 10 min). In<br />
order to further understand the role of cell growth phase on the flotation behavior<br />
of malachite, additional characterization experiments for cells and malachite<br />
(e.g., zeta potential, contact angle, and cell-malachite adsorption tests) as well as<br />
theoretical analysis (extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory)<br />
were performed. Overall, the results showed that malachite flotability was<br />
greater for stationary phase cells compared to mid-exponential cells at the cell<br />
dosage level of 1E9 and 1E10 cells/g. Furthermore, the flotation efficiency increased<br />
with increasing cell dosage for stationary phase cells while no distinct difference<br />
was observed for mid-exponential cells.<br />
Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium:<br />
hydrometallurgy Innovations I<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
Innovations in Copper/Molybdenum Processing<br />
Brent Hiskey, University of Arizona<br />
Innovations in the Recovery of Gold and Silver<br />
John Marsden, John O Marsden LLC<br />
Innovations in Bioleaching Technology<br />
Jim Brierley, Brierley Consultancy LLC<br />
Innovations in Chemical and Bacterial Water Treatment<br />
Jay McCloskey, University of Montana<br />
Larry Twidwell, University of Montana<br />
Innovations in Acid Drainage Control and Mitigation<br />
Tom Wideman<br />
Innovations in Analytical Chemistry<br />
Mark Lewis<br />
Innovations in Uranium Processing<br />
Henry Schnell, HA Schnell Consulting Inc.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
84<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
comminution II<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: M. Dennis, PERI, CO<br />
H. Walqui, Cliffs Natural Resources - Michigan<br />
Operations, Ishpeming, MI<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Effect of Ore Particle Size on Gold Dissolution<br />
in a Cyanide Solution<br />
C. Bazin 1 , D. Hodouin 1 and J. Egan 2 ; 1 Mining and Metallurgy,<br />
Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada and 2 Produits Chimiques<br />
Magnus, Boucherville, QC, Canada<br />
The recovery of gold by ore leaching is influenced by the size of the particles and<br />
the chemical environment. Within the experimental error associated to the testing<br />
of gold ore, results of a series of leaching tests conducted with natural ores<br />
rather than mono sized samples confirm that gold dissolution increases with decreasing<br />
ore particle size. The tests also indicate that the dissolution of gold in the<br />
ore within a size interval is weakly affected by the intensity of the size reduction<br />
method used to produce the material in the size interval.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
A Non-Nuclear Density Meter and Mass Flow System Measuring<br />
Mining Slurry with Entrained Gas<br />
R. Batey; Sciam Worldwide, Orlando, FL<br />
DuPonts Maxville Mine in Florida was chosen to evaluate comparative costs of a<br />
nuclear density meter and a new non-nuclear direct mass per unit volume type.<br />
Considerable ambiguity of cost in annual production implies a nuclear gauge accuracy<br />
of ± 2% at best, which together with operational costs for a 16 pipe carrying<br />
zirconium slurry, amounts to nominally $962,000 per year. This paper describes<br />
this new Density Meter with gas entrainment compensation. It<br />
significantly reduces costs and overcomes the disadvantages of nuclear devices. A<br />
typical on-site accuracy of ± 0.285% can be shown. In the example above, this<br />
equates to an annual saving of over $880,000.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Empire Pebble Crushing Circuit, Going Back to Basics, Is the<br />
Crusher Crushing?<br />
H. Walqui, B. Routhier, M. Olgren, C. Mahoski and B. Koski;<br />
Empire Concentrator, Cliffs Natural Resources - Michigan<br />
Operations, Ishpeming, MI<br />
This paper describes operating gains resulting from standardizing operating and<br />
maintenance practices to improve the performance of the pebble crushing circuit<br />
at the Empire concentrator. Past efforts have led to improved operating time but<br />
no additional throughput gains. New operating standards and checklists were developed<br />
and introduced. The content and frequency of the review of the process<br />
indicators was then changed to take advantage of the new practices resulting in<br />
an increase in feed rate and availability through the pebble crushing circuit.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Non-invasive Technologies for Entrained Air and Enhanced Flow<br />
Measurements in Slurry Pipes and for Rock Detection in Cyclone<br />
Overflows<br />
C. O’Keefe 1 , J. Russell 1 , D. Cirulus 2 , P. Thwaites 3 , R. Peacock 4 and<br />
T. Huysamen 4 ; 1 CiDRA Minerals Processing, Wallingford, CT;<br />
2<br />
Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT;<br />
3<br />
Xstrata Process Support, Falconbridge, ON, Canada and<br />
4<br />
Xstrata Alloys, Eland Platinum Concentrator, Brits, South Africa<br />
A new generation of instrumentation based on innovative non-invasive sensing<br />
and processing technology has enabled novel measurements at concentrators and<br />
on pipelines. To date this technology has been used to create instruments that can<br />
accurately measure multiphase flow rates and gas void fraction (entrained air)<br />
levels in pipes, and that can monitor hydrocyclone overflow. This paper will cover<br />
the use of the multiphase flow and gas void fraction measurements at several<br />
flotation concentrators to obtain true slurry volumetric flow rates and corrected<br />
mass flow rates in the presence of entrained air. This paper will also detail the use<br />
of non-invasive sensing technology at a concentrator to monitor for large oversize<br />
material passing through the overflow on each of its hydrocyclones in order<br />
to prevent sanding of its flotation cells.<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Flotation II<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: T. Olson, FLSmidth Minerals, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
S. Miskovic, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Bubble Coalescence and Particle Detachment in<br />
Flotation-influence of Frothers<br />
S. Ata; University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia<br />
Bubble coalescence occurs frequently in froth flotation, particularly in the froth<br />
layer. This paper investigates how the presence of frothing agents affects the coalescence<br />
of air bubbles and the detachment of hydrophobic particles following<br />
the coalescence process. Two air bubbles of similar sizes were merged under<br />
well-controlled experimental conditions and the mass of particles detaching from<br />
the bubbles was measured. The bubbles were coated with glass spheres and<br />
galena particles. The influence of frother type and concentration on the bubble<br />
stability and strength of bubble-particle aggregates were studied. The results<br />
highlighted the role of flotation frothers in stabilising bubble surface deformation<br />
and particle detachment during coalescence.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Frothing Behaviour and Adsorption Mechanism of Anionic<br />
Collectors at the Gas-solution Interface<br />
A. Atrafi; Mining Engineering, University of British Columbia,<br />
Vancouver, BC, Canada<br />
Frothing behaviour of surfactants originate from their preferential adsorption at<br />
the gas-solution interface. Different surfactants may demonstrate different adsorption<br />
behaviours depending on their molecular structure and surface activity.<br />
The quantity and rate of adsorption of surfactants at the gas- solution interface in<br />
flotation systems will certainly affect kinetics of reaction and fractionation of<br />
surfactant between bulk and foam phase and subsequently their frothing characteristics.<br />
In this paper the frothing characteristics of sodium oleate which is the<br />
main constituent of fatty acids used in flotation systems is explained. The adsorption<br />
behaviour of sodium oleate is then compared to a typical non-ionic<br />
frother (Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol, MIBC), a strong electrolyte anionic surfactant<br />
(sodium n-octadecyl sulfate) and a shorter chain fatty acid (Lauric acid) in terms<br />
of different adsorption behaviour at the gas-solution interface. Dynamic surface<br />
tension measurements were accompanied to explain the adsorption behaviour,<br />
though finally equilibrium surface tension turn out to better explain the foamability<br />
characteristics.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Flotation Solutions to Addressing Acid Rock Drainage (ARD)<br />
From South African Coal Ultrafine Slurry Wastes<br />
J. Franzidis, S. Harrison and J. Broadhurst; Dept. of Chemical<br />
Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa<br />
Ultrafine slurry wastes from coal processing operations contain sulfide-bearing<br />
minerals, particularly pyrite, which may oxidize and give rise to acid rock<br />
drainage (ARD). If not treated, this can contaminate ground and surface waters.<br />
This paper reports the development of a two stage flotation process to treat ultrafine<br />
coal slurry before disposal to produce: (i) a low-volume sulfide-rich concentrate<br />
that can be treated chemically or biologically or disposed of in a contained<br />
manner; (ii) a high-volume sulfide-lean (benign) tailings, with low ARD potential,<br />
which is safe for disposal; and (iii) a coal concentrate with low sulfur and ash<br />
content. Results are presented of laboratory-scale batch flotation tests carried out<br />
on samples from the Witbank and Waterberg coalfields. For all the coals studied,<br />
novel collectors for coal flotation, at reasonable dosages, produced significant<br />
yields of saleable coal, with reduced ash and sulfur contents. Low-sulfur tailings<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
85<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
were obtained from second-stage flotation with conventional sulfide collectors.<br />
Static and bio-kinetic ARD potential tests confirmed that these low-sulfur tailings<br />
were non-acid forming.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
An Investigation on the Surface Chemistry of Some Rare Earth<br />
Minerals During Flotation by TOF-SIMS<br />
S. Chelgani 1 , B. Hart 2 and L. Xia 3 ; 1 Earth Science, Surface Science,<br />
University of Western, London, ON, Canada; 2 Surface Science,<br />
University of Western, London, ON, Canada and 3 Surface Science,<br />
University of Western, London, ON, Canada<br />
The Thor lake deposit is a world class resource of REE in Canada. Development<br />
work to optimize a REE recovery process flow sheet is under way, however, given<br />
the ore mineralogy; the developed reagent scheme is relatively complex. Micro<br />
flotation tests were conducted on a feed sample in order to examine factors affecting<br />
stream partitioning. SEM-EDX was performed to evaluate variability in grain<br />
composition between streams and TOF-SIMS analysis was used to determine statistically<br />
differences in surface species particularly related to potential activation of<br />
the examined mineral phases. SEM-EDX analyses reveal that the concentrate has<br />
a significantly higher proportion of REE bearing grains relative to the tail. Spectral<br />
fingerprinting by TOF-SIMS has allowed for the identification of all reagent<br />
species investigated. Reagent signal intensity discrimination on test stream mineral<br />
surfaces was observed by the TOF-SIMS analysis using reagents at plant concentration<br />
levels. TOF-SIMS analysis confirmed that REE bearing grains reporting<br />
to the concentrate are doing so in response to collector attachment. The<br />
surface analyses of gangues reveal similar reagent discrimination as well.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Analysis of Collector Adsorption in Kaolinite Flotation Systems<br />
J. Liu, X. Wang and J. Miller; Metallurgical Engineering,<br />
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Investigation of the surface chemistry of collector adsorption by kaolinite is important<br />
to many flotation processes, including, for example, bauxite flotation,<br />
iron ore flotation, and oil sand processing. The structure of kaolinite consists of<br />
one tetrahedral silica sheet and one octahedral alumina sheet. In our study, two<br />
model surfaces—talc and gibbsite are used to simulate the silica face and alumina<br />
face of kaolinite respectively. The hydrophobicity of the kaolinite surfaces at different<br />
collector concentrations and solution pH values is estimated by measuring<br />
contact angles at the model surfaces. In the case of dodecylamine, the results<br />
show that the hydrophobicity of the gibbsite surface increases with increasing<br />
pH, which implies adsorption of the cationic collector from alkaline solution.<br />
However, the gibbsite surface becomes hydrophilic at higher concentrations of<br />
collector apparently due to the formation of surface micelles. Experimental results<br />
are examined with respect to results from molecular dynamic simulations.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Design and Development of Mineral Specific Collectors in<br />
Flotation: Selectivity in Apatite-calcite Flotation System<br />
T. Karlkvist 1 , A. Patra 1 , H. Kota 1 , R. Bordea 2 and K. Holmberg 2 ;<br />
1<br />
Minerals and Metals Research Laboratory, Lulea University of<br />
Technology, Lulea, Sweden and 2 Dept. of Chemical and Biological<br />
Engineering, Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden<br />
The present investigation aims to develop and distinguish mineral specific<br />
reagents with two functional groups to use in flotation for calcium containing<br />
minerals. A reference mono-carboxylate and 3 di-carboxylate surfactants with a<br />
fixed alkyl chain length but having two carboxyl groups with varying geometrical<br />
distances (separated by a spacer of 1, 2 and 3 carbon atoms) between them have<br />
been synthesized. Adsorption behaviors of these reagents on pure apatite and calcite<br />
surfaces were studied using Hallimond flotation, FTIR and ∂ potential measurements.<br />
Relation between adsorption behavior of a given surfactant on a specific<br />
mineral surface and its molecular structure over a range of concentration<br />
and pH values, and region of maximum recovery were established. The results<br />
show that only one of the reagents with a specified geometric distance between<br />
the anchoring groups is more selective for either calcite or apatite surface than<br />
other homologues synthesized. Selective adsorption of a given surfactant to a<br />
particular mineral surface relative to other mineral surfaces as evidenced in flotation<br />
studies is substantiated by ∂ potential and spectroscopy data.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
Water Chemistry Effects on Zeta Potential of Concentrated<br />
Hematite Ore<br />
H. Haselhuhn; Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological<br />
University, Houghton, MI<br />
The effectiveness of selective flocculation and dispersion processes for the concentration<br />
of hematite ore are strongly dependent on the ionic content of the<br />
process water. It has been noticed that magnesium ions are more detrimental to<br />
iron recoveries during gravity separation and flotation processes than calcium.<br />
This phenomenon was studied by measuring the zeta potential of hematite ore at<br />
various concentrations of sodium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium at<br />
a pH of 11. Results showed that zeta potential inverts from negative to positive at<br />
very low concentrations of magnesium ions in the solution. It takes a significantly<br />
higher concentration of calcium, ions to achieve the same effect. This difference<br />
was attributed to the ability of magnesium ions to adsorb to all surface<br />
hydroxyl groups, whereas calcium, due to their larger size, can only adsorb to<br />
every other hydroxyl group. This hypothesis was confirmed by results similar to<br />
those seen with calcium when this test was repeated with strontium and barium<br />
ions. This adsorption theory explains how higher concentrations of calcium ions<br />
are less detrimental to hematite concentration processes than magnesium.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Plant design and optimization II<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
H. Haselhuhn, Michigan Technological University,<br />
Houghton, MI<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Haile Gold Mine Metallurgy and Flowsheet Review<br />
J. Wickens and M. Deal; Haile Gold Mine, Kershaw, SC<br />
Haile Gold Mine is located near Kershaw, South Carolina, approximately 50<br />
miles south of Charlotte, North Carolina. Gold was first discovered at the site in<br />
1827, and the property has been through several operating periods since. The relatively<br />
low grade and refractory nature of the deposit has been a challenge for efficient<br />
processing since the start of mining on the property. Early processing techniques<br />
included gravity separation and barrel chlorination. The last operation<br />
employed heap leaching in 1985 through 1991. After being closed and reclaimed<br />
for over 20 years, the property is poised to re-open and produce once again. In<br />
this chapter of the Mines legacy, flotation and ultra-fine grinding will be employed<br />
to achieve economic extraction of gold and silver from the pyrite. This<br />
paper briefly reviews some of the historic processing methods, reviews the current<br />
metallurgical testing and results used to develop the new process flow sheet,<br />
presents the flow sheet and equipment selection, and highlights a few of the specific<br />
project nuances experienced to date.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Larger Flotation Cells in the Copper Processing Industry Recent<br />
Experiences and Future Considerations for 2012 Onwards<br />
D. Meadows 1 , F. Traczyk 2 and C. Letelier 3 ; 1 FLSmidth Minerals,<br />
Salt Lake City, UT; 2 FLSmidth Minerals, Salt Lake City, UT and<br />
3<br />
FLSmidth Minerals, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
During the last few years the economies of scale have continued to drive copper<br />
projects to larger throughputs to offset the depleting lower grade resources. A<br />
decade ago there were only a small number of projects that stretched beyond<br />
100,000 mtpd throughput rates. Nowadays and moving forward virtually all the<br />
major copper projects are sized beyond this, with throughput rates up to 250,000<br />
mtpd now under evaluation for a number of key projects in Chile and Peru. This<br />
paper explores the development from the 160 m3 flotation cells, through to the<br />
257 m3 cells and nowadays to the 300 m3 cells. A number of specific installations<br />
are reviewed in this growth phase including Kennecott, Minera Los Pelambres,<br />
Mineral Park and Esperanza. Metallurgical results as well as layout, maintenance<br />
and operational aspects are highlighted. Finally some discussion is made on the<br />
new 600 m3 cell and its role and potential in the new flowsheets.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
86<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Testwork <strong>Program</strong>s Too Little, Too Late<br />
C. Jeltema, W. Baum, P. Thompson and D. Meadows; FLSmidth,<br />
Midvale, UT<br />
Testwork programs for greenfield projects and expansions are essential for effective<br />
process design, accurate equipment sizing, and timely startups. Adequate<br />
testwork is even more imperative as mined ore bodies are becoming deeper,<br />
harder, more finely grained, and lower grade with higher impurity elements.<br />
Further, these future ores do not always fit within the framework of currently<br />
available testwork databases and installations. The effects of inadequate testwork<br />
are evident in some of the mill sizing errors made in recent years, together with<br />
slow plant ramp ups. It is recognized that achieving adequate testwork is challenging.<br />
The ramifications of inadequate testwork and lack of mineralogical ore<br />
characterization on equipment sizing and process design will be discussed to emphasize<br />
testwork importance. Explanations, examples, interpretation, and cost<br />
estimates of testwork programs will be presented. Finally, recommendations will<br />
be made for the planning, execution, utilization, and follow-through of a minerals<br />
processing testwork program.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
A Sound Strategy: Using Sonic Horns to Prevents Buildups and<br />
Improve the Efficiency of Baghouses and Fans<br />
J. Shelton and S. Griffith; Martin Engineering, Neponset, IL<br />
This presentation will look at how the application of sonic horns can prevent<br />
material buildups and improve the efficiency of bag houses and fans. Sonic<br />
horns use a high-intensity/low-frequency pulse of sound to prevent and/or<br />
break up the accumulations of dry materials. These accumulations can interfere<br />
with the operating efficiency of large industrial fans and impair the efficiency of<br />
fabric dust collectors. In this presentation the authors will discuss the principles<br />
of the application of sound energy to improve industrial operations. He will<br />
then look at specific examples of application of sonic horns on various types of<br />
baghouses and fans.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Iron Plant Mill Optimization through the Optimization of a<br />
Single Parameter<br />
E. Tuzcu; DAMA Engineering, Ankara, Turkey<br />
Evaluation of the efficiency of the closed grinding mill-classifier circuit is complicated<br />
due to direct and interaction effects of the process variables. Identifying<br />
the effects of design and operating variables in an isolated environment or in a<br />
controlled experiment is easier than to do the same in an industrial plant.<br />
Functional performance efficiency (FPE) coefficient is defined as the function of<br />
classifier and ball mill efficiency and calculated for a particular set of operating<br />
variables to evaluate circuit efficiency. The configuration that gives the best circuit<br />
output and FPE coefficient is announced as the optimal operating conditions. In<br />
order to find out which configuration is better, different mill surveys are carried<br />
out. This is certainly the exact way to verify an engineers solution. However it is<br />
labor and time intensive. In this work, a combined FPE and simulation method is<br />
applied to optimize FPE coefficient. Different mill surveys are carried out in the<br />
simulation environment to find optimum conditions by tracking FPE coefficient<br />
as a function of everything. Finally, based on the best FPE coefficient, the optimum<br />
process variables are proposed.<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Problematic non-sulfide Gangue Minerals<br />
and their detrimental effects<br />
in Flotation Performance<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: T. Bhambhani, Cytec Industries, Inc., Stamford, CT<br />
M. Vasudevan, Cytec Industries, Inc., Stamford, CT<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Effect of Clay Minerals on Rheology of Flotation Slurries<br />
N. Cruz; The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia<br />
Clay minerals such as kaolinite and smectite, which are often associated with<br />
copper, gold and other valuable minerals, place a widespread problem in mineral<br />
flotation. There have been numerous observations of these clay minerals having<br />
a deleterious effect on mineral flotation grade and recovery, with simultaneous<br />
observations of high flotation pulp viscosity, over-stable froth or the absence of<br />
froth. Rigorous explanations on how clay minerals affect flotation are not available.<br />
There are extensive studies on the formation of network structures of clay<br />
minerals and the development of viscosity, but they do not address the complex<br />
chemical and physical environment of mineral flotation. The aim of this research<br />
is to identify how clay minerals affect the rheological properties of flotation slurries.<br />
Steady and dynamic rheology measurements are conducted for pure clays<br />
(sodium bentonite and kaolinite) and for mixtures of clays with other minerals<br />
and clean ores in the absence and presence of flotation reagents. The size and<br />
structure of mineral aggregates are monitored in conjunction with rheological<br />
measurement and correlated with mineral flotation behaviour.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Examining the Different Behaviour of Non-ionic Dispersants in<br />
Fresh and Saline Water<br />
D. Liu and Y. Peng; School of Chemical Engineering, The University<br />
of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia<br />
Clay minerals, which often coat the surface of valuable minerals and bubble surfaces,<br />
have an adverse effect on the coal flotation process, leading to the decrease<br />
of both coal recovery and grade. These problems are exacerbated by saline water<br />
which is used in coal flotation in Australia. The industry has been fully aware of<br />
the difficulties in treating clayey ores in saline water. To improve the coal flotation,<br />
cationic dispersants are normally used to remove the slime coating.<br />
However in the presence of high ionic strength process water, these traditional<br />
dispersants are invalid due to the ionic effect. In this study, two types of non-ionic<br />
dispersants was introduced and developed with the aim to reduce the viscosity in<br />
both pulp and froth phases and remove slime coating from particles and bubbles<br />
in saline water. For a comparison, coal flotation was also conducted in deionized<br />
water using the same dispersants. It is interesting to find that non-ionic dispersants<br />
behaved differently in fresh and saline water as well.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Atypical Grade-recovery Curves as Diagnostic Tools in Sulfide<br />
Mineral Processing<br />
M. Vasudevan, T. Bhambhani and D. Nagaraj; Mineral Processing<br />
R&D, Cytec Industries, Stamford, CT<br />
In sulfide mineral flotation, grade recovery curves are used to glean the flotation<br />
response/ kinetics of a given mineral to changes in certain flotation parameters.<br />
One usually finds that their day-to-day usage is largely limited to comparing the<br />
flotation response to different reagents, e.g. collectors. Given the large variability<br />
in the complex mineralogy of ores, several ore types routinely processed exhibit<br />
atypical grade recovery characteristics. This paper is an effort to highlight the hidden<br />
and often neglected aspects of these atypical curves which can help gain insights<br />
of the underlying flotation mechanisms and challenges, and thus help in<br />
designing better processes/solutions. Specifically, we present the flotation response<br />
of problematic sulfide ores with very different gangue mineralogy, which<br />
show unusual but similar grade-recovery characteristics. We present hypotheses<br />
and experiments to understand and explain this behavior and the underlying<br />
mechanism. Finally, we propose chemical modifiers as solutions to the problem<br />
and to improve the efficiency of flotation performance.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
87<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Viscometric Characterization of Carboxymethyl Celluloses of<br />
Various Molecular Weights and Degrees of Substitution<br />
E. Arinaitwe and M. Pawlik; Mining Engineering, University of<br />
British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada<br />
Six CMCs of various degrees of substitution (DS) and molecular weights (MW)<br />
were characterized by dilute solution viscometry. The intrinsic viscosities of the<br />
polymers were measured as a function of ionic strength (distilled water and<br />
0.01M NaCl), pH (37) and temperature (2550oC). The molecular weight distributions<br />
of the polymers were determined from analytical ultracentrifugation. In<br />
distilled water, the intrinsic viscosities increased with DS and pH indicating an<br />
extended conformation. In 0.01M NaCl, CMC assumed a coiled conformation<br />
resulting in a decrease in the intrinsic viscosities. The effect of pH on the conformation<br />
of CMC was negligible provided that constant ionic strength was maintained<br />
during the tests. Temperature also had a very weak effect on the intrinsic<br />
viscosity of CMC. Estimates of the chain persistence length (Lp) showed that the<br />
chain flexibility decreased with increasing pH in distilled water (Lp Η 10 nm 27<br />
nm) while there was no significant change with pH in 0.01 M NaCl (Lp Η 11 nm<br />
13 nm). Overall, the results suggest that ionic strength is the main parameter affecting<br />
the conformation and flexibility of the tested CMC samples.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Extractability of Bitumen from Oil Sand Ores and Its Correlation<br />
with Rheological Measurements<br />
L. Gutierrez and M. Pawlik; Mining Engineering, University of<br />
British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada<br />
An investigation of the correlation between the rheological behavior and extractability<br />
of bitumen from slurries of four different oil sand ores was carried<br />
out. Bitumen content in these ores ranged from 5.9 to 10.6 wt%, and the fines<br />
content (-44 …m) from 26 to 55 vol.%. All the experiments were performed at a<br />
constant solids content of 45 wt%. The rheology of these slurries and variations<br />
of viscosity were determined from power draw measurements using a Turn-Table<br />
set-up. The extractability of bitumen from the tested ores was assessed from results<br />
of flotation tests performed in a standard Denver flotation machine. The results<br />
of power draw measurements and bitumen recovery from these oil sand<br />
slurries showed that the viscosity of the slurries decreased as the quality of the<br />
ores decreased. The slurries prepared with oil sands ores of the lowest bitumen<br />
content and highest fines content displayed the lowest power draw requirements.<br />
Additionally, it was also observed that viscosity decreased with an increase in pH<br />
and temperature of the slurries.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
‘Bubble Flux’ – Microstructure Interactions in Transport of Plate<br />
Type Gangue to Flotation Concentrate<br />
C. Lo, P. Patra, Y. Shen and P. Somasundaran; Earth and<br />
Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY<br />
Plate type gangue minerals pose challenges in the beneficiation of complex sulfide<br />
ores during the flotation operations. These challenges include identification<br />
and quantitative estimation of the effects of physico-chemical characteristics of<br />
plate type minerals to: a) various sub-processes, such as, pulp rheology intermediated<br />
by bubble-particle dispersion, froth development and stability, effect of pulp<br />
chemistry on mineral reagent interactions; and b) contributions to the concentrate<br />
grade. In this talk, the mechanisms by which different size fractions of plate<br />
type minerals such as muscovite and biotite transport to the froth phase will be<br />
discussed. Plate type minerals aggregate and form microstructures allowing them<br />
to be transported via bubble flux. Such a mechanism is different from the mechanism<br />
of true flotation of minerals where the hydrophobic particles attached to<br />
bubble surfaces and transport to the froth phase. In order to delineate the contributions<br />
from the two mechanisms to the transport of plate type minerals, results<br />
of muscovite and biotite transport has been compared with that obtained from<br />
poly acrylic particles.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Geology: Strategic Minerals – treasures of<br />
the Lithosphere<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: C. Seeger, Missouri Geological Survey, Rolla, MO<br />
J. Davis, Missouri Geological Survey, Rolla, MO<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Tellurium Resources in New Mexico<br />
V. McLemore; Bur of Geology, NM Inst Mining Tech, Socorro, NM<br />
Tellurium (Te) is one of the least abundant elements and tends to form minerals<br />
associated with Cu, Pb, Zn and Fe sulfide deposits. Today, most Te production<br />
comes from the anode slimes and other wastes generated in metal refining. Most<br />
of the current Te production is used as an alloying agent in iron and steel, as catalysts,<br />
and in the chemical industry. However, future demand and production<br />
could increase because Te is used in solar panels. Tellurium minerals are found<br />
in Au-Ag districts in New Mexico, but were not considered important exploration<br />
targets in the past. In New Mexico, Te is found associated with porphyry<br />
copper deposits in SW NM and with Au-Ag veins in the Eureka, Sylvanite,<br />
Organ, Lordsburg, Steeple Rock, Wilcox, Mogollon, Chloride, Cuchillo,<br />
Hillsboro, Zuni Mountains, White Oaks, and Nogal-Bonito districts. The only<br />
Te production from NM has been from the Lone Pine deposit (Wilcox district),<br />
where approximately 5 tons of Te ore was produced. Gold-tellurides are found<br />
with Au, Ag, and fluorite in fracture-filling veins in rhyolite. Assays as much as<br />
5000 ppm Te are reported. Other districts in NM have potential for Te, but require<br />
field evaluation.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Criticality and Critical Mineral Resources<br />
L. Meinert; Mineral Resources <strong>Program</strong>, United States Geological<br />
Survey, Reston, VA<br />
Throughout history humans have relied on natural resources to meet basic needs<br />
of food, shelter, and comfort. With population growth and higher standards of<br />
living, human needs sometimes outpace available resources resulting in shortages<br />
and price spikes. In 2008, the National Research Council issued a report defining<br />
critical minerals as both essential in use and subject to the risk of supply restriction.<br />
This has been expanded to include other factors such as environmental impacts<br />
but it should be realized that the concept of criticality is context specific.<br />
What is critical for a specific manufacturer or product may not be critical for another,<br />
what is critical for a state may not be for a country, and what is critical for<br />
national defense may be different than what is necessary to make a television<br />
brighter or less expensive. Sustainability requires a longer term view of finite resources.<br />
For petroleum this resource constraint is often referred to as peak oil .<br />
Mineral resources are more difficult to forecast because they tend to occur as<br />
point sources in specific geotectonic settings. Thus, lists of critical mineral resources<br />
will change with time and societal need.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Status of Environmental Regulations for Strategic Minerals<br />
D. Mayfield 1 and A. Lewis 2 ; 1 Gradient, Seattle, WA and 2 Gradient,<br />
Cambridge, MA<br />
A number of strategic materials are undergoing scientific evaluation by US EPA,<br />
State, and International regulatory agencies. These evaluations are used to develop<br />
the quantitative criteria that underlie many of the regulations designed to<br />
protect human health and the environment. For example, the US EPA is currently<br />
developing health-based criteria for strategic minerals (e.g., Sb, Cd, Co,<br />
Mn, Ni, Pt, V, W) and drafts are scheduled for release during 2013 and 2014.<br />
Stakeholders in the strategic minerals supply chain will need to monitor these<br />
regulatory activities and understand the implications of revised criteria for<br />
health-based regulations, including issues related to permitting, occupational<br />
health, waste disposal, and remediation. This presentation will provide an<br />
overview of the processes involved in developing toxicity criteria, including how<br />
to effectively engage in the process, as well as provide an update on regulatory developments<br />
for specific strategic metals.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
88<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Trace Elements in Porphyry Copper Systems as Strategic Minerals<br />
R. Yano 1 and J. Price 2 ; 1 Dept. of Earth Sciences and Engineering,<br />
University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV and 2 Nevada Bureau of Mines<br />
and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV<br />
Analyses of trace elements in bulk ores and in chalcopyrite and other ore minerals<br />
from porphyry copper systems worldwide, including skarns and breccia pipes,<br />
reveal some key factors regarding byproduct critical elements. The laser ablation<br />
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique developed by the USGS<br />
on selected ores from the Mackay-Stanford Ore Deposits Collection suggests that<br />
selenium occurs as atomic substitutions in sulfides, particularly chalcopyrite (up<br />
to 347 ppm Se); tellurium occurs predominantly as less-than-five-micron-sized inclusions<br />
of bismuth-tellurium minerals in other ore minerals, particularly chalcopyrite;<br />
cobalt and nickel are locally enriched in pyrite (up to 788 ppm Co and<br />
334 ppm Ni); gallium is locally enriched in magnetite (up to 83 ppm Ga); and<br />
cadmium substitutes for zinc, particularly in sphalerite (up to 4100 ppm Cd).<br />
There is considerable variation, both between and within individual deposits, in<br />
both selenium and tellurium content in these copper ores, ranging from 0.8 to 126<br />
ppm Se and 0.09 to 64 ppm Te. Indium tends to be high in copper ores that are<br />
also enriched in silver.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
XRF Detection of REE-bearing Minerals,<br />
Pea Ridge Mine, Missouri<br />
C. Seeger 1 and B. Smotherman 2 ; 1 Missouri Geological Survey, Rolla,<br />
MO and 2 Weatherford, Springfield, MO<br />
A portable x-ray fluorescence (XRF) device was used to analyze core runs from<br />
the Pea Ridge Iron Mine in central Missouri to evaluate the ability of the technology<br />
to rapidly and effectively detect the presence of light and heavy rare earth<br />
elements (REE’s). The core, housed in the McCracken Core Library of the<br />
Missouri Geological Survey, has known occurrences of both classes of REE’s<br />
from provenienced depths and locations within the mine. While this application<br />
was used to locate concentrations of the minerals for purposes of petrological<br />
thin-section analysis, the technology could be utilized in the field for real time<br />
data analysis and more effective mine planning.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Rare Earth-tungsten Interactions Come to Light<br />
S. Sinha 1 and J. Hedrick 2 ; 1 Rare Earths R Us, Dayton, OH and<br />
2<br />
Hedrick Consultants, Inc., Burke, VA<br />
The rare earths elements (REE) and tungsten (W) are interesting elements on<br />
their own, but interesting reactions occur when they are combined. In igneous<br />
pegmatite mineral deposits, especially in China, tungsten minerals such as scheelite<br />
(CaWO4) and wolframite (Fe,Mn)WO4 occur with the rare-earth minerals<br />
monazite-(Ce) with the formula (Ce, La, Nd, Th)(PO4) and xenotime-(Y) with<br />
the formula (Y(PO4). This geologic mix is of great interest because of the ion-adsorption<br />
clays in South China may have been derived from these type deposits<br />
after some unusual weathering conditions and possibly different temperature and<br />
pressure conditions followed by intense lateritic weathering.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
Lithium Clays in the McDermitt Caldera, Oregon-Nevada<br />
Boundary, United States<br />
L. Stillings 1 , C. Morissette 2 , S. Castor 3 and D. Bryan 4 ;<br />
1<br />
U.S. Geological Survey, Reno, NV; 2 <strong>Program</strong> of Hydrological<br />
Sciences, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV; 3 Nevada Bureau of<br />
Mines and Geology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV and<br />
4<br />
Western Lithium Corporation, Reno, NV<br />
pegmatites and hydrothermally altered rocks. The highest Li concentration, 1.18<br />
1.24%, is found in the tainiolite suggesting hydrothermal fluids may have been<br />
the source of Li enrichment.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
GPac: Stake your claim on the next Four<br />
years: a new administration and Its Impact<br />
on the Mining Industry<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
S. Gardner, ECSI LLC, Lexington, KY<br />
2:05 PM<br />
I f you do not take part in the political process, the political process will take you<br />
apart. This is true of every business mining or otherwise. The erosive force of<br />
misinformation about the mining industry and the benefits it brings to modern<br />
society cuts an ever-widening chasm between the industry, the government and<br />
the communities in which we operate. <strong>SME</strong>s Board recognized this and decided<br />
that the Society should be part of the process to institute change in the way government<br />
and the public perceive the mining industry, in general, and <strong>SME</strong> in particular.<br />
The Board created the Government Relations and Public Affairs<br />
Committee (GPAC) to be a bridge between disparate parties by disseminating<br />
factual technical information about mining. <strong>SME</strong> is in a unique position to advocate<br />
for (not necessarily lobby on behalf of) the mining and minerals profession.<br />
GPAC provides relevant, non-partisan, fact-based professional and technical information<br />
to elected officials, policy makers, thought leaders and others involved<br />
in public policy that impacts the mining community.<br />
Speakers:<br />
Steve Gardner – Moderator<br />
John Marsden/Catherine Dreesbach<br />
An overview of GPAC; how and why <strong>SME</strong> took a leadership position in creating<br />
a government relations and public affairs committee; overview of GPAC<br />
technical briefing papers.<br />
Kathy Benedetto/Colin Hayes<br />
View from Capitol Hill: House and Senate Committee priorities for mining<br />
issues (INVITED)<br />
Andy Merritt, District Director for Congressman/Mike Coffman, (R-CO)<br />
A lawmaker’s perspective on the future of the mining industry in Colorado and<br />
the U.S. (INVITED)<br />
Jim Sims, Gov’t Director for MolyCorp<br />
Legislative update: Practical impact of Congressional action on the rare<br />
earths/mining industry in 2013-’14 (INVITED)<br />
Rick Deery<br />
BLM and the future of mining and mineral development on public lands<br />
John Shively, President of Alaska Pebble Project/Steve Gardner<br />
Regulatory update: Bristol Bay example/Arch Coal Spruce Mine<br />
EPA veto authority/Stream Buffer Zone Rule<br />
Dave Klug<br />
A Civil View: A different perspective on the impacts of government legislation<br />
and regulation on the underground heavy civil tunnel construction industry.<br />
There is renewed interest in Li clay as a resource for Li, needed for batteries and<br />
renewable power. Miocene-aged sediments within McDermitt Caldera of OR<br />
and NV, USA, contain hectorite, a Li- smectite clay. Geochemical and mineralogical<br />
analyses have been performed on clays collected from 100-210 ft depth<br />
and from surface trenches, from the PCD area at the southern edge of the<br />
caldera. Geochemical analyses were conducted by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF)<br />
for major elements and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission/Mass<br />
Spectrometry (ICP-AES/MS) for Li and trace elements. Mineralogical analysis<br />
consisted of powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) using random-packed and oriented<br />
(air-dried and glycolated) samples. The clays are Al-poor and Mg- and F-<br />
rich. Li concentration is 0.39 1.24%. Clays from surface trenches and 100-140<br />
are hectorite, whereas deeper clays, from 190-210 are Li-illite. XRD and chemical<br />
analyses of the illite are consistent with the mineral tainiolite, a Li mica found in<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
89<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Management: Mine Management<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: C. Krall, Barrick - Cortez, Crescent Valley, NV<br />
T. Kandawasvika, Barrick Goldstrike Mines Inc.,<br />
Elko, NV<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Power and Politics in Organizations<br />
T. Camm; Mining Engineering, Montana Tech, Butte, MT<br />
Aristotle made the observation that man is a political animal. Engineers often<br />
like to think they are above the fray when it comes to organizational politics, but<br />
most organizational theorists believe politics is a fundamental dynamic in any<br />
group. This paper examines the various ways that people use power within organizations<br />
to negotiate the political interactions in the work place.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Human Resources Development for Small Startup Projects<br />
S. Parrow; Barrick, Whitehall, MT<br />
This topic will be based from the presenters experience and will explain one of<br />
the ways to create a sucessful human resources program for a new, small startup<br />
project. Topic items include, proper staffing, programs that need to be created,<br />
human resource laws to follow as well as how to determine pay scales and bonus<br />
structures. The presenter will also identify pitfalls to advoid and potential issues<br />
while developing a program. Identfied outside resources that were used during<br />
the creation of this program will also be discussed.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Mine Project 101 (MP101): Challenges<br />
M. Javier; EnviroMINE, Denver, CO<br />
MP101 offers new meaning for mining in social & environmental terms. The objective<br />
is to prove that new values added to mining will prevent social-environmental<br />
conflicts when opening mines without damaging the mining industries<br />
bottom line. This new paradigm for conscientious mining is not only feasible but<br />
also necessary at the conceptualization stage of mining projects. Using such mining<br />
design practices will ensure the equilibrium of nature in every mine. MP101<br />
will help extractive industry establish the best ethical values for & from mining.<br />
This approach uses the values & sustainability of nature from which information<br />
& procedures for a mine operation is provided. Design & mine planning offer extraction-closure<br />
simultaneously & adds free of negative socio-environmental impacts.<br />
Practicing a new cultural mindset of preventive starting with design before<br />
breaking ground will ensure that the environment is left undisturbed save for the<br />
minerals being mined. MP101 will disclose scientific & technical information<br />
about mining projects. It is an instrument for ensuring equilibrium in nature during<br />
the entire phase of mining projects from concept to closure.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Management of Project Risk in Underground Mining<br />
Method Selection<br />
R. Guzman and J. Botin; Ingenieria de Mineria, Pontificia<br />
Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile<br />
The selection of the mining method is one of the most strategic decisions in a<br />
mining project since it strongly affects the overall economics and the feasibility of<br />
the project. Current mining method selection methods focus on integrating the<br />
orebody attributes such as depth, geometry, rock mass properties and grades with<br />
infrastructure requirements and costs. However, parameters related to safety and<br />
sustainability and the impact of the mining method decision on other business<br />
processes downstream along the project value chain must also be considered.<br />
MPRM (Mine Project Risk Management) is a value-chain focused risk management<br />
methodology focusing on identifying those processes, subprocesses and<br />
project parameters bearing a significant level of uncertainty, from exploration to<br />
mine closure. This paper discusses the application of the MPRM methodology in<br />
the selection of the mining method of an underground mining project.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
What Will Halt the Worldwide Decline in Mine<br />
Equipment Performance?<br />
R. Adsero 1 and G. Lumley 2 ; 1 GBI Mining Intelligence, Olathe, KS<br />
and 2 GBI Mining Intelligence, Brisbane, QLD, Australia<br />
The analysis of equipment trends in AUSIMMs Revision of Monograph 19;<br />
Australasian Mining and Metallurgy Operating Practices (AMMOP),by Dr.<br />
Graham Lumley raises some disturbing trends in worldwide mine equipment<br />
productivity.According to the ABS, productivity of the whole mining industry is<br />
down 34% since 2001.In terms of surface equipment median output, draglines<br />
are down 15% since 2003; electric rope shovels down 40% since 2003; hydraulic<br />
excavators down 30% since 2008; front end loaders down 39% since 2007 and<br />
trucks down 41% since 2006.During this same period, best practice (average of<br />
the top 10%) has declined much less (eg. shovels -8%,excavators -19% and FELs<br />
-5%).This paper builds on the analysis of AMMOP to understand the differences<br />
between median and best practice and identifies the factors contributing to the<br />
decline in performance. As the industry enters a period of potentially lower<br />
prices and reduced margins, pressure will increase to move more with existing<br />
equipment.An understanding of where efficiency has been lost is a key to improvement.The<br />
analysis of AMMOP information in papers such as this will be<br />
crucial to reversing the decline in equipment performance.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
operations: operational Safety and risk<br />
Management in Mining operations<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: S. Oyewole, Penn State University,<br />
University Park, PA<br />
T. Hethmon, Hethmon Assoc LLC, Sandy, UT<br />
B. Stanley, Thyssen Mining Construction of Canada,<br />
Regina, SK<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Keep Mining: Why Bulk Fuel Filtration is Needed to Keep Todays<br />
Modern Diesel Engines Running<br />
S. Grossbauer; Donaldson Company, Inc., Minneapolis, MN<br />
Todays modern diesel engines are designed with efficiency and low emissions in<br />
mind. To achieve these objectives, fuel injection system pressures are moving up<br />
in excess of 30,000 psi. These higher pressures drive the need for fuel cleanliness<br />
levels never seen before in order to meet injector life and maintenance interval expectations.<br />
In order to achieve the levels of cleanliness now required, a two step<br />
approach to filtration is needed. Onboard filtration alone will be challenged to<br />
meet the expected levels of efficiency and life due to limitations in dirt holding<br />
capacity and compromised performance in harsh on-engine environments. This<br />
presentation will explain why bulk fuel filtration, or filtering the fuel prior to<br />
being put into use on the equipment, should be an integral part of every mines<br />
contamination control strategy. Concepts related to site design and the<br />
importance of filtering prior to storage in the onsite tank will be covered, as well<br />
as more technical challenges involving electrostatic discharge and fuel additive<br />
dropout. Mining success stories from around the world will also be shared, as<br />
well as general best practices.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Germination of Failure: The Role of Human Factors in<br />
Effective RCA<br />
R. Latino; Reliability Center, Inc., Hopewell, VA<br />
In this paper I will make the case how well Human Factors are integrated into a<br />
RCA approach. I will explain the germination of a failure originating in deficient<br />
organizational systems. Oftentimes such systems produce inadequate information<br />
or no information in which to make educated decisions. I will delve into understanding<br />
why people make poor decisions and open our eyes to the understanding<br />
of the field of Human Factors Engineering and its contribution to<br />
effective RCA. Many RCA approaches satisfactorily stop at physical or human<br />
root causes. Physical root causes stop at the first observable consequence level<br />
such as a failed component. Stopping here leaves a heightened risk of recurrence<br />
because we do not really understand why that component failed. Human root<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
90<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
causes are decision errors of omission or commission. Stopping here is often<br />
called witch hunting and is counterproductive to effective RCA as well as overall<br />
operational reliability. I will discuss the TRUE causes of failures. The Latent<br />
Root Causes and the rationale for the decisions we make.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
An Analysis of Recent MSHA Accident Data for Underground<br />
Metal Mines Using Backfill<br />
J. Seymour, L. Martin, C. Clark, D. Tesarik and M. Stepan; OMSHR,<br />
NIOSH, Spokane, WA<br />
This paper provides an overview of the current use of backfill for ground support<br />
in underground metal mines in the United States and a summary of recent accident<br />
data reported for these mines by the Mine Safety and Health Administration<br />
(MSHA). Backfill mines comprise a major part of the underground metal mining<br />
industry and are particularly important in terms of the fatalities and injuries impacting<br />
this workforce. MSHA reported several different types of accidents involving<br />
backfill at these mines. These backfill-related accidents accounted for 63<br />
percent of the fatalities. Ground falls were the single leading cause of fatal accidents<br />
accounting for 50 percent of the fatalities. While backfill ground falls do<br />
not occur frequently, these accidents result in a much higher proportion of fatalities<br />
than host rock ground falls. Backfill ground fall accidents are especially hazardous<br />
in underhand cut-and-fill mining operations where employees are working<br />
directly beneath the backfill. MSHA accident data indicates that further<br />
cooperative research with the mining industry is needed to identify and address<br />
ground fall problems in underground metal mines using backfill.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Managing Blasting Service Risk In Order to Reduce Blasting<br />
Service Liability<br />
B. Fidler and D. Lilly; Indsutry Sales Support, Dyno Nobel,<br />
Salt Lake City, UT<br />
A sound framework of risk oversight, risk management and internal control is<br />
fundamental to good corporate governance of a mining or quarry operation. A<br />
solid risk management program underpins reliable customer service for a blasting<br />
service, regulatory compliance with relevant laws and regulations for effective<br />
and efficient operations, and fragmented material to ensure mining efficiencies.<br />
A risk evaluation or profile needs to be conducted for each new customer or<br />
new blasting project based on a Risk Evaluation Tool in order to accurately and<br />
subjectively understand the actual risks prior to obtaining/starting the work.<br />
Risk is the possibility that an event will occur and adversely affect the achievement<br />
of objectives. Risk Assessing/Evaluation Tool would be used at all levels<br />
of drill or blast work utilizing multiple risk ratings. Developing a risk evaluation<br />
tool to help ensure the job, project or customer contract bid is performed which<br />
reviews and understands the possible liability associated with providing sufficient<br />
blasting service.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
RISKGATE – A Case Study of Effectively Sharing Risk Controls in<br />
Australian Coal Operations<br />
P. Kirsch 1 , J. Harris 1 , S. Goater 1 , D. Sprott 2 , J. Joy 3 and D. Cliff 1 ;<br />
1<br />
MISHC, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia; 2<br />
Design Solutions Pty Ltd, Buddina, QLD, Australia and 3 JK Tech Pty<br />
Ltd, Indooroopilly, QLD, Australia<br />
The Australian Coal Association Research <strong>Program</strong> (ACARP) is funded by a<br />
levy on all Australian black coal producers. RISKGATE is the largest single<br />
ACARP occupational health and safety (OHS) initiative to date. RISKGATE is<br />
an interactive online risk management system developed by the Minerals<br />
Industry Safety and Health Centre (MISHC; University of Queensland) to assist<br />
the mining industry in implementing continual improvement in management of<br />
major unwanted events so maximising health and safety performance. All major<br />
Australian mining companies are contributing topic experts to this broad industry<br />
initiative. RISKGATE generates substantive and leading edge controls to assist<br />
industry stakeholders in the design, management and reporting of organisational<br />
and regulatory compliance requirements. From a broader industry<br />
perspective, RISKGATE provides an environment for knowledge capture and<br />
knowledge exchange to drive innovation and best practice in the identification,<br />
assessment and management of risk. By capturing operational knowledge from<br />
industry experts, RISKGATE provides a cumulative corporate memory at a time<br />
of high personnel turnover in the coal industry.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Using Bowtie Diagrams for Analysing and Assessing the Risk of<br />
Major Hazards in the Mining Industry<br />
G. Lyle 1 , P. Foster 2 , V. Pakalnis 1 and D. Millar 1 ; 1 MIRARCO,<br />
Sudbury, ON, Canada and 2 University of Exeter, Cornwall,<br />
United Kingdom<br />
Where risk assessment has been used in the mining industry there has been little<br />
consideration between “major” hazards (high consequence-low likelihood risks<br />
such as explosions, fires, and major falls of ground) and “occupational” hazards<br />
(lower consequence-higher likelihood risks). These different types of hazards are<br />
assessed together using a single risk assessment process. This paper will argue<br />
against this, stating that these types of hazard should be managed separately<br />
using different risk assessment techniques and advocating Bowtie analysis as a<br />
technique when looking at major hazards. A Bowtie diagram is a graphical<br />
means of assessment that focuses on identifying all the specific causes and consequences<br />
of major events, from which all the pre-event and post-event control<br />
measures can be identified. From this critical control measures can be identified<br />
and monitoring/assurance systems can be established. It is this assessment of<br />
control measures and their effectiveness that replaces the more traditional evaluation<br />
of risk. This paper will use examples of real Bowtie assessments and look at<br />
some of the techniques used for assessing control effectiveness.<br />
chair:<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology: how Software technology<br />
Makes My Job easier<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
A. Garcia, Maptek, Lakewood, CO<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Real Time Monitoring Techniques for Haul Fleet<br />
Reliabiltiy Improvement<br />
D. Fisk; Mining Solutions, Honeywell Advanced Solutions, Toronto,<br />
ON, Canada<br />
Numerous mines have implemented real time tools to monitor the health of their<br />
hauling andloading fleets with significant successes. We will look at the workflows,<br />
methodologies and results from a North American mine who have been<br />
using real time health monitoring on their fleet for a number of years. The impact<br />
on reliability and cost will be reviewed<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Geotechnical Data Collection and Analysis<br />
Z. Hladysz 1 , S. Otto 1 , K. Hachmeister 1 , C. Randolph-Loar 2 and<br />
S. Schiele 3 ; 1 Golder Associates, Lakewood, CO; 2 Lachel and<br />
Associates, Golden, CO and 3 Maptek, Lakewood, CO<br />
Recent hardware and software developments in the acquisition and processing of<br />
geotechnical data allow the engineer to perform geotechnical assessments with a<br />
new level of efficiency and accuracy. This provides an important edge as the increasingly<br />
competitive market for mineral resources demands corresponding increases<br />
in productivity without jeopardizing mine safety. This paper presents the<br />
authors experience with the digital mapping technology used for geotechnical assessment<br />
of the rock mass at the former Homestake Mine as a site of Sanford<br />
Underground Research Facility. The results of the geotechnical investigations,<br />
which involved laser scanners and I-Site Studio software, were used for excavation<br />
design. Significant advantages of this technology were fast and safe data acquisition,<br />
efficient processing, and cost-effective and accurate geotechnical analysis.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
New Trends in Energy Management Systems and Its Benefits for<br />
Mining Applications<br />
R. Kaushik and F. Mielli; Schneider Electric, Alpharetta, GA<br />
Key performance indicators and advanced analytics help mining operations manage<br />
energy in financial terms and gain unique insight into the impacts of power<br />
quality on their business and all energy assets. Stakeholders from management to<br />
plant level are able to be empowered by actionable energy intelligence to reveal<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
91<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
opportunities, isolate problems and drive cost and risk reduction strategies. The<br />
objective of this paper is to present new strategies in enterprise energy management<br />
software that goes beyond the traditional boundaries of energy management<br />
and power operations software by uniting business and energy strategies<br />
across your entire enterprise while performing wide-area analysis of events and<br />
conditions.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Using Dynamic Anisotropy to Improve Resource Estimation<br />
K. Zabrusky; Gustavson Associates, Lakewood, CO<br />
Estimation of high grade epithermal vein deposits can present challenges in correctly<br />
representing the continuity of grade within an undulating structure. One<br />
solution to this problem is to use dynamic anisotropy to follow local variations in<br />
the strike and dip of veins. Dynamic anisotropy (D.A.) allows the search parameters<br />
to change block by block throughout the model to account for the local variations.<br />
Presented here is a study of a vein that changes orientation down-dip. A<br />
traditional resource estimate using one search ellipse orientation was performed.<br />
The resulting estimated grades did not accurately reflect those of the sample data.<br />
Using a search ellipse with an average value for the two distinct dips caused the<br />
grade estimation to be less representative than desired. Rather than performing<br />
domain-based analysis with different search ellipses, the issue was corrected by<br />
using Datamine Studio 3s D.A. function. The 3D vein trend was used to estimate<br />
the dip and dip direction of the vein in each block. The resulting D.A.-estimated<br />
model follows the two dip trends of the vein. This software makes a previously tedious<br />
task faster, and allows for more accurate estimations.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Modeling Grade in Complex Geology<br />
J. Gray; Moose Mountain Technical Services, Calgary, AB, Canada<br />
World demand for metals has put pressure on the mining industry in exploration<br />
and also in modeling and mine planning while the number of experienced professionals<br />
is declining. Tools are needed to increase the productivity of the people<br />
and provide methods and procedures that meet the accuracy and time requirements<br />
for planning. Moose Mountain Technical Services utilizes<br />
MineSight 3D to support evaluations of deposits in the Canadian Rocky<br />
Mountains, home to some of the largest coking coal mines in the world. These<br />
are difficult to model due to multiple seams, variable thickness, splits, folding,<br />
and faulting. The modeling needs to represent the complex geology. These techniques<br />
have also been used on hard rock vein deposits. The presentation will discuss<br />
carrying multiple zones in a 3D block model to represent complex geology.<br />
It will also present the different level of modeling detail required for long term<br />
Life of Mine planning versus short term operations dig plans. It will be demonstrated<br />
that with the right modeling tools applied with the right techniques,<br />
timely and accurate results can be achieved.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Discussion of Variable Approaches to Search Ellipse<br />
Implementations<br />
R. Cooper; Newmont, Denver, CO<br />
The constant search ellipse used in resource estimation and the orthogonal nature<br />
of block models have a combined tendency to over-regularize the natural variables<br />
being estimated. These constraints are partly mitigated by the use of multiple<br />
geological, mineralization, and other domains in which the parameters are<br />
approximately constant by domain. The underlying issue of representing naturally-varying<br />
conditions with a constant search ellipse and other parameters remains,<br />
leading to poor estimation in structurally-complex models near domain<br />
boundaries, resulting in poor mining reconciliation in those zones. Methods of<br />
addressing a more natural level of local variability have been generated since the<br />
1970s. These increasingly sophisticated methods are variations of a technique<br />
known as unrolling . Among the common mining software systems there is now<br />
or soon will be a universal capability to perform unrolling. Software systems use<br />
multiple approaches, which can include the ability to transform the data and rotate<br />
the search ellipse. This presentation outlines the strengths of the current differing<br />
approaches using Vulcan 3D software and discusses where future enhancements<br />
may lie.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology: Mine Planning<br />
and optimization<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
H. Askari, University of Alberta, Edmotnon, AB<br />
2:05 PM<br />
A Simple Method to Select a Pit in the Presence of<br />
Grade Uncertainty<br />
T. Elkington 1 and R. Prott 2 ; 1 Snowden, West Perth, WA, Australia<br />
and 2 University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia<br />
Mine planners must select a single pit for design with the knowledge that the<br />
grades on which this selection is made are uncertain. This uncertainty is often ignored<br />
through the use of deterministic models of grade. This makes the mine<br />
planners job simpler but does not necessarily lead to the correct or best selection.<br />
Grade uncertainty is typically modelled with conditional simulation which generates<br />
multiple possible realisations of grade that are equally probable (or improbable)<br />
to occur. Methods for incorporating grade uncertainty into mine planning<br />
to date have either been perceived as being too complicated, not accessible<br />
or too time consuming. This paper proposes a simple and efficient modelling approach<br />
to incorporating conditional simulation into pit optimisation which<br />
would be able to be applied in currently commercially software. An example for<br />
Resolute Mining Ltds Syama Gold Project in Mali shows the range of ore, grade<br />
and value outcomes associated with generating pits through a variety of methods.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Simultaneous Pit and Waste Dump Schedule Optimization<br />
J. Butler 1 and T. George 2 ; 1 Minemax, Perth, WA, Australia and<br />
2<br />
Scott E. Wilson Consulting, Denver, CO<br />
Detailed waste dump scheduling is often carried out as a subsequent process to<br />
the development of a mine schedule. If there is no feasible schedule with the<br />
available truck fleet, it is necessary to return to the mine scheduling process and<br />
continue this iterative process until feasible mine and waste dump schedules are<br />
found. Even if a feasible set of schedules is found, there is no guarantee that the<br />
solution is optimal. This presentation outlines an approach for jointly optimizing<br />
detailed waste scheduling together with a mine schedule. Haulage capacity is<br />
included, together with options for multiple waste dumps and the containment<br />
of reactive waste. The approach is applicable to any mine schedule modeling<br />
framework based upon a constrained process based approach. Examples are<br />
given in Minemax’s scheduling solutions, including Minemax Scheduler,<br />
Tempo, and iGantt.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Integrated Approach for Production Scheduling of an Underground<br />
Room and Pillar Mine<br />
E. Clausen and O. Langefeld; Institute of Mining, TU Clausthal,<br />
Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany<br />
In order to guarantee an efficient and sustainable extraction of a mineral deposit,<br />
it is necessary that a production mix provided by the mining activities meets the<br />
quantity and, more importantly, quality requirements of the subsequent processing<br />
plant or customer. This becomes even more important with regard to short<br />
term production scheduling and with regard to a room-and-pillar mining<br />
method, which in this case is distinguished by a high degree of flexibility and selectivity<br />
considering the high degree of heterogeneity in the deposit. The paper<br />
and presentation will describe an integrated approach with an optimization<br />
model in conjunction with a simulation of the bulk material handling. Within the<br />
model geological, geometrical and mine planning aspects and specifications as<br />
well as shift-specific data concerning actual conditions and machinery were<br />
taken into consideration for scheduling shift-wise excavation activities with target<br />
validation of a uniform raw material flow by the simulation. With this scheduling<br />
a basis for the shift-wise allocation of the work equipment and operator to the<br />
work task could be established.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
92<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Automatic Creation of Ore-selection and Blast Polygons Using<br />
Clustering Algorithms<br />
M. Tabesh and H. Askari; Civil and Environmental Engineering,<br />
University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada<br />
There are multiple stages in a mining operation that a mining engineer has to<br />
draw polygons to be used as operation guidelines. These polygons are drawn by<br />
hand and based on engineers experience. However, having automatic procedures<br />
for forming the shapes can increase the quality and decrease the efforts required.<br />
Long-term planning needs large polygons that can be used as mining cuts. On the<br />
other hand, short-term planning requires mineable shapes to be used as mining<br />
faces. These shapes need to be homogenous in grades and rock types so that the<br />
quality and dilution of material sent to the plant can be estimated with the good<br />
approximation. In addition, blast patterns have to be formed with regular shapes,<br />
pre-determined mining width and based on the direction of mining. To satisfy<br />
these needs, a clustering algorithm with shape control is introduced which can<br />
provide reasonable guidelines for all the aforementioned shapes by manipulating<br />
its parameters. At the end, implementations of the algorithm on a real gold deposit<br />
with different mining strategies is presented and evaluated based on homogeneity<br />
of grade, rock types and determined destinations as well as the shape.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Improvement of Mine and Ore Processing Efficiency Using<br />
Quantitative Near-infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy for Prediction<br />
of Mineral Parameters<br />
D. Shiley; SummitCAL Solutions Team, ASD, Inc., Boulder, CO<br />
Near Infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy has been used to identify key alteration<br />
minerals in the spectral signature of rock and ore samples. This qualitative<br />
approach is used to help identify ore body boundaries and to create block models.<br />
Once a mine begins to operate, the need to refine the block model to include<br />
quantitative information on mineralogy or metallurgical parameters becomes<br />
necessary to allow for more efficient mine operation. Application of multivariate<br />
modeling techniques combining NIR spectra with mineralogy or metallurgical<br />
properties allows for true quantitative prediction of these mineral properties.<br />
Typically clays and other alteration minerals can be readily identified using NIR.<br />
This information is used to improve mine and ore efficiency, and predictions<br />
based on NIR models are typically used to optimize short-term planning and<br />
scheduling at mine sites.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Making Better and More Reliable Mine Plans and Understanding<br />
New Mine Engineering Tools Applications<br />
B. Perez; Solutions & Innovation, Newmont Mining Corporation,<br />
Denver, CO<br />
This is a paper that describes the implementation of new tools for mining engineers<br />
in Ghana. The goal was to use new tools available to make more reliable<br />
mine plans. An exercise to make a good transition from the strategic mine plan to<br />
the short term planning with and acceptable level of detailed that let mine engineers<br />
to understand the challenges and possible opportunities to improve the operation<br />
of a gold mine in Ghana. In this paper are described opportunities and<br />
challenges of the implementation of new tools that increase engineers skills.<br />
Those tools are used to change mine plans to achieve production and goals. those<br />
new planning tools let mine engineer later on to inter-connect them to give the answer<br />
to different what-if questions in mine planning that add value to the entire<br />
mine operation.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
The Relationship Between Rockmass, Blasting and End Product in<br />
a Large Porphyry Copper Mine<br />
A. Steciuk 1 and L. Goodhue 2 ; 1 Technical Services, Orica Canada Inc,<br />
Williams Lake, BC, Canada and 2 Mine Engineering, Taseko Limited,<br />
McLeese Lake, BC, Canada<br />
As part of the Mine to Mill initiatives that are currently taking place at a<br />
Porphyry Copper Mine in Canada, the relationship between rockmass characteristics,<br />
drill/blast parameters and downstream processing requirements are currently<br />
being explored with an end goal of increased mill throughput and optimum<br />
waste fragmentation. The data management within the Mine to Mill system<br />
has been designed in such a way that it will provide immediate and continuous<br />
feedback through automated processes that evaluate and relate data from multiple<br />
sources. Drill technology has enabled domain definition and blastability projections.<br />
Automated dig face image capture technology on shovels provides georeferenced<br />
images for fragmentation analysis. This data is imported into a block<br />
model to enable comparison of each parameter that gives the ability to measure<br />
project success and a way forward. To date, an increase in mill throughput beyond<br />
its historic rates has been realized. This trend is expected to continue. With<br />
a mill expansion currently underway, the mine has invested in new technology to<br />
produce a highly optimized product to the mill that will sustain this low grade deposit<br />
into the future.<br />
4:25 PM<br />
An Integrated Model for Oil Sands Long-term Mine Planning,<br />
Tailings and Reclamation Plans<br />
M. Badiozamani Tari and H. Askari; Civil & Environmental Engineering,<br />
school of mining and petroleum engineering, University of<br />
Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada<br />
Tailings is among the most concerning issues in oil sands mining. The current approach<br />
is to develop tailings and reclamation plans separately from mine plan.<br />
The goal of this research is to develop an integrated optimization framework that<br />
links long-term mine planning to tailings and reclamation plans. The optimization<br />
model maximizes net present value and minimizes reclamation material<br />
handling cost. In addition to typical mine planning constraints, the model includes<br />
tailings capacity and quality constraints. Moreover, material requirement<br />
for site reclamation is considered in the proposed model. Clark Hot Water<br />
Extraction method for bitumen extraction is investigated to formulate tailings<br />
volumetric calculations based on a sample process flow sheet from Suncor. A<br />
mixed integer linear programming model is developed to find the optimal mine<br />
production schedule that will honor the tailings and reclamation constraints. The<br />
proposed model is coded in MatlabÆ and run with CPLEX. It is verified by testing<br />
on real-case data sets. Results show that the optimal mine plan meets tailings<br />
capacity and different materials required for site decommissioning in each period<br />
are provided.<br />
SMe research committee:<br />
SMe exhibitors: Focus on Innovation II<br />
2:00PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: Madan M. Singh, Singh Associates LLC.,<br />
Scottsdale, AZ<br />
S. A. Ravishankar, Cytec Industries Inc.,<br />
Stamford, CT<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Exhibiting companies will highlight advances and innovations that are<br />
being introduced to the mining/mineral processing business. During the 2013<br />
<strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> we will feature presentations from those selected.<br />
1. CleanWaveSM IDP – Mobile Water Treatment Solutions for the<br />
Mining Industry<br />
By Charles Landis and RK Brown<br />
Water management problems in the mining industry range from complex water<br />
chemistries, broad variations in flow rates, compressed operational footprints,<br />
and excessive sludge generation. The CleanWave solution fills the need for relatively<br />
rapid treatments (>4000gpm) and targets typical suites of metals, TSS,<br />
TDS and anionic suites (i.e. sulfates).<br />
2. Data Collection and Analysis for Drilling & Blasting<br />
By Don Thompson<br />
DBS is a drill and blast design and management software package that has the<br />
power to integrate all drill and blast design, management analysis and reporting<br />
into one central database. This allows the drill and blast engineer to compare expected<br />
with actual results in order to continuously improve the mining process.<br />
3. New Hydrocyclone Design<br />
By Pam Welty and Mark Davis<br />
GIW's straightforward tie-bolt and clamp design is a breeze to install and maintain.<br />
It has significantly longer wear life and shorter maintenance times than traditional<br />
hydrocyclones.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
93<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
4. Intelligent Proximity Detection System Under Simulated Mine<br />
Conditions<br />
By Jacob Carr<br />
The Intelligent Proximity Detection (iPD) system provides enhanced protection<br />
while minimizing false alarms. The iPD system continuously tracks worker position<br />
and uses a set of pre-defined rules to automatically disable only hazardous<br />
machine motions. Under simulated conditions results show that using the selective<br />
and situational shutdown by the iPD system the operator was able to complete<br />
maneuvers more quickly and with less impact on the operator.<br />
5. Innovative Lighting Where You Need It<br />
By Rebecca Garski<br />
DMK, Inc. introduces a low-profile, highly versatile, and rugged series of LED<br />
work lights. The VL Series offers light output from 700 to 1800 lumens, available<br />
in 12-48 volt versions and can operate in a wide range of temperatures (-40° to<br />
+75°C).<br />
6. Mobile Pilot Plant<br />
By Bernard Aube and Stephan Lonesang<br />
AMEC’s mobile pilot plant was designed to simulate mine water treatment<br />
processes on-site. Treatment can be applied to acid mine drainage, removal of<br />
metals, metalloids, cyanide, suspended solids, total dissolved solids, and sulphates.<br />
This defines the reagent consumption, effluent quality, and sludge characteristics<br />
required for the detailed plant design.<br />
7. The Push to Zero Exposure Levels<br />
By Jeff Moredock<br />
The application of new technology and approaches used to provide near asbestos<br />
free operator enclosures on mining equipment in an Iron Ore Mine in Western<br />
Australia. The presentation has far reaching implications for human lung health<br />
in contaminated environments.<br />
8. Environmental – Water Treatment for Mining Operations<br />
By Cornelius Strain<br />
Continuous backwash upflow sand filters are a convenient end-of-pipe technology<br />
for adsorption of constituents including arsenic, selenium, zinc, cadmium,<br />
chromium, mercury, and many others. Designs can integrate biological remediation<br />
processes for conversion and removal of nitrates. Carbon sources can alleviate<br />
NEMA 7 design in all environments join methanol to achieve the most stringent<br />
effluent nitrate requirements.<br />
9. Rail-Veyor<br />
By Joe Einarson and Patrick Fantin<br />
Rail-Veyor® technology offers a fully automated, electrically powered, cost effective<br />
solution to material handling that can operate at speeds up to 18 mph,<br />
turn on a 100-foot radius and travel on gradients up to 20 percent. It provides<br />
enhanced health & safety features as there is no on-board operator required, no<br />
diesel emissions, low noise and dust emissions and a small environmental<br />
foot-print.<br />
10. Boxhole Boring Machine<br />
By Werner Glatz and Benjamin Künstle<br />
The new Boxhole Boring Machine (BBM) is capable of boring 1.5 m diameter<br />
and 60 m long holes in hard rock. Field tests and the operation in Australia indicate<br />
that the machine is capable of achieving high and consistent production<br />
rates and guarantees high mobility and flexibility. The BBM and the crawler are<br />
fully remote-controlled.<br />
11. Raise Boring Rig<br />
By Werner Glatz and Benjamin Künstle<br />
The Herrenknecht Raise Boring System is distinguished by a compact, modular<br />
design and has a powerful and highly efficient center free drive in all its product<br />
range. Herrenknecht‘s proven variable frequency controlled drive concept allows<br />
for variable speed and torque control. The rigs are designed for shaft lengths of<br />
up to 1,000 m. The mechanized drill pipe handling ensures more efficient operations<br />
as well as greater safety of personnel during installation and removal of<br />
drilling rods.<br />
Valuation II: case histories<br />
2:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
chairs: J. Manes, CMC Inc, Scottsdale, AZ<br />
J. Gustavson, Mineral Appraiser LLC, Boulder, CO<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Appraisal and Apportionment of Unleased Oil & Gas Mineral<br />
Rights in the Williston Basin, N. Dakota<br />
J. Gustavson; Mineral Appraiser LLC, Boulder, CO<br />
Property is located at rim of Williston basin, underlain by Bakken shale. Owner<br />
wanted to gift his minerals under IRS rules. Nearby test wells for Madison and<br />
Spearfish were plugged and abandoned, but did not condemn the acreage. The<br />
paper describes the resources based on geology. The author describes his estimate<br />
of Fair Market Value. The Highest & Best Use is for exploration for oil/gas. Four<br />
approaches were considered: 1) Risk-adjusted DCF was found unreliable, because<br />
of lack of lease and development plans; 2) Lease Bonus approach was<br />
found to be equal to a DCF approach from the landowners standpoint from future<br />
leasing; 3) Sales Comparison was not useful as no sales were found of severed<br />
minerals in a comparable setting, and 4) Cost approach was not applicable,<br />
because no development costs were known to have been expended. Therefore, the<br />
Lease Bonus approach was applied. Leasing patterns were observed and the<br />
FMV was assessed. Finally, the landowner wanted an apportionment of the<br />
FMV into the values of executive rights and non-participating royalty rights. The<br />
author derived a schedule for apportionment based on probability for income for<br />
the two types of property rights.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Income Approach: Lease Bonus and DCF Analog Well Decline<br />
Methods of Royalty and Leasehold Appraisals, Issues and<br />
Comparisons in Several Cases<br />
L. Posgate; LRP Business Appraisal, Driftwood, TX<br />
In discussing methods of appraising royalty and leasehold petroleum interests,<br />
the author emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate comparable lease<br />
bonuses, searching for comparable sales, and finding analog wells, adjusting for<br />
specific property and financial risks. The income approach, comparing the lease<br />
bonus and DCF production decline methods, referencing analog wells applied to<br />
the subject mineral acreage will be reviewed in several cases. The lease bonus<br />
multiple considers discounting repetitive lease renewals and discounting to initial<br />
lease signing. Reasons why valuations indicated by the income approach may<br />
vary from actual transaction values are considered. Valuation credibility for other<br />
reporting purposes will also improve.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
The Tortuous History of National and Global Mineral Valuation<br />
Standards Development – Why Has <strong>SME</strong> Become Involved Now?<br />
T. Ellis; Ellis International Services, Denver, CO<br />
The author reviews the history of challenges, setbacks, conflicts, and advances in<br />
the development of national and global mineral valuation standards, from his<br />
perspective of intimate involvement. He then explains <strong>SME</strong>s recent decision to<br />
participate with other mining institutes in formation of the International Mineral<br />
Valuation Committee (IMVAL) and discusses the direction and goals of this<br />
participation.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Discount Rate Selection Methods Applied in Appraisals of a<br />
Quarry Taken by Eminent Domain<br />
D. Collins and T. Ellis; Ellis International Services, Littleton, CO<br />
In July 2004, the Connecticut Department of Transportation made a complete<br />
taking of the operating Brookfield hard rock quarry property. As a result, many<br />
appraisals were developed, four of which were presented in the resultant compensation<br />
trial. This Case Study reviews the various methods used in determination<br />
of the discount rates applied in the Income Approach and the implications<br />
on the valuations reported.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
94<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Common Pitfalls in Mining Projects Appraisal<br />
J. McIntyre; Behre Dolbear Australia Pty Limited, North Sydney,<br />
NSW, Australia<br />
When appraising mining projects, technical and economic viability depends on<br />
the validity and accuracy of fundamental assumptions used at various development<br />
stages. There is a disturbing tendency for many mining industry practitioners<br />
to allow project enthusiasm to override industry history, personal experience<br />
and knowledge. Many of the assumptions are too optimistic, while others fail to<br />
take account of critical technical issues. Some of these issues could be regarded<br />
as fatal flaws, while others are less obvious and need careful review to identify<br />
and quantify their effect. Common faults in mining project development plans include<br />
failure to apply appropriate dilution and loss factors, failure to recognize<br />
the shortcomings of certain mining, adoption of geostatistical methods that give<br />
unrealistic upgrades, use of inappropriate mining methods and/or equipment,<br />
optimistic forecasts, dismissing risk as a factor, and use of inexperienced technical<br />
and operations personnel. The level of risk and the adoption of appropriate<br />
mitigators may have a material effect on both the technical feasibility and any<br />
subsequent valuation.<br />
barrick north america’s<br />
oPeratorS SeSSIon<br />
4:00 PM • Tuesday, February 26<br />
WedneSday, February 27<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
business Process Improvement<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
MornInG<br />
D. Shaver, Alpha Natural Resources, Abingdon, VA<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Innovation in Mining Process Improvement<br />
A. Schissler; Tetra Tech Inc., Golden, CO<br />
Mining companies worldwide since 1993 have implemented process improvement<br />
methods to improve productivity, safety, and cost control. A specific method that<br />
has achieved success is utilizing a standards program to reduce inefficiences in a<br />
process at a mine. The purpose of this paper is to present selected case histories<br />
from the Summit on Mining Performance database including the 2011 Summit on<br />
how to implement a standards program and the results achieved.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Measuring Blending Variability on Large Scale Coal Mines Using<br />
an Operations Simulator<br />
V. Tenorio and S. Dessureault; Mining and Geological Engineering,<br />
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
Coal operations in large scale mines require a complex production infrastructure<br />
in order to attend the demand of their customers. One key factor is to provide<br />
the right value of BTU for each contractual requirement. This accuracy is affected<br />
by several factors that are difficult to identify. After analyzing the<br />
processes that are involved in the definition of the quality of the coal delivered,<br />
a simulator that reproduces every step of the production process has been developed.<br />
Data from past production cycles can be retrieved from the corporate<br />
Data Warehouse and historical performance can be reproduced. The results can<br />
be used for analyzing history or for creating what-if scenarios to help operators<br />
decide what adjustments are required according to specific key performance indicators<br />
displayed during each simulation. A probability cloud of standard deviations<br />
is generated to help measure the variability of the BTU delivered, providing<br />
a practical methodology for analysis and settings adjustments applicable in<br />
present-time operations.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
A Model Based Human Machine Interface for<br />
Frontline Supervision<br />
R. Rojas and S. Dessureault; Mining and Geological Engineering,<br />
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
MIKe rayburn<br />
Mike Rayburn is a captivating keynote artist with a presentation completely unlike<br />
any you've ever seen! Having been called "the World's Funniest Guitar<br />
Virtuoso," Mike uses his astounding guitar creations, uproarious songs, and veteran<br />
presentation skills to encourage, challenge and inspire his audiences to leap<br />
beyond their perceived limitations. He can focus his program completely on entertainment,<br />
depending on your needs. Mike draws from a wealth of life experience<br />
as an adventurer, business owner, comedian, world-class guitarist, author,<br />
philanthropist, husband, and father, to deliver a presentation which is motivational,<br />
hilarious, and musically amazing!<br />
Just to set foot on the stage at Carnegie Hall is a career moment for any performer.<br />
Mike Rayburn is one of a handful of people in the world to become a regular<br />
headliner at Carnegie Hall and to have recorded a live "Mike Rayburn at<br />
Carnegie Hall" CD . However, Mike performs most often for the world's leading<br />
corporations and associations, doing more than 100 presentations every year.<br />
Some clients have booked Mike as many as 10-12 times! His program is so<br />
unique he has been featured in USA Today, Newsweek, Billboard, Gig,<br />
<strong>Program</strong>ming, American Entertainment, and Successful <strong>Meeting</strong>s magazines.<br />
Mines produce vast amounts of data yet it remains underutilized. Instead, supervisors<br />
obtain their knowledge from observing activities and from the dispatch<br />
area. With the affordability of mobile devices and connectivity, this concept of<br />
supervisor should evolve. A model for reengineering frontline management into a<br />
streamlined and informationrich approach through IT tools combines the use of<br />
a control room, and mobile computing, and information cloud that provides supervisors<br />
with a better understanding and control of the operation. By providing<br />
strategic information, Real-Time (R-T) decisions can be made. Reengineering the<br />
frontline supervision includes R-T monitoring and an analysis infrastructure<br />
using the most appropriate interface while remaining flexible. The process has<br />
four stages: (i) process mapping of data and flows, (ii) identification of supervisor<br />
s critical tasks, (iii) reengineering activities considering technological and cultural<br />
capabilities, (iv) evolving the system with careful considerations. Embracing this<br />
innovative model the supervisors will get knowledge about production, machine<br />
alarms, safety and traffic events in R-T for the decision making.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
95<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
10:05 AM<br />
The Effect of Legislation on the Development of Coal<br />
Mining Industry<br />
K. Oraee-Mirzamani 1 , N. Oraee-Mirzamani 2 and A. Goodarzi 3 ;<br />
1<br />
Management, Stirling University, Stirling, United Kingdom;<br />
2<br />
Imperial College, London, United Kingdom and 3 Center of Research<br />
and Training for Occupational Safety and Health, Tehran, Islamic<br />
Republic of Iran<br />
Proven and probable coal reserves in Iran are estimated to be in excess of 5<br />
Billion tons while the annual coal production is a mere 2 Million tons.<br />
Underdevelopment of the industry has proved higher production levels to be impossible,<br />
despite growing demand for energy supplies. The existence of numerous<br />
legislation are thought to have a prohibitive effect on coal mining activities to the<br />
extent that some business entities have become uneconomical. This paper provides<br />
an analysis of the prevailing mining laws, policies, legal frameworks and<br />
obstacles. It also outlines some other obstacles enshrined in the law and highlights<br />
areas where foreign direct investment should be encouraged. The costs of<br />
lost opportunities are estimated subsequently for a thorough analysis. The paper<br />
concludes by demonstrating that deregulation, amendments and in some cases<br />
complete abolishment of the incumbent legislations governing the coal mining<br />
industry will greatly enhance development of the industry. The analysis provided<br />
in this paper together with the results obtained, can prove to be useful tools for the<br />
macro-economic policy makers, both at local and national levels.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Lessons From the Marcellus: What Stakeholders Can Teach Us<br />
About Continuous Improvement<br />
J. Render; Environmental Resources Management Inc.,<br />
Washington, DC<br />
This presentation will discuss stakeholder feedback gathered in a Marcellus<br />
“boomtown” area that demonstrates that when people are in the thick of extractive<br />
operations, the most critical concerns are not the hot button issues in the<br />
press (like stray gas) but the trucks parked in their driveways and fields. The author<br />
spent six weeks in the field talking with stakeholders in central Pennsylvania,<br />
taking away lessons that have more to do with daily operational management<br />
than high tech debates about fracking. These lessons – topics that are mostly<br />
likely to be the ones under direct management control – are mirrored in various<br />
academic papers, but seem to receive little attention from senior management.<br />
The key question is “why?”<br />
10:45 AM<br />
The Use of Sensor Derived Data in Real Time Mine Optimization:<br />
A <strong>Preliminary</strong> Overview and Assessment of Techno-economic<br />
Significance<br />
M. Buxton and J. Benndorf; Resource Engineering, TU Delft, Delft,<br />
Netherlands<br />
Sensor derived data can add value across the mining operating chain ranging<br />
from resource definition, extraction, pre concentration, mineral process monitoring<br />
and assessment of product quality. Most documented studies on the use of<br />
sensors in mining focus on specific technologies for specific applications. These<br />
studies do not take into account different aims, objectives and operating conditions<br />
at different steps in the value chain. The first part of this contribution assesses<br />
key physical performance and discriminatory requirements of sensors applied<br />
in each portion of the mining value chain. The second part proposes a<br />
framework of methods for quantifying the value added by additional sensor information.<br />
Integrating the sensor based technology and the economic value<br />
quantification allows for both, designing an economically optimal sensor monitoring<br />
network along the whole mining value chain and optimizing process efficiencies.<br />
A case study demonstrates the significant economic benefit, in particular<br />
in reduction of exploration expenditures, increase in extraction efficiencies,<br />
increase in ore product quality and improvement of processing efficiencies.<br />
11:05 AM<br />
Mining Intelligence Tools – How to Consolidate Information and<br />
Drive Business Decisions<br />
F. Mielli; Schneider Electric, Alpharetta, GA<br />
Operations managers are under constant pressure to optimize plant production<br />
processes. To manage this, they need to maximize plant effectiveness and reliability.<br />
This requires a steady stream of detailed information: mine, production and<br />
energy consumption figures need to be captured, impacts quantified and root<br />
causes identified. Access to intelligent process data for analysis is essential. Many<br />
mining and processing facilities are investing in dedicated mining intelligence<br />
tools allowing them to view operational performance information in a rich, consolidated<br />
format. The objective of this paper is to show the mining industry challenges<br />
to gather and understand information and how mining intelligence software<br />
tools can help mining operations use this information to drive business and<br />
operational decisions.<br />
coal & energy:<br />
dust control<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: J. Rider, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
J. Colinet, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Feasibility Study to Use Calcite in Mitigating Black Lung Problems<br />
in High BAI-Containing Coal Fields<br />
X. Huang 2 and Y. Luo 1 ; 1 Mining Engineering, West Virginia<br />
University, Morgantown, WV and 2 Department of Environmental<br />
Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY<br />
After steadily decreasing incidence of coalworker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP) for<br />
more than 30 years, the trend has reversed since 2000 despite of the advancement<br />
in dust control technologies. The increase is much higher in the KY, VA, WV and<br />
PA coal regions. This regional increase in CWP necessitates a novel targeted dust<br />
control strategy. The senior authors research found that the higher prevalence of<br />
CWP in the east coal regions correlates well with the higher bio-available iron<br />
(BAI) contents in the coals in these regions. It also showed that calcite, neutralizing<br />
BAI, can greatly reduce the toxicity of the coal dust. Two practical methods<br />
are proposed for transferring the medical research findings into novel CWP control<br />
technologies. The methods will introduce calcite to respirable coal dust<br />
through the water spay system on coal cutting machines and to the coal seams in<br />
degasification process. This paper presents the key findings from the medical research<br />
on BAIs toxicity and calcites neutralization effects on BAI. Feasibility and<br />
applicability are discussed on the operational, economical, mechanical, safety,<br />
and environmental issues associated with the proposed technologies.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Evaluations of a Bit Sleeve and Twisted Bit Design for Controlling<br />
Roof Bolter Dust<br />
T. Beck; Dust Control, Ventilation, and Toxic Substances Branch,<br />
NIOSH - Office of Mine Safety and Health Research, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
Drilling into coal mine roof strata to install roof bolts has the potential to release<br />
substantial quantities of respirable dust. Due to the proximity of drill holes to the<br />
breathing zone of roof bolting personnel, dusts escaping the holes and avoiding<br />
capture by the dust collection system pose a potential respiratory health risk.<br />
Controls are available to complement the typical vacuum collection system and<br />
minimize harmful exposures during the initial phase of drilling. This paper examines<br />
the use of a bit sleeve to improve dust extraction during the critical initial<br />
phase of drilling. A twisted-body drill bit is also evaluated to determine the quantity<br />
of dust liberated by different bit designs. Based on these laboratory tests, the<br />
bit sleeve may reduce dust emissions by fifty percent during the initial phase of<br />
drilling before the drill bit is fully enclosed by the drill hole. Because collaring is<br />
responsible for the largest dust liberations, overall dust emissions are also substantially<br />
reduced. The use of a twisted-body bit has minimal improvement on<br />
dust capture compared to the commonly used dust hog-style bit.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Key Components for an Effective Filtration and Pressurization<br />
System to Reduce Respirable Dust in Enclosed Cabs for the<br />
Mining Industry<br />
A. Cecala, J. Organiscak, J. Noll and J. Rider; Dust Control,<br />
Ventilation, and Toxic Substances Branch, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
Enclosed cabs have been used for many years to isolate workers on mobile equipment<br />
in the mining industry for health and safety reasons. These enclosed cabs<br />
create a microenvironment for the worker where they can be either more protected<br />
or more vulnerable to contaminants. Over the past decade,NIOSH has performed<br />
substantial research efforts to improve the air quality inside enclosed<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
96<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
cabs. Various field studies over this time have shown an array of results ranging<br />
from very minor to very significant reductions to respirable dust levels inside<br />
these enclosed cabs. In addition and concurrent to the field work, NIOSH also<br />
performed a comprehensive laboratory study to evaluate all the factors involved<br />
in cab filtration and pressurization systems and identified those factors that were<br />
most significant for an effective system. From this comprehensive research effort,<br />
the key components for an effective filtration and pressurization system have<br />
been identified in an effort to provide the best air quality, and thus minimizing the<br />
respirable dust exposure, to equipment operators inside of enclosed cabs of mobile<br />
mining equipment.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Helmet-CAM: A Tool for Assessing Miners’ Exposure to<br />
Respirable Dust in the Metal/Nonmetal Mining Industry<br />
A. Cecala 1 , W. Reed 1 , G. Joy 1 , A. O’Brien 2 and S. Westmoreland 3 ;<br />
1<br />
Dust Control, Ventilation, and Toxic Substances Branch, NIOSH,<br />
Pittsburgh, PA; 2 Unimin Corporation, Winchester, VA and 3 Unimin<br />
Corporation, Gore, VA<br />
The Helmet-CAM is a recently developed assessment tool that integrates a video<br />
display of the tasks performed by a miner throughout the workday with data<br />
from the workers respirable dust exposure to identify areas or job tasks of high<br />
exposure. After a miner wears the the Helmet-CAM, the video and dust data are<br />
downloaded to a computer and then merged together through a NIOSH-developed<br />
computer software program called EVADE. By providing synchronized<br />
playback of the merged video footage and dust data, the software allows for the<br />
identification of key work areas and processes, as well as work tasks that significantly<br />
impact a workers personal respirable dust exposure. Once areas and tasks<br />
of elevated respirable dust exposure are determined, control technologies can be<br />
developed and the Helmet-CAM can then be used again to assess the effectiveness<br />
of dust control techniques in lowering the miners respirable dust exposure.<br />
The Helmet-CAM technology has been tested at a number of metal/nonmetal<br />
mining operations and has proven to be a very valuable assessment tool.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Effect of Surfactants on Dust Control in Mining<br />
J. Swanson; Institute of Mining, Clausthal University of Technology,<br />
Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany<br />
The use of water is one of the most widespread methods of dust control in mining.<br />
Surfactants, which lower the surface tension and the interfacial tensions, can<br />
be added to the water used in spray systems for the capture of airborne dust or<br />
the wetting of extraction and conveying areas. The effect of these surfactants on<br />
dust control was measured in a wind tunnel, in which differing dust samples<br />
were introduced and the capture efficiency of the water sprays was determined.<br />
The wetting of surfaces, such as roadways, was also simulated and the effect on<br />
stirring up dust was evaluated. The data indicates that dust control can be improved<br />
through the use of surfactants with variations related to the dust and<br />
spray characteristics.<br />
coal & energy:<br />
Surface Mining I<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: V. Kecojevic, West Virginia University,<br />
Morgantown, WV<br />
D. Bogunovic, North American Coal, Bailey, MS<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
The Next Step Change in the Size of Mining Projects<br />
D. Morrison; Mining and Metals, SKM, Brisbane, QLD, Australia<br />
Today moving a million tonnes per week is a big mining operation. Planning for<br />
moving a million tonnes a day is being mentioned in relation to some new and<br />
proposed projects that are nearing approval, and there are plans for moving four<br />
times that volume which have come up in the planning process for near future<br />
projects. Pit room for manoeuvring equipment starts to become a huge issue<br />
when the numbers in the truck fleet pass 100, but when the material movements<br />
require putting ten times that number into the pit, then the mine operator faces an<br />
unimaginable problem. The use of conveying systems is an obvious suggestion,<br />
but there are many issues to consider in contemplating a conveying system that is<br />
going to be expected to move up to 200,000 tonnes per hour from the pit. A tenth<br />
of that volume constitutes a very large conveying installation. Space, cost and<br />
complexity are all an order of magnitude greater again than what the mine operator<br />
expects from their prior experience of conveyor systems. This paper seeks to<br />
examine the magnitude of the challenge facing mining operators who might be<br />
considering infrastructure of this size.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Impact of Surface Coal Mining on Soil Hydraulic Properties<br />
X. Liu 1 , J. Wu 1 , P. Conrad 2 , W. Elliot 3 , S. Dun 1 , H. Rhee 1 ,<br />
R. McNearny 4 and P. Clark 5 ; 1 Biosystems Engineering, Washington<br />
State University, Pullman, WA; 2 Mining Engineering, Montana Tech,<br />
Butte, MT; 3 USDA Rocky Mountain Research Station, Moscow, ID;<br />
4<br />
Retired, Butte, MT and 5 Office of Surface Mining, Denver, CO<br />
Soil erosion is strongly related to soil hydraulic properties. Understanding how<br />
surface coal mining impacts those properties is important in developing effective<br />
management practices to control erosion during reclamation. Soils from undisturbed<br />
areas, roughly graded mine spoil, replaced topsoil before seeding, and<br />
revegetated areas at the Rosebud Mine in Eastern Montana were evaluated to determine<br />
impacts on soil hydraulic properties. Field and laboratory studies were<br />
conducted to determine soil hydraulic properties, including particle size distribution,<br />
organic matter content, and saturated hydraulic conductivity. WEPP simulations<br />
and risk analyses were performed on the hydraulic property data to determine<br />
the impacts of changes on soil erosion. The hydraulic properties of the soils<br />
in each representative area have significant differences due to the mining and<br />
reclamation practices at the mine. WEPP simulations show that the potential for<br />
soil erosion increases due to mining activities disturbing the soil. WEPP simulations<br />
also indicate that the potential for erosion may return to pre-mining levels<br />
over time with effective revegetation practices.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Haulage Fleet Definition Tool<br />
J. Wientjes; Komatsu America Corp., Peoria, IL<br />
Inherently, haulage fleets are subjected to a vast amount of operating variables,<br />
many of which are highly unpredictable and hard to quantify. Thus, the mining<br />
industry experiences, at times, great difficulty in trying to define a proper fleet<br />
configuration and then project meaningful performance estimates. To aid with<br />
this fleet definition complexity, the Komatsu Mining Division has developed a<br />
software tool that addresses haulage fleet definition and the variables common to<br />
haulage systems. This tool avoids defining finite performance figures, as typically<br />
done in like software programs, but instead illustrates performance values for<br />
variable haulage applications and fleet configurations. The user has the ability to<br />
evaluate multiple haulage scenarios without having to conduct and comprehend<br />
a series of individual analyses. This presentation will introduce this mining system<br />
tool and its major design principles. An overview of these principles will give<br />
the attendee an understanding of the key functions and capabilities of the program.<br />
Evaluation examples will be presented to further insure understanding of<br />
how this tool can be applied for a haulage application analysis.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Update on Deployment of Gamma Radiation Controls For Surface<br />
Coal Mining<br />
L. Frederick 1 , P. Mongeon 2 and D. Bogunovic 3 ; 1 Geosteering Mining<br />
Services, LLC, Huntsville, AL; 2 North American Coal-Red Hills<br />
Mine, Ackerman, MS and 3 North American Coal-Liberty Mine,<br />
Ackerman, MS<br />
Gamma radiation within mining Strata is used to control cutting to extract the<br />
coal while minimizing dilution from outside the seam being mined. Earlier experimentation<br />
has led to routine operation using this methodology on a surface<br />
miner. Cutting strategy and improvements in coal recovery is summarized along<br />
with plans for future enhancements strategic removal of material directly above<br />
the coal vein. Application of this technology for other types of mining such as<br />
boring machines in potash mines, highwall miners, room and pillar continuous<br />
miners, and longwall miners will be reviewed.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
97<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Environmental Impact of Loading Equipment in Surface<br />
Coal Mining<br />
A. Lashgari and V. Kecojevic; Mining Engineering, West Virginia<br />
University, Morgantown, WV<br />
This paper presents a research results on assessment of environmental impact of<br />
loading equipment in surface coal mining. Environmental impact is accessed<br />
through the equipment exhaust emissions, dust generation and noise level.<br />
Loading equipment include hydraulic front shovel, hydraulic backhoe shovel and<br />
wheel loader. Exhaust emissions are related to carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon<br />
monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and volatile organic<br />
compounds (VOCs). Dust generation is expressed through the particulate matter<br />
(PM10) and total suspended particulate matter (TSP), while noise level is presented<br />
through the acoustic power level. This research is a part of a broader project<br />
on development of software system for the selection of productive, cost-effective<br />
and eco-friendly mining systems, which is sponsored by the Appalachian<br />
Research Initiatives for Environmental Sciences (ARIES).<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
the best of Ground control<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
S. Tadolini, Minova, Georgetown, KY<br />
9:05 AM<br />
A Stability Factor for Supported Mine Entries Based on Numerical<br />
Model Analysis<br />
E. Esterhuizen; NIOSH, Office of Mine Safety and Health,<br />
Pittsburgh, PA<br />
At present, support design methods include empirical methods based on observations<br />
of past performance of installed support systems, analytical methods where<br />
the roof is typically simulated by elastic beams and numerical model analysis.<br />
The approach estimates the relative stability of a support design through geotechnical<br />
evaluation of the rock mass and numerical model analysis of the interaction<br />
between the rock mass and the support system. Models are used first to simulate<br />
the design performance at the expected rock conditions. The rock strength is then<br />
reduced until collapse is indicated in the model. The stability factor is then calculated<br />
as the ratio of the expected rock mass strength to the rock mass strength at<br />
the onset of collapse, and is similar to the well-known factor of safety used in engineering<br />
practice. The stability factor can be used to assist in developing a final<br />
support design by comparing the effectiveness of various support systems and the<br />
stability of excavations under various geological and loading conditions.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Ultra-Close Multiple Seam Mining Analysis and Verification<br />
D. Su, L. Stull, M. Jamie and J. Lu; CONSOL Energy Inc.,<br />
Canonsburgh, PA<br />
This presentation presents the results of a detailed geotechnical study on the potential<br />
multiple seam interaction between the No. 2 Gas (upper) and the<br />
Powellton seams, which are separated by an average interburden of 45 ft. To evaluate<br />
the potential interaction between the two mine works and to determine the<br />
pillar safety factor, Analysis of Multiple Seam Stability (AMSS) software was initially<br />
used to determine pillar dimensions to obtain a minimum safety factor of<br />
2.0 for areas under pooled water, as well as a minimum safety factor of 1.5 for<br />
areas not under pooled water. Furthermore, to assess the quality of the interburden<br />
rock strata, two surface core holes were drilled, and rock cores were tested in<br />
the laboratory for their strength and elastic moduli. Using the experimentally determined<br />
strengths and moduli as part of the input parameters, the RocScience<br />
Phase2 finite element program was employed to model the stress field scenarios<br />
and estimate the safety factors of the interburden rock strata before and after<br />
Powellton seam mining.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Applications of Microseismic Monitoring in China’s Underground<br />
Coal Mines<br />
Z. Hosseini 1 , X. Wu 1 , C. Li 2 and C. Trifu 1 ; 1 ESG Solutions, Kingston,<br />
ON, Canada and 2 University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, China<br />
Longwall and continuous mining are prevalent methods employed by Chinese<br />
underground coal operations. The main ground control challenges include roof<br />
skin deformation, roof collapse, and outbursts of coal, gas, and water.<br />
Microseismic monitoring provides valuable information on rockmass behavior<br />
and fracture propagation caused by stress redistribution, active geological structures,<br />
or gas build up within the coal strata and the surrounding rockmass.<br />
Collecting and assessing seismic data has proven to be an instructive tool for engineers<br />
to better assess ground conditions and mitigate seismic hazards associated<br />
with mining. The development of intrinsically safe and explosion proof certified<br />
seismic monitoring equipment has revolutionized Chinas underground<br />
coal mines. The use of this technology allows for the optimization of gas<br />
drainage at an increased rate of two at a 50% higher purity without any increase<br />
in drilling costs. Microseismic monitoring can also be used in identifying seismically<br />
active faults and shear zones. This information can be used to assess and revise<br />
mining strategies to improve safety and ground stability.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Requirements and Performance of Pumpable Cribs in Longwall<br />
Tailgate Entries and Bleeders<br />
P. Zhang, M. Milam, M. Mishra, W. Hudak and R. Kimutis; Alpha<br />
Natural Resources, Waynesburg, PA<br />
Pumpable cribs are being increasingly used in longwall tailgate entries and bleeders<br />
for roof support under abutment pressure. Their high peak capacity and confinement-controlled<br />
yield characteristics from reinforced-bags make them relatively<br />
safe and reliable standing supports for highly productive longwall panels.<br />
The pumpability of crib material over a long distance from the surface greatly reduces<br />
material handling and makes the underground installation more efficient<br />
and flexible. However, the performance of pumpable cribs is dependent upon crib<br />
properties, crib pattern, quality of installation, and geological and mining conditions.<br />
For proper crib selection and safe support design, it is critical to understand<br />
the basic technical requirements and performance of pumpable cribs in longwall<br />
tailgate entries and bleeders. Based on more than 10 years of experience using<br />
pumpable cribs for longwall standing support, the requirements and performance<br />
of pumpable cribs in longwall tailgate entries and bleeders under different mining<br />
conditions are presented.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Passive Seismic Imaging for Determination of the Longwall Rear<br />
Abutment Location<br />
E. Westman 1 , J. Kerr 2 , K. Luxbacher 1 and S. Schafrik 1 ;<br />
1<br />
Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA and 2 Cliff Natural<br />
Resources, Cleveland, OH<br />
Few studies have been conducted regarding the location, movement, and relative<br />
magnitude of the rear abutment of a longwall coal mine. The rear abutment, or<br />
the abutment pressure arch in the gob area, is controlled primarily by the quality<br />
of pack of the gob; the more compacted the gob is, the larger the stress would be<br />
theoretically. While there is no definitive location for the rear abutment, early<br />
studies showed that it could be located as far back in the gob as 300 m (1,000 ft).<br />
Like the location of the rear abutment, there has been little research conducted<br />
and very few answers as to the exact magnitude of the rear abutment load. The<br />
objective of this study is to determine whether passive seismic tomography could<br />
image the location, movement, and relative magnitude of the rear abutment as<br />
the longwall face retreated, in addition to the forward abutment and gob.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Impact of a Massive Sandstone Channel on a 1500 ft. Wide<br />
Longwall Face<br />
D. Su, G. Hasenfus, L. Stull, J. Lu, S. Morgan, P. Kelley and D.<br />
Teeter; CONSOL Energy Inc, Canonsburg, PA<br />
This presentation presents the implementation and evaluation of the hydraulic<br />
fracturing technique and Longwall Visual Analysis (LVA) software to mitigate<br />
the impact of a 1,000-foot (305-meter) wide massive sandstone channel on a<br />
1,500-ft-wide (457-m-wide) longwall face. Based on a underground roof geology<br />
reconnaissance program, four frac holes were drilled and fraced along the center<br />
axis of the sandstone channel. To further provide detailed monitoring of the<br />
longwall face, the Longwall Visual Analysis (LVA) software was installed to track<br />
the face pressure and cavity formation index. In mid-December 2011, the long-<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
98<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
wall face approached and entered into the western edge of the sandstone channel.<br />
The longwall face mined through the center axis of the sandstone channel in mid-<br />
January 2012 and advanced outby the eastern edge of the sandstone channel in<br />
early February 2012. Results from daily underground observations and production<br />
delay analysis confirmed the effectiveness of the hydraulic fracturing program<br />
and the validity of the LVA Software.<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
environmental:<br />
Mine Water treatment II<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
M. Mierzejewski, CH2MHill, Richmond, VA<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Antiscalants for Gold Processing Applications<br />
W. Dickinson; R&D, Kemira Chemical, Atlanta, GA<br />
Mineral scale adversely affects the performance of activated carbon circuits used<br />
in gold extraction. The performance of ten antiscalants spanning a range of<br />
chemistries was evaluated for control of calcium carbonate scale in simulated carbon<br />
circuit process water. Three preferred chemistries were identified which provided<br />
greater than 75 percent CaCO3 inhibition under static test conditions. The<br />
three products were further tested using a model carbon extraction circuit developed<br />
for this application. The test circuit enabled direct measurement of calcium<br />
carbonate formed on the carbon from a supersaturated solution under dynamic<br />
conditions. The antiscalants improved calcium transport through the circuit by as<br />
much as 60% while reducing CaCO3 buildup on the columns by 30 40 percent.<br />
On-site testing at a gold processing facility where severe CaCO3 scale was restricting<br />
flow and plugging pipelines demonstrated that the preferred product was<br />
able to reduce CaCO3 formation in thickener overflow water by greater than<br />
70%. Impact of the antiscalants on the rate and extent of gold loading onto carbon<br />
absorbent was also established.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
High Recovery Sulfate Removal Process for Chemically Efficient<br />
Removal of Sulfate From Acid Mine Drainage<br />
S. Karrs and J. Ceklosky; Siemens, Warrendale, PA<br />
Siemens Industry, Inc., a Water Technologies Business Unit, has developed a<br />
High Recovery Sulfate Removal (HRSR) process aimed at the removal of high<br />
levels of sulfate from lime neutralized Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) with minimal<br />
chemical costs. The HRSR process involves treating an influent stream containing<br />
calcium sulfate concentrations at 0.7 to 2 times saturation. This stream is then<br />
conditioned with an antiscalant prior to a Reverse Osmosis (RO) system producing<br />
a purified permeate stream and a reject stream containing the rejected ions at<br />
2 to 7 times saturation and organic matter. The reject stream is further treated to<br />
remove dissolved and suspended species through a desaturation/clarification<br />
process. The preferred desaturation process occurs via a Constant Stirred Tank<br />
Reactor (CSTR) wherein a coprecipitation/antiscalant poisoning/seeding agent<br />
is added followed by clarification. The clarifier overflow is recycled back to the influent<br />
stream whereas the clarifier underflow is disposed of in a manner consistent<br />
with applicable regulations. Additional details of Siemens piloting experience<br />
will be presented in this document.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Important Characteristics of Membranes for Reliable Performance<br />
in Mine Wastewater Treatment Systems<br />
T. Lilley; Pall Corporation, Portsmouth, United Kingdom<br />
The use of membranes in wastewater systems has increased rapidly in recent<br />
years. Microporous or semipermeable barriers augment conventional chemical or<br />
microbial processes to meet stringent treatment targets. These developments enable<br />
elegant solutions to waste discharge challenges and extend the scope of<br />
water recycle redressing the overall water balance and operational economics<br />
Wastewater treatment processes are discussed by reference to the spectrum of waterborne<br />
contaminants and the respective membrane separation capabilities. The<br />
role chemical pretreatment to enable physical separation of metals with microfiltartion<br />
(MF) is described and how integration of MF with diffusional reverse osmosis<br />
(RO) is used to control a broader range of dissolved contaminants<br />
Membrane configuartions are considered apropos function, operational economics<br />
and sustainability. These features are exemplified with case studies. Firstly,<br />
MF alone following chemical precipitation for the removal of heavy metals, then<br />
MF onto two stages RO of different configurations for TDS reduction and waste<br />
volume minimisation and finally an open channel RO alone for the reduction of<br />
inorganic COD.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
ARD Remediation with Slag: An Application to Berkeley<br />
Pitlake Water<br />
C. Young; Met & Mat Eng, MT Tech, Butte, MT<br />
Treating waste water, particularly acid rock drainage (ARD) from both active and<br />
inactive mines, is critical worldwide for many reasons but usually for environmental<br />
purposes. Being part of a superfund site, the Berkeley Pitlake (BPL) in Butte<br />
MT may be the most famous ARD site in the world. Currently, its treatment consists<br />
of a two-stage lime precipitation. Research has shown that another waste<br />
product can be substituted for lime either wholly or in part. Three slags from<br />
closed MT smelters were investigated: Rhone Poulenc from Ramsay; ARCO slag<br />
from Anaconda; and ASARCO slag from East Helena. Each slag differed in iron,<br />
silica and calcium content and therefore reacted differently to remediate BPL<br />
water. Results were analyzed and modeled using StatEase statistical software and<br />
are presented in regards to pH and metal concentration as a function of amount<br />
added and particle size. Results indicate that slags can be used to either supplement<br />
or replace lime, depending on the application. Conceivably, the process<br />
could also be done in-situ. Aside from remediating ARD, an added socio-benefit,<br />
often referred to as dual ecosystem enhancement, is the removal of the slag piles.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Progress in Passive Biological Treatment of Selenium in Mine and<br />
Industrial Wastewaters<br />
J. Bays; CH2MHILL, Tampa, FL<br />
Industries are challenged to meet increasingly stringent regulations for selenium<br />
and metals. Cost-effective treatment is required. Biological treatment of selenium<br />
uses passive biochemical reactor cells comprised of mixed organic media<br />
such as wood chips, sawdust, hay, composted manure, peat and other components<br />
that create a microenvironment supportive of anaerobic biological reduction.<br />
Biochemical reactors can be combined with constructed wetlands for effluent<br />
polishing and flow equalization. Passive treatment reduces capital cost and<br />
operational effort compared to more expensive and complex conventional treatment.<br />
The coal mining industry of southern Appalachia offers pertinent examples.<br />
One coal company implemented passive treatment at four discharge outlets<br />
(flows = 60-1,500 gpm; Se = 8-25 ug/L) using biochemical reactors integrated<br />
into treatment wetlands ranging from 0.4 to 1.8 acres in area. Other companies<br />
and agencies have conducted pilot studies and are implementing similar bioreactor<br />
wetland systems. These and other case histories of passive selenium treatment<br />
will be summarized and conceptual configurations and applicable constraints<br />
will be described.<br />
environmental:<br />
resource recovery<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: L. Figueroa, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
P. Hoeferlin, Veolia Water, Vandalia, OH<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Water Impact Index – Water Reuse<br />
P. Hoeferlin 1 and C. Dupont 2 ; 1 Veolia Water, Paris, France and<br />
2<br />
Veolia Water, Vandalia, OH<br />
Veolia Water recently unveiled the Water Impact Index, the first indicator enabling<br />
a comprehensive assessment of the impact of human activity on water resources.<br />
It is a tool that can help cities and companies plan long-term projects<br />
and better understand sustainable approaches to ensure long-term water supplies<br />
and healthy water ecosystems. In states as far flung as Georgia and Nevada, communities<br />
are experiencing service inconveniences or stating serious concerns over<br />
their long-term water supplies. Other states have halted industrial projects or<br />
commercial developments as water resources are strained. Business and governance<br />
as usual will not suffice as competing demands for water escalate. Cities,<br />
industries and citizens need data, smart-planning tools, better approaches and<br />
more cost-effective best practices to ensure a successful, sustainable future that<br />
takes into account our new realities.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.<br />
99
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Recovery of Zinc from Mining Influenced Water for<br />
Fertilizer Applications<br />
L. Figueroa and K. Whysner; Civil and Environmental Engineering,<br />
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
The metals contained in MIW represent potential resources that usually end up<br />
in uneconomically retrievable forms. The key to cost effective recovery of metals<br />
is that the processes used to treat the MIW must create metal forms amenable to<br />
beneficial use. Industrial and by-product materials are currently used in the manufacture<br />
of zinc fertilizers. The manufacture of zinc micronutrient fertilizers<br />
from MIW has potential but more information is needed on the feedstock forms<br />
needed for the wide variety of zinc fertilizers used in agriculture. This presentation<br />
will cover chemical forms amenable to economical beneficial use, the analysis<br />
of MIW treatment systems for zinc recovery potential, and requirements for<br />
the production of feedstock for zinc fertilizers.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
The Economics of Zinc Recovery from Mining Influenced Water<br />
L. Figueroa; Civil & Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of<br />
Mines, Golden, CO<br />
Zinc is a worldwide commodity. Zinc may also be present in mining influenced<br />
water. The most common method of removing zinc from mining influenced<br />
water is with hydroxide precipitation and the sludge is typically sent to a landfill.<br />
The hydroxide form limits the potential to recover and utilize the metals from the<br />
treatment sludge. Selective precipitation of zinc in a sulfide precipitation scheme<br />
can produce a solid form amenable to zinc recovery. Two contrasting MIW treatment<br />
systems are analyzed as benchmarks for zinc recovery potential, one used<br />
sulfide and the other used hydroxide precipitation.<br />
Industrial Minerals & aggregates:<br />
Industrial Minerals: Innovations in<br />
Industrial Minerals Processing<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: R. Raitani, Cytec Industries Inc., Stamford, CT<br />
V. Gupta, FLSmidth, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Contaminant Removal from Mine Effluents: Understanding the<br />
Aqueous Chemistry is Key<br />
L. Moore 1 , M. Costa 2 , J. Langsch 2 , L. Sanders 1 , J. Durand 1 , T. Banks 1<br />
and F. Kero 1 ; 1 Minerals and Metals, Kemira, Atlanta, GA and<br />
2<br />
Minerals and Metals, Kemira, Barueri, Brazil<br />
The World Health Organization (WHO) considers oxyanionic contamination of<br />
aqueous systems as a global concern. Examples of such oxyanions are those<br />
formed from selenium, arsenic, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfate, and more. While<br />
the elemental forms are toxic, the aqueous oxyanions are more so. These aqueous<br />
forms, which exist at a higher oxidation state, are the most common forms released<br />
during mining processes. Commercially available technologies are capable<br />
of meeting the governmental discharge criteria for many oxyanionic contaminants;<br />
however, performance limitations are encountered for certain species like<br />
arsenic and selenium due to redox chemistry as well as the water matrices. An innovative<br />
technology was developed that can successfully remove such aqueous<br />
forms generated during mining processes to a level below the discharge criteria<br />
set by regulatory authorities. This paper discusses the performance sensitivities of<br />
this novel adsorbent towards variations in water matrices and redox chemistry localized<br />
to mining sites.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Triboelectric Separator for Beneficiation of Fine Minerals<br />
J. Bittner, S. Gasiorowski and F. Hrach; Separation Technologies,<br />
LLC, Needham, MA<br />
Separation Technologies, LLC (ST) has developed a processing system based on<br />
triboelectric charging and electrostatic separation that provides the mineral processing<br />
industry a means to beneficiate fine materials with an entirely dry technology.<br />
In contrast to the other available electrostatic separation processes that<br />
are typically limited to particles greater than 75 µm in size, the ST belt separator<br />
is ideally suited for separation of very fine (
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Silica sand is processed by crushing, grinding, screening, classification, attrition<br />
scrubbing, and in some cases magnetic separation. Typical product yields would<br />
be 60-75-80% or more. Cooperative approach between Universities and industry<br />
could go a long way in benchmarking the scale of operation and therefore the<br />
mining and processing technology. In this context, current processing of industrial<br />
minerals in India will be discussed, and alternative technologies for processing<br />
will be presented.<br />
11:05 AM<br />
Fluorspar (CaF2) Beneficiation Plant Design: A Basic Approach<br />
S. Kumar and S. Bhattacharya; Fuel & Mineral Engineering,<br />
Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India<br />
Fluorspar is widely used in aluminium, iron and steel industries and to manufacture<br />
hydrofluoric acid. World reserves of fluorspar are estimated at 230Mt of<br />
which 16Mt (16% to 30% CaF2) is in India. The plant under discussion produces<br />
acid grade (CaF2 > 97%) and metallurgical grade (CaF2: 60 - 85%) concentrates.<br />
The process consists of crushing by jaw crusher and HPGR, wet screening of<br />
HPGR product, flash flotation of wet screen underflow, closed circuit grinding of<br />
wet screen overflow, two stage flotation followed by magnetic separation for acid<br />
grade concentrate, separate dewatering circuits for both grades of concentrate<br />
and tailing disposal. The design approach would be useful for other upcoming<br />
fluorspar beneficiation plants.<br />
Industrial Minerals & aggregates:<br />
Sustainability in Industrial Minerals &<br />
aggregates<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: F. Heivilin, HGPS, LLC, Thomasville, GA<br />
B. Li, Michigan Technological University,<br />
Houghton, MI<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Rare Earths Not Rare Anymore<br />
F. Heivilin; Exploration, HGPS LLC, Thomasville,, GA<br />
As of July 6, 2012 Technical Metal Resourches (TMR) was trackingr 440 rareearth<br />
deposits being developed by 265 companies in 37 countries. This is rising<br />
rapidly and will change upward monthly. Only a few of these can go into production.<br />
China is still in the drivers seat in Light Rare Earth (LREO) Production with<br />
35 million tons in reserves. the problems is not if rare earths will be availible. The<br />
question is which deposits can product rare-eqarths safely, at lowest cost, and in<br />
balance with usage. China, Lynas at Mount Weld, Molycorp at Mounatian Pass,<br />
and Rare Earth Resources at Bear Mountain are in production or ready to move<br />
into production, but even they can be hurt by other deposits with lower costs.<br />
Eliminating the perception of health and safety problems as experienced in<br />
China, the U. S. and Malaysia will be the key to future successes.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Industrial Mineral Sustainability Opportunities<br />
F. Heivilin; HGPS, LLC, Thomasville, GA<br />
Three billion people are going to move into citiesby 2050. The problem is not if<br />
the material is availible, but how we are going to permit it and permit it and produce<br />
it in a sustainable manner. In other words, produce it with the lowest possible<br />
carbon footprint, help the economics of the community before, during and<br />
after mining, conserve and enhance the supply of clean water, and recycle as<br />
much material as possible. Permiting is the #1 challenge. The closer to the point<br />
of use, the lower the transportation cost for aggregate, sand, and gravel. The quality<br />
of reclamation, noise and dust control, selling the pre-mining and post mining<br />
use are important to getting permitting for all minerals. Being ableto enhance the<br />
water supply and reduce the carbon footprint before, during, and after mining will<br />
help sell the permit. The economic and environmental aspects of pre and post<br />
mining are important. new technology is also important.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Beneficiation of Low-grade Limonite Ore by HIMS-Cationic<br />
Reverse Flotation and Magnetic Roasting-LIMS Techniques<br />
X. Liu, W. Chen, L. Luo and W. Liu; Department of Mineral<br />
Resources Exploitation Engineering and Technology, Changsha<br />
Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Changsha, China<br />
Limonite is a general term for a group of amorphous iron oxide and iron hydroxide<br />
materials. It is considered as one of the very refractory iron ore types due to<br />
its wide variation in chemical composition, iron content, moisture content and<br />
easily sliming in the course of comminution. Iron grade of tested sample is<br />
25.48%, the iron minerals are mainly limonite, and the gangue minerals consist<br />
of quartz and feldspar in majority, secondarily silicate minerals. In this testwork,<br />
high intensity magnetic separation (HIMS)-cationic reverse flotation and magnetic<br />
roasting-low intensity magnetic separation (LIMS) tests were conducted on<br />
limonite ore. The test results show that the concentrate with iron grade of 50.97%<br />
and recovery of 68.50% can be obtained by HIMS-cationic reverse flotation technique;<br />
while using magnetic roasting-LIMS technique, the better concentrate indexes<br />
of iron grade of 60.36% and recovery of 89.71% are achieved, and the iron<br />
grade of tailing is only 4.42%. Therefore, the magnetic roasting-LIMS technique<br />
is a better suitable method for beneficiation of low-grade limonite ore.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Vermiculite Sustainability in a Changing World<br />
E. Moeller; Nanoparticle Consultancy, LC, Inverness, CA<br />
Vermiculite is a classic high value added industrial mineral, providing many<br />
unique benefits to the markets in which it is utilized. Sustainability is a commitment<br />
to stakeholders and the environment; and is measured socially, economically<br />
and environmentally. The vermiculite industry has developed metrics and<br />
processes to promote sustainability wherever vermiculite is used in the world.<br />
Successes are highlighted with real world examples.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Sustainable Applications of Stamp Sand in Keweenaw Peninsula of<br />
Michigan<br />
B. Li 1 , R. Hodek 1 , J. Hwang 1 , D. Popko 2 and J. Drelich 1 ; 1 Michigan<br />
Technological University, Houghton, MI and 2 Lesktech Ltd,<br />
Lake Linden, MI<br />
In the region of Keweenaw Peninsula of Michigan, approximately 5 million tons<br />
of copper tailing waste, called stamp sand, was dumped in the interior waterways<br />
and along the shorelines of Lake Superior. Mineralogical studies have shown that<br />
the stamp sand is primarily basaltic, granular form, and contains with high concentration<br />
of copper (0.2-0.6wt %). To enhance the ecosystem of Lake Superior,<br />
removing this mining waste material from the waterways and the lake would be<br />
helpful. Researches have demonstrated that the stamp sand has excellent antimicrobial<br />
activity. The granules sized between 8 and 40 mesh are ideal material for<br />
manufacturing of antimicrobial roofing shingles. The coarse granules and fines,<br />
respectively, are also suitable to other industrial applications. This study exhibited<br />
a sustainable approach for environmental restoration by permanent removal<br />
and consumption of stamp sand. Meanwhile, the problematic waste being a contamination<br />
source will become a resource for value-added products.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
The Future of Potash: Fortune or Misfortune?<br />
H. Ewaschuk; Runge Mining (Canada) Ltd, Toronto, ON, Canada<br />
When shortages of a commodity are anticipated, much thought is devoted by the<br />
existing and would-be players on when, how much and where to invest the billions<br />
of dollars required for major developments. For years, capacity for producing<br />
one of the key crop nutrients, potash, has been in over supply. Despite this,<br />
discipline within the industry has kept prices buoyant. With growing demand the<br />
end of overcapacity and the possibility of shortages was imminent. Demand in<br />
2008 drove the spot price of potash to almost $900 per metric ton of KCl, compared<br />
to under $200 per metric ton just a year and a half earlier. Over the past few<br />
years, old and new participants have invested billions of dollars for new capacity.<br />
Not since the late 1960s has there been so much capital investment in potash production.<br />
Recent and anticipated future trends in demand that have motivated<br />
these large expenditures, the major expansions already completed or started, as<br />
well as those that are expected to be developed in the next few years, are reviewed.<br />
The big question for those investing huge sums is whether the previous<br />
production discipline can be maintained to keep prices buoyant in coming years.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
101<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
11:05 AM<br />
Non-Metallic Minerals Industry in China<br />
Z. Zhang and Y. Cao; China Non-metallic Minerals Industry<br />
Association, Beijing, China<br />
During the past few decades, Chinas non-metallic minerals industry experienced<br />
a fast growth in mining, manufacturing, equipment upgrade, technology modernization,<br />
and higher value-added products development, etc. In 2010, nationwide<br />
turnover of non-metallic industry reached RMB 386 billion, and 15% annual<br />
growth is expected in next 5 years. The fast pace of non-metallic minerals industry<br />
in China will be continuous in the coming years. Comparing to industrial<br />
minerals business in North America and Europe, Chinas non-metallic minerals<br />
industry needs to make great efforts to catch up in terms of EHS management in<br />
mining and manufacturing operations, new generation products development,<br />
consistent quality of products, cost effective production, consolidation of small<br />
business in non-metallic industry, and environmental sustainability. China Non-<br />
Metallic Minerals Industry Association, as an industrial leader and nonprofit organization,<br />
plays a significant role in conducting non-metallic mineral industry in<br />
the country.<br />
Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium:<br />
Separations Innovation II<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
Innovations in Ore Sorting<br />
Bo Arvidson, Bo Arvidson Consulting LLC<br />
Innovations in Magnetic Separation<br />
Bo Arvidson, Bo Arvidson Consulting LLC<br />
Innovations in Electrostatic Separation<br />
Steve Hearn<br />
Innovations in Gravity Separation<br />
Rick Honaker, University of Kentucky<br />
Innovations in Dense Medium Separation<br />
Tim Napier-Munn, Julius Kruttschnitt, Mineral Research Ctr<br />
Innovations in Coal Processing<br />
Jerry Luttrel, Virginia Poly. Inst. and State University<br />
Innovations in Phosphate Processing<br />
Brij Moudgil, University of Florida<br />
Innovation in Metallurgical Processing<br />
Symposium:<br />
hydrometallurgy Innovations II<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
Innovations in Zinc Lead Processing<br />
Tim Robinson, Republic Alternative Technologies Inc.<br />
Doug Zunkel, AD Zunkel Consults Inc.<br />
Innovations in Nickel and Cobalt Hydrometallurg<br />
Corby Anderson, Colorado School of Mines<br />
Innovations in Water and Brine Treatment<br />
Larry Lien, Harrison Western Construction Corp.<br />
Innovations in Aluminum Processing<br />
Joe Angiers<br />
Innovations in Rare Earths Processing<br />
Karl Gschneidner, Iowa State University<br />
Innovations in Tailings Management<br />
Dirk van Zyl, University of British Columbia<br />
The Future of Hydrometallurgy<br />
Corby Anderson, Colorado School of Mines<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
hydrometallurgy<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: C. Green, Freeport McMoRan Copper and Gold,<br />
Safford, AZ<br />
J. Steeples, Freeport McMoRan Copper & Gold,<br />
Morenci, AZ<br />
P. Keyser, FLSmidth Salt Lake City Inc., Midvale, UT<br />
J. Lee, Barrick Gold North America,<br />
Salt Lake City, UT<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Enargite Treatments and Application to Pressure Oxidation<br />
of Concentrates<br />
K. Conner and C. Anderson; Metallurgical & Materials Engineering,<br />
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
Due to increasingly stringent worldwide environmental regulations for gaseous,<br />
aqueous and solid waste emissions, conventional smelting technology causes<br />
difficulties when treating materials containing arsenic. Many globally significant<br />
copper properties have copper sulfide mineralogy that has a high arsenic content<br />
present as enargite. Often, the enargite is present as very large resources with significant<br />
amounts of contained precious metals. As global copper, silver and gold<br />
demand increases while significant world resources decrease, treatment of sulfide<br />
orebodies with enargite is becoming increasingly important. A review of<br />
enargite treatment technologies will be discussed as well as a basic overview of<br />
an evaluation of the selective dissolution and fixation of arsenic while leaving<br />
behind a clean copper and precious metals-bearing solid concentrate suitable as<br />
a smelter feed.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Spectroelectrochemistry of Enargite I:<br />
Reactivity in Alkaline Solutions<br />
R. Gow 2 , C. Young 1 , G. Hope 3 and Y. Takasaki 4 ; 1 Met & Mat Eng,<br />
MT Tech, Butte, MT; 2 Hydrometallurgy Research Group, FLSmidth,<br />
Salt Lake City, UT; 3 Chemistry Department, Griffiths University,<br />
Brisbane, QLD, Australia and 4 Engineering & Resource Science,<br />
Akita University, Akita, Japan<br />
The presence of enargite is problematic in gold processing because it is environmentally<br />
hazardous due to its arsenic content but also because it is double refractory<br />
causing cyanide and oxygen consumption to both increase. Selective leaching<br />
and treatment of the arsenic would prove advantageous prior to applying<br />
conventional gold leaching methods. The reactivity of enargite samples Were<br />
spectroelectrochemically studied under alkaline conditions, pH range of 8-13,<br />
using Raman spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry and compared to EH-pH diagrams<br />
determined from mass-balanced thermodynamic calculations using<br />
StabCal software. Under slightly oxidizing conditions, covellite (CuS) peaks were<br />
found in a short matter of time, above ~100mV vs SHE for pH 9-13, suggesting<br />
arsenic leaching specifically occurred. At longer conditioning times, elemental<br />
sulfur was observed and tended to passivate the surface. The presence of sulfur<br />
suggests that copper was eventually leached. By operating above pH 12, under<br />
slightly reducing conditions near -300mV vs SHE, arsenic can be selectively<br />
leached as thioarsenate or thiosulfate without sulfur formation.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Walter Creek Heap Leach at Fort Knox Gold Mine, Alaska<br />
H. Propsom and J. Oleson; Kinross, Fairbanks, AK<br />
The Kinross Fort Knox Gold mine, near Fairbanks, Alaska, has implemented an<br />
operational change to process low gold grade ore with the addition of a valley fill<br />
heap leach. In 2009 a valley fill heap leach pad was constructed and commissioned<br />
to process low Au grade run-of-mine (ROM) ore. The heap leach pad,<br />
originally designed to stack 160 million tons of ore, has been re-designed to hold<br />
approximately 320 million tons to be placed over a 12 year period. Run-of-mine<br />
ore is planned to be placed at a rate of approximately 115,000 tons per day from<br />
mid-March through mid-November (for a total of about 31.0 million tons per<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
102<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
year). The average grade of ROM ore is 0.0094 oz/ton Au. In addition to ROM<br />
ore, SAG mill crushed reject is used as liner cover as well as providing insulation<br />
and protection layer on top of the drip emitters. The current model predicts approximately<br />
38% Au recovery during the first 90 days of solution application,<br />
with ultimate recoveries predicted at 65%. This paper gives a general overview of<br />
the challenges of operating a heap leach facility under arctic conditions and subzero<br />
temperatures.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Fungal Leaching of Metals from Electronic Scrap<br />
S. Ilyas and J. Lee; Mineral Resources Research Div., Korea Institute<br />
of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, Republic<br />
of Korea<br />
Present study was carried out to develop an economically feasible and environmental<br />
friendly technique to extract metals such as Al, Fe, Cu, Zn and Ni from<br />
electronic scrap by employing Penicillium chrysogenum strain KBS3. Main lixiviants<br />
produced in one step bioleaching were citric (12 mM), oxalic (2.5 mM),<br />
tartaric (1.8 mM) and gluconic acids (152 mM) whereas they were citric (15<br />
mM), oxalic (1 mM), tartaric (0.5 mM) and gluconic acids (1162 mM) in two step<br />
bioleaching. Whilst in spent medium, 63 mM citric acid, 29 mM oxalic acid and<br />
23 mM tartaric acid were observed. At 5% pulp density both one-step and twostep<br />
bioleaching experiments showed quite similar metal extraction yield from<br />
the electronic scrap. Approximately 96% Al, 98% Zn, 48% Cu, 25% Fe, 66% Pb<br />
and 73% Ni were leached out in one step bioleaching. In the spent medium leaching<br />
85% Al, 81% Zn, 97% Cu, 22% Fe, 50% Pb and 63% Ni were extracted in 14<br />
days. Cu extraction yield was much lower in bioleaching (48%) than chemical<br />
leaching (98%) and spent medium leaching (97%) with organic acids such as citric,<br />
oxalic, tartaric, and gluconic acids.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Optimal Strategies for Leach Pad Injection Operations<br />
J. Winterton 1 and D. Rucker 2 ; 1 AngloGold Ashanti, Denver, CO and<br />
2<br />
hydroGEOPHYSICS, Inc, Tucson, AZ<br />
Cripple Creek and Victor Gold Mining Co. is developing a full-scale pad injection<br />
program as part of the overall operational plan for their Valley Leach Facility. As<br />
part of the development process the mechanics of the injection process are evaluated<br />
in the context of physical injection measurements, results from geophysical<br />
monitoring, and gold leaching theory. Results indicate that hydraulic fracturing<br />
analogies advanced heretofore do not accurately describe injection phenomena in<br />
unconsolidated material typical of leach pads. A new interpretation is presented<br />
and extended to define operational strategies for maximizing gold production.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Control of Mn and Pb Deposition on Alternative Anodes in Copper<br />
Electrowinning<br />
S. Sandoval 1 , C. Clayton 2 , B. Ashford 3 , A. Neff 1 and E. Gebrehiwot 1 ;<br />
1<br />
Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold, Safford, AZ;<br />
2<br />
Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold, Calama, Chile and<br />
3<br />
Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold, Tyrone, NM<br />
Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. (FCX) is commercially operating alternative<br />
anodes at three of its electrowinning tankhouses, including Chino,<br />
Bagdad, and El Abra. Alternative anodes replace lead anodes and decrease energy<br />
consumption in copper electrowinning by lowering cell voltage. Because alternative<br />
anodes are composed of titanium with a metal oxide coating, lead is removed<br />
from the circuit, which improves cathode quality. Also cobalt additions to<br />
electrolyte to help stabilize lead anodes are no longer required. Under specific<br />
tankhouse conditions, compounds of Mn and Pb can deposit from electrolyte<br />
onto the surfaces of alternative anodes during operation, which can hinder performance.<br />
Chemical means to control Mn and Pb deposition onto alternative<br />
anode surfaces have been developed and are reported in this paper.<br />
11:05 AM<br />
Crud Processing Improvements using ACORGA CB" 1000 Crud<br />
Busting Reagent<br />
T. McCallum, T. Bednarski and M. Soderstrom; Cytec Industries Inc.,<br />
Tempe, AZ<br />
Crud is a common concern in SX processes and is formed as a complex solid stabilized<br />
emulsion of aqueous and organic. Crud formation is highly dependent on<br />
the amount of solids entering the circuit and is influenced by a number of other<br />
operational factors. A common practice for crud processing is interfacial pumping,<br />
wherein crud, organic, and aqueous are pumped from the settlers for treatment<br />
and utilizes a variety of equipment. These mechanical means of crud processing<br />
are effective, however, require significant processing time and require<br />
oversight to prevent the return of contaminated organic. Cytec has developed a<br />
unique crud treatment process utilizing both chemical and mechanical means to<br />
enhance the solid/liquid separation. The use of ACORGA CB" 1000 crud busting<br />
reagent allows a rapid separation of solids from the organic phase and provides<br />
similar volume recovery to current practices. The process allows operations<br />
to return clean organic back to the plant more efficiently and may enable operations<br />
to process more crud. In addition, the organic quality of the recovered organic<br />
is higher than that recovered by typical means, which can lead to operational<br />
cost savings.<br />
11:25 AM<br />
Ion Exchange as a Primary Production Technique<br />
in Hydrometallurgy<br />
S. Arnold, J. Illescas and D. Shaw; Fenix Hydromet, Benalla, VIC,<br />
Australia<br />
Ion exchange has been utilised as a primary production technique in hydrometallury<br />
since the 1950s. Its application to uranium and gold is well documented with<br />
numerous commercial installations. Ion exchange has been more widely applied<br />
in Eastern countries than those in the West to date, and its use as a primary production<br />
technique has been extended beyond applications treating low concentration<br />
leach feed streams to numerous innovative processes. This paper reviews<br />
current usage of ion exchange as a primary production technique in hydrometallurgy,<br />
and discusses the options for future areas of applicability.<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Modeling and Simulation I<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: C. Rawlins, Montana Process Research, Butte, MT<br />
D. Laney, Newmont Mining, Denver, CO<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Modeling and Simulation of Mineral Processing Circuits Using<br />
JKSimMet and JKSimFloat<br />
S. Schwarz 1 and M. Richardson 2 ; 1 JKTech, Las Condes, Chile and<br />
2<br />
Contract Support Services, Red Bluff, CA<br />
Recently there have been significant advances in computing power and programming<br />
technology, enabling more complicated processes to be modelled in greater<br />
detail. This has led to increased understanding of these complex processes, including<br />
mineral processing circuits. JKSimMet was developed over the past 30<br />
years, incorporating outcomes from various research projects conducted at the<br />
JKMRC at The University of Queensland. It is a steady-state software program<br />
that allows the user to mass balance, model fit and simulate comminution circuits.<br />
JKSimFloat has been developed over the past 15 years, incorporating outcomes<br />
from the JKMRC and other institutions around the world through the<br />
AMIRA International P9 project The Optimisation and Simulation of Mineral<br />
Processing Circuits. It is also a steady-state software program, similar to<br />
JKSimMet, but is focused on analysing flotation circuits. Both programs have<br />
been used in a wide variety of optimisation and design projects over many years.<br />
This paper provides an overview of the programs and examples of how both programs<br />
have been used to better understand, develop and optimise mineral processing<br />
circuits around the world.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
CART: A Fundamental Tool for Process Circuit Design<br />
A. Noble and G. Luttrell; Mining and Minerals Engineering, Virginia<br />
Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
The design of separation circuits can be a complex, labor-intensive and costly<br />
process. While the engineers experience along with extensive data sets and simulation<br />
are crucial tools for determining the final solution, a more fundamental approach<br />
is suitable to compare preliminary options and reduce the number of potential<br />
alternatives. In light of this need, the authors have developed the Circuit<br />
Analysis Reduction Tool. This software package relies on the fundamental principles<br />
of linear circuit analysis; however, the solution methodology has been<br />
streamlined to automatically incorporate stream splitting and unique separation<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
103<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
performance for each unit. The resulting tool allows preliminary analysis of circuit<br />
designs without the need of detailed feed characterization. In addition to the<br />
basic analytical approach, this paper supports the veracity of the methodology<br />
with several simulated examples for various separation models.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Life-of-Mine Process Simulation from Drill Holes to Net<br />
Present Value<br />
A. Holtzapple 1 , J. Bartlett 1 and M. Botz 2 ; 1 METSIM, Belo Horizonte,<br />
Brazil and 2 Elbow Creek Engineering, Inc, Billings, MT<br />
Life-of-mine process simulation demands interdisciplinary collaboration, an essential,<br />
yet lacking, element to most mining and minerals projects. Construction<br />
of a single METSIM model which includes all project data and test-work from<br />
drill holes through net present value brings the pieces together, eliminating the<br />
term black box from the plan. By focusing on the key areas: mine, metallurgical<br />
testing and weather data collection and organization; mine, waste and tailings design<br />
with contour mapping; metallurgical plant process flowsheets with inclusion<br />
of operating parameters via design criteria; maintenance scheduling and equipment<br />
availability; calculation of operating costs; and finally, daily simulation<br />
from start-up to shut-down, a comprehensive understanding for all disciplines involved<br />
can be achieved. In the end, varying ore grades, ore types and costs can be<br />
managed and optimized with effective short and long-term planning, developed<br />
through life-of-mine process simulation.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Simulating Concentrators From Feed to Final Products Using a<br />
Multi-component Methodology<br />
C. Evans, M. Andrusiewicz, E. Wightman, M. Brennan, R. Morrison<br />
and E. Manlapig; JKMRC, University of Queensland, Brisbane,<br />
QLD, Australia<br />
The ability to optimise a concentrator from mill feed to final products requires a<br />
simulator which integrates comminution, classification and separation modelling.<br />
In order to model this range of processes, such a simulator must handle a variety<br />
of information about the ore. The AMIRA P9 project has developed a<br />
whole-of-concentrator simulation capability which brings together a texturebased<br />
model of mineral liberation, quantitative X-ray micro-tomography analysis<br />
to measure the inputs required by this model, and a multi-component simulator<br />
software framework. In the context of this approach, the term multi-component<br />
implies the ability of the simulation to handle many particle properties simultaneously;<br />
for example size, composition, density, floatability etc. The simulation<br />
software framework provides the means to manage the flow of data around a circuit<br />
flow sheet, allowing each process model to access the information relevant to<br />
that particular model. A case study based on plant data from a gold-bearing pyrite<br />
concentrator is used to demonstrate the capabilities of the multi-component approach<br />
in simulating circuits which contain comminution and separation<br />
processes.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Developments of the JK SAG Mill Model<br />
and Simulation Applications<br />
C. Brown 1 , M. Powell 1 , T. Kojovic 1 , M. Hilden 1 , C. Bailey 2 ,<br />
M. Bueno 1 and F. Shi 1 ; 1 JKMRC, University of Queensland,<br />
Brisbane, QLD, Australia and 2 JKTech, Sustainable Minerals<br />
Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia<br />
Recent work has incorporated improvements to the JK SAG mill model based on<br />
a power-based model that directly relates the degree of breakage with the energy<br />
consumption. The upgrades include more accurate predictions for a wide range<br />
of operating conditions. Under the AMIRA P9O project, a series of laboratory,<br />
pilot scale and full scale tests, using feed blends of hard and soft components,<br />
were conducted. This has enabled the model capability to be further extended<br />
through development of a new multi-component model structure. For AG and<br />
SAG milling, it can be demonstrated that there is an optimal blend of hard to soft<br />
components in feed, and any optimal blending condition is both ore-dependent<br />
and mill-specific. The new modelling approach addresses the challenge of establishing<br />
this blend by providing a quantitative prediction of the influence of blending<br />
soft and hard components in a mill. This prediction can then be used to establish<br />
the required blend for maintaining a stable and efficient operation. The<br />
paper presents the status of progress in the model development and a demonstration<br />
of its use to predict the fraction of competent ore required in the feed to<br />
Autogenous mills.<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Phase Separations<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chair: C. Kujawa, Outotec (USA) Inc, Jacksonville, FL<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
A Framework for Tailing Disposal Alternatives Analyses<br />
J. Rogers and Z. Zurakowski; MHW Americas, Denver, CO<br />
Alternatives analyses are commonly performed as a part of scoping or pre-feasibility<br />
level designs for tailing storage facilities (TSFs). These analyses consist of a<br />
comparison of potential design alternatives, with the goal being the selection of a<br />
preferred alternative for more detailed evaluation. Typically, the alternatives considered<br />
in these analyses include various sites, embankment construction materials,<br />
and construction methods. For each of these alternatives, criteria and weighting<br />
factors are applied to select a preferred alternative. With the mining industrys<br />
increasing adoption of Alternative Tailing Disposal (ATD) methods such as<br />
paste, thickened and filtered disposal, it is becoming more common to include<br />
tailing deposition in TSF alternatives analyses. This can have a significant impact<br />
on the options considered in the analysis, allowing for the evaluation of options<br />
which would not be available for conventional (slurried) tailing storage. This<br />
paper presents a framework for alternatives analyses, including commonly<br />
adopted analysis criteria and methodology. Project examples are also presented,<br />
displaying the site-specific nature of the process.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Improved Rheology of Thickened Tailings Processing Using<br />
Novel Flocculants<br />
H. Kolla 1 , R. Ramognini 1 , J. Arduino 2 , L. Moore 2 , P. Macy 2 and<br />
L. Rosati 1 ; 1 Oil & Mining, Kemira, Atlanta, GA and 2 Minerals &<br />
Metals, Kemira, Atlanta, GA<br />
The rheological behavior of thickener underflow slurries are important to understand<br />
in order to optimize thickener performance. As thickener technology improves<br />
and higher underflow solids are possible, controlling the rheological properties<br />
of the underflow slurry often becomes the limiting factor towards achieving<br />
higher water recovery, increased thickener capacity, lower energy consumption<br />
and reduced tailing storage space. Flocculant selection in thickener applications<br />
can have a dramatic effect on rheological properties. Laboratory screening and<br />
understanding of the impact of composition, charge density and molecular<br />
weight can guide selection of the polymer to maximize performance. Chemistries<br />
have been developed to produce dramatic improvements that are often not possible<br />
with conventional flocculants. Thickener operations in the arid regions of<br />
Chile and Australia have widely adopted these non-conventional flocculants primarily<br />
to take advantage of the improved water recovery. In this paper, we describe<br />
the development and application of new and novel chemistries that show<br />
significant improvement in rheological properties.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Size Enlargement in Mineral Processes Properties and Usage of<br />
Synthetic Polymer Binders<br />
M. Martikainen and M. Penttinen; Kemira R&D Center, Espoo,<br />
Finland<br />
Size enlargement is a process whereby small particles are agglomerated into<br />
larger units. These size enlargement processes can be divided into agitation methods<br />
and compression methods. Typically agitation methods can be further divided<br />
into two groups: tumbling agglomeration processes (for example, the pelletization<br />
process), or mixer agglomeration processes (for example, the<br />
granulation process). A typical example of the compression method is briquetting.<br />
Several types of additives may be used in size enlargement, including<br />
binders, lubricants and wetting agents. Binders have a significant effect on<br />
strength of agglomerates through particle-particle bonding. Synthetic polymer<br />
based binders offer flexibility beyond inorganic binders like bentonite or natural<br />
organic binders like starch or guar gum. There are several properties such as molecular<br />
mass, charge, charge density and chemical composition of the synthetic<br />
polymer that can be optimized in order to meet the requirements of different<br />
types of size enlargement processes. In addition to changing the properties of the<br />
polymer itself, various additives can be used to enhance the performance of synthetic<br />
polymer binders.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
104<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Sulphate Solutions for this New Problem<br />
M. Martikainen 1 and P. Rantam 2 ; 1 Kemira R&D Center, Espoo, Finland<br />
and 2 Aalto University, Espoo, Finland<br />
The mining industry is known to be a large consumer of water. The waste streams<br />
from mining operations contain various types of impurities, such as sulphates,<br />
heavy metals and cyanides. These impurities make the water undesirable both for<br />
reuse within mine water circuits and for disposal to the environment. Sulfate is<br />
one of the most common anions present in mine effluent water, and the environmental<br />
risks are often secondary compared to heavy metal leaching, for example.<br />
As a result, regulatory standards concerning sulphates have been limited or even<br />
non-existent; however, regulatory agencies are increasingly concerned about the<br />
high sulphate amounts in the effluents, and the regulatory standards for sulphate<br />
are likely to become more stringent. It is well known that removal of SO4 to levels<br />
below 1200 ppm is difficult to accomplish economically. The main sulphate<br />
removal methods can be classified as membrane filtration, biological treatment,<br />
ion-exchange and chemical precipitation. All these methods have their own advantages<br />
and limitations. In addition, every mining location is unique, and therefore<br />
the appropriate treatment should be tailored according to the mine site.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Mixer Design Studies for Liquid-Liquid Mixing in Solvent<br />
Extraction<br />
V. Gupta, Z. Huang and T. Olson; Group Research & Product Review,<br />
FLSmidth Salt Lake City Inc., Midvale, UT<br />
In solvent extraction process, two immiscible liquid phases (organic extractant<br />
and aqueous pregnant leach solution) are mixed in a stirred tank such that one<br />
phase will be dispersed as droplets and the other phase will be the continuous<br />
phase. During mixing, a uniform droplets size distribution through shear dissipation<br />
from an impeller is desired for the efficiency of the extraction process.<br />
Excessive shear will cause fine droplets which will stabilize the emulsion, resulting<br />
in loss of valuable metals and expensive extractant. Low shear will cause the<br />
inefficient mixing between the organic and the aqueous phases and results in<br />
phase separation. The objective of this study is therefore to understand the liquidliquid<br />
mixing through droplet size distribution, phase disengagement time, and<br />
residence time. The effect of different impellers geometry, size, type, and location<br />
in a stirred tank were investigated. CFD studies were conducted on the selected<br />
impellers to understand the mixing and flow patterns generated by the impellers.<br />
The fundamental understanding of the liquid-liquid mixing will help engineers to<br />
better design the mixing process in solvent extraction.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Geology: rare earths, thorium, and Potash:<br />
america’s Future<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
J. Kutsch, Thorium Energy Alliance, Harvard, IL<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Molycorp Vertically Integrated Business Strategy<br />
D. Cordier; Geology, Molycorp, Greenwood Village, CO<br />
The Molycorp integrated mine to magnetics supply chain strategy is to produce<br />
custom engineered materials from 15 different light and heavy rare earths, as well<br />
as from a number of rare metals. These materials go into smart phones, computers,<br />
energy efficiency lighting, hybrid and electric vehicles, advanced wind turbines,<br />
and many other technologies.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Thorium, Rare Earth&Molten Salt Reactor-future of Energy<br />
J. Kutsch; Thorium Energy Alliance, Harvard, IL<br />
Th, RE, MSR Presentation: Thorium, Rare Earths & Molten Salt Reactors (MSR)<br />
- the Future of Industry and Energy John Kutsch, Executive Director of Thorium<br />
Energy Alliance. The proposed talk would briefly review the entwined history of<br />
Thorium and Rare Earths. The talk will also review how Thorium can be used to<br />
produce vast amounts of energy and that by using Thorium, it will free the west to<br />
refine Rare earth metals as a second source for Rare Earths and create a second<br />
player in the market to defeat China’s monopolies on rare earth supplies.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
The Diverse Potash Resources of Utah<br />
A. Rupke; Utah Department of Natural Resources, Utah Geological<br />
Survey, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
Potash activity is at a high in Utahs history, and the resources are found in diverse<br />
geological settings including brines, bedded evaporites, and alunite. Currently,<br />
potash is being extracted or investigated in all of these settings within the state.<br />
Great Salt Lake Minerals harvests brines of Great Salt Lake to produce potassium<br />
sulfate, and they are currently permitting expansions. Near Wendover,<br />
Intrepid Potash exploits subsurface brines of the Great Salt Lake Desert for production<br />
of potassium chloride. Subsurface brines are being evaluated elsewhere<br />
in the Great Salt Lake Desert and at Sevier Lake playa. Near Moab, Intrepid<br />
Potash solution mines deep evaporites of the Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation<br />
to produce potassium chloride. At least three companies have begun exploration<br />
of the Paradox evaporites in other areas of southeast Utah. Utah also hosts the<br />
largest alunite deposit in the country and one company is exploring this deposit<br />
as a source of potassium sulfate. Given the diversity of the potash resources of<br />
Utah, existing production, and extensive exploration, Utah may play an important<br />
role in future domestic production.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Global Availability Update for Rare Earths<br />
J. Gambogi; USGS, Reston, VA<br />
Rare earth elements (REEs) are used in important applications such as batteries,<br />
catalysts, magnets, phosphors, and lasers. Although REEs are abundant in the<br />
earths crust compared to many metals, there are few producers of REEs. In 2011,<br />
China was estimated to produce more than 97 percent of the worlds REEs. In recent<br />
years, prices for rare earth oxides and metals have risen dramatically, production<br />
licenses and export quotas have been imposed by the Chinese<br />
Government, and global consumption has increased. A review of active projects,<br />
prices, recycling initiatives, supplies, and trade patterns provides insight into the<br />
near- and long-term availability of these materials.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Neodymium in Rare-Earth Deposits on a Wolrwide Basis<br />
J. Hedrick 1 and S. Sinha 2 ; 1 Hedrick Consultants Inc., Burke, VA and<br />
2<br />
Rare Earths R Us, Dayton, OH<br />
Neodymium is the leading rare earth in demand for both wind turbine generators<br />
and elecric motors. The availability of neodymium will be assessed by examining<br />
the rare-earth contents of the major rare-earth mines and deposits. Based on this<br />
data, the theoretical amount of neodymium that could be extracted at economic<br />
or near-economic costs will provide an estimated of our surrent and future supply.<br />
Demand forecsts from the U.S. Department of Energy will be used as a basis<br />
to deremine if the available supply is sufficient for future needs or if a shortfall<br />
will exist.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Rare Earth and Energy Independence<br />
J. Kennedy; ThREE Consulting, St. Louis, MO<br />
Thor, the God of Thunder, was Mankinds protector and was responsible for<br />
keeping the worlds climate in balance. So it is almost divine providence that<br />
Thorium will one day fill this roll in our lives. Learn how Thorium and Rare<br />
Earths are the key to solving the environmental crisis and the economic crisis.<br />
The question is who will control both, China or the West.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
105<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Management: Managing a culture of Safety<br />
chair:<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
E. Cullen, Safety Solutions International (SSI),<br />
Spokane, WA<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Culture: What Does It Have to Do with CORESafetyÆ<br />
B. Watzman; National Mining Association, Washington, DC<br />
While there has been substantial progress in the statistical safety performance of<br />
the U.S. mining industry since enactment of the federal Mine Safety and Health<br />
Act in 1977, there remains significant disagreement regarding the appropriate role<br />
of regulatory enforcement and the optimal approach to safety and health management<br />
in the industry. In 2010 the NMA Board of Directors established a task force<br />
to examine the obstacles, both internal and external, to overcome to achieve a goal<br />
of zero fatalities and a 50 percent reduction in the rate of injuries in U.S. mining<br />
within five years. Building on the experience of others, the system implements the<br />
four phases of systems operation: plan, do check and act, but in a significant departure<br />
from prior work, leadership development and culture enhancement are integrated<br />
into a lead, manage and assure framework that is rooted in 20 operational<br />
modules, each containing performance-based expectations.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Assessing the Safety Culture of Underground Coal Mining<br />
C. Kosmoski; NIOSH Office of Mine Safety and Health Research,<br />
Pittsburgh, PA<br />
The NIOSH Office of Mine Safety and Health Research (OMSHR) recently conducted<br />
safety culture assessments at five underground coal mines. Safety culture<br />
is defined as the characteristics of the work environment (such as the values, rules<br />
and common understandings) that influence employees perceptions and attitudes<br />
about the importance that the organization places on safety. This project utilized<br />
a mixed method approach consisting of 1) functional analysis of existing organizational<br />
documents, 2) semi-structured, in-depth interviews, 3) behavioral anchored<br />
rating scales (BARS), 4) a safety culture survey, and 5) behavioral observations.<br />
Details regarding these methodologies will be presented along with<br />
recommendations and guidance for others who may be interested in conducting<br />
mine safety culture assessments.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Extract Your <strong>Full</strong> Leadership Potential: The Mining Institute for<br />
Supervisor Leadership (MISL)<br />
E. Lutz; College of Public Health, The University of Arizona,<br />
Tucson, AZ<br />
Mining is about people. Successful mining operations are built from strong leaders<br />
at all levels of the organization. The J. David Lowell Institute for Mineral<br />
Resources (IMR) at the University of Arizona has gathered the expertise of top<br />
leaders in mining to provide the Mining Institute for Supervisor Leadership<br />
(MISL). This unique program is the only mining-specific, cross-organizational,<br />
mentored leadership institute of its kind in the world. Each participant in the<br />
MISL program gains skills in effectively leading miners using techniques that balance<br />
safety with optimized operations. Limited to 24 participants, the activelearning<br />
and intensive 2-day course includes topics, such as: culture-specific communication,<br />
legal responsibilities, conflict resolution, etc., continuing with<br />
6-months of one-on-one mentoring on a worksite leadership project. Participants<br />
return to present their 6-month projects and then become leadership mentors for<br />
the next 6 month cycle. Loss of leadership is significant threat to maintaining and<br />
driving forward production and safety goals. Proactive development of our future<br />
leaders is paramount.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Measurement Before Management: How to Assess a Companys<br />
Safety Culture<br />
L. Guasta; Safety Solutions International, Inc., Parker, CO<br />
Safety Solutions International, Inc. (SSI) is led by former Assistant Secretary of<br />
Labor and head of MSHA, Dave Lauriski, also a 40-year mining veteran who is<br />
recognized throughout the world for his leadership skills and knowledge in safety<br />
and health systems management. In this presentation a SSI staff member will discuss<br />
how to assess a companys safety culture and develop and implement a culture<br />
enhancement plan. Emphasis will be given to the importance of measuring<br />
or assessing culture before attempting to manage it. Working collaboratively with<br />
clients to construct customized surveys that are most relevant to company and<br />
site-specific programs will be highlighted. Characteristics of positive safety culture<br />
will also be presented as a framework to guide assessments in an attempt to<br />
combine academic knowledge and best practice from industry. A theme in this<br />
presentation relates to the blending of art and science: the science of managing<br />
safety and the art of leading the most valuable resource in any occupational culture<br />
— people. The use of both industry experts and academics will be presented<br />
as an effective way to meet this assessment goal.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Analysis of Jackleg Mining Culture in Narrow Vein Mining<br />
A. Rai; Barrick Turquoise Ridge Inc, Winnemucca, NV<br />
Mechanized bolters have been used in most of the underground metal mines except<br />
narrow vein mine which present tremendous challenge with ground control<br />
and spotty ore body still operate Jackleg. This paper provides an overview of the<br />
cultural survey in an underground metal mines with skilled jackleg operators and<br />
a summary of safety challenges with this technology. The paper also highlights<br />
design, engineering, maintenance and production optimization using Jackleg in<br />
narrow vein mining.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Using Safety Maturity Models for Safety Assurance and<br />
Improvement in Mining Operations<br />
G. Lyle 1 , P. Foster 2 , D. Putnam 3 , V. Pakalnis 1 and D. Millar 1 ;<br />
1<br />
MIRARCO, Sudbury, ON, Canada; 2 School of Engineering,<br />
Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, United Kingdom<br />
and 3 Health,Safety and Environment, DeBeers Canada, Toronto, ON,<br />
Canada<br />
In the Global Mining industry a considerable amount of effort takes place into<br />
establishing best practice and identifying tools that are proven to be effective in<br />
improving safety. Whilst this approach is logical, its effectiveness is limited by the<br />
differences in safety culture and management across the industry. Sites in the<br />
early stages of developing their safety culture will require different improvement<br />
techniques from those with strong safety cultures and systems. This distinction is<br />
often not made and as a result many of these initiatives and interventions have<br />
not been as effective as hoped. The Safety Maturity Model concept is a recent research<br />
innovation. These models were developed to allow organisations to understand<br />
their own level of safety maturity by assessing the level of compliance<br />
with various key elements of safety culture related to both management systems<br />
and human/behavioural issues. This paper will look at the background to these<br />
models, tracing their development in the oil and gas industry and how they have<br />
been adapted and used in the global mining industry. Examples will be shown<br />
from DeBeers Canadas mines and exploration teams<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
operations: My First Five years<br />
in operations<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: M. Mowry, Jim Walter Resources, Brookwood, AL<br />
B. Fredrickson, Rio Tinto Minerals, Boron, CA<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
From College to the Coal Mines<br />
K. McCoy; Walter Energy, Inc., Brookwood, AL<br />
A well-rounded mining engineering curriculum is essential to a successful career.<br />
Working in production makes problems that once had consequences like a failing<br />
grade now carry threats of safety violations or involve great amounts of money.<br />
While mining conditions can vary significantly, the basic principles of rock mechanics,<br />
ventilation, and pumping still apply. Undergraduates in mining engineering<br />
should take great pride in the mastery of their skill and take advantage of<br />
any opportunity to experience new mine sites and conditions. Internships, co-<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
106<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
ops, tours, and a varied curriculum help to diversify and expand ones knowledge.<br />
Starting a full-time career in operations came with many challenges. It is easy to<br />
see a great amount of knowledge and expertise leaving the industry as engineers<br />
and management retire. A rotation through various aspects of the mining system,<br />
paired with a push for continued education, has helped me grow as a mining engineer<br />
and gain the confidence needed to excel.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
My First Five Years in Operations<br />
M. Orsulak; Walter Energy, Inc., Brookwood, AL<br />
Academia alone cannot prepare a mining engineer to have the tools necessary to<br />
be successful in operations. There is a great difference between learning applications<br />
from a textbook compared to real-life situations. A well-balanced mining<br />
engineering program should include real-world problem solving and field work as<br />
part of the curriculum. Another challenge that many graduates face is understanding<br />
how to communicate and supervise people with various education levels.<br />
Working in operations has taught me that there is no substitute for hands-on<br />
knowledge gained by working with industry veterans. One aspect that helped my<br />
transition from school to the industry is the time I spent in operations during my<br />
internships. Internships not only give you an idea of what to expect in real-world<br />
applications in the industry, but they are also a great networking tool. <strong>SME</strong> membership<br />
is also a great resource that provides opportunities to meet different people<br />
in the industry and build relationships with fellow colleagues. Working in operations<br />
continues to be a constant learning process on a daily basis. Although<br />
there are many challenges, the experience can be very rewarding.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
My First Five Years in Operations<br />
J. Stefanic; Walter Energy, Inc., Brookwood, AL<br />
The transition from a mining engineering program to the industry has consisted of<br />
both positive and challenging aspects that lead to a life changing experience. Most<br />
of the challenges are a result of moving from an educational standpoint to a realworld<br />
environment. In operations, there are many more variables to consider<br />
which make it difficult to deliver solutions to the problems that arise. Another<br />
challenging aspect of the transition into the industry is working with people with<br />
varied levels of experience and education. When in college, it was typical that<br />
peers were on a leveled field of knowledge; this is not the case in the industry. This<br />
contributes to active learning and teaching on a daily basis, which can also provide<br />
a significant challenge. Work experience gained through internships can familiarize<br />
students with the basic principles of what happens at mine sites. Additionally,<br />
receiving insight and guidance from seasoned veterans of the industry can provide<br />
a feeling of community. Opportunities to engage in conversations about various<br />
aspects of mining are a constant reminder of the value of this work.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
My First Five Years in Operations<br />
B. Fredrickson; Rio Tinto Minerals, Boron, CA<br />
Many companies are interested in the quality of the first five years of a new engineer’s<br />
experience in the mining industry for recruiting and retention purposes.<br />
This study will show some of my personal experiences in my first five years in the<br />
mining industry after graduating with a BS in Mining Engineering. Included will<br />
be the time that I spent working for a mining software company as well as my<br />
time in a mining operation and the differences between those two experiences.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
My First Five Years in Operations<br />
M. Mowry; Walter Energy, Inc., Brookwood, AL<br />
As the mining industry continues to hire young professionals to supplant the<br />
growing number of retirees, a well-developed engineering curriculum can prepare<br />
mining engineering graduates to make meaningful contributions in the industry.<br />
Successful companies can be measured not only by their reserve base and annual<br />
production, but also by their retention of mining engineering graduates with zero<br />
to five years of operational experience. A well-developed mining engineering curriculum<br />
should include coursework and materials that are current and involve<br />
real-world examples of ventilation, pumping and drainage, mine design, and operations<br />
planning. While mining engineering graduates have a responsibility to<br />
maintain an attitude of learning after joining the workforce, mine operators must<br />
also recognize the need to continue to challenge graduates by granting them opportunities<br />
to accept appropriate levels of responsibility. This progression should<br />
be closely evaluated and monitored by operations managers and human resource<br />
personnel. Maintaining the balance between challenge and reward involves educators<br />
and mine operators alike.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
My First Five Years in Operations<br />
R. Hespen; LaFarge Cement, Tulsa, OK<br />
Now, more than ever, companies are looking for new ways to attract young talent<br />
who can generate the next great idea or spawn the next great innovation that will<br />
improve the bottom line. In order to obtain new ideas and fresh faces, a company<br />
has to understand what motivates a young engineer and what drives them to succeed.<br />
This paper will show a summary of my first 5 years in the mining industry<br />
with a BS in Mining Engineering. In this study, I will discuss my time with the<br />
company and the things I have learned and realized as a young engineer that<br />
have helped propel me in my career.<br />
chair:<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
operations: Strategic Mine Planning<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
R. Dimitrakopoulos, McGill University,<br />
Montreal, QC<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Revisiting the Nevada Optimizer<br />
C. Meagher; Mining Technology, Newmont Mining,<br />
Greenwood Village, CO<br />
In 1999 a paper describing a mixed integer linear program used to optimize<br />
Newmonts Nevada mine plane was presented at the <strong>SME</strong>. We revisit the Nevada<br />
optimizer over a decade later and discuss how advances to MILP solvers have<br />
helped in the Nevada mine planning process by allowing more strategic options<br />
to be solved in much less time. Due to the complex processing options Newmont<br />
has available in Nevada, the original mixed integer linear program (MILP) suffers<br />
from an inability to accurately model material doing from a mine or stockpile<br />
to a mill to produce a concentrate and then the concentrate being split up to be<br />
further processed at multiple locations. Sending the concentrate to multiple<br />
processes introduces non-linear mixing constraints into the MILP model. We discuss<br />
work to try and solve this more complex model to produce solutions that are<br />
more realistic.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
Mining Supply Chain Optimization Under Geological Uncertainty<br />
R. Goodfellow 1 and J. Cloutier 2 ; 1 Mining and Materials Engineering,<br />
McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada and 2 Mineral Resources<br />
and Mineral Reserves Group, Vale Base Metals, Mississauga,<br />
ON, Canada<br />
Mining operations can be modelled as a supply chain from the sources of raw<br />
material through processing streams to saleable products. Existing research in<br />
mine design optimization has focused on the extraction sequence of materials<br />
and neglects the impact that optimal processing paths have on the economic viability<br />
of a mining operation. Additionally, the vast majority of existing models<br />
neglect the opportunity to blend material together to prolong the life of the resource<br />
and generate higher cash flows. This paper addresses the issue of selecting<br />
the optimal block destinations and processing streams throughout a mining supply<br />
chain. The proposed formulation is solved using a particle swarm optimization<br />
algorithm, and clustering is used to substantially reduce the size of the problem,<br />
leading to more efficient solution times with minimal loss in quality.<br />
Additionally, clustering permits generating complex destination policies for material<br />
extracted from a mine under geological uncertainty. This method is tested<br />
at Vales OnÁa Puma nickel laterite deposit, in Par, Brazil.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Using Real Options to Manage Technical Risk in Life of Mine<br />
Planning: Application at Chuquicamata Underground Copper<br />
Mine, Chile<br />
J. Botin, M. Del Castillo and R. Guzman; Ingenieria de Mineria,<br />
Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile<br />
Traditional risk quantification methods provide little information on the sources<br />
of risk, and tend to produce static over-conservative evaluations, which do not ac-<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
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TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
count for changes in the performance of the project. Capital investment decisions<br />
for large mining projects require of more complex risk evaluation models, that include<br />
the value of flexibility and the different risk levels associated with uncertainty<br />
on project variables (price, grade, dilution, production rates, among many<br />
other). In this context, Real Option Valuation (ROV) methods have proven potential<br />
to quantify the risk associated with such variables and integrate alternative<br />
scenarios and management strategies into the evaluation process. In this paper, a<br />
risk quantification model is developed, which successfully quantifies the risk associated<br />
to dilution, as a function of production rate. This model is then validated<br />
in a case study on the Chuquicamata Underground Mining Project.<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Enterprise Optimization for Mining Businesses<br />
R. Peevers 1 and G. Whittle 2 ; 1 Ausenco, Grass Valley, CA and 2 Whittle<br />
Consulting Pty Ltd, Grass Valley, CA<br />
Whittle Consulting has developed a methodology for optimizing the entire mining<br />
business value chain. Mining is a complicated business, with many different<br />
economic, technical, and environmental parameters that need to be planned and<br />
refined before a project becomes a mine. Many of these parameters are assessed<br />
in isolation, due to expediency and the difficulty of predicting values for the variables<br />
under consideration. Costs, prices, reserves, geometallurgy, mining, water<br />
control, and the many facets of the social license to operate are absolutely critical<br />
to the valuation of a project. Optimizing across all of these parameters is rarely<br />
done. Using activity-based costing and the theory of constraints, a robust cost<br />
model that incorporates the significant cost drivers as currently recognized is constructed,<br />
and this model can be used to optimize mine size and configuration,<br />
and plant size and operating envelope for the processing facility. A powerful<br />
NPV-based optimization engine is used to develop a schedule that optimizes<br />
value throughput in the business. Typical results will be discussed, along with details<br />
of activity-based costing and the theory of constraints.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Development of a Methodology that Integrates Environmental and<br />
Social Considerations in the Investment Decision Process for<br />
Mining Projects<br />
J. Botin, R. Guzman, J. MuÒoz and J. Valdivieso; Ingenieria de Mineria,<br />
Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile<br />
In modern mining, the core of mine planning and design is the block model, a<br />
simplified representation wherein the ore deposit is divided in a number of virtual<br />
rock cubes, each characterized by technical and economics parameters.<br />
Mining engineers use this model to design the mine and develop production<br />
schedules. Traditionally, sustainability issues are not considered in the mine design,<br />
planning and engineering processes but rather are incorporated in the later<br />
stages of the feasibility evaluation as necessary expenditures and operating costs.<br />
This paper describes the results of a research project aiming to develop a methodology<br />
to incorporate sustainability parameters directly into the block model, so<br />
they become an integral part of the design, planning and scheduling processes. It<br />
is considered that the incorporation of sustainable parameters into the block<br />
model would yield a more responsible mine design and improve the sustainability<br />
performance of mining projects.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Max Flow Lagrangian Based Phase Design Algorithm for Open Pit<br />
Production Scheduling Optimization<br />
C. Somrit 1 , K. Dagdelen 2 and X. Wu 1 ; 1 Newmont Mining<br />
Corporation, Greenwood Village, CO and 2 Mining and Earth<br />
Systems, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
The long term production schedule of open pit mines that maximizes the NPV of<br />
a given project relies on the proper design of phases (pushbacks) within the ultimate<br />
pit limits. There is not a phase design algorithm applied in the mining industry<br />
today that gives production schedules that are optimum when the phase<br />
designs impact on the production schedule is considered. The new algorithm has<br />
been develope based on Max Flow Lagrangian and LP relaxation. It determines<br />
the phases of an open pit mine by taking into account time value of money and<br />
period by period blending requirements. The algorithm has been implemented<br />
within a software program and has been tested on a limited basis in the design of<br />
improved pushbacks coming from various open pit mines. It has demonstrated to<br />
improve the NPV as compared to the traditional one.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology: Ventilation II:<br />
Ventilation Modeling and Monitoring<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: A. Martikainen, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
G. Goodman, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
CFD Analysis of Line Brattice Face Ventilation Systems Ability for<br />
Methane Dilution During Extended Cut<br />
T. Petrov and A. Wala; Mining Engineering, University of Kentucky,<br />
Lexington, KY<br />
This study was conducted to analyze the effects of a machine mounted scrubber<br />
and water sprays to bring the air for methane dilution at the immediate face zone<br />
during deep cut continuous mining. Series of three dimensional simulations were<br />
performed for a blowing and exhaust face ventilation systems under the same<br />
conditions using validated CFD code. In the simulated entry, a model of a continuous<br />
miner Joy 14CM15 equipped with a scrubber and water spray was positioned<br />
at the face of a 13-ft wide box cut. For both face ventilation systems, blowing<br />
and exhaust, CFD simulations were first conducted to evaluate the effect of<br />
using sprays and scrubber separately. Than the combined use of sprays with the<br />
scrubber was simulated. This paper discusses the results of the performed CFD<br />
analysis to investigate dead zones that could contain high concentration of<br />
methane.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
A Comparison of Ventilation Network Simulation <strong>Program</strong>s<br />
J. Fox and P. Mousset-Jones; Mining Engineering/0173, University of<br />
Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV<br />
Four mine ventilation simulation software packages are compared for ease of use<br />
and benchmarked by predicted results for pressure, airflow quantity and drybulb/wet-bulb<br />
temperatures. A complex, deep and hot, highly mechanized mine<br />
with 1317 airway branches is selected as the basis for comparison. The proposed<br />
mine model extends workings to a depth of 2135m. The base case was originally<br />
developed with the combination of VnetPC 2007 and Climsim. Independent<br />
models are developed in MULTIFLUX, Ventsim Visual and Vuma Network for<br />
the comparison. The four resultant thermodynamic ventilation models have been<br />
painstakingly evaluated and refined so that equivalent simulations are used in the<br />
comparison. The combination of VnetPC 2007 and Climsim prove to have the<br />
most flexibility and intuitive program structure for the seasoned ventilation professional.<br />
Vuma Network proves to have the most reasonable results, after the assumed<br />
rock temperatures and branch aging have been set. MULTIFLUX appears<br />
to underestimate wet-bulb temperatures, while Ventsim appears to overestimate<br />
predicted temperatures.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Ventilation Considerations for LHD’s and Trucks in the Hard Rock<br />
Underground Mining Environment<br />
J. Bontje; Underground Mining Marketing, Caterpillar, Peoria, IL<br />
Many hard rock mines focus on the reduction of Diesel Particulate Matter (PM)<br />
from their mobile equipment because this value often drives a mines required<br />
ventilation rate. The level of PM in the underground environment is carefully<br />
managed in order to meet regulatory requirements imposed by mine safety and<br />
health agencies around the world. Ventilation in the underground environment is<br />
a large percentage of a mines operating cost and can affect the viability of a project<br />
or an expansion. Ventilation considerations can also limit the amount of<br />
equipment that can work in a certain area, potentially limiting mine productivity.<br />
This discussion will focus on diesel emissions from LHD’s and trucks and how<br />
Caterpillar plans to meet the requirements of their customers around the world.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
108<br />
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TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
10:05 AM<br />
Heat and Contaminant Study at a Wyoming Trona Mine<br />
A. Habibi 1 , R. Kramer 2 and S. Gillies 1 ; 1 Mining and Nuclear, Missoyri<br />
S&T, Rolla, MO and 2 Engineering Department, FMC Corporation,<br />
Rock Springs, WY<br />
The underground Trona mine is located near Green River, WY with the annual<br />
production of 4.5 million tons. The mine has three active development panels<br />
and a longwall. The mining horizon is roughly about 500 meters below surface.<br />
Three surface axial fans provide the air for the mine. The ventilation survey and<br />
subsequent studies have been conducted to prepare a ventilation model.<br />
Currently, the intake air at all three intake shafts is heated by heat exchangers<br />
which use natural gas. Air heating during the winter is essential for miner comfort<br />
as well as to prevent potential freezing of pipelines in the shaft and the mine.<br />
The geothermal heating study has been conducted in one of the active panels to<br />
determine the rock attributes. Methane sensors have been installed in an active<br />
development panel return drift to continuously monitor the methane spread. This<br />
paper presents the heat and contaminant simulation results using Ventsim Visual<br />
software to determine the adequate amount of surface heating rate and the possibility<br />
of minimizing the natural gas consumption at the mine.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
A Case Study for Mine Wide Ventilation Monitoring System with<br />
HMI-SCADA Including Fire Suppression Annunciation<br />
A. Rai; Barrick Turquoise Ridge Inc, Winnemucca, NV<br />
Barrick Turquoise Ridge mine is an extremely competitive underground operation.<br />
With current market pressure, increased production rates with safety are desirable<br />
for a gold mine. Thus the importance of accurate design and efficient ventilation<br />
monitoring system becomes essential for continuous operation. In dealing<br />
with these variable parameters, its important to avoid any major accidents like fire<br />
etc. Apart from providing adequate ventilation, the real question is how to validate<br />
in realtime and place major real estate infrastructure on a single network.<br />
Additionally, to help enhance the safety of personnel as well as property for fire<br />
monitoring and annunciation is paramount. The paper discussed design, engineering,<br />
installation and commissioning of the mine wide monitoring system with<br />
HMI-SCADA including ventilation and fire suppression annunciation system.<br />
10:45 AM<br />
Modeling of Strata Gas Liberation into the Mine Drifts with<br />
Time-dependent Ventilation<br />
G. Danko and D. Bahrami; Mining Engineering, University of<br />
Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV<br />
It is important to predict the amount of gas contaminant liberated from the surrounding<br />
rockmass into the ventilating airway in an underground mine to better<br />
assess the health and safety of the underground environment. A reliable and accurate<br />
modeling tool for gas liberation from strata to the mine drifts is essential<br />
for predicting the performance of various ventilation design scenarios as well as<br />
for controlling a VOD system. Darcy-type flow of gas in fractured and porous<br />
strata can be modeled using TOUGH2 or NUFT which are both commercial,<br />
multi-component, multi-phase porous-media codes. However, they are not coupled<br />
to any ventilation network solution. MULTIFLUX, a coupled ventilation<br />
and thermal-hydrologic-contaminant model couples the strata model to the ventilation<br />
network solution. The method of coupling uses the Numerical Transport<br />
Code Functionalization (NTCF) method which can be applied to import either<br />
TOUGH2 or NUFT without merging codes. The NTCF technique enables a<br />
large ventilation network to solve together with the strata model for every airway<br />
branch in a computationally efficient way.The paper presents the theory of the<br />
coupled model and a numerical example.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology: Widgets, Wands and<br />
Whatchamacallits: new technology for the<br />
Mining Industry and What it does<br />
9:00 AM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chair: L. Sierra, Newmont Mining Corporation, Elko, NV<br />
9:00 AM<br />
Introductions<br />
9:05 AM<br />
Rapid Mineralogical Analysis for Mineral Exploration<br />
B. Curtiss; ASD, Inc., Boulder, CO<br />
Many deposit types have associated diagnostic mineral signatures defined by underlying<br />
deposit models. Since alteration often extends well beyond a deposit,<br />
mapping of alteration zones provides a useful exploration vector. Reflectance<br />
spectroscopy enables the geologist to characterize many alteration minerals associated<br />
with economic deposits. While field portable spectrometer systems enable<br />
identification of these minerals in the field, the expertise required to perform<br />
identifications using currently available systems is quite high. We have adapted<br />
several automated spectral analysis approaches to run in real-time with a field<br />
portable spectrometer system. These approaches perform automatic identification<br />
of the top three to four spectrally active minerals and present results to the<br />
user in a clear, easy to interpret display.<br />
9:25 AM<br />
A Primer on Shouldered Pipe-joining Systems for Large-diameter<br />
Abrasive Services<br />
M. Carriere; Victaulic, Easton, PA<br />
Joining large-diameter pipe for abrasive services such as tailings and slurry lines<br />
can be a challenge. Traditional joining methods have limitations that force engineers<br />
and owners to compromise in one or more areas. Shouldered pipe-joining<br />
systems, also known as ring systems, solve these challenges and offer advantages<br />
such as accommodation of thermal expansion and contraction, quick and simple<br />
installation, ease of maintenance and cost savings. By maintaining the full pipewall<br />
thickness, shouldered systems reduce internal wear and allow for rotation to<br />
even out wear patterns and extend the service life of the piping. In addition, most<br />
systems offer a flexible coupling option that permits limited linear and angular<br />
movement to accommodate expansion, contraction and deflection without requiring<br />
expansion joints. With as few as two bolts on each coupling, shouldered<br />
systems can cut installation time in half compared to a flanged system. Material<br />
and total-installed costs of shouldered systems are generally lower than heavyduty<br />
flanges, reducing costs. In addition to the advantages, the paper will review<br />
how such systems work and how they compare to alternative joining methods.<br />
9:45 AM<br />
Development of Multivariate Models for the Quantitative<br />
Prediction of Mineral Properties Using Near-infrared Reflectance<br />
Spectroscopy<br />
D. Shiley; SummitCAL Solutions Team, ASD, Inc., Boulder, CO<br />
Near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy can be used in combination with<br />
NIR-based multivariate models that simultaneously consider large numbers of<br />
spectral points to predict sample composition. Although NIR-based multivariate<br />
models have been widely accepted for quantitative and qualitative analysis within<br />
agricultural, pharmaceutical and industrial markets they are not widely known in<br />
mining applications or for quantitative modeling of minerals. Multivariate calibration<br />
models can be developed using NIR spectra to predict mineral composition<br />
or metallurgic response. The use of such predictive models with NIR spectra<br />
can provide valuable information on mineralogy that can be used to supplement<br />
traditional measurement of these important parameters on a real-time basis.<br />
Considerations for creation of NIR-based multivariate models will be discussed<br />
in this presentation.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
109<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
10:05 AM<br />
A Comparison of Photogrammetry and Laser Scanning for<br />
Deformation Monitoring in Underground Mines<br />
B. Fahrman 1 , E. Westman 1 and M. Golparvar-Fard 2 ; 1 Mining<br />
Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA and 2 Civil Engineering,<br />
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
Regular measurement of deformation in underground mine openings can reveal<br />
potential ground control hazards. Traditional deformation monitoring instruments<br />
give only point measurements. Photogrammetry and laser scanning, however,<br />
both allow for quick, accurate determination of spatial coordinates over a<br />
wide area. Analysis of successive point clouds generated from photogrammetry<br />
or laser scanning can provide an effective means of widespread deformation<br />
monitoring. This paper presents a comparison between photogrammetry and<br />
laser scanning by analyzing 3D point clouds taken before and after a series of<br />
progressively larger rib excavations in an entry at an underground coal mine in<br />
the eastern US. Discussion includes the time and financial resources required for<br />
each method as well as the ability to be certified as MSHA-permissible.<br />
10:25 AM<br />
Practical UAV Applications for Mining and Minerals Exploration<br />
M. Bartlett; Newmont Mining Corporation, Greenwood Village, CO<br />
Mining and exploration have used aerial photogrammetry for years to map mining<br />
operations, explore for mineral deposits, and evaluate the environment.<br />
Unmanned aerial vehicles are becoming more common outside of the defense industry<br />
and new platforms offer the opportunity to quickly collect high quality,<br />
aerial photos at a fraction of the cost of satellite or standard commercial data. An<br />
evaluation of a fixed-wing UAV indicates that this platform can provide aerial<br />
photo coverage over a 2 to 6 km2 area per flight with a spatial resolution of approximately<br />
5 to 20 cm from a flight elevation of 150 to 500 m AGL. Data can be<br />
easily resolved to a GIS map provided suitable ground control points are incorporated.<br />
Newmont can successfully use the data to provide quick volume calculations<br />
for tailing dam and mineral stockpiles, land use surveys, disturbance mapping<br />
and area calculations, environmental remediation surveys, and provide<br />
high-quality mapping photos for new exploration area. We envision the use of<br />
UAV data to supplement existing commercial and satellite photogrammetry<br />
where detailed information is required quickly and where cloud cover prevents<br />
timely photo missions.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Use of Fatty Acids in Oxidized Coal Flotation<br />
R. Dube and R. Honaker; Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY<br />
Oxidized coals are generally difficult to float using conventional aliphatic hydrocarbons<br />
such as diesel fuel oil. The formation of carboxyl, carbonyl and hydroxyl<br />
oxygen groups on the coal surface decreases the hydrophobic character of the<br />
coal surface. A flotation study was conducted on a naturally oxidized bituminous<br />
coal to identify chemicals and process conditions providing acceptable recovery<br />
and selectivity performances. Laboratory tests revealed that fatty acid collectors<br />
blended with standard fuel oil provided the desired performances. The operating<br />
conditions including slurry pH, flotation time and reagent dosage levels were<br />
studied to identify the conditions providing the optimum results. Compared to<br />
the typical chemical use and operating conditions, the fatty acid and fuel oil<br />
blend provided an increase in combustible recovery that exceeded 30 absolute<br />
percentage points while achieving an acceptable selectivity.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Commercial Application of Dry Cleaning of a High Sulfur Coal<br />
B. Parekh 1 , R. Tschantz 2 and J. Pilcher 3 ; 1 FGXSepTech, LLC,<br />
Lexington, KY; 2 Imperial Technology, Canton, OH and 3 Eagle River<br />
Mining, Harrisburg, IL<br />
Dry separators for coal cleaning have a long history of application in the coal..<br />
The dry coal cleaning processes typically has lower capital and operating costs,<br />
required no waste water treatment or fine waste impoundment, provided lower<br />
product moistures and needed less stringent permitting requirements. A commercial<br />
unit capable of processing up to 250TPH was installed in 2011 at the Eagle<br />
River Mining located at the Harrisburg, Illinois. The plant flowsheet involves<br />
feeding the ROM coal to an Accelerator set to reject mineral matter large than 3-<br />
inch size particles. Minus 3 inch particles are processed using the FGX Dry Coal<br />
separator. The feed containing about 16% ash and 6% total sulfur produces a<br />
clean coal with 8% ash and 3.2% sulfur at a yield of 70% and combustible recovery<br />
of 90%. The rejects from the Accelerator and FGX separator has more than<br />
15% sulfur. The paper will present an economical data on the process.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Ultrafine Spiral Separator Circuit Performance Evaluations for<br />
Bituminous Coal<br />
F. Peng and M. Yang; West Virginia Univ., Morgantown, WV<br />
WedneSday, February 27<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
coal Preparation<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
aFternoon<br />
D. Tao, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Nanobubble Column Flotation for More Efficient Coal Recovery<br />
A. Sobhy, R. Honaker and D. Tao; Mining Engineering Department,<br />
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY<br />
Froth flotation is a widely used, cost effective coal cleaning process. However, its<br />
high process efficiency is limited to a narrow particle size range between approximately<br />
10 and 100 µm. Beyond this range, the efficiency of froth flotation decreases<br />
sharply, especially for difficult-to-float coal fines of weak hydrophobicity<br />
(e.g., oxidized coal). This study was aimed at enhancing recovery of an Illinois<br />
fine coal sample using a flotation column featuring a hydrodynamic cavitation<br />
nanobubble generator. nanobubbles that are mostly smaller than 1 µm can be<br />
formed selectively on hydrophobic coal particles from dissolved air in fine coal<br />
slurry. Results indicate that combustible recovery of a -100 mesh coal was increased<br />
by 20-50% for different size fractions and that flotation rate was increased<br />
by at least 41% in the presence of nanobubbles. Other major advantages of the<br />
nanobubble process include lower collector dosage and air consumption since<br />
nanoobubbles are produced from air naturally dissolved in water and they act as<br />
a secondary collector on particle surfaces, thereby resulting in considerably lower<br />
operating costs.<br />
Most of coal preparation plants, flotation circuit is used for ultrafine cleaning.<br />
The flotation process requires reagents which increase operating costs and may<br />
cause contamination for tailings underground injection. As an alternative, spiral<br />
separator, a gravity based concentrator, has been applied for ultrafine cleaning<br />
using lower flowrate than that of fine spiral separator. To evaluate the ultrafine<br />
spiral performance, in-plant coal samples are collected from processing medium<br />
volatile bituminous coal. Particle sizing and float-sink analysis are conducted at<br />
various size intervals. Size effects on the performance of ultrafine spiral are evaluated.<br />
The characteristic parameters of the distribution functions include probable<br />
error and specific gravity separation were derived by curve-fitting to the separation<br />
performance data. The parameters values, Ep~0.47-0.12 at SG50~2.1-1.5<br />
for clean coal, and Ep~0.44-0.12 at SG50~2.50 -1.52 for clean coal+middlings<br />
for ultrafine spiral separator are obtained. To maintain the high quality of products<br />
from ultrafine spiral separation circuit is presented and discussed.<br />
coal & energy:<br />
refuge alternatives<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: N. LaBranche, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
E. Bauer, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Physiological Analysis of Human Generated Heat<br />
n a Refuge Alternative<br />
T. Bernard; College of Public Health, Univ. of So. Florida, Tampa, FL<br />
Heat and sweat generation by occupants in a refuge alternative (RA) may be a limiting<br />
factor in demonstrating design capacity. In the final MSHA rule, an environ-<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
110<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
mental limit based on the Steadman Apparent Temperature was specified. An<br />
analysis of potential limiting thermal conditions was undertaken. The major conclusion<br />
was that an occupant surrogate would be an effective testing vehicle to<br />
demonstrate RA capacity and that a thermal limit is not necessary. In summary,<br />
the following recommendations were made for testing an RA: (1) heat generation<br />
at 115 W per occupant; (2) reasonable surrogate occupant can be achieved using a<br />
standard drum with a wetted surface to represent sweating; (3) an upper limit skin<br />
temperature of 95 ∞F (35 ∞C) for a surrogate occupant (this decision is independent<br />
of a limit on the RA environment) and (4) a limit based on the Steadman<br />
Apparent Temperature limit can be set higher (e.g., 105 to 115 ∞F).<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Detailed Thermal Analysis of an Underground Mine Shelter to<br />
Evaluate Thermal Burden on Mine Workers<br />
M. Klein, M. Hepokoski and P. Rynes; Thermal Modeling Group,<br />
ThermoAnalytics, Inc, Calumet, MI<br />
Mine refuge shelters are designed to protect mine workers from hazardous environmental<br />
conditions after a mine disaster. These shelters primarily provide clean<br />
air and sustenance until conditions within the mine either become safe for human<br />
occupation or an evacuation is feasible. Prolonged exposure to elevated temperature<br />
and humidity levels can result in a heat stress condition in which the human<br />
body is unable to maintain its core temperature. Consequently, thermal conditions<br />
within the shelter itself can pose a risk to human safety over time. A detailed<br />
thermal model of a mine refuge shelter was created to evaluate the thermal burden<br />
imposed on a group of mine workers over an extended period of time. A<br />
moisture model was developed to track the transient changes in humidity within<br />
the chamber, including evaporation from sweat and respiration; moisture from<br />
the air cleaning equipment; and condensation on the walls. An integrated thermoregulation<br />
model was used to simulate the humans and to provide a measure<br />
of the degree of heat stress in terms of their core temperature.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Three-dimensional CFD Modeling of Purging From<br />
Refuge Chamber<br />
L. Wang, M. Thiruvengadam, J. Tien and Y. Zheng; Missouri S&T,<br />
Rolla, MO<br />
The MINER Act of 2006 mandated that all underground coalmines must install<br />
and maintain refuge chambers. They are also commonly used in metal and nonmetal<br />
mines. Refuge chambers serve as a temporary shelter in case of emergency.<br />
Several factors affect the performance of a refuge chamber: heat production inside<br />
the chamber and introduction of CO when chamber doors are opened. This<br />
study examines the CO purging process and to determine total air quantity and<br />
time necessary to lower the CO concentration to safe levels for different inlet/outlet<br />
configurations using three-dimensional simulation technique. The study uses<br />
Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes and continuity equations along with the<br />
species transport model assuming uniform air-CO mixing initially in the refuge<br />
chamber. The heat transfer of any kind is neglected and the purging process is assumed<br />
to take place isothermally. The standard k-∝ model is utilized for simulating<br />
turbulence in the flow field. This research provides useful guidelines in developing<br />
an efficient strategy for purging refuge chamber.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Refuge Chambers in US Coal Mines<br />
C. Slaughter, L. Wang and J. Tien; Missouri S&T, Rolla, MO<br />
With the passage of the Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response Act<br />
of 2006 (MINER Act of 2006) and the Mine Safety and Health Administrations<br />
Refuge Shelter Final Rule, coal mines were required to have available Refuge<br />
Alternatives for emergency situations. These alternatives have been in place for 5<br />
years and many valuable insights have been gained in their use, design and location<br />
underground. This paper will conduct a preliminary survey of refuge chamber<br />
use in the coalfield and lessons learned by coal companies and give some general<br />
consensus guidelines for the practical use of Refuge Chambers.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Innovations In Cryogenic Breathing Technologies<br />
C. Blalock; BCS Life Support, LLC, DeLand, FL<br />
For a number of years the state-of-the-art for breathing technology in mine rescue,<br />
and self-rescue has been open-circuit compressed air, or closed circuit rebreathers.<br />
While there have been improvements made to these devices, there are<br />
still significant limitations, mostly concerning heat, and duration. The advent of<br />
the refuge alternative echoed the same limitations, and then some. Limited space<br />
for air supply systems forced the use of compressed oxygen, introducing a new set<br />
of hazards. And, heat elimination is still a nagging problem. The use of cryogenic<br />
liquid air has long been seen by some as a pie-in-the-sky solution to many<br />
of these issues. In fact, NASA has been using liquid air for decades, but for a few<br />
nagging technical issues, LAir has not been adopted for widespread use. Recent<br />
developments have begged a new look at Cryogenic Life Support, triggering a<br />
joint research project between NASA and NIOSH to develop these innovations.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
coal & energy:<br />
Surface Mining II<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
G. Buchan, Alpha Natural Resources, Waynesburg, PA<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Fatigue Failure Modeling of Cable Shovel Dipper<br />
M. Raza 1 and S. Frimpong 2 ; 1 Mining Engineering Dept., Missouri<br />
S&T, Rolla, MO and 2 Mining Engineering Dept., Missouri S&T,<br />
Rolla, MO<br />
Cable shovels are the primary excavation units for many surface mining operations.<br />
Modern cable shovels can scoop 100+ tons per pass. During the excavation<br />
operation the shovel front-end assembly is subjected to considerable stresses resulting<br />
in stress loading and failure. Further, the repeated loading and unloading<br />
cycles cause the fatigue failure in cable shovel components, specially the frontend<br />
components (i.e. teeth, dipper-n-teeth assembly, and dipper). The stress and<br />
fatigue failure of shovel components result in reduced efficiency, increased downtime,<br />
and higher operating costs for the shovel. This research, after modeling the<br />
stress loading of the shovel, models the fatigue behavior and crack propagation<br />
life of the cable shovel dippe. The fatigue behavior is modeled in MSC<br />
ADAMS/FATIGUE software and the fatigue-life for different crack lengths, at<br />
the critical parts of the dipper, is estimated for dipper. The research is critical to<br />
enhance the health and longevity of the cable-shovel and is expected to contribute<br />
towards better understanding of the shovel failure, resulting in improved<br />
economic lives of the front-end components.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
The Economic and Technical Aspects of Material Handling<br />
Methods in Taft Copper Project<br />
B. Asi; Mining Industry, Kavoshgaran Consulting Engineers Co.,<br />
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran<br />
Focusing on reducing costs by providing the best solutions and increasing the<br />
production rate with the most advanced automation techniques will get a high<br />
profitable operation. Taft Copper Complex is located in Yazd province,IRAN.<br />
TCP consists of two copper mines are about 11km apart, concentrator plant and<br />
leaching plant. Plants feed will be supplied from both deposits. In this research<br />
handling methods and their synthesis in a handling system of TCP for transporting<br />
the crushed ore from mines to concentrator plant have been assessed. Then<br />
engineering and economical calculations of a material flow have been done. The<br />
conceptual design for alternative handling systems has been done. The costs for<br />
alternative systems have been compared to those developed for traditional methods.<br />
Consequently the best practical technology to move the material has been<br />
chosen. After analyzing truck versus belt haulage, it has been shown turning to<br />
overland belt conveyor systems are more profitable. The results show belt haulage<br />
equipment, maintenance and power costs are lower, ton-for-ton, than other methods<br />
of moving bulk materials.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Green Field Project Surface Coal Mine in Mississippi<br />
V. Lund, M. Jones and D. Bogunovic; North American Coal<br />
Corporation Liberty Mine, Bailey, MS<br />
Over the past 15 years, the challenges facing the mining industry have changed<br />
significantly. North American Coal developed a green field lignite surface mine<br />
in central Mississippi in the late 1990’s and is currently in the process of developing<br />
its second greenfield operation in south-eastern Mississippi. This newest operation<br />
is currently in the first year of development and is scheduled to go into<br />
production in the third quarter of 2013. This paper highlights the challenges and<br />
differences mine management encountered throughout the development phase of<br />
the mine and the expected pressures of a new surface lignite mine.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
111<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Framework for Stochastic Modeling of Dragline Energy Efficiency<br />
M. Abdi Oskouei and K. Awuah-Offei; Missouri University of<br />
Science & Technology, Rolla, MO<br />
Draglines are the main energy consumers in strip mines. Given the growing cost<br />
of energy and environmental concerns, it is important to properly understand<br />
dragline energy efficiency. The goal of current research at Missouri University of<br />
Science & Technology is to account for operator practice and operating conditions<br />
in modeling dragline energy efficiency. This paper presents preliminary correlation<br />
analysis and a framework for stochastic modeling. Thirteen operating parameters<br />
(including cycle times, payload, swing angle, and height of dump pile),<br />
operator working schedules, operating conditions, and drag, hoist, and swing energies<br />
were monitored for a 78 yd3 dragline. After assessing the relation between<br />
these parameters and the energy consumption by correlation analysis, a stochastic<br />
modeling framework has been proposed for dragline energy efficiency. The<br />
completed model will help the coal mines better predict energy consumption,<br />
with uncertainty, for different operating conditions.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
environmental:<br />
Mine remediation<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
K. Muenchow, US Forest Service, Golden, CO<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Evaluation of Materials and Technologies Used in Mine Shafts<br />
Reclamation in Former Uranium Ore Mines in Eastern Germany –<br />
Development of a Technical Guideline<br />
H. Mischo and F. Schreiter; Dept. of Mining Engineering, Technical<br />
University Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany<br />
The Ore Mountains in Germany have a history of more than 850 years of underground<br />
mining activities.This has created a situation where thousands of old<br />
mine shafts and addits are due for rehabilitation.While no rehabilitation was executed<br />
in previous centuries, those abandoned mine sites which are dating back to<br />
the uranium mining boom from 1945 to 1962 were rehabilitated immediatly after<br />
mine closure according to then state-of-the art technology. Over the years it became<br />
obvious that most of these sites are not long-term stable and thus it became<br />
necessary to rehabilitate them a second time. TU BA Freiberg is carrying out a research<br />
project on the optimisatiuon of this process. 70 mine site rehabilitation<br />
projects, the technology and the materials used have been assessed. Based on the<br />
outcomes of this assessment a technical guideline for future rehabilitation projects<br />
is under developpment with the goal to make it easier, faster and more economical<br />
to select and apply suitable designs and construction materials for dams,<br />
plugs and other rehabiltation structures in former uranium mines.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Consideration of Bioavailability in Assessing Sediment<br />
Metal Toxicity<br />
P. Paquin 1 , S. Becker 2 , R. Cardwell 3 and R. Santore 4 ; 1 HDR | Hydro-<br />
Qual, Mahwah, NJ; 2 Integral Consulting, Seattle, WA; 3 Cardwell<br />
Consulting, Redmond, WA and 4 HDR|HydroQual, Syracuse, NY<br />
The presence of elevated metal levels in sediments does not always result in adverse<br />
effects on benthic organisms because the chemical form of the metal will influence<br />
its bioavailability and toxicity. Important bioavailability concepts are described<br />
and illustrated by a case study involving a 150-mile reach of the upper<br />
Columbia River. Sediments at this site have been influenced by a variety of anthropogenic<br />
sources (e.g., mining-related operations). Elevated levels of cadmium,<br />
copper, lead, and zinc, are present. Investigation efforts to date include detailed<br />
chemical characterization and standard toxicity tests with 50 sediment<br />
samples. An analysis of these sediment chemistry and toxicity data will be presented<br />
to illustrate how bioavailability considerations may be used to inform an<br />
assessment of the potential for effects of divalent metals. Organism responses are<br />
compared to equilibrium-partitioning sediment benchmarks (ESBs). Consistency<br />
of absence or presence of lethal and sublethal effects with alternative ESB indices<br />
illustrates that elevated sediment metal levels alone are not reliable indicators of<br />
toxicity and that bioavailability should be considered.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Restoration at a Former Smelter: Minimizing<br />
Long-term Stewardship<br />
J. Horst 1 , G. Leone 2 , K. Smith 3 , S. Brown 4 and A. Fogg 5 ; 1 ARCADIS,<br />
Newtown, PA; 2 ARCADIS, Denver, CO; 3 ARCADIS, Helena, MT;<br />
4<br />
ARCADIS, Phoenix, AZ and 5 ARCADIS, El Paso, TX<br />
Restoration is currently underway for a former lead and copper smelter that operated<br />
from approximately 1887 until 1999. As a result of the 100+ year history<br />
of operation, groundwater across most of the site footprint is impacted primarily<br />
with arsenic, with the highest concentrations and majority of groundwater flow<br />
both focused along former (now buried) arroyos. These features represent the<br />
greatest contribution of contaminant mass flux toward off site receptors, and are<br />
the key to an integrated strategy for restoration that not only protects human<br />
health and the environment but drives the site to an endpoint that can be sustained<br />
by a minimal level of stewardship. This presentation will explain how this<br />
is being pursued by shifting from concentration based compliance to sufficient<br />
mitigation of contaminant flux to be protective of receptors, as an alternative to<br />
containment via a physical barrier and perpetual pumping.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
An Evaluation of Geosynthetics in Engineered Cover Systems for<br />
Mine Waste Rock and Tailings<br />
M. Smith 1 and C. Athanassopoulos 2 ; 1 RRD International, Incline<br />
Village, NV and 2 CETCO, Hoffman Estates, IL<br />
Although geosynthetic materials have been commonly used in final cover systems<br />
at solid waste landfill facilities for more than 30 years, they have seen much<br />
less use in engineered cover systems for mine waste rock and tailings closures.<br />
This paper will discuss possible reasons for this, including regulatory drivers,<br />
concerns over cost and longevity, as well as perceived benefits of soil-only covers.<br />
A literature review detailing the field performance (i.e., surface water infiltration<br />
and oxygen diffusion) of different types of cover systems will also be presented.<br />
Actual field data from sites in various climates will be used to<br />
recommend practical upper precipitation limits for store and release soil covers.<br />
Finally, this paper will present a net present value (NPV) cost evaluation of various<br />
types of cover systems for mine closures. The NPV analysis will include not<br />
only capital costs but also long-term acid rock drainage (ARD) management<br />
costs, using cost data and ARD volumes from an actual mine closure project located<br />
in a temperate climate.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
The Path from Smelter to Redevelopment Site:<br />
Re-evaluating the Remedy<br />
A. Fogg and S. Brown; ARCADIS/Malcolm Pirnie, El Paso, TX<br />
A case study will be present on the initial remedial activities currently underway<br />
for a former copper and lead smelter that operated for over 100 years. As part of<br />
the transition from a smelter site to redevelopment site the initially proposed remedial<br />
alternatives have been re-evaluated to take into account the reduced onsite<br />
facilities and make the remediation less energy intensive with fewer long-term operations<br />
and maintenance actions. Initial remedial activities and data gaps are focusing<br />
on determining the key sources for soil and groundwater contamination.<br />
Initial activities are focusing on the key areas that affect groundwater concentrations.<br />
To date approximately 330,000 tons of slag and 300,000 tons of soil have<br />
been excavated as part of the activities. The overall remedy will be a combination<br />
of soil removals, soil capping and insitu groundwater remedies. Key to the overall<br />
success of the project has been the development and communication with the<br />
community, key stakeholders, and regulatory agencies.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
112<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
environmental:<br />
Waste Management<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: A. Simard, Golder Associates Inc., Lansing, MI<br />
B. Reisinger, CH2MHill, Englewood, CO<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Cemented Tailings Backfill – Its Better, Now Prove it!<br />
P. Moran 1 , J. Gillow 2 and L. Christoffersen 3 ; 1 ARCADIS U.S., Inc.,<br />
Highlands Ranch, CO; 2 ARCADIS U.S., Inc., Highlands Ranch, CO<br />
and 3 ARCADIS U.S., Inc., Highlands Ranch, CO<br />
Although cemented tailings backfill is utilized at underground mining operations<br />
around the world, there is limited guidance for appropriate geochemical characterization<br />
methodologies and associated evaluation of post-closure mine water<br />
quality. As a result, various approaches to simulating the leaching behavior of cemented<br />
tailings backfill have been used, including some methods that are unlikely<br />
to represent accelerated weathering under site-relevant conditions. Recently, efforts<br />
to standardize the methods used to characterize backfill leachate quality<br />
have included a modification of ASTM Standard Method C1308-08, which was<br />
initially developed to assess constituent release rates from solid nuclear waste.<br />
This paper provides an overview of the test methods that have been utilized in the<br />
past and describes the ASTM Standard Method C1308-08 and associated modifications.<br />
Site-specific information that should be taken into consideration prior to<br />
initiating testing is described, including key variables such as cylinder preparation,<br />
test conditions, and the analytical suite.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Physical Model Testing and Mix Design for Surface Paste Disposal<br />
of Lead-zinc Mine Tailings<br />
A. Bascetin, S. Tuylu, D. Adiguzel and I. Binen; Mining Engineering,<br />
Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey<br />
Fine-grained tailings resulting from mining activities are an important environmental<br />
concern. The conventional methods for disposal of mine tailings have<br />
some environmental difficulties. Various methods have been developed for the solution<br />
to this problem. One of the methods is the paste technology. In this method,<br />
the environmental damages caused by the hazardous chemicals and tailings generated<br />
during mining activities can be prevented. Tailings are usually sent back to<br />
underground as paste backfill at the underground metal mining facilities, but usually<br />
the amount of the tailings are relatively large when compared to the volume<br />
of the underground cavities, thus its not always possible to dispose all of the tailings<br />
underground. For this reason, a portion of the tailings must be stored above<br />
the ground. To achieve a stable and environmentally friendly surface disposal system<br />
some studies are need to be conducted. First, field conditions should be simulated<br />
in laboratory environment to determine the proper disposal configuration. In<br />
this paper, the physical model and the contents for optimum mix design for the<br />
tailings obtained from a Lead-Zinc Mine in Balya, Turkey are shown.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Dust Emissions From an Mine Tailing Impoundment Due to Dry<br />
Freeze Conditions: Generation and Control<br />
S. Vitton 1 , E. Seagrin 1 and T. Oommen 2 ; 1 Civil & Environmental<br />
Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI and<br />
2<br />
Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan<br />
Technological University, Houghton, MI<br />
A significant amount of dust emissions from mine tailings impoundments occur<br />
during dry times in the summer. In northern climates, however, significant dust<br />
events also occur in the fall time of the year due to freezing events. The event is<br />
generally referred to as a dry freeze event and occurs after a night in which the<br />
tailings have frozen. During the night, however, the freezing process concentrates<br />
the near surface water into ice lenses due to capillary action in the silt size material.<br />
In the morning as temperatures raise above the freezing point of water, the<br />
water in the ice lenses sublimate into a gas leaving mine tailings above (generally)<br />
a frozen sub-layer and highly susceptible to dusting. Significant dusting events<br />
have been documented. This paper will address research conducted at quantifying<br />
the effects of dust generation from dry freeze events as well as control strategies.<br />
Traditional dust control methods will be discusses as well as new program<br />
investigating using microbes to control dust.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Environmental Geochemistry of Revett Cu-Ag Deposits,<br />
N.W. Montana<br />
L. Kirk; Enviromin, Inc., Bozeman, MT<br />
Two geochemically analogous stratabound Cu-Ag deposits, known as Rock<br />
Creek-Montanore and Troy, are hosted within the Proterozoic Revett Formation<br />
in N.W. Montana. Production is ongoing at Troy and NEPA analyses are again<br />
underway for proposed operations at Rock Creek and Montanore, which have<br />
been the focus of development efforts for over 20 years. Various methods have<br />
characterized the environmental geochemistry of these deposits over time, results<br />
of which have been compared between the deposits and with full scale geochemical<br />
analogs at Troy. Rock to be mined from the Lower Revett at Rock<br />
Creek and Montanore has highly consistent lithologic and mineralogic characteristics<br />
that are very similar to the Upper Revett zone mined at Troy, where no<br />
ARD is observed. The primary ore minerals at Troy and Rock Creek-<br />
Montanore, chalcocite (Cu5FeS4), bornite (Cu2S), digenite (Cu2-xS), and covellite<br />
(CuS), are encapsulated in quartzite and are non-acid generating. This presentation<br />
will discuss the challenges of mining historical data and the use of field<br />
scale geochemical analogs for prediction of future water quality within a basinwide<br />
geochemical model.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Mining Waste Treatment Technology Selection A Web Based<br />
Approach for Remediating Mine Sites<br />
P. Eger 1 , C. Baysinger 2 and S. Hill 3 ; 1 Global Minerals Engineering,<br />
Hibbing, MN; 2 Missouri Dept. of Health and Senior Services,<br />
Jefferson City, MO and 3 RegTech, Nampa, ID<br />
Historic mining practices and the lack of mineland reclamation have led to sites<br />
with significant environmental and human health issues. Typical remedial solutions<br />
are often lengthy and expensive, and are unacceptable to the mining community,<br />
the regulatory community and to the public. Innovative approaches and<br />
technologies need to be developed and implemented that solve environmental issues<br />
and remove existing regulatory barriers. The Interstate Technology and<br />
Regulatory Council (ITRC) is a state-led, national coalition helping regulatory<br />
agencies, site owners, and technology developers and vendors achieve better environmental<br />
protection through the use of innovative technologies. The ITRC<br />
mine waste has produced a web based guidance to help select technologies that<br />
address a wide variety of mine waste issues. The guidance contains decision<br />
trees, technology overviews, case studies (59), and identifies regulatory challenges.<br />
The decision trees guide users to a set of treatment technologies, which<br />
are described in a technology overview. Each overview includes information to<br />
help users decide how well the technology may fit their particular site and remedial/reclamation<br />
goals.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
NORM-TENORM Waste Management Issues<br />
T. Wood; Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc., Centennial, CO<br />
NORM-TENORM issues related to scale in water pipe have been a concern.<br />
The disposal of waste metals has often included recycling and resale of scrap<br />
metal for reuse. The occurence of scale or residual minerals that may have inadvertantly<br />
concentrated naturally occuring radioactive trace minerals can be classified<br />
as NORM or TENORM depending on the State involved. Disposal of low<br />
levels of waste form mining operations can be challenging and involved many<br />
different regulatory issues. This paper will review the general issues related to<br />
this problem anbd will outline a case study from a specific operating mine.<br />
(Details pending approval.)<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
113<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Flotation III<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: T. Olson, FLSmidth Minerals, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
S. Miskovic, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Effect of Regrinding Chemistry and Particle Breakage Mechanisms<br />
on Fine Particle Flotation<br />
X. Chen 2 , Y. Peng 1 and D. Bradshaw 2 ; 1 School of Chemical Engineering,<br />
The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia and<br />
2<br />
JKMRC, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia<br />
In this study, the effect of regrinding on the flotation of fine chalcopyrite and its<br />
selectivity against pyrite has been studied. Different grinding media, including<br />
mild steel, stainless steel and ceramic beads, are used, which produced different<br />
regrinding chemistry, such as, pH, Eh, and iron hydroxide contamination. Their<br />
effect on chalcopyrite and pyrite flotation behaviour is studied by using surface<br />
analysis techniques. In addition, different mills are being used for regrinding to<br />
provide different particle breakage mechanisms. So the role of different particle<br />
breakage mechanisms on the flotation of chalcopyrite and its separation from<br />
pyrite is investigated as well.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
XPS Studies of Surface Chemistry on Chalcopyrite-molybdenite<br />
Separation by Flotation<br />
E. Blanco 1 and X. Zhang 2 ; 1 Research-Labs, FLSmidth, West Jordan,<br />
UT and 2 Metallurgy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT<br />
FLSmidth are currently developing studies of surface chemistry on Cu-Mo separation<br />
by Flotation. Flotation recovery was studied as a function of electrochemical<br />
potential, pH, percentage of solids, as main parameters. Then, an improvement<br />
in devising flotation strategies has been achieved through the XPS surface<br />
analysis to understand layers formation in the effective chalcopyrite depression.<br />
A recovery of > 96% of the Molybdenum in the bulk Cu/Mo concentrate was obtained<br />
in the bench scale laboratory. <strong>Preliminary</strong> XPS results indicate that adsorption<br />
of collector at chalcopyrite surface may happen with addition of depressants.<br />
In the presence of depressants, an oxidation layer might form. The<br />
mechanism of this process may be that bivalent sulfur is transformed into hexavalent<br />
sulfur which will hydrolyze the primary Cu reagents with evolution of H2S<br />
at low pH values. Hydrolysis of SH- ions from collectors permits adsorption and<br />
in changing the surface chemistry using sulf-hydrates depressants the collector<br />
kept off the mineral surface. Effectiveness of conditioning parameters allows save<br />
the numbers of cleaning step on the Cu/Mo separation metallurgical process.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Investigations on Recovery of Hematite From Two Different<br />
Banded Iron Ores by Flotation<br />
B. Das and B. Mishra; Mineral Processing, CSIR-Institute of Minerals<br />
and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India<br />
Hematite floatability from banded hematite quartzite (BHQ) and banded<br />
hematite jasper (BHJ) using fatty acids and amine as the collectors is investigated<br />
under identical physico-chemical conditions. While the hematite present in BHQ<br />
ore is easy to float using both the collectors, jasper present in BHJ poses different<br />
problems. It forms a fine coating over the hematite surface during the process of<br />
grinding, hence collector ions do not adsorb specifically on hematite surfaces.<br />
This is substantiated by scanning electron microscopy of the two ores indicating<br />
the inclusions of dusty particles over hematite in BHJ ore. The other difference<br />
between the two ores is that quartz grains are coarser and liberated below 100 micron<br />
in case of BHQ compared to BHJ ore. The FTIR study indicated that oleatehematite<br />
or amine-quartz affinity in the BHQ ore is stronger than that of the BHJ<br />
ore. Under the circumstances, it was possible to achieve a concentrate containing<br />
~64% Fe with ~67% recovery from a BHQ ore using both the collectors from a<br />
feed containing around 38% Fe. On the other hand, the hematite concentration in<br />
BHJ ore was poor.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Applying an AFM in the Study of the Adsorption of Xanthate<br />
on Arsenopyrite<br />
J. Zhang and W. Zhang; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ<br />
The adsorption of xanthate on arsenopyrite surface in solutions has been studied<br />
by applying an atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM images show that the collectors<br />
adsorb on arsenopyrite surface in patches at pH 6. The adsorption density<br />
of the patches on mineral surface increases with the chemical dosage increasing.<br />
The increased probe-arsenopyrite adhesion measured in PAX solutions at pH 6 is<br />
attributed to the adsorption of the patches, suggesting the hydrophobic nature of<br />
the patches, which is likely the oily dixanthogen. At a high pH with the addition<br />
of Ca(OH)2, the adsorption of xanthate on arsenopyrite is greatly depressed because<br />
the mineral surface is coated by a lot of precipitates, which is hydrophilic in<br />
nature as shown by the measured strong repulsive probe-arsenopyrite detachment<br />
force. The findings obtained with the AFM study show that the flotation behavior<br />
of arsenopyrite in xanthate solutions is similar to that of pyrite.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Characterising the Reducing Power of a Sulphide Ore With X-ray<br />
Photoelectron Spectroscopy Technique: A Case Study<br />
G. Montes Atenas; Dept. of Mining Engineering, University of Chile,<br />
Santiago, Chile<br />
Throughout the years, froth flotation research studies carried out at laboratory<br />
scale have acknowledged the significance of surface chemistry phenomena on<br />
the performance of the selective separation. Many techniques, and notably, scanning<br />
electron microscope (SEM)-based technologies have revolutionised the entire<br />
mineral processing industry. Nevertheless, the comprehensive understanding<br />
on how surface chemistry affects the flotation performance is still a matter of<br />
controversy. The aim of this research work is to apply the X-ray photoelectron<br />
spectroscopy (XPS) technique to a sulphide ore at cleaning stages. Special attention<br />
was made to design a protocol for sample preparation preserving the particles<br />
surface as much as possible enabling to extract relevant data from the XPS<br />
analysis. The XPS analysis of the in-situ-fully oxidised ore particles and that of<br />
the original mineral species in the ore were used as the references to analyse spectra<br />
obtained with the ore at cleaning stage. The XPS results showed good reproducibility<br />
with regards to the reducing power of the ore computed using the O1s<br />
line. The activation of pyrite mineral present in the ore is also discussed.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Modification of Froth Properties in Iron Ore Flotation<br />
J. Gustafsson; Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry AB,<br />
Stenungsund, Sweden<br />
Flotation is used for beneficiation of iron ore. The gangue minerals are removed<br />
by reverse flotation. The common practice is to use cationic collectors, such as<br />
etherdiamines, for removal of silicates, especially from magnetite ores. The froth<br />
phase which contains the gangue is often voluminous and stable. This creates<br />
problem in the process, especially when the froth phase should be further<br />
processed to improve the iron recovery. The froth properties are affected by the<br />
chemistry of the collector, the water quality and also by particle size and shape of<br />
floated minerals. To evaluate froth properties in laboratory scale Akzo Nobel<br />
Surface Chemistry measures froth formation and stability in addition to performing<br />
traditional flotation tests. The result of these combined measurements gives<br />
improved knowledge about froth properties for different cases of magnetite flotation<br />
and collector chemistries. Furthermore, the aim is to also reduce problems<br />
with froth properties upon scaling up of laboratory procedures. This improves our<br />
ability of taking froth characteristics into account when tailor-making collectors.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
New Methodology Enables Improved Evaluation<br />
of Flotation Collectors<br />
B. Cousins 1 , J. Phillips 2 and D. Salpeter 3 ; 1 Ashland Water Technologies,<br />
Calgary, AB, Canada; 2 Ashland Water Technologies, Bridgeport,<br />
WV and 3 State University of New York, Syracuse, NY<br />
Flotation reagents are critical to the optimum performance of flotation circuits.<br />
How a flotation reagent performs in the first few cells is a key indicator of how<br />
well it will perform throughout the circuit. A method to compare reagent performance<br />
has recently been developed by Ashland Water Technologies. This simple<br />
procedure includes the collection of a timed sample of concentrate from each<br />
cell and measuring the volume of the settled solids. An estimate of the percent-<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
114<br />
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TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
age of concentrate collected from each cell can then be mathematically determined,<br />
providing an understanding of the recovery changes in each cell. Data<br />
from trials at a coal flotation circuit are used to demonstrate the methods validity.<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Modeling and Simulation II<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
C. Rawlins, Montana Process Research, Butte, MT<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Multiple Criteria Approach to Model Calibration in DEM<br />
Simulation of Compaction Processes<br />
A. Sand and J. Rosenkranz; Minerals and Metals Research<br />
Laboratory, Lule University of Technology, LuleÂ, Sweden<br />
A 2-dimensional computational model based on the discrete element method<br />
(DEM) is utilized for modeling of stamp-charged coke making. In this process, a<br />
large volume of coal is compacted to one single coal cake before entering the<br />
coke oven. Cake densification and mechanical strength development are key factors<br />
for the subsequent production of a high-quality coke. An approach is introduced<br />
for model calibration utilizing multiple control parameters obtained from a<br />
laboratory-scale stamping device. Experimental data on stamper rebound amplitude,<br />
attenuation and peak force are compared with simulation output in a pairwise<br />
manner by constructing a criteria space, which allows identification of<br />
model settings best satisfying the control parameters. The calibration procedure<br />
carried out by multiple criteria comparison aided model parameter selection for<br />
reproducing stamper behavior in response to the properties of the cake subjected<br />
to compaction. This modeling and calibration procedure offers possibilities for<br />
numerically studying the densification and mechanical strength development of<br />
coal cakes. However, the approach is also more widely applicable to other compaction<br />
processes.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Validation of Tumbling Mill Charge Induced Torque as Predicted<br />
by Simulations<br />
P. JonsÈn 1 , B. PÂlsson 2 , J. Stener 2 and H. H‰ggblad 1 ; 1 Solid<br />
Mechanics, Lule University of Technology, LuleÂ, Sweden and<br />
2<br />
Minerals and Metals Research Laboratory, Lule University of<br />
Technology, LuleÂ, Sweden<br />
Understanding mill charge motion is important. Breakage of ore particles and<br />
wear of liners/ball media are closely linked to it. To study this phenomenon in a<br />
physically correct manner, numerical models for different parts of the mill system<br />
are needed. Validations of such models are scarce, because of the difficulty to<br />
measure in a tumbling mill. In it, the charge center of gravity is shifted from the<br />
rotational center of the mill system, and its motion is induced by rotation of the<br />
mill, while at the same time the charge creates a torque into the mill system.<br />
Experimental measurements in a lab mill were done for several cases: varying<br />
feed materials, mill fillings, mill speeds and pulp liquids. The mill is set up to directly<br />
measure the charge-induced torque. The repeatability is good with relative<br />
deviation approx. ±1 %. A full 3D DEM-FEM model of the whole mill is used to<br />
model the system and predict induced torque. Agreement between predicted and<br />
measured torque at steady-state is good. In addition, the model can accurately<br />
predict the mill start-up behavior for torque and mill power. This proves that the<br />
model is physically correct, and can be used for full-scale mills.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Designing New Rotors and Stators for Flotation Cells Using CFD<br />
Z. Huang 1 , B. Ranganathan 2 and T. Olson 1 ; 1 R&D, FLSmidth,<br />
Salt Lake City, Inc., Midvale, UT and 2 R&D, FLSmidth India,<br />
Chennai, India<br />
CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) has been extensively used in designing rotors<br />
and stators for FLSmidth’s next generation flotation cells. CFD simulations<br />
yield detailed information of flow field, air distribution, and particle motion that<br />
are used to characterize the hydrodynamical transport processes. Coupled with a<br />
particle-bubble collision model, CFD is also able to predict particle-bubble attachment<br />
and detachment rates in the whole flotation cell to evaluate the flotation<br />
performance. In this work, parametric studies of different rotor and stator<br />
designs for FLSmidth Dorr-Oliver forced-air flotation machines were carried out<br />
using CFD. The hydrodynamical consequences of design changes were analyzed<br />
and correlated with flotation recovery characteristics. The results were compared<br />
with lab tests and good agreement was found that led to the selection of optimal<br />
designs. CFD is seen to be an effective tool in understanding the flotation process<br />
and accelerating the designing of new flotation machines.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
GeoSOM An Improved Waste Rock Oxidation Model<br />
S. Sunkavalli, J. Kidder, K. Heatwole, D. Shier and A. Davis;<br />
Geomega Inc, Boulder, CO<br />
Acid rock drainage (ARD) is produced when sulfides are exposed to oxygen and<br />
water. Oxidation reactions typically result in a depression of pH and leaching of<br />
solutes. Many oxidation models have been developed based on oxygen diffusion,<br />
but in environments with high permeability, other transport processes (i.e., convection<br />
and advection) can play an important role. Multiple sulfide mineral<br />
phases (pyrite, arsenopyrite and marcasite, etc.) with differing oxidation rates<br />
should also be incorporated. GeoSOM, a two-dimensional, finite-difference<br />
model, was developed to account for these factors in predicting ARD. The program<br />
includes sulfide mineral oxidation using a shrinking core mechanism, heat<br />
transfer by conduction, heat of reaction, and oxygen transport by diffusion and<br />
advection. The model was validated using data from the literature. After validation,<br />
the model was applied to a waste rock facility (WRF) to assess drain-down<br />
water quality. The results demonstrate that WRF will generate 90% of the sulfate<br />
load within 500 years, with a maximum sulfate production rate of 5E+6 mg/m2-<br />
yr. The simulated temperature profiles indicate that the WRF may reach a maximum<br />
value of 70oC.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Can Real Time Mine Operations Data be Compressed Without<br />
Loss of Information?<br />
D. Arku 2 and R. Ganguli 1 ; 1 Univ. of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK<br />
and 2 Freeport McMoran, Phoenix, AZ<br />
The increased use of sensors to facilitate automation has led to an explosion of<br />
data generation. The large quantities of data have resulted in significant challenges<br />
including the inability to conduct complex analysis in a short duration.<br />
Therefore, this project explored basic aggregation as a viable alternative to<br />
amassing large amounts of data. The goal of the project was to determine if one<br />
would arrive at different conclusions had they analyzed aggregated data instead<br />
of raw data. Data from a semiautogenous grinding (SAG) mill was utilized for<br />
the project. Raw data and compressed data were put through similar analyses<br />
and their results were examined. The analyses methods included correlation between<br />
SAG inputs, auto-correlation within fields and horsepower modeling<br />
using regression and neural networks. It was found that aggregating data on 5<br />
minute or 10 minutes intervals did not result in spurious conclusions, which<br />
would allow a ten fold compression of data without harming understanding of<br />
the SAG mill process.<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing:<br />
Pyrometallurgy<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: P. Taylor, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
U. Srivastaua, Midrex TEchnologies, Charlotte, NC<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Keeping the Good Things and Throwing Out the Bad Things :<br />
Advancing Copper Smelting Technology in Search of,<br />
in Short, Perfection<br />
L. Southwick 1 and R. Yardley 2 ; 1 L.M. Southwick & Assoc.,<br />
Cincinnati, OH and 2 Baggaley Family, Yardley, PA<br />
In adapting Bessemers 1856 iron converting process to copper, many attempts<br />
were made before a perfection of sorts was obtained with the Peirce-Smith converter<br />
in 1909. Near the midpoint of this period, two sets of experiments made<br />
substantial progress along this path. In 1878-9 John Hollway in the UK in a<br />
Bessemer iron converter tried oxidizing sulfur and iron to make metallic copper.<br />
In 1881-2 Pierre Manhes in France developed a more suitable converter configuration.<br />
However it took 20 years more before Ralph Baggaley closed in on the<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
115<br />
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TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
technology that became Peirce-Smith. Baggaley in a book defending one of his<br />
patents in 1903 reviewed this period covering literature, visits to facilities, and discussions<br />
with developers, providing unique insight into how the innovation<br />
process should proceed. Today many problems occur because prior failures are<br />
little known or published, and few make a thorough, critical, skeptical and objective<br />
review of their own efforts. To not learn from past mistakes or improve upon<br />
prior art invites wasted effort and certain failure.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Extractive Metallurgy of Rhenium: A Review<br />
C. Anderson, P. Taylor and C. Anderson; Kroll Institute for Extractive<br />
Metallurgy, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO<br />
A variety of processing technologies exist for both primary and secondary<br />
sources of rhenium. Currently, there are no known primary rhenium deposits,<br />
thus, the method in which primary rhenium is produced is dependent on the industry<br />
of which it is a byproduct, i.e. copper or molybdenum. In addition, focus<br />
on the recovery of rhenium from secondary sources, such as alloy scraps and catalysts,<br />
is continually growing. This paper presents a review of both primary and<br />
secondary processing technologies for the recovery of rhenium.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Sulfide Capacities of Blast Furnace Slags<br />
R. Reddy and A. Yahya; Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,<br />
The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL<br />
The sulfide capacities of blast furnace slags using the Reddy-Blander (RB) model<br />
were calculated. The sulfide capacities of acidic and basic melts of the binary and<br />
multicomponent aluminates slag systems were predicted a-priori for a wide range<br />
of slag compositions and temperatures. The calculated capacities for these slag<br />
systems in equilibrium with iron are in good agreement with the reported experimental<br />
data. Such predictions are useful for understanding the behavior of impurities<br />
in the current and eventually future iron making processes.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Metallurgical Properties of the Extrusion Briquettes (BREX)<br />
R. Steele and A. Bizhanov; Stiff Extrusions, J.C.Steele & Sons, Inc.,<br />
Statesville, NC<br />
Our recent investigations of the Stiff-extrusion agglomeration in metallurgy and<br />
mining show clearly that this technology represents a prospective alternative to<br />
the widely used briquetting technologies based on roller and vibro pressing facilities.<br />
A set of lab-scale and full-scale industrial trials indicate that the stiff-extrusion<br />
technology can be very efficient for the agglomeration of disperse anthropogenic<br />
and natural metal containing and carbonaceous substances. This paper<br />
contains the results of the investigation of the metallurgical properties of the<br />
Extrusion briquettes (BREX). The results show that the metallurgical properties<br />
of the BREX make them a very attractive and economically sound charge component<br />
for the iron, steel and Ferro Alloys production.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Mechanical Strength of the Extrusion Briquettes (BREX)<br />
R. Steele and A. Bizhanov; Stiff Extrusions, J.C.Steele & Sons, Inc.,<br />
Statesville, NC<br />
Extrusion briquettes (BREX) exhibit a set of unique properties when comparing<br />
with known alternative briquettes. Among them the sufficiently high integrity of<br />
the brex right after the die which allows for their easy handling and stock-pilling.<br />
Another feature is represented by the length of the freshly extruded cylindrical<br />
agglomerates. Brex could be as long as up to 5-6 diameters and even longer. Stiffextrusion<br />
allows also for the very easy changing of the cross-section shape of the<br />
brex. The paper contains the results of the physical and mathematical simulations<br />
(based on the finite elements simulation) of the length and shape influence<br />
on the mechanical strength of the brex. We have also investigated the relations<br />
between compressive and tensile splitting strength values of the brex, the mechanism<br />
of the brex destruction.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Reduction of Blast Furnace Grade Pellets in Midrex DR<br />
Shaft Furnace<br />
U. Srivastava and T. Battle; Research and Development, Midrex<br />
Technologies, Pineville, NC<br />
Iron oxide pellet specifications for direct reduction require a gangue content considerably<br />
less than is acceptable for typical blast furnace pellets. This restriction is<br />
not due to issues within the DR shaft furnace itself, but rather the needs of the<br />
typical customer for the DRI product, the Electric Arc Furnace. If one of the<br />
DRI products (cold DRI, hot DRI, or HBI) is intended, on the other hand, for a<br />
blast furnace or basic oxygen furnace, these compositional restrictions are no<br />
longer valid. In that case, lower-grade iron oxide pellets can be converted to DRI<br />
or HBI at a lower cost, but still be of value to the customer. In this study, bench<br />
scale reduction tests were conducted with blast furnace grade iron oxide pellets,<br />
simulating the Midrex DR Shaft furnace process. The reduced pellets were<br />
heated to 700∞C and hot DRI briquettes of compressive strength above 800daN<br />
were produced. These briquettes were further tested for different physical and<br />
chemical characteristics.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
Investigation of the Dust Generation Mechanism of Sintered<br />
Magnetite Pellets by a Novel Dust Tower<br />
O. Sivrikaya 1 and A. Arol 2 ; 1 Mining Engineering, Selcuk Univeristy,<br />
Konya, Turkey and 2 Mining Engineering, Middle East Technical<br />
University, Antara, Turkey<br />
Iron ore pellets should have sufficient strengths against degradation. Beside the<br />
strength, pellets should have less dust emission during operation since the efficiency<br />
and equipment are adversely affected by dust. Sufficient strength and low<br />
dust emission of pellets are necessary for better transportation, operation and<br />
handling. Dust emission mechanism of sintered pellets produced with different<br />
binders was comparatively studied. The results showed that the dust is not produced<br />
due to the breakdown of sufficiently strong sintered pellets. One of the reasons<br />
behind dust generation is the roughness of the pellet surfaces. The rough<br />
surface generates dust under attrition and impact forces during transportation<br />
and loading. The surface smoothness is more important since the pellets with<br />
high strength and rough surfaces produced much dust than those of with smooth<br />
surfaces and low strength. Half of the fines generated from the sintered pellets becomes<br />
airborne and can be considered as loss and environmental problem. The<br />
percentage of particulate matter (PM10) which is significant in health risk found<br />
between 30% and 40% by weight of airborne dust of sintered pellets.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Geology: Water Management in<br />
exploration, Mining, and Milling Systems<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chair:<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
P. Dolph, Schlumberger Water Services, Denver, CO<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Water Balance for Pre-feasibility Evaluations<br />
D. Hoekstra; Schlumberger Water Services, Denver, CO<br />
This presentation describes the development and refinement of a site-wide water<br />
balance model for a pre-feasibility study being performed for a gold-silver project<br />
in Mexico. The project incorporates mine site disposal of dewatered tailings and<br />
off-site processing of sulfide concentrate. Water supply for mine operations presents<br />
a significant challenge, and alternatives were developed that source water<br />
from runoff stored in on-site water storage dams and/or purchased from a<br />
nearby agricultural reservoir and piped to the mine-site. The water balance includes<br />
all the major mine components and evaluates the performance of the entire<br />
system, including quantifying the peak demands and makeup requirements,<br />
determining seasonal availability of local water sources, and understanding the<br />
utilization of the water storage facilities. The model allows the mine planners to<br />
look at the complex interactions between the water use and water supply in the<br />
project. As a result, it revealed supply/demand synergies where none had been<br />
anticipated and has been able to eliminate or push back the construction of several<br />
very large project components.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
116<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Investigation of Pit Slope Depressurisation for an Open Pit Iron<br />
Ore Mine in the Pilbara, Western Australia<br />
A. Dodman, G. Beale and J. Rodriguez Casanova; Schlumberger<br />
Water Services, Perth, WA, Australia<br />
Iron Ore mining operations in the Pilbara region of Western Australia are currently<br />
undergoing unprecedented growth. Expansion of active open-cut mines<br />
and development of new deposits below the pre-mining water table, present significant<br />
challenges in terms of general mine dewatering and pit slope depressurisation.<br />
This paper presents a case study of a staged hydrogeological study for a<br />
large high wall at an active iron ore mine in the Pilbara. The bulk stratigraphy is<br />
structurally complex, defined by alternating banded iron formation (BIF) and<br />
shale macro-band sequences, with a saturated low permeability footwall shale<br />
and potential hydraulic connectivity between the local ore body groundwater<br />
system and a regional dolomite aquifer. Installed vibrating wire piezometers<br />
(VWPs) show a strong response to pumping within the mineralised BIF. In contrast,<br />
high pore pressures prevail within the deep shale units. The study demonstrates<br />
the importance of integration between hydrogeological and geotechnical<br />
programs to provide adequate planning for the design and implementation of<br />
dewatering and slope depressurisation systems, and presents key learning outcomes<br />
for similar environments.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Measurement of Inflow to Underground Mines for Water Balance<br />
and Operational Mine Water Management<br />
L. Cope; SRK Consulting Inc., Fort Collins, CO<br />
Integral to developing a mine water balance is the need to accurately measure the<br />
variety of flows that can occur in an underground operation. Groundwater inflow<br />
to an underground mine can be complex, and if not done carefully, can result<br />
in overestimates of flow by redundant measurements or under estimates by<br />
missing flow. Further, a flow measurement system, if not carefully conceived can<br />
fail to provide the information that can drive decisions about mixing or segregating<br />
water for discharge, treatment, or process makeup. With clear objectives to<br />
quantifying specific areas of inflow and the locations of mixed and un-mixed waters,<br />
an investigator can identify sources of water using water chemistry and precipitation<br />
pulses. With care, inflows can be identified as sourced by rapid<br />
recharge from the surface, or by inflows from mineralized, mining impacted, and<br />
un-mineralized volumes of rock. The paper presents lessons learned about the<br />
relative strengths and weaknesses of a variety of measurement methods, and describes<br />
design and installation techniques that can maximize value of the data<br />
collected. Data are presented that illustrate effective measurement techniques.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Use of High Efficiency Electrical Submersible Pumps for Large<br />
Scale Mine Dewatering<br />
K. Lang 1 and M. Hartmann 2 ; 1 Schlumberger, Denver, CO and<br />
2<br />
Schlumberger, Denver, CO<br />
A case study is presented that highlights the successful use of high efficiency electrical<br />
submersible pumps (ESPs) adapted from the oil and gas industry for a large<br />
scale, open pit mine dewatering operation. In this case, Goldcorps PeÒasquito<br />
Mine, PeÒasco and Chile Colorado open pit developments in Zacatecas, Mexico.<br />
Specific advantages associated with the use of ESPs for mine dewatering operations<br />
are provided. At the time of publication there were 18 vertical bedrock dewatering<br />
wells producing an average flow rate of 350 liters per second (lps) at the<br />
PeÒasco and Chile Colorado open pit developments. Average pumping rate per<br />
well was 18 lps, with a maximum of 44 lps. The depth of wells varies from 330 to<br />
800 meters, and includes both in-pit and ex-pit pumping centers. A network of 50<br />
piezometers, was used to monitor the response of groundwater levels to pumping.<br />
Since dewatering operations were initiated in 2007, groundwater elevations<br />
decreased overall, from approximately 1950 meters above sea level (masl) to<br />
around 1625 masl, for a total of 340 meters of drawdown. The pit floor elevation<br />
was approximately 1655 masl.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Numeric Nutrient Criteria (NNC) How Will It Affect the<br />
Phosphate Industry in Florida?<br />
S. Bandy; Mosaic, Lithia, FL<br />
In December 2010, as a part of the consent decree, EPA published its rule for numeric<br />
nutrient standards for lakes, flowing waters, and springs within Florida.<br />
The rule was immediately challenged by various entities including the State of<br />
Florida. On June 13, 2012, FDEP submitted the State NNC rule as an alternative<br />
and requested EPA to adopt it in place of the federal rule. EPA, in its initial response,<br />
recognized that states have the primary role in establishing/implementing<br />
water quality standards, and indicated that EPA is prepared to withdraw the<br />
federal inland standards if FDEP adopts, and EPA approves, the state approach.<br />
Numeric nutrient standards will have profound impact on Floridas phosphate industry.<br />
This paper provides a brief history of the rule making, highlights the complexities<br />
due to numerous legal challenges against the EPA rule, and illustrates<br />
the state approach for implementing numeric standards. The paper also addresses<br />
the challenges likely to be faced by the industry to maintain compliance with the<br />
NNC requirements, and discusses available strategies for existing NPDES outfalls,<br />
as well as potential challenges associated with permitting new outfalls.<br />
chair:<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
Management: construction/Startup<br />
Project Management<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
J. Robertson, Hatch, Scottsdale, AZ<br />
2:05 PM<br />
NIMBYs and the Politics of the Permitting Process<br />
D. Copeland; Calvert Street Group, Nashville, TN<br />
When seeking a new mining permit, the Not In My Back Yard (NIMBY) crowd<br />
can derail the best-laid plans. Managing local politics can help secure necessary<br />
permits. This presentation is designed to highlight real-world community and public<br />
relations techniques to overcome permitting challenges. We will focus on opportunities<br />
applicable to landowners, companies, developers, and operators of any<br />
size. Mining companies have a good story to tell, yet they can be vilified during the<br />
permitting process. They provide resources, create jobs, and drive the local economy.<br />
Yet there will always be vocal critics. How can effective public relations, outreach,<br />
and education overcome negative attitudes and minimize opposition?<br />
Tactics will be based around the following: pre-empting negative information;<br />
sharing positive information and education; handling angry constituents; managing<br />
elected officials; dealing with the press; strategic sponsorships and events; and<br />
utilizing the resources around you. We will include real-world case studies of best<br />
(and worst) practices. We will close with time for Q&A and encourage attendees<br />
to discuss real-world examples of how to apply our tactics.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
The Role of the Project Management Professional<br />
During Project Start-up<br />
J. Anderson; Rider Levett Bucknall, Phoenix, AZ<br />
A construction project can rarely conclude successfully if the start-up is poorly<br />
executed. However, there can be a sense that all that is needed to achieve construction<br />
start-up is to simply issue the construction team with a Notice to<br />
Proceed. Most industry professionals understand from either their own experience<br />
or from that of their industry friends that this is nowhere near the whole<br />
story. From the perspective of a construction management professional, lessons<br />
learned from starting up complex vertical construction projects apply very well to<br />
other project types and can be used to avoid undesirable outcomes. This presentation<br />
will highlight some lessons learned and describe a systematic, project management<br />
based, approach to delivering on five key points in construction start-up,<br />
namely (1) defining the key objectives, (2) communication with the construction<br />
team, (3) client reporting (4) implementing QA/QC procedures and (5) budget<br />
and schedule management.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Construction Completion and Startup<br />
T. Erhart; Hatch, Scottsdale, AZ<br />
This presentation will cover the importance of the Construction Management<br />
team members in the early stages of the project, and how to effectively plan a<br />
project from the beginning throughout the completion and start-up of the facility.<br />
The presentation will go into the detail of how the Construction Management<br />
personnel will: Work with Commissioning in the Pre-Feasibility Phase of the<br />
project to ensure the initial construction sequencing is aligned with the commissioning<br />
of the facilities; Be involved with the project from the beginning of the<br />
Feasibility Phase to conduct site visits, prepare construction execution plans and<br />
provide input to the project team regarding site conditions; Work with<br />
Engineering to define the Construction Work Package boundaries which are the<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
117<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
basis of planning and monitoring the project through engineering, procurement<br />
and construction; Work with Commissioning to ensure that all commissioning<br />
systems are defined and prioritized accordingly in the construction schedule and<br />
monitoring systems to ensure there is a smooth transition from construction to<br />
commissioning at the appropriate time of the project.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Operations Readiness – A Critical Element of a Succesful Project<br />
U. Shinde; Hatch, Mississsauge, ON, Canada<br />
Studies have shown that start-up and ramp up performance is severely impacted<br />
by the lack of an integrated operational readiness approach. There are four prime<br />
Operational Readiness objectives required to ensure a fit for purpose operational<br />
capability is developed, in parallel with the execution of a project, a must to enable<br />
any new facility or venture to meet business plan operational targets: Critical<br />
operational business functions People with skills and knowledge to safely meet<br />
the project’s needs Equipment that safely produce at expected availability, production<br />
rate and quality levels Systems and processes to ensure production requirements<br />
meet schedules and plans This paper will look at a mining case study<br />
and show the benefits and risks involved in not using a prepared and structured<br />
approach to operational readiness, and highlight some of the typical risks.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Resolutions Copper’s Underground Exploration Project Number 10<br />
Shaft Development<br />
T. Goodell; Rio Tinto, Superior, AZ<br />
Resolution Copper Mining LLC Exploration Shaft Project,. Resolution Copper<br />
Mining LLC is developing a new mining project to access approximately 1.6 billion<br />
known tons of porphyry copper resource 7000 feet below surface and mine it<br />
by block caving methods. This project will require approximately $5 billion to<br />
commence production in 2022 and take seven years to ramp up to full production<br />
of 120 thousand tonnes per day. This paper discusses the project start up and the<br />
sinking of the first of six 7000 foot deep shafts required to access this world class<br />
orebody. Resolutions twenty eight foot diameter Number 10 shaft is currently<br />
6000 feet deep and scheduled to reach full depth later this year. Resolutions sinking<br />
contractor, Cementation USA uses state of the art conventional sinking methods<br />
combined with a largely local labor force to complete this record breaking<br />
shaft. Upon completion Number 10 shaft will be the deepest shaft in the United<br />
States and the largest by volume in North America. Details of the methodology<br />
and lessons learned will be discussed in this paper.<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
operations: discovery and Innovation in<br />
underground Mining<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chairs: A. Nieto, Penn State University, University Park, PA<br />
S. Reznik, SRK Consulting, Lakewood, CO<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Applications and Calibrations of Passive Seismic Imaging in<br />
Underground Mining<br />
X. Ma and E. Westman; Mining and Mineral Engineering,<br />
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA<br />
Seismic events provide an energy perspective for analyzing rock failure in mines.<br />
Passive seismic imaging is a promising tool to get the information from seismic<br />
events and thus provides the stress distribution through velocity inversion technique<br />
— double difference tomography. We perform the double difference tomography<br />
through combining catalog phase data and cross correlation data,<br />
which is differential travel times from phase correlation of P waves, to get the<br />
more accurate relocation of seismic events and velocity model. The seismic<br />
events were relocated and the tomographic images were produced on using accurate<br />
velocity model. The stress redistribution was analyzed through comparing<br />
the change of tomography in different time scale. The tomographic results indicated<br />
that the energy level would significantly lower after the occurrence of major<br />
events, which generally have a magnitude larger than 2.5. Also, shown on the tomographic<br />
images, the stress of ore body would redistribute followed with the energy<br />
release within seismic events. The areas with high stress rock mass are located,<br />
which could be emphasized and supported to improve an overall safety in<br />
underground mining.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Underground Positioning of Mining Vehicles<br />
S. Bahrampour, J. Rostami and A. Nieto; Pennsylvania State<br />
University, University Park, PA<br />
The satellite-based global positioning system has significantly impacted the operations<br />
in surface mining in different aspects such as safety, productivity, fleet efficiency,<br />
and maintenance practices. However, no comparable positioning system<br />
exists for underground mines. In this paper, available technologies that could be<br />
adopted to underground position monitoring systems will be reviewed. In particular<br />
position monitoring of the roof bolter and the drill bit is of interest. The positioning<br />
system will be integrated with the measurement while drilling systems<br />
which are proposed for characterization of rock strata around an opening (coal<br />
mine entry, stope, or drifts). The resulting system would provide a 3D map of the<br />
roof and ribs when drilling is performed. This information can be used to analyze<br />
the suitability of the ground support design. Current paper discusses using the<br />
penetrating electromagnetic system, inertial navigation system, robotic total station,<br />
laser scanning, and MEMS technology for positioning of various mining<br />
equipment in underground environment and will evaluate the feasibility of using<br />
one of these methods for positioning of the roof bolt drilling device.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Improving Operational Efficiency at Barrick Goldstrikes<br />
Underground Division A Renewed Look at the Longhole Stope<br />
Mining Sequence<br />
G. Chancellor 1 , S. Piercey 2 , C. Dahl 4 and S. Aguirre 3 ;<br />
1<br />
Barrick Goldstrike Underground, Elko, NV; 2 Orica Mining Services,<br />
Sudbury, ON, Canada; 3 Orica Mining Services, Elko, NV and<br />
4<br />
Southwest Energy, Tucson, AZ<br />
Goldstrike U/G utilize drift and fill and longhole stoping with delayed backfill<br />
mining methods. The longhole stope mining sequence consists of drift development,<br />
longhole drilling, slot blasting/mucking, production blasting/mucking,<br />
followed by backfilling. Approximately 100 to 125 longhole stoping blocks are<br />
mined annually. Timely completion of all stoping blocks is imperative to maintaining<br />
the mining plan. Maintaining drill-hole integrity between blasts is the primary<br />
cause for delays when utilizing the multiple blast, excavation approach.<br />
Remediation efforts can range from manually cleaning holes to machine cleaning<br />
or re-drilling new holes, which can add several days of non value added work to<br />
the process. This paper describes how the Stope Mass-Blast, Value in Use (VIU)<br />
Project team from Barrick, Orica and Southwest Energy are addressing this opportunity.<br />
The Paper details the data collection, modeling, re-design process and<br />
methodology, execution as well as the quality assurance and quality control<br />
mechanisms implemented during the demonstration blasting phase of the Mass-<br />
Blast Stope Optimization Project.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Efficient Evaluation of Block Cave Footprints<br />
for a Range of Elevations<br />
A. Isabel; Caving Business Unit, Gemcom Software, Perth, WA,<br />
Australia<br />
The initial evaluation of a range of footprints and elevations of where to place a<br />
block cave extraction level can be a time consuming process. Placement of a<br />
block cave extraction level needs to take into account a wide range of inputs and<br />
constraints. Some of the most important inputs and constraints include; material<br />
flow and dilution entry, cave front sequence, mining rate, maximum cave<br />
height, mining costs, capital costs, revenue factors, and discounted cash flow.<br />
Utilizing Gemcom PCBC Footprint Finder software we have assisted mining<br />
firms to efficiently evaluate a variety of ore-bodies with a wide range of inputs<br />
and constraints. The Footprint Finder tool has been used in industry for approximately<br />
10 years. However, recent enhancements to the software include the<br />
ability to take sequencing, and therefore discounted cash flow into account<br />
when evaluating footprints and elevations. A case study from the utilization of<br />
Footprint Finder is presented to illustrate how the economic footprints were<br />
identified. Engineers can provide analysis for informed decision making, if they<br />
are able to efficiently evaluate a large number of scenarios for block cave extraction<br />
level placement.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
118<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM<br />
Mining & exploration:<br />
technology: technology applications for<br />
Safety in Mining and Mining equipment<br />
2:00 PM • Wednesday, February 27<br />
chair: S. Shields, Joy Global, Milwaukee, WI<br />
2:00 PM<br />
Introductions<br />
2:05 PM<br />
Traffic Awareness and Collision Avoidance for Surface Mining<br />
Equipment – A Case Study<br />
T. Ruff 1 and T. Medinski 2 ; 1 SAFEmine Technology USA, Oakland,<br />
CA and 2 Teck, Trail, BC, Canada<br />
A trial of the SAFEmine Traffic Awareness and Collision Avoidance System was<br />
conducted on surface mining equipment and light vehicles at Tecks Line Creek<br />
Operation in 2012. The SAFEmine system determines vehicle location and<br />
movement information using GPS, while peer-to-peer radios are used to communicate<br />
this information to surrounding vehicles. The six-week trial was designed<br />
to evaluate the effectiveness of SAFEmine for increasing operator situational<br />
awareness and providing warnings of potential collisions. The trial was split into<br />
two phases: a two-week OFF phase where alarm data was logged, but not presented<br />
to operators to establish a baseline; and a four-week ON phase to determine<br />
effectiveness, acceptance, and how operator behavior was affected by system<br />
alarms. Parameters of interest were speeding, following too close, light<br />
vehicle to heavy vehicle interactions and heavy vehicle to heavy vehicle interactions.<br />
Performance criteria were based on several factors including GPS accuracy,<br />
system reliability, effectiveness of intelligent alarming, operator acceptance, and<br />
potential site safety improvement.<br />
2:25 PM<br />
Application of Borehole Logging and Probing Systems for Ground<br />
Characterization in Mining Operations<br />
A. Naeimipour 1 , X. Yu 2 and J. Rostami 1 ; 1 EME, Penn State<br />
University, University Park, PA and 2 China University of Mining<br />
and Technology, Beijing, China<br />
Understanding the geological condition of surrounding rock in mines is the first<br />
step in recognition of potential hazards and design of the appropriate ground<br />
support system. Availability of the correct and sufficient information is the essential<br />
tool to mitigate ground control problems, but there is often limited information<br />
about the surrounding rock and the exploration borehole measures are few<br />
and far in between. Typically no one is allowed to venture into unsupported<br />
areas, thus the amount of information is naturally limited to mapping in the<br />
bolted/supported areas and to the activities that can be performed in short period<br />
of time. Meanwhile there have been vast advances in the area of ground characterization<br />
using various probing devices that could be adopted for mapping of the<br />
geological features and ground/roof/risk mapping. This paper will review the<br />
geophysical logging methods and their application in mapping the roof strata and<br />
ribs and will offer the most suitable methods and equipment for various applications.<br />
The research underway to couple borehole logging with the development<br />
of mapping while drilling approach will also be discussed.<br />
2:45 PM<br />
Operator Assist Technology for Advanced Dust & Noise Mitigation<br />
and Obstacle Avoidance in Underground Mining<br />
B. Thompson; Joy Global, Milwaukee, WI<br />
Global regulations continue to drive change in the operating environment. Key<br />
areas of focus center around dust, noise, and proximity detection. Joy has<br />
recently tested and released new systems to assist operators in meeting or exceeding<br />
these regulatory proposals. We will review testing, validation, and implementation<br />
of these new technologies in pursuit of Zero Harm.<br />
3:05 PM<br />
Engineering The Health, Safety and Comfort of Dump<br />
Truck Operators<br />
S. Frimpong and N. Aouad; Mining and Nuclear Engineering,<br />
Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO<br />
Dump truck operators are exposed to whole-body vibration (WBV) levels that exceed<br />
the ISO 2631-1 Standards. The WBV level, measured by RMS acceleration<br />
value, for operator comfort, and long-term health and safety is under 0.315 m/s2<br />
by these standards. However, fundamental research by Frimpong and Aouad<br />
(2009, 2012) and field experimental study by Kumar (1999) have shown that operators<br />
are exposed to extreme WBV levels exposing them to injuries and musculoskeletal<br />
diseases in the long term. This presentation will outline current research<br />
to solve these problems.<br />
3:25 PM<br />
Behavior and Performance Analysis Using PreVail<br />
A. Bhushan; Joy Global, Milwaukee, WI<br />
PreVail, Joy Globals Remote Health Monitoring (RHM) technology collects and<br />
screens large amounts of machines health and performance data on P&H electric<br />
shovels. The technology has proven to greatly reduce the amount of time required<br />
to determine root cause of traditionally complex and time-consuming<br />
electrical drive and control systems issues for faster resolution and return to productive<br />
operation. P&H PreVail RHM helps to optimize machine performance<br />
which in turn lead to production enhancements, maintenance optimization, and<br />
help determine and refine unsafe operating practices.<br />
3:45 PM<br />
Vehicle Situational Awareness and Mobile Mining Equipment<br />
Tracking System<br />
B. Thompson; Military, Mining and Industrial Markets, CCT &<br />
Associates, San Diego, CA<br />
A powerful multiuse, multipurpose Rugged Vehicle Situational Awareness and<br />
Tracking System incorporate advanced military systems for unprecedented communication,<br />
vision, position and monitoring capabilities for Heavy Mobile<br />
Mining equipment.<br />
4:05 PM<br />
Dump Height Optimization in High-impact Shovel<br />
Loading Operations<br />
N. Aouad, S. Frimpong and J. Owusu; Mining And Nuclear<br />
Engineering, Missouri S&T, Rolla, MO<br />
Dump height has an important role in truck and operators whole body vibrations<br />
(WBV) during high-impact shovel loading operations (HISLO). The shovel dipper<br />
location during loading affects truck productivity and cycle time. Material released<br />
from the dipper under gravity causes impact forces traveling throughout the<br />
truck chassis and reaching the operators cabin and seat. The aim of this paper is to<br />
find the optimum dumping height that reduces the impact forces generated under<br />
gravity. This paper links various dump heights to truck productivity as well as<br />
shockwaves generated throughout the system causing operators WBV.<br />
Mathematical models are generated to solve for the optimum dump height without<br />
sacrificing truck productivity and reducing the amount of vibrations reaching<br />
the operators seat under the ISO 2631 comfort zone. A virtual prototype model of<br />
truck being loaded is developed and simulated within the MSC.ADAMS/View<br />
environment. The solution developed and simulation results in this paper will define<br />
an optimum dumping height that lowers truck and operators WBV; increases<br />
truck longevity and ensure an economic safety during HISLO.<br />
This is the Technical <strong>Program</strong> as of September 1, 2012. IT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.<br />
119<br />
Please see the Onsite <strong>Program</strong> for final details.
Sponsored by:<br />
Submit Your Photos Today!<br />
Entries accepted through January 11, 2013<br />
For more details, view the list of prizes<br />
and to submit your photos, visit:<br />
www.smenet.org/photo<br />
Winners will be displayed at<br />
the 2013 <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
in Denver, Colorado<br />
MINING: IT’S ABOUT THE PEOPLE<br />
2013 <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit<br />
and CMA 115 th National Western Mining Conference<br />
February 24-27, 2013 • Denver, Colorado, USA
2013 EXHIBIT HIGHLIGHTS<br />
Exhibit Opens Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
To Reserve Booth Space Call: <strong>SME</strong> Exhibit Sales and Operations at 303-948-4213<br />
E-mail: gury@smenet.org • Website: www.smenet.org<br />
EXHIBIT HALL HOURS & FUNCTIONS<br />
Located in two Lounges and two Restaurants in the hall.<br />
Sunday, February 24<br />
Exhibit Hall Opening Reception<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
Exhibit Hall Luncheon<br />
Tuesday, February 26<br />
Exhibit Hall Afternoon Social<br />
Wednesday, February 27<br />
Exhibit Hall Continental Breakfast<br />
4pm – 6pm<br />
4pm – 6pm<br />
11am – 5:30pm<br />
11:30am – 1pm<br />
11am – 5:30pm<br />
3:30pm – 5:30pm<br />
8am – Noon<br />
8am – 9:30am<br />
A variety of social functions are planned for the exhibit hall to maximize traffic and encourage<br />
interation. Exhibit hall activities are planned around technical sessions. Exhibitors are<br />
encouraged to take advantage of sponsorship opportunities for these functions.<br />
ADVERTISING OPPORTUNITIES<br />
January and February Issues of the 2013 ShowGuide<br />
Stand out from the other exhibiting firms! Place your company advertisement in the official ShowGuide that lists<br />
sponsors and exhibitor contact information, products and services to be displayed. Opportunities are limited.<br />
Contact <strong>SME</strong>’s Media Manager at 303-948-4243 or email at mcginnis@smenet.org for further information.<br />
Advertising in the 2013 Pocket <strong>Program</strong><br />
Place your company’s name in the hands of every attendee. Insert your ad (only cover positions are<br />
available) in the on-site pocket program. Contact <strong>SME</strong>’s Media Manager at 303-948-4243 or email at<br />
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121
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EDUCATION<br />
COALITION<br />
CYBER<br />
CAFE<br />
2417<br />
2424<br />
2418<br />
<strong>SME</strong><br />
SALES<br />
2316 2415<br />
1414 1513<br />
1913<br />
1914 2013<br />
2114<br />
2260<br />
2414<br />
1<br />
1511<br />
1812 1911<br />
1912<br />
2112<br />
2312 2411<br />
2412<br />
1410 1509<br />
1510<br />
1610<br />
1710<br />
1805<br />
1704 1803<br />
1810 1909<br />
1806 1905<br />
1804 1903<br />
1910 2009<br />
1904<br />
2010 2109<br />
2004<br />
2110 2209<br />
2106<br />
2104 2203<br />
<strong>SME</strong><br />
ENVIRONMENTAL<br />
DIVISION<br />
AUCTION<br />
<strong>SME</strong><br />
FOUNDATION<br />
2310 2409<br />
2405<br />
2304 2403<br />
2410<br />
2404<br />
POSTER<br />
SESSION<br />
SOLD PREMIUM PRIME STANDARD
3M Company. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .903<br />
AATA International, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . 1131<br />
ABB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1738<br />
ABC Industries, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1635<br />
ABC Ventilation Systems . . . . . . . . . . 2431<br />
Abel Pumps, L.P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039<br />
Abresist Kalenborn Corp . . . . . . . . .1806<br />
Action Mining Services Inc . . . . . . . . .325<br />
ACZ Laboratories, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . 1235<br />
ADAM Technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2104<br />
Advance Tank & Construction Co . . 1437<br />
Advanced Geosciences, Inc . . . . . . . .509<br />
Advanced Terra Testing, Inc. . . . . . . 1642<br />
Agapito Associates, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . 1542<br />
Agru America, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1446<br />
AIL Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618<br />
Air-Cure Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1254<br />
AirFlow Catalyst Systems, Inc. . . . . . . 740<br />
Alaska Structures, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . 1026<br />
Alpha Natural Resources, LLC . . . . . 1338<br />
Alsco Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1438<br />
AMEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1124<br />
AmerCable, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1036<br />
American Innotek. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .954<br />
American Institute of Professional<br />
Geologists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2032<br />
American Mining Insurance Co . . . . 1242<br />
American Peat Technology. . . . . . . .2304<br />
ANDRITZ Automation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2051<br />
AngloGold Ashanti. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .553<br />
Anvil International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1335<br />
Applied Geomechanics. . . . . . . . . . . 1632<br />
APS America LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1127<br />
ARCADIS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1735<br />
ASD Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1040<br />
ASGCO Complete Conveyor Solutions . 723<br />
Ashland Performance Materials. . . . .330<br />
ASI - Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1330<br />
ASTEC Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1845<br />
Atkinson Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . 1553<br />
Atlas Copco CMT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1524<br />
Augusta Fiberglass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 706<br />
Ausenco Engineering Inc . . . . . . . . . 1819<br />
Australian Delegation . . . . . . . . . . . .2435<br />
Avanti International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1227<br />
Baroid Industrial Drilling Products . 1519<br />
Barr Engineering Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1639<br />
Barrick Gold of North America. . . . . .640<br />
BASF Construction Chemicals LLC . 2316<br />
Becker Mining America . . . . . . . . . .2009<br />
Becker Wholesale Mine Supply, LLC 846<br />
Behre Dolbear Group . . . . . . . . . . . . 1425<br />
Behrent Engineering Co . . . . . . . . . . . 927<br />
BICO Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1824<br />
Big - D Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1925<br />
Big C: Dino-Lite Scopes. . . . . . . . . . . 1154<br />
Black Range Minerals . . . . . . . . . . . . 1539<br />
LIST OF EXHIBITORS<br />
(as of October 10, 2013)<br />
Blue Water Technologies, Inc . . . . . . . 739<br />
BMT Acquisition, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649<br />
Boart Longyear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1410<br />
Bray Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .628<br />
Brokk Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .645<br />
Brookville Equipment Corp . . . . . . . . 813<br />
Bruker-Elemental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .925<br />
Bunker Hill Underwriters . . . . . . . . . 1636<br />
BVA Hydraulics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2238<br />
CAE Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1704<br />
Cambria County Assn for Blind &<br />
Handicapped (CAB). . . . . . . . . . 1952<br />
CAMP - Center for Adv Mineral &<br />
Metallurgical Proc . . . . . . . . . . . 1454<br />
Canadian Institute of Mining,<br />
Metallurgy & Petroleum (CIM) 1936<br />
Canadian Mining Journal . . . . . . . . . 1349<br />
Canty, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1345<br />
CAP Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1240<br />
Carlson Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2223<br />
CASPEO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2409<br />
Caterpillar Inc -<br />
Global Mining Division . . . . . . . 1930<br />
Cellular Concrete Solutions, LLC . . . 1531<br />
Cementation USA Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . .346<br />
CertainTeed Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .838<br />
CETCO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511<br />
CH2M HILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1445<br />
Challenger Pipe & Steel, LLC . . . . . . .853<br />
Chamco Industries, Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . 1350<br />
Check-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1423<br />
Checkers Industrial Products . . . . . . .430<br />
Chevron Phillips Chemical Co LP . . 1530<br />
CiDRA Minerals Processing, Inc . . . 1935<br />
CITIC HIC Australia, Ltd . . . . . . . . . .2037<br />
Clariant Mining Solutions . . . . . . . . . .630<br />
ClearSpan Fabric Structures. . . . . . . 2129<br />
Cliffs Natural Resources . . . . . . . . . . .454<br />
Coal People Magazine. . . . . . . . . . . .2329<br />
Coalfield Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2112<br />
Colorado Div of Reclamation,<br />
Mining and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . 1727<br />
Colorado Mining Association (CMA) . 1324<br />
Connors Drilling LLC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 932<br />
Consol Energy Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .549<br />
CONTECH Construction Prods. Inc 1130<br />
Contitech Conveyor Belt Group . . . . 2010<br />
Copper State Bolt & Nut Co . . . . . . . . 1030<br />
Cornell Pump Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709<br />
CorsiTech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1248<br />
CPG Resources- Mineral Technologies . 719<br />
Crystals Unlimited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2203<br />
Custom Linings, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1138<br />
Cytec Industries Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 937<br />
Dakota Fabricating Inc . . . . . . . . . . . 2125<br />
Davey Coach Sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1954<br />
David Brown Gearing Systems . . . . . 1230<br />
DelHur Industries, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . 1911<br />
124<br />
Derrick Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1411<br />
Dimension Technology Solutions . . . 1427<br />
DMC Mining Services Corp . . . . . . . 1513<br />
DMK USA Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 610<br />
DNV Business Assurance . . . . . . . . .2336<br />
The Doe Run Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .453<br />
Dome Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1528<br />
Donaldson Torit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2136<br />
Drummond Co, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .449<br />
Dry Systems Technologies . . . . . . . . . 524<br />
DSI Underground Systems, Inc. . . . . 1217<br />
DXP Safety Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510<br />
Dyno Nobel Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1118<br />
ECSI, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1025<br />
Eickhoff Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . .2230<br />
Eirich Machines, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1246<br />
EKATO Corporation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1805<br />
Emerson Process Management . . . . 2418<br />
Endress+Hauser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1047<br />
Enduride Canada USA Inc. . . . . . . . . . 946<br />
Energy Laboratories, Inc. . . . . . . . . . 1527<br />
Engart Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1631<br />
Engineering Seismology Group (ESG) 1942<br />
Envirocon, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2110<br />
ENVIRON International Corporation 1429<br />
Environmental Products & Applications 736<br />
Epic Polymer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1929<br />
Eriez Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1818<br />
ERM (Environmental Resources<br />
Management) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1441<br />
The Euclid Chemical Co . . . . . . . . . . . 712<br />
Fabreeka International Inc . . . . . . . . 2106<br />
Fairmont Supply Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1731<br />
Falcon Performance Footwear . . . . . . 646<br />
FEI Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 940<br />
Fenner Dunlop Engineered Conveyor<br />
Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803<br />
Firestone Specialty Products . . . . . . .503<br />
Fisher & Strickler Rock Eng., LLC . . 1853<br />
FKC-Lake Shore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424<br />
Flanders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310<br />
Flexco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2004<br />
Flottweg Separation Tech., Inc . . . . . 1941<br />
Flowrox (Larox Flowsys) . . . . . . . . . . 1011<br />
FLSmidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1510<br />
FMC Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1018<br />
Foresight Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .546<br />
Formsprag LLC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317<br />
Foth Infrastructure & Environ., LLC 1953<br />
Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold. .545<br />
Gannett Fleming, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . .2228<br />
GE Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2109<br />
GEA Westfalia Separator. . . . . . . . . . . 926<br />
GEI Consultants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1126<br />
Gemcom Software International, Inc 1836<br />
General Kinematics Corp . . . . . . . . . 1447<br />
General Moly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1125
Geokon, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2126<br />
Geo-Logic Associates . . . . . . . . . . . . 1638<br />
Geomega, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .448<br />
Geotech Environmental Equip., Inc. 1431<br />
Geotemps, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .609<br />
GIW Industries, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1846<br />
Goldcorp Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .450<br />
Golder Associates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1523<br />
Goldfinger Global, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . 2310<br />
Great Basin Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . 1354<br />
Grindex Pumps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1554<br />
GRINNELL Products, a Tyco<br />
International Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1045<br />
GSE Environmental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1238<br />
Gundlach Equipment Corp. . . . . . . . . 842<br />
Gustavson Associates . . . . . . . . . . . . 1023<br />
Hagglunds Drives (Bosch Rexroth Corp) 1840<br />
Hanlon Eng. & Architecture, Inc. . . . 2414<br />
Hansen Industrial Gearboxes . . . . . . .625<br />
Hard Dollar Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1903<br />
Hatch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2417<br />
Hawk Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1046<br />
Hayward Baker Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1630<br />
Heintzmann Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1620<br />
Hella Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .306<br />
Hepburn Engineering Inc . . . . . . . . . .826<br />
Herrenknecht Tunnelling Sys. USA, Inc 724<br />
Herzog Automation Corp. . . . . . . . . . .626<br />
Hilfiker Retaining Walls . . . . . . . . . . . 918<br />
The Hilliard Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1719<br />
Hitachi Mining Division . . . . . . . . . . . 1250<br />
Honeywell Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1139<br />
Hose Solutions Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1232<br />
Hosokawa Micron Powder Systems . . 748<br />
Huesker, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1549<br />
Huntsman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1339<br />
IBI Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2023<br />
IDS North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619<br />
IKON Mining & Exploration. . . . . . . . 1924<br />
Independent Mining Consultants, Inc 1017<br />
Indian Affairs, Division of Energy &<br />
Mineral Dev . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1725<br />
Industrial Info Resources Inc . . . . . . .303<br />
Industrial Minerals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1939<br />
Industrial Service and Supply Inc (ISSI) 1830<br />
Inflatable Packers International LLC 2040<br />
InfoMine USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1810<br />
Instituto de Ingenieros de Minas<br />
del Peru (IIMP). . . . . . . . . . . . . .2335<br />
Integrity Fusion Products, Inc. . . . . . . 611<br />
Intermountain Electronics, Inc . . . . . . 410<br />
International Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1812<br />
International Society of Explosives<br />
Engineers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2240<br />
Intersystems Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . 2217<br />
Irathane Systems Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919<br />
Irwin Car and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . 324<br />
ISCO Industries, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1237<br />
LIST OF EXHIBITORS<br />
(as of October 10, 2013)<br />
Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. . . . . . . 1723<br />
Ivara Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2327<br />
Jacobs Engineering Group Inc<br />
(Aker Solutions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1545<br />
JADCO Manufacturing, Inc . . . . . . . . 1905<br />
Janice Evert Opals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2236<br />
JBR Environmental Consultants, Inc 1241<br />
Jennmar Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1741<br />
JKTech/Contract Support Services . 1329<br />
Johnson Industries Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . . 1654<br />
Joy Global Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1418<br />
K.R. Komarek Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .830<br />
Kemira. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2239<br />
Kennametal Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .945<br />
Kepner Tregoe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .623<br />
KHD Humboldt Wedag Inc . . . . . . . . 2017<br />
Kinder Morgan Engineering &<br />
Conveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .636<br />
Kinross Gold USA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .554<br />
Knight Piesold. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1323<br />
Komatsu America Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . 754<br />
Koppern Equipment, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . 731<br />
Laird Technologies (formally Cattron) 2042<br />
Landmark Tank Services/Landmark<br />
Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738<br />
Layne Christensen Co . . . . . . . . . . . . 1746<br />
Leica Geosystems Mining. . . . . . . . . . 924<br />
Liebherr Mining Equipment Co . . . . 1653<br />
Line Power Manufacturing . . . . . . . . .603<br />
Low Pro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .828<br />
Luff Industries Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2140<br />
Lufkin Industries, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . .326<br />
Lyntek Services Inc (LSX) . . . . . . . . . 1213<br />
Lyntek, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1218<br />
Mackay School of Earth Sciences<br />
and Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . .653<br />
Magnus Pacific Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1625<br />
MALA GeoScience USA, Inc . . . . . . . 2041<br />
Maptek. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1010<br />
Marland Clutch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319<br />
Martin Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .829<br />
Matrix Design Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1035<br />
Matrix Service Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .638<br />
Matterhorn Footwear . . . . . . . . . . . . . .309<br />
Maverick Applied Science, Inc. . . . . 1049<br />
McDowell Equipment Ltd . . . . . . . . .2035<br />
McLanahan Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1753<br />
McLellan Industries, Inc . . . . . . . . . . 1509<br />
ME Elecmetal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1710<br />
Measurement Devices Limited (MDL) 809<br />
Metcom Technologies Inc . . . . . . . . . .820<br />
MICON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 947<br />
Micromine USA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1948<br />
Midsun Specialty Products . . . . . . . . 1153<br />
Midwest Industrial Supply, Inc . . . . . .905<br />
Mill Man Steel, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1623<br />
Millcreek Engineering Co . . . . . . . . . 837<br />
Mine Cable Services Corp . . . . . . . . . 423<br />
125<br />
Mine Development Associates . . . . . 1618<br />
Mine Site Technologies (USA), Inc . . 1326<br />
MineIndustryJobs.com. . . . . . . . . . . . . 749<br />
Minemax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2036<br />
The Mineral Lab, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1640<br />
Minerals Education Coalition . . . . . . 2218<br />
Miners News/Mining Directories. . . 1353<br />
Mining Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2210<br />
Mining Magazine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1832<br />
Mining Media International . . . . . . . 1123<br />
The Mining Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1209<br />
Mining Technologies International Inc<br />
(MTI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .329<br />
Mining World Magazine . . . . . . . . . . 2047<br />
Mintec, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1610<br />
MIP Process Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1348<br />
MIRARCO Mining Innovation/Laurentian<br />
University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2039<br />
Missouri University of Science &<br />
Technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1931<br />
MMD Mineral Sizing (America) Inc .2024<br />
Montana Tech - School of Mines<br />
& Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .654<br />
Moretrench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1341<br />
Morton Salt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .548<br />
Mountain States R&D International, Inc 2045<br />
MWH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1024<br />
The NanoSteel Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1909<br />
National Exploration, Wells & Pumps 1626<br />
National Institute for Occupational<br />
Safety & Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1724<br />
Naylor Pipe Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1517<br />
Nelson Williams Linings, Inc . . . . . . .350<br />
Neptune Wheel Wash Systems . . . . . 1453<br />
Netafim USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 923<br />
New Mexico Institute of Mining<br />
& Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737<br />
Newmont Mining Corp . . . . . . . . . . . .445<br />
NORAMCO Engineering Corp . . . . . . 741<br />
Norbar Torque Tools Inc . . . . . . . . . . 1949<br />
Nordic Lights NA, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742<br />
Norseman Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425<br />
North American Tunneling Journal/<br />
Tunnelling Journal. . . . . . . . . . .2430<br />
Northwest Mining Association . . . . . 1914<br />
Oliver Boots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1424<br />
OneMine.org . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2219<br />
Optech Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1540<br />
OREMAX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1009<br />
Orica/Minova . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1904<br />
Oriental Rubber Industries Limited . .323<br />
OSIsoft, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1923<br />
Outotec (USA), Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1212<br />
Pall Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1826<br />
PEMO Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647<br />
Pennoni Associates Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . 917<br />
Pennsylvania State University. . . . . . . 750<br />
PGS and Associates, LLC. . . . . . . . . . 1912
Phoenix Conveyor Belt Systems GmBH 2038<br />
PHOENIX First Response . . . . . . . . . . 941<br />
PHOENIX Process Equipment Co. . . . 717<br />
PhotoSat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2135<br />
Pillar Innovations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703<br />
Pincock, Allen & Holt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1223<br />
Pioneer Pump Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2330<br />
Polycorp Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514<br />
Polydeck Screen Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . 1910<br />
Pompaction Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 818<br />
Power Motive Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1803<br />
Precision Pulley & Idler. . . . . . . . . . . 1717<br />
Precision Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1332<br />
Predictive Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . 1031<br />
Presto Geosystems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732<br />
Process Engineering Group . . . . . . . 2131<br />
Prysmian Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .606<br />
Purolite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .648<br />
Putzmeister Shotcrete Technology. . 2124<br />
Pyott-Boone Electronics (PBE) . . . . . 1053<br />
QSP Packers, LLC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1346<br />
Quinn Process Equipment Co. . . . . . 1414<br />
Rail-Veyor Technologies GlobaI Inc 2339<br />
Rain for Rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2209<br />
Rajant Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727<br />
RAM Enterprise, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403<br />
RDH Mining Equipment. . . . . . . . . . .2242<br />
RDO Integrated Controls. . . . . . . . . .2404<br />
The Reinforced Earth Company . . . . 1253<br />
Resource Development Inc . . . . . . . . 1128<br />
Resource West, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .530<br />
Rexnord Industries, LLC . . . . . . . . . . .839<br />
Richway Industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 624<br />
Richwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735<br />
Roberts & Schaefer Co. . . . . . . . . . . . 2018<br />
Rocklabs, Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2312<br />
RockTech USA, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .632<br />
Rocky Mountain Coal Mining Inst. . . 1129<br />
Rocky Mountain Fabrication . . . . . . . 1718<br />
Rocky Mountain Recycling . . . . . . . . 1529<br />
ROPLAST GmbH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2137<br />
Roscoe Postle Associates Inc . . . . . . 1439<br />
RSG Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1804<br />
Ruen Drilling, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613<br />
Rulmeca Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2424<br />
Runge Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1225<br />
SAFEmine Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730<br />
Safety Solutions International, Inc . . .804<br />
Samson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2328<br />
Samuel Engineering, Inc. . . . . . . . . . 1135<br />
Scanalyse, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2123<br />
Scantech International Pty Ltd . . . . .2342<br />
Schauenburg Flexadux Corp . . . . . . 1435<br />
Schlumberger / MI Swaco. . . . . . . . . 1536<br />
Schneider Electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2130<br />
Schweitzer Eng. Laboratories, Inc . . . 747<br />
LIST OF EXHIBITORS<br />
(as of October 10, 2013)<br />
Schwing Bioset Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2232<br />
Seeing Machines Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . . .2030<br />
SEH, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .345<br />
Sentis USA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1038<br />
Separation Technologies LLC. . . . . . 1854<br />
SGS Minerals Services . . . . . . . . . . . 1624<br />
Shotcrete Technologies, Inc . . . . . . . 1440<br />
Sick Pty Ltd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2155<br />
SIEMAG TECBERG, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . .849<br />
Siemens Industry, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2139<br />
Simplex/Grinnell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2403<br />
Simsmart Technologies Inc. . . . . . . . 2415<br />
Simtars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2153<br />
Skanska USA Civil West RMD. . . . . . 1511<br />
SlideMinder - Call and Nicholas<br />
Instruments Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1945<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Auction - Environmental Div. . .2208<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2202<br />
SMI Evaporative Solutions. . . . . . . . .2025<br />
Society for Mining, Metallurgy<br />
& Exploration (<strong>SME</strong>) . . . . . . . . . 2214<br />
Spendrup Fan Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1436<br />
Split Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1325<br />
Sprung Instant Structures, Inc . . . . . . 617<br />
SPX Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1426<br />
SRK Consulting Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1236<br />
Stantec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .929<br />
Starkey & Associates, Inc . . . . . . . . . 1136<br />
Stewart & Stevenson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1947<br />
Stewart Brothers Drilling Co. . . . . . . . 713<br />
Strata Products Worldwide, LLC. . . . 1938<br />
Sunset Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745<br />
Superior Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1347<br />
Surecrete Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2411<br />
Svendborg Brakes USA, Inc . . . . . . . 1535<br />
Sy-Klone International . . . . . . . . . . . . .854<br />
Taggart Global, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2118<br />
TAKRAF USA, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2046<br />
TAM International Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612<br />
TDC, LLC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2241<br />
Team Mixing Technologies, Inc . . . . .523<br />
TenCate Geotube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746<br />
Tescan USA Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .526<br />
TestAmerica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .446<br />
Tetra Tech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1229<br />
Thermo Scientific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1110<br />
Thunderbird Mining Systems . . . . . . .909<br />
ThyssenKrupp Robins, Inc . . . . . . . . 1146<br />
TIC - The Industrial Co/Kiewit . . . . . 1224<br />
Timberline Drilling Inc . . . . . . . . . . . 1946<br />
TMEIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1027<br />
Tomra Sorting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .845<br />
Tons Per Hour, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104<br />
Toyo Pumps North America, LLC . . . .505<br />
Trio Engineered Products, Inc . . . . . .806<br />
Tsurumi Pump America. . . . . . . . . . . . 914<br />
Tunnel Radio of America. . . . . . . . . . .936<br />
Twin City Clarage, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . .304<br />
Tyco Fire Protection Products. . . . . .2405<br />
U.S. Geological Survey,<br />
Mineral <strong>Program</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013<br />
U.S. Seal Mfg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1754<br />
U.S. Tsubaki Power Transmission, LLC 2429<br />
Ultra Tech Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .938<br />
UniFirst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2054<br />
United Central Industrial Supply . . . 1817<br />
Univ of British Columbia,<br />
Mining Engineering . . . . . . . . . .550<br />
Univar USA Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1337<br />
University of Arizona Mining<br />
and Geological Eng. . . . . . . . . . .835<br />
University of Kentucky<br />
Mining Engineering . . . . . . . . . .650<br />
University of Utah,<br />
Mining Engineering Dept. . . . . .948<br />
URS Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1312<br />
UTC Overseas, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1627<br />
Valley Forge & Bolt Manufacturing Co . 2120<br />
VEGA Americas, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . .824<br />
Veolia Water Solutions & Tech. . . . . . . 810<br />
Veyance Technologies Inc . . . . . . . . 1448<br />
Victaulic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1541<br />
Virginia Tech<br />
Dept of Mining & Minerals Eng .525<br />
Voith Turbo Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 910<br />
VP Buildings Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2427<br />
Wabi Iron and Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614<br />
Wagner Equipment Co . . . . . . . . . . . 1637<br />
Walz Scale Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847<br />
Water Technology Group . . . . . . . . . 1737<br />
Watson-Marlow Pumps Group . . . . . .928<br />
Weir Minerals - North America . . . . 1918<br />
West Virginia Univ<br />
Dept of Mining Engineering. . . .840<br />
WesTech Engineering, Inc . . . . . . . . 1318<br />
Western Cultural Resource<br />
Management, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . 1228<br />
Western Environmental Testing Lab<br />
(WETLAB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1340<br />
Westpro Machinery Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . 518<br />
Wiley Consulting, LLC. . . . . . . . . . . . 1336<br />
Willowstick Technologies LLC . . . . . 2114<br />
Wirtgen America Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1142<br />
Women’s Mining Coalition . . . . . . . . 1913<br />
World Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2331<br />
The Wright Group Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . 1342<br />
WSI International, LLC. . . . . . . . . . . .2235<br />
Xtek 504<br />
Xylem (Godwin/Flygt). . . . . . . . . . . . . 718<br />
Xylem/OI Analytical . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2410<br />
ZCL Composites Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1054<br />
Zeroday Enterprises LLC . . . . . . . . . . 710<br />
Zonge Engineering & Research<br />
Organization, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . 1041<br />
126
<strong>SME</strong> eLearning<br />
Professional Development,<br />
Training and Technical Information<br />
At Your Fingertips. At Your Convenience.<br />
Acid Rock Drainage: Prediction and Treatment<br />
This video course presents a technical foundation of acid rock drainage related to permitting new mines, and<br />
remediation of Abandoned Mine Land. This course is presented in news-anchor style with a combination of live<br />
and video presentations.<br />
Equipment Management – Key to Equipment Reliability<br />
This course introduces and explains the fundamental economic and financial models and terms which are<br />
commonly found in the minerals industry. The course is perfect for managers and technical professionals in the<br />
minerals industries who do not have a financial background, but wish to expand their knowledge of basic financial<br />
tools and terms they will commonly encounter.<br />
Ethics in the Mining Industry<br />
This self-paced course defines ethics, its concepts, its history, and its impact on professional practice. You will<br />
have a better idea of how to act ethically and what can be learned from case studies and examples.<br />
Fundamentals of the Dragline<br />
This self-paced, video-hybrid course provides a detailed look at efficient planning and operation of draglines,<br />
which is a critical aspect to the majority of surface coal mines throughout the world. Additionally very few university<br />
programs offer in-depth studies of draglines and after market training is primarily available through infrequently<br />
scheduled seminars. As a result most training is received on the job. This course provides an excellent primer on<br />
the subject.<br />
Mining Terminology and Methods<br />
This self-paced, video-hybrid course provides a wide variety of common mining terms, surface and underground<br />
mining methods, and the pros and cons of each. Additionally, this course identifies the different types of mineral<br />
commodities, drilling and blasting concepts, and finally, sources of additional information.<br />
Pollution Problems in the Mining & Metallurgical Industry<br />
This short account shows how technology changes to render the workplace in these industries more acceptable<br />
by minimizing environmental pollution.<br />
For more information on these and other programs available in the <strong>SME</strong> eLearning catalog see:<br />
http://www.smenet.org/elearning/<br />
Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration Inc.,<br />
www.sme@smenet.org • 303-948-4200 • sme@smenet.org<br />
12999 E . Adam Aircraft Cir., Englewood, CO 80112
2013 SPONSORS<br />
(as of October 15, 2012)<br />
Thank you to the following sponsors for their generous support of the<br />
2013 <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit and CMA 115th National Western Mining Conference.<br />
For more information about sponsorships please contact:<br />
Liz Jones at 303-948-4216 or jones@smenet.org<br />
OFFICIAL 2013 MEETING SPONSOR<br />
GOLD LEVEL SPONSORS<br />
Student Mixer:<br />
Newmont Mining Corporation<br />
Official Conference Bags:<br />
Caterpillar, Inc.<br />
Neck Lanyards:<br />
Maptek<br />
Plant Operators’ Forum:<br />
Barrick North America<br />
Exhibit Hall Restaurant Sponsor:<br />
Caterpillar, Inc.<br />
Tuesday Afternoon Exhibit Hall Social:<br />
ThyssenKrupp Robins<br />
SILVER LEVEL SPONSORS<br />
Hotel Key Cards:<br />
Outotec USA, Inc.<br />
CD-ROM Jacket Advertising:<br />
Mintec, Inc.<br />
International Reception:<br />
MWH Global, Inc.<br />
Scotch Night Cap:<br />
ASD, Inc.<br />
Weir Minerals North America<br />
Newmont Mining Corporation<br />
128<br />
BRONZE LEVEL SPONSORS<br />
Coal & Energy Division Luncheon<br />
& Silent Auction:<br />
PrepTech, Inc.<br />
Mining & Exploration Division Lunchon<br />
& Silent Auction:<br />
Hitachi Construction and Mining<br />
CMA Environmental Stewardship Reception<br />
& Awards Banquet Cocktail Sponsor:<br />
Knight Piesold and Co.<br />
Environmental Division Luncheon:<br />
CH2M Hill<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Technical Session:<br />
Mintec, Inc.<br />
MWH Global, Inc.<br />
Student Forum:<br />
MWH Global, Inc.<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/NSSGA Student Design Competition:<br />
Hitachi Construction and Mining<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Photo Contest:<br />
Hitachi Construction and Mining<br />
Educational Sustainability Poster Session:<br />
Alpha Natural Resources<br />
FOUNDATION DINNER SPONSORS<br />
AngloGold Ashanti North America, Inc.<br />
Foresight Energy LLC<br />
PrepTech, Inc.
SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES<br />
Benefits Include:<br />
• Recognition in the 2013 Pocket <strong>Program</strong><br />
• Event-specific signage (where applicable)<br />
• Recognition at the sponsored event (where<br />
applicable)<br />
• Company name printed on item (where applicable)<br />
• One complimentary advanced registration list<br />
• Recognition in Mining Engineering, the official<br />
publication of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy<br />
& Exploration, Inc. (<strong>SME</strong>) in the January (Special<br />
Show Guide Issue), February (Special Show Guide<br />
Issue) and March issue.<br />
• Company logo on <strong>SME</strong> Web page with a link to<br />
your company’s Website<br />
• Exhibitor Priority Points towards your booth selection<br />
(points are earned for current year exhibitors only,<br />
please see the specific sponsorship opportunity for<br />
number of priority points that will be awarded)<br />
• Sponsorship recognition ribbons<br />
Exhibit Hall Lounge or<br />
Restaurant Sponsorship<br />
$8,000 Restaurant Sponsor – One More Opportunity Left<br />
(5 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
$6,000 Lounge Sponsor – One Opportunity Available<br />
(4 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
Receive recognition throughout the conference as a sponsor<br />
of one of the two restaurants or one of the two lounges on<br />
the exhibit floor. The restaurants and lounges are meeting<br />
and social points on the exhibit floor. Bars and food are set<br />
up in them for all exhibit functions (Sunday Night Grand<br />
Opening Reception, Monday Lunch, Tuesday Afternoon<br />
Social, and Wednesday Continental Breakfast). By<br />
sponsoring a restaurant or lounge you will be recognized as<br />
the sponsor within the restaurant or lounge.<br />
2013 <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> Mobile App<br />
$8,000 exclusive (6 Exhibitor Priority Points) or<br />
$4,000 Supporting Sponsorship (3 Exhibitor Points)<br />
More and more attendees are using smart phones and apps,<br />
this app can be used by Blackberry devices, Android and<br />
iPhone to keep attendees up to date on what is going on<br />
throughout the conference. Attendees can see a map of the<br />
exhibit floor keep up to date with information for individual<br />
companies and also stay up to date with all the technical<br />
sessions, committee meetings and social events that take<br />
place during the meeting. As a sponsor your company name<br />
and/or logo will appear on pages throughout the app.<br />
Customized Room Drop<br />
$8,000 (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
Help welcome attendees to the 2013 <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> with<br />
a sweet treat delivered to direct their room along from a<br />
local Colorado candy company. The room drop will made<br />
Monday night along with the Mining Engineering Magazine<br />
to the host hotel. The room drop will cover over 1000 rooms.<br />
Cyber Café and Charging Station<br />
$8,000 exclusive (6 Exhibitor Priority Points) or<br />
4 at $2000 ea. (1 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
(Five sponsorship opportunities are available – two computer stations each.)<br />
Keep them connected! Be a sponsor of the Cyber Café!<br />
There is space for ten computers with Internet connection for<br />
attendees to surf the Web and check e-mail. Your corporate<br />
materials will be available for attendees to pick up, and your<br />
corporate logo will be recognized on the front screen as<br />
sponsor. Your corporate Web site is set as the home page.<br />
Student Forum<br />
Sunday, February 24, 2013<br />
$8,000 exclusive (6 Exhibitor Priority Points) or<br />
4 at $2000 ea. (2 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
Connect with over 300 future leaders and professionals by<br />
sponsoring the <strong>SME</strong> Student Forum. Learn about the latest<br />
projects in academia. Be the first to know the winners of the 2012<br />
Outstanding Student Chapter <strong>Annual</strong> Report. The winner of the<br />
GEM Student Chapter award will be presented to the winning<br />
chapter. <strong>SME</strong>’s Board of Directors and <strong>SME</strong> chapter chairs are<br />
invited to attend. Sponsors will also have the opportunity to<br />
address the audience and promote their product(s). Light hors<br />
d’oeuvres and drinks (cash bar) will be served.<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Dinner Wine Sponsor<br />
Wednesday, February 27, 2013<br />
$8,000 exclusive (6 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
Place your cpompany’s name at every table of one of the last<br />
of the official events of the <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>. Nearly 500 <strong>SME</strong><br />
members and attendees will gather for an evening of cocktails,<br />
awards and dinner. Two bottles of wine at each table and a table<br />
tent will be placed at each table recognizing you as the sponsor.<br />
ADDITIONAL BENEFIT FOR EXCLUSIVE SPONSOR ONLY!<br />
• Be the exclusive advertiser for social events, technical<br />
sessions and calendar of events.<br />
129
SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES<br />
Benefits Include:<br />
• Recognition in the 2013 Pocket <strong>Program</strong><br />
• Event-specific signage (where applicable)<br />
• Recognition at the sponsored event (where<br />
applicable)<br />
• Company name printed on item (where applicable)<br />
• Recognition in Mining Engineering, the official<br />
publication of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy<br />
& Exploration, Inc. (<strong>SME</strong>) in the January (Special<br />
Show Guide Issue), February (Special Show Guide<br />
Issue) and March issue.<br />
• Company logo on <strong>SME</strong> Web page with a link to<br />
your company’s Website<br />
• Exhibitor Priority Points towards your booth<br />
selection (points are earned for current year<br />
exhibitors only, please see the specific sponsorship<br />
opportunity for number of priority points that will<br />
be awarded)<br />
• Sponsorship recognition ribbons<br />
Pocket <strong>Program</strong><br />
$7,000 exclusive (4 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
THE DEADLINE TO RESERVE POCKET PROGRAM IS<br />
JANUARY 4, 2013.<br />
Have your company name and logo advertised to thousands<br />
on the cover of the pocket program. Every registrant will<br />
receive a copy of the pocket program at the 2013 <strong>SME</strong><br />
<strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>.<br />
Keynote Session<br />
Monday February 27, 2013<br />
$6,000 exclusive (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
Be one of the first to greet the <strong>SME</strong> attendees on the first day<br />
of the meeting. Sponsor will also have the opportunity to<br />
play the company video and offer brief welcoming remarks<br />
to the audience.<br />
International Reception<br />
Tuesday February 26, 2013<br />
$4,000 ea. (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
Multiple Opportunities Available<br />
This is the only sponsorship specifically tailored to a global<br />
audience. The reception attracts up to 500 guests. <strong>SME</strong> will<br />
email invitations, including the sponsor’s logo, to all non-<br />
US advance registered attendees. This is an opportunity to<br />
network with peers and enjoy hors d’oeurves and a hosted<br />
bar. The International Reception is a perfect way to influence<br />
international executives face-to-face at this by invitation only<br />
event. Sponsor name will also appear on table tents at food<br />
stations. Each sponsor will receive 10 tickets to the reception<br />
as a part of the sponsorship.<br />
Scotch Night Cap<br />
Tuesday February 26, 2013<br />
$4,000 ea. (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
Multiple Opportunities Available<br />
The Scotch Night Cap will feature entertainment, hors<br />
d’oeuvres, Scotch tasting and 2 drink tickets will be give to<br />
each attendee that purchases a ticket to the Scotch Night Cap.<br />
CMA Environmental Stewardship<br />
Reception and Awards Banquet Sponsor<br />
Tuesday February 26, 2013<br />
$5,000 ea. (3 Exhibitor Priority Points) 4 Opportunities Available<br />
Place your company’s name at Environmental Stewardship<br />
Reception and Awards Banquet. This banquet attracts<br />
hundreds of attendees. You will receive recognition at each<br />
of the tables for the banquet and a table of 8 with your<br />
sponsorship.<br />
Registration List<br />
$5,000 exclusive (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
THE DEADLINE TO RESERVE REGISTRATION LIST IS<br />
JANUARY 15, 2013.<br />
Have your company name and logo advertised to thousands<br />
on the cover of the registration list. Thousands of registrants<br />
will receive the advanced registration list at the 2013 <strong>SME</strong><br />
<strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>.<br />
130
SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES<br />
Benefits Include:<br />
• Recognition in the 2013 Pocket <strong>Program</strong><br />
• Event-specific signage (where applicable)<br />
• Recognition at the sponsored event (where<br />
applicable)<br />
• Company name printed on item (where applicable)<br />
• Recognition in Mining Engineering, the official<br />
publication of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy<br />
& Exploration, Inc. (<strong>SME</strong>) in the January (Special<br />
Show Guide Issue), February (Special Show Guide<br />
Issue) and March issue.<br />
• Company logo on <strong>SME</strong> Web page with a link to<br />
your company’s Website<br />
• Exhibitor Priority Points towards your booth<br />
selection (points are earned for current year<br />
exhibitors only, please see the specific sponsorship<br />
opportunity for number of priority points that will<br />
be awarded)<br />
• Sponsorship recognition ribbons<br />
CMA Colorado Division of Reclamation<br />
& Safety Awards Luncheon Sponsorship<br />
Wednesday February 27, 2013<br />
$3,500 ea. (4 Opportunities) (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
CMA Environmental Stewardship<br />
Reception and Awards Banquet<br />
Cocktail Sponsorship<br />
Tuesday February 26, 2013<br />
$3,000 (3 More Opportunities Available) (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
Industrial Minerals and Aggregates<br />
Division Luncheon & Silent Auction<br />
Tuesday February 26, 2013<br />
$3,000 exclusive (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
Mineral & Metallurgical Processing<br />
Division Luncheon<br />
Wednesday February 27, 2013<br />
$3,000 exclusive (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Dinner Supporting Sponsor<br />
Wednesday February 27, 2013<br />
$2,500 ea. (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
CMA Technical Session Sponsorship<br />
$2,500 ea. (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
CMA Environmental Stewardship<br />
Reception & Awards Banquet Audio<br />
Visual Sponsorship<br />
Tuesday February 26, 2013<br />
$1,500 ea. (4 Opportunities Available) (1 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Technical Session Sponsorship<br />
$1,500 ea. (1 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
CMA Technical Session Audio Visual<br />
Sponsorship<br />
$1,500 ea. (1 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
CMA Colorado Division of Reclamation<br />
& Safety Awards Luncheon Audio Visual<br />
Sponsorship<br />
Wednesday February 27, 2013<br />
$1,500 ea. (1 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
<strong>SME</strong>/NSSGA Student Design Competition<br />
$500 – $5,000 ea.<br />
(Several opportunities available.)<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Photo Contest<br />
$500 – $5,000 ea.<br />
(Several opportunities available.)<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Foundation Table Sponsors<br />
$2,500 ea.<br />
Includes one table of 8 and recognition throughout the event.<br />
CMA Environmental Stewardship<br />
Reception and Awards Banquet Wine<br />
Sponsor Sponsorship<br />
Tuesday February 26, 2013<br />
$3,000 (4 Opportunities Available), (3 Exhibitor Priority Points)<br />
131
FUTURE MEETINGS<br />
Professional Development for the<br />
Practicing Professional<br />
Environmental Considerations<br />
in Energy Productions<br />
April 14-18, 2013<br />
Charleston, West Virginia<br />
Current Trends in<br />
Mining Finance<br />
April 20-30, 2013<br />
New York, New York<br />
Rapid Excavation &<br />
Tunneling Conference<br />
June 23-26, 2013<br />
Washington, DC<br />
RAPID EXCAVATION AND<br />
TUNNELING CONFERENCE<br />
Arizona Conference<br />
December 8-9, 2013<br />
JW Starr Pass Resort,<br />
Tucson, Arizona<br />
<strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong><br />
& Exhibit<br />
February 23-26, 2014<br />
Salt Lake City, Utah
DENVER HOTELS<br />
For all hotels check-in<br />
time is 3pm and<br />
check-out time is Noon.<br />
Airport shuttles are not<br />
available.<br />
All hotels have handicap<br />
facilities, request<br />
special needs when<br />
making reservations.<br />
HOTELS<br />
ROOM RATES<br />
ADD 14.85% TAX<br />
ROOM SERVICE<br />
FITNESS FACILITY /<br />
POOL<br />
1<br />
Hyatt Regency at Colorado<br />
Convention Center<br />
650 15th Street<br />
Denver, CO 80202<br />
Phone: 303-436-1234<br />
$175 Single<br />
$175 Double<br />
$185 Triple<br />
$185 Quad<br />
6am - Midnight<br />
Yes<br />
Indoor Pool<br />
2<br />
Hilton Garden Inn<br />
1400 Welton Street<br />
Denver, CO 80202<br />
Phone: 303-603-8000<br />
$169 Single<br />
$169 Double<br />
$179 Triple<br />
$179 Quad<br />
4pm - 10pm<br />
Yes<br />
Indoor Pool<br />
3<br />
Embassy Suites Downtown<br />
1420 Stout Street<br />
Denver, CO 80202<br />
Phone: 303-592-1000<br />
$179 Single<br />
$189 Double<br />
$199 Triple<br />
$209 Quad<br />
11am - 10pm<br />
Yes<br />
Indoor Pool<br />
4<br />
Sheraton Denver<br />
1550 Court Place<br />
Denver, CO 80202<br />
Phone: 303-893-3333<br />
$175 Single<br />
$175 Double<br />
$190 Triple<br />
$205 Quad<br />
24 Hour Service<br />
Yes<br />
Outdoor Pool<br />
5<br />
Grand Hyatt<br />
1750 Welton Street<br />
Denver, CO 80202<br />
Phone: 303-295-1234<br />
$170 Single<br />
$170 Double<br />
$195 Triple<br />
$220 Quad<br />
24 Hour Service<br />
Yes<br />
Indoor Pool<br />
6<br />
Marriott City Center<br />
1701 California Street<br />
Denver, CO 80202<br />
Phone: 303-297-1300<br />
$173 Single<br />
$173 Double<br />
$188 Triple<br />
$203 Quad<br />
6am - 1am<br />
Yes<br />
Indoor Pool<br />
7<br />
Westin Tabor Center<br />
1672 Lawrence Street<br />
Denver, CO 80202<br />
Phone: 303-572-9100<br />
$175 Single<br />
$175 Double<br />
$195 Triple<br />
$215 Quad<br />
24 Hour Service<br />
Yes<br />
Indoor Pool<br />
133
2013 <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit and Colorado Mining Association’s 115 th National Western Mining Conference<br />
February 24 – 27, 2013 • Denver, Colorado USA<br />
1. TYPE OR PRINT CLEARLY. Any incomplete information will<br />
delay processing of your form. Submit one room request per form.<br />
If additional forms are needed, please photocopy this form.<br />
2. Requests must be submitted on the official form. You must<br />
contact the <strong>SME</strong> Housing Bureau to make hotel reservations,<br />
the hotels will NOT accept reservations directly.<br />
3. Reservations must be made by January 28, 2013 in order to<br />
guarantee meeting rates. Subject to availability.<br />
4. All reservation changes and cancellations must be made in writing<br />
and processed through the <strong>SME</strong> Housing Bureau online or by<br />
e-mail: smeattendee@experient-inc.com or fax: 301-694-5124.<br />
Cancellations made after January 28, 2013 will incur a charge of $75<br />
regardless of when the initial room request was received.<br />
After February 8, 2013 any changes or cancellations to existing<br />
reservations must be made with the hotel directly.<br />
5. Reservations are made on a first-come, first-served basis. If the hotel<br />
requested is not available, your next choice will be assigned based on<br />
availability. If rooms are no longer available at the first four hotels of<br />
your choice, you will be placed in a hotel based on availability.<br />
6. The <strong>SME</strong> Housing Bureau will send you an acknowledgement<br />
of your reservation. Please review all information for accuracy.<br />
E-mail acknowledgements will be sent if an e-mail address is<br />
provided (preferred), or they will be faxed. If you do not receive an<br />
acknowledgement or have questions, please call the <strong>SME</strong> Housing<br />
Bureau. You will not receive a confirmation from the hotel.<br />
7. Read the acknowledgement carefully checking for any errors. If<br />
no acknowledgement is received within five days, contact the <strong>SME</strong><br />
Housing Bureau at 1-866-229-2386 (M-F 9am - 5pm EST, excluding<br />
holidays) or by e-mail: smeattendee@experient-inc.com<br />
8. A credit card guarantee is required to process your room<br />
reservation. Your credit card may be charged a deposit of one<br />
night’s room and tax in advance of your arrival. Please verify<br />
your departure date as some hotels will charge you a fee for<br />
early departure.<br />
9. For changes, cancellations or general inquiry call: 1-866-229-2386<br />
(M-F 9am - 5pm EST, excluding holidays)<br />
PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY<br />
Occupant:<br />
E-Mail:<br />
Company:<br />
Address:<br />
City: State: Zip:<br />
Country:<br />
Daytime Phone #:<br />
Fax #:<br />
HOTEL RESERVATION FORM<br />
Ext:<br />
Arrival Date: \ \ Departure Date: \ \<br />
Other Occupant Names:<br />
Share With:<br />
Share With:<br />
Share With:<br />
Special Room Requirements:<br />
Please Note: NO SHUTTLE SERVICE will be provided.<br />
Hotel Preference: (please write out hotel name, in order of preference)<br />
1. 2. 3.<br />
4.<br />
HOW TO MAKE A HOTEL RESERVATION<br />
Type of Accommodations Requested: (based on availability)<br />
q Single (1 Bed, 1 Person) q Suite<br />
(for suite availability and rates<br />
q Double (1 Bed, 2 People)<br />
contact <strong>SME</strong> directly)<br />
q Double/Double (2 Beds, 2 People)<br />
q Add roll-away to room q Accessible Room<br />
Payment: (card expiration date must be valid through 3/13)<br />
q VISA q MasterCard q AMEX q Discover q Diners Club<br />
Name (as listed on card):<br />
Card Number:<br />
Signature:<br />
OPENS NOVEMBER 1, 2012<br />
On-line:<br />
www.smenet.org<br />
Mail:<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Housing c/o Experient (RET132)<br />
PO Box 4088<br />
Frederick, MD 21705<br />
Fax:<br />
301-694-5124<br />
HOTEL Single Double Triple Quad<br />
1 – Hyatt Regency at $175 $175 $185 $185<br />
CO Convention Center<br />
2 – Hilton Garden Inn $169 $169 $179 $179<br />
3 – Embassy Suites $179 $189 $199 $209<br />
4 – Sheraton Denver $175 $175 $190 $205<br />
5 – Grand Hyatt $170 $170 $195 $220<br />
6 – Marriott City Center $173 $173 $188 $203<br />
7 – Westin Tabor Center $175 $175 $195 $215<br />
All hotels are 100% Non-Smoking<br />
(based on availability at the time of check-in.<br />
Unavailable in a room with two beds)<br />
CVC<br />
Exp<br />
Cancellation Policy: A valid credit card is required to guarantee your reservation. Reservations may be cancelled without penalty until January 28,<br />
2013. After January 28, 2013 a $75 cancellation/processing fee will be charged. One night’s room rate plus tax will be charged for cancellations<br />
within 72 hours of arrival.<br />
134
-<br />
ATTENDEE ADVANCE REGISTRATION FORM<br />
(Exhibitors should use Exhibitor Forms in the 2013 <strong>SME</strong> Exhibitor Service Kit)<br />
2013 <strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit • February 24 – 27, 2013 • Denver, Colorado USA<br />
INSTRUCTIONS:<br />
• A $25 processing fee will be assessed on substitutions received after January 28, 2013<br />
• Registration may be sent via Fax only if payment is by credit card (301-694-5124 secure line)<br />
• General registration questions – 866-229-2386 or E-mail: smeattendee@experient-inc.com<br />
Conference program questions – contact <strong>SME</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong>s Dept. at 303-948-4200<br />
• Mail form and payment by January 28, 2013 to address at right<br />
• Checks should be made payable to <strong>SME</strong> in US funds<br />
• All cancellations must be submitted in writing by e-mail: smeattendee@experient-inc.com<br />
or fax: 301-694-5124 and are subject to a $100 processing fee. No refunds after January 28, 2013<br />
• Registration is required to purchase tickets, however registrants may purchase more than one ticket<br />
On-line:<br />
Mail:<br />
HOW TO REGISTER<br />
www.smenet.org<br />
<strong>SME</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> Registration (RET132)<br />
c/o Experient<br />
PO Box 4088<br />
Frederick, MD 21705<br />
Fax: 301-694-5124<br />
Phone: 866-229-2386<br />
Please Note: This icon - represents MANDATORY<br />
COMPLETION for processing of your registration.<br />
ATTENDEE REGISTRATION<br />
First Name: Last Name: To appear on badge (if different):<br />
Job Title:<br />
Company:<br />
Address:<br />
City: State/Province: Country: Zip/Postal Code:<br />
Day Phone: Evening Phone: Fax:<br />
E-mail:<br />
Special Needs:<br />
Member # (required for discount) Member of: q <strong>SME</strong> q CMA q TMS q AIST q SPE<br />
$130 before January 28, 2013<br />
(Check the Spouse/Guest Box in REGISTRATION FEES below)<br />
Spouses must register to attend the Exhibit. Fee covers: daily exhibit access,<br />
Monday Brunch, Monday Luncheon, Tuesday Afternoon Social, and Wednesday<br />
Breakfast. Please join us for a complimentary brunch. See details below.<br />
First Name:<br />
To appear on badge (if different):<br />
City:<br />
E-mail:<br />
SPOUSE/GUEST REGISTRATION<br />
Last Name:<br />
State:<br />
Complimentary Spouse/Guest Meet & Greet Brunch<br />
Please check this box if you plan on attending. You must register<br />
as a Spouse/Guest to attend this function.<br />
Monday, Feb. 25 • 11am – 1pm • Hyatt Regency Convention Center<br />
-<br />
REGISTRATION FEES<br />
BEFORE 1/28/13<br />
FULL 1-DAY<br />
AFTER 1/28/13<br />
FULL 1-DAY<br />
Member (FAM) $525 $300 $625 $360 $<br />
Student Member (SM) $95 $95 $110 $110 $<br />
Retired Senior Member (RM) $255 $255 $285 $285 $<br />
Legion of Honor Member (LM) $255 $255 $285 $285 $<br />
Nonmember Author (AT) $525 $300 $625 $360 $<br />
Nonmember (FAN) $655 N/A $755 N/A $<br />
Student Nonmember (SN) $115 $115 $130 $130 $<br />
Spouse/Guest (SG) $130 $130 $140 $140 $<br />
1-Day Exhibit Hall Only (OEH) N/A $140 N/A $150 $<br />
If you are registering for the MEMBER-ONLY 1-DAY REGISTRATION or<br />
1-DAY EXHIBIT HALL ONLY PASS, indicate which day:<br />
SUNDAY<br />
MONDAY<br />
TUESDAY<br />
WEDNESDAY<br />
(Field Trips are subject to cancellation based on participation and weather.<br />
No refunds or exchanges after January 28, 2013.)<br />
Saturday, February 23<br />
_____ Young Leaders Cripple Creek & Victor Gold Mine [$75] FT1 $__________<br />
Thursday, February 28<br />
_____ Henderson Mine [$75]<br />
(No refunds or exchanges after January 28, 2013.)<br />
FT2 $__________<br />
Sunday, February 24<br />
_____ <strong>SME</strong> Foundation Dinner [$95]<br />
FDD $__________<br />
_____ Sponsor Table of 8 [$2,500]<br />
FDT $__________<br />
Table Name _______________________________<br />
Monday, February 25<br />
_____ Rising Professionals Social [$30]<br />
RPS $__________<br />
_____ Innovations in Metallurgical Processing Reception [$55] IMP $__________<br />
_____ Young Leaders Mentoring Session/Lunch [$20] YMS $__________<br />
Tuesday, February 26<br />
_____ Coal & Energy Division Luncheon [$45]<br />
_____ Environmental Division Luncheon [$45]<br />
CDL $__________<br />
EDL $__________<br />
_____ Industrial Minerals & Aggregates Div. Luncheon [$45] IML $__________<br />
_____ Scotch Nightcap [$50]<br />
_____ Women of <strong>SME</strong> Breakfast [$35]<br />
_____ CMA Awards Banquet [$95]<br />
Wednesday, February 27<br />
_____ Mining & Exploration Division Luncheon [$45]<br />
SNC $__________<br />
WSB $__________<br />
CMA $__________<br />
MEL $__________<br />
_____ Mineral & Metallurgical Processing Div. Luncheon [$45] MPL $__________<br />
_____ CMA Luncheon [$50]<br />
FIELD TRIPS<br />
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS<br />
CML $__________<br />
<strong>SME</strong> Dinner:<br />
_____ Individual Tickets [$80]<br />
SD $__________<br />
_____ Table of 10 [$800]<br />
SDT $__________<br />
Table Name _______________________________
ATTENDEE ADVANCE REGISTRATION FORM<br />
2013 <strong>SME</strong>/CMA <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> & Exhibit • February 24 – 27, 2013 • Denver, Colorado USA<br />
First Name<br />
(Check one)<br />
-<br />
_____ Coal Mining (1B)<br />
_____ Coal Processing (6)<br />
_____ Economics (4)<br />
_____ Environmental (7)<br />
_____ Geology / Exploration (8)<br />
_____ Government (2)<br />
_____ Industrial Minerals & Aggregates Mining (1C)<br />
_____ Industrial Minerals & Aggregates Processing (1D)<br />
_____ Manufacturing (5)<br />
_____ Marine Mining (1M)<br />
_____ Metallurgy (9)<br />
_____ Metals Mining (1A)<br />
_____ Metals Processing (10)<br />
_____ Underground Construction / Tunneling (11)<br />
-<br />
(Check all that apply)<br />
_____ Consultant (C)<br />
_____ Educator (D)<br />
_____ Engineer (E)<br />
_____ General Manager / Vice President (G)<br />
_____ Geologist (H)<br />
_____ Marketing / Sales (M)<br />
_____ Mine / Plant Manager (N)<br />
_____ Owner (O)<br />
_____ President / CEO / COO (P)<br />
_____ Purchasin g Agent (R)<br />
_____ Scientist / Researcher (S)<br />
_____ Student (T)<br />
_____ Supervisor / Foreman (U)<br />
Check here if you are a<br />
Nonmember applying<br />
for <strong>SME</strong> membership<br />
FIELD / INTEREST<br />
JOB DESCRIPTION<br />
Check here if this is an<br />
address change<br />
Last Name<br />
SHORT COURSES<br />
(Fees are in addition to <strong>SME</strong> registration. All short courses are held at the Colorado Convention Center.)<br />
February 23-24, 2013<br />
Copper Heap Leach<br />
_____ Member<br />
ADVANCE<br />
$495<br />
AFTER 1/28/13<br />
$570<br />
_____ Nonmember $595 $670<br />
_____ Student Member $350 $425<br />
Introduction to the Design on Bulk Material Handling Conveyors<br />
_____ Member $495 $570<br />
_____ Nonmember $595 $670<br />
_____ Student Member $350 $425<br />
Ore Reserve Risk and Optimization in Strategic Mine Planning:<br />
Stochastic Models and Optimization<br />
_____ Member $495 $570<br />
_____ Nonmember $595 $670<br />
_____ Student Member $350 $425<br />
February 24, 2013<br />
ADVANCE AFTER 1/28/13<br />
Basic Safety and Health Practices for the Mining Industry<br />
_____ Member $395 $470<br />
_____ Nonmember $495 $570<br />
_____ Student Member $295 $370<br />
Seismic Analysis and Interpretation for Mining<br />
_____ Member $395 $470<br />
_____ Nonmember $495 $570<br />
_____ Student Member $295 $370<br />
Ground Freezing for Mining Applications<br />
_____ Member $395 $470<br />
_____ Nonmember $495 $570<br />
_____ Student Member $295 $370<br />
Mine Water Balance<br />
_____ Member $395 $470<br />
_____ Nonmember $495 $570<br />
_____ Student Member $295 $370<br />
Overview of Sustainability Reporting and GRI for Extractive Professionals<br />
_____ Member $395 $470<br />
_____ Nonmember $495 $570<br />
_____ Student Member $295 $370<br />
Available for pick-up at the meeting in the <strong>SME</strong> Bookstore.<br />
IF YOU ARE A NONMEMBER PLEASE VISIT www.smenet.org.<br />
SEE FOR YOURSELF THE COST SAVINGS AND BENEFITS OF <strong>SME</strong> MEMBERSHIP!<br />
-<br />
Additional copies may be purchased:<br />
PROCEEDINGS<br />
_____ 2013 <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> CD-ROM<br />
ROM $__________<br />
[$59 Member, $69 Nonmember, $49 Student Member]<br />
<strong>Full</strong> registrations, one-day and students receive a complimentary 2013 <strong>Annual</strong> <strong>Meeting</strong> Preprint CD.<br />
-<br />
As an added benefit, you may receive information from exhibitors such as invitations, contests and<br />
other news via email. If you do NOT want to receive such email, please check here<br />
(Please total both pages)<br />
Payment must be in US Dollars<br />
PAYMENT<br />
GRAND TOTAL $___________________<br />
Check or Money Order payable to (<strong>SME</strong>) Society of Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc.<br />
American Express MasterCard VISA DISCOVER<br />
CARD NUMBER EXPIRATION DATE (mm/yy) CVV Code<br />
SIGNATURE _________________________________________________________________________<br />
I agree to pay the total according to card issuers agreement.<br />
ADVANCE REGISTRATION DEADLINE: JANUARY 28, 2013
CURRENT TRENDS in<br />
MINING FINANCE<br />
April 29-30, 2013 • City University of New York, Graduate Center • New York, NY<br />
The Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, <strong>SME</strong> (www.smenet.org) will host its first annual conference on<br />
Current Trends in Mining Finance in New York City. This two-day conference is intended for senior executives as<br />
well as mining industry specialists among bankers, analysts and investors, and will cover a range of important topics,<br />
including: general trends in project evaluation and investment decision-making; drivers of future industry mergers and<br />
acquisitions; tax and accounting issues facing the mining industry; risk factors in the current market environment;<br />
new sources of funding for mining projects; trends in mineral development agreements; and the impact of “soft” issues<br />
on mine development and finance. This is a unique opportunity to get current on important issues that affect project<br />
finance, investment and strategic planning. Send your abstract now for consideration. Space is limited.<br />
The organizing committee has issued a call for presentations. The planned topics are:<br />
• Current Overview and Outlook for the Global<br />
Mining Sector<br />
• Strategic and Operational Issues and Challenges<br />
Mining Companies are Facing<br />
° Financial Evaluation of Mining Projects<br />
° Resource Valuation Trends<br />
° Strategic and Financial Planning Challenges for<br />
Operating and Exploration Companies<br />
° Methods and Metrics Used in Analysis of<br />
Commodity Price Volatility<br />
• Regulatory and Related Compliance Issues and Trends<br />
Impacting Mining Investment Today<br />
° Resource and Reserve Reporting: An Overview<br />
and Comparison of SEC, JORC, NI 43-101, etc.<br />
° ESR Impact on Mine Development,<br />
Investment and Finance<br />
° Trends and Issues Impacting New Sources<br />
of Funds in Mining<br />
• Legal, Tax, Accounting Issues Impacting Capital<br />
Markets, Cross Border M&A and Foreign Investment<br />
° Tax and Accounting Issues<br />
° Trends and Factors to Examine in Mineral<br />
Development and Concession Agreements<br />
° Resource Nationalism<br />
° Election Impact on Mining in the U.S.,<br />
China, Mexico, etc.<br />
° Investment, Private Equity and Sovereign<br />
Wealth Fund Investing in Mining
Society for Mining, Metallurgy,<br />
and Exploration, Inc.<br />
12999 E. Adam Aircraft Circle<br />
Englewood, CO 80112 USA<br />
MINING: IT’S ABOUT THE PEOPLE<br />
www.smenet.org • 800-763-3132 • 303-948-4200 • meetings@smenet.org