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Physiology and Anatomy<br />
<strong>Unit</strong> 4: <strong>The</strong> <strong>Skeleton</strong><br />
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday<br />
10/9 10/10 10/11 10/12 10/13<br />
Work on <strong>Skeleton</strong><br />
Packet<br />
Coloring<br />
Bone Markings<br />
Skeletal System<br />
Notes<br />
Video<br />
Work on skeleton<br />
Packet<br />
Microscope Lab<br />
Bone<br />
identification<br />
10/16 10/17 10/18 10/19 10/20<br />
Continue Notes<br />
Axial <strong>Skeleton</strong><br />
Review<br />
Quiz: Axial<br />
<strong>Skeleton</strong><br />
(Packet through<br />
axial <strong>Skeleton</strong><br />
due)<br />
Notes (if<br />
needed)<br />
Work on Pasta<br />
<strong>Skeleton</strong>s<br />
PSAT Day<br />
Review<br />
Appendicular<br />
<strong>Skeleton</strong><br />
Review Bone<br />
markings<br />
Appendicular<br />
<strong>Skeleton</strong> Quiz<br />
Begin Pasta<br />
<strong>Skeleton</strong>s<br />
10/23 10/24 10/25 10/26 10/27<br />
Joints and body<br />
movement<br />
Brad <strong>Skeleton</strong>s<br />
identifying joint<br />
types and<br />
movements<br />
Finish Notes<br />
Packet Part 2<br />
due<br />
Review Skeletal<br />
System<br />
Test: Skeletal<br />
System<br />
Work on book<br />
review (if<br />
needed)<br />
Coloring sheets:<br />
muscular system<br />
Book Review<br />
Due (Ch 5-8)<br />
Plan Halloween<br />
Party<br />
Muscular system<br />
intro<br />
10/30 10/31 11/1 11/2 11/3<br />
Muscular System<br />
Video<br />
End of 2 nd Six Weeks<br />
Coloring and<br />
labeling<br />
Points of insertion<br />
and origin
Physiology and Anatomy<br />
<strong>Unit</strong> 4: <strong>The</strong> <strong>Skeleton</strong><br />
Objectives<br />
1) Compare and contrast the histology, location, function of cartilage, compact and spongy bone.<br />
a) List and describe five important functions of bone.<br />
b) Compare and contrast the structure of the four bone classes and provide examples of each class.<br />
c) Describe the gross anatomy of a typical long bone. Indicate the locations and functions of red and yellow marrow,<br />
articular cartilage, periosteum and endosteum.<br />
d) Distinguish clearly between the several types of bone markings and note their relative functions.<br />
e) Discuss the chemical composition of bone and the relative advantages conferred by its organic and its inorganic<br />
components.<br />
f) Describe the process of long bone growth that occurs at the epiphyseal plates.<br />
2) Identify the bones of the axial and appendicular skeletons and describe their relative functions.<br />
a) Name, describe and identify the bones of the skull. Identify their important markings.<br />
b) Describe the general structure of the vertebral column and lists its components.<br />
c) Indicate a common function of the spinal curvatures and the intervertebral discs.<br />
d) Discuss the structure of a typical vertebra and then describe the special features of cervical, thoracic and lumbar<br />
vertebrae.<br />
e) Name and describe the bones of the bony thorax.<br />
f) Identify the bones forming the pectoral girdle and relate their structure and arrangement to the function of this girdle.<br />
g) Identify important bone markings on the pectoral girdle.<br />
h) Identify or name the bones of the upper and lower limbs and their important markings.<br />
i) Name the bones contributing to the ossa coxae and relate the strength of the pelvic girdle to its function.<br />
j) Describe the differences in the anatomy of the male and female pelvis and relate these to functional differences.<br />
3) Classify joints according to their structure and function.<br />
a) Define joint or articulation.<br />
b) Describe the general structure of fibrous joints. Name and give examples of each of the three common types of fibrous<br />
joints.<br />
c) Describe the general structure of cartilaginous joints. Name and give an example of each of the two common types of<br />
cartilaginous joints.<br />
d) Describe the structural characteristics shared by all synovial joints.<br />
e) Compare the structures and functions of bursae and tendon sheaths.<br />
f) Name and describe (or perform) the common body movements.<br />
g) Name six types of synovial joints based on the movement(s) allowed. Provide an example of each type.<br />
h) Describe the elbow, knee, hip and shoulder joints. Consider in each case the articulating bones, anatomical<br />
characteristics of the joint, movements allowed and relative joint stability.<br />
4) Describe the homeostatic processes and imbalances associated with bones and joints.<br />
a) Compare the locations and functions of the osteocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bone remodeling.<br />
b) Explain how hormonal controls and physical stress regulate bone remodeling.<br />
c) Describe common types of bone fractures and the steps of fracture repair.<br />
d) Describe how skeletal proportions change during childhood, adolescence and as we age.<br />
e) Discuss briefly the factors that promote or disturb bone or joint homeostasis, and discuss the symptoms and problems<br />
with associated disorders.