ZEND PHP 5 Certification STUDY GUIDE

Security ” 221
Register Globals
When set to On, the register_globals configuration directive automatically injects
variables into scripts. That is, all variables from the query string, posted forms, session
store, cookies, and so on are available in what appear to be locally-named variables.
Thus, if variables are not initialized before use, it is possible for a malicious
user to set script variables and compromise an application.
Consider the following code used in an environment where register_globals is
set to On. The $loggedin variable is not initialized, so a user for whom checkLogin()
would fail can easily set $loggedin by passing loggedin=1 through the query string.
In this way, anyone can gain access to a restricted portion of the site. To mitigate
this risk, simply set $loggedin = FALSE at the top of the script or turn off
register_globals, which is the preferred approach. While setting register_globals
to Off is the preferred approach, it is a best practice to always initialize variables.
if (checkLogin())
{
$loggedin = TRUE;
}
if ($loggedin)
{
// do stuff only for logged in users
}
Note that a by-product of having register_globals turned on is that it is impossible
to determine the origin of input. In the previous example, a user could set $loggedin
from the query string, a posted form, or a cookie. Nothing restricts the scope in
which the user can set it, and nothing identifies the scope from which it comes. A
best practice for maintainable and manageable code is to use the appropriate superglobal
array for the location from which you expect the data to originate—$_GET,
$_POST, or $_COOKIE. This accomplishes two things: first of all, you will know the origin
of the data; in addition, users are forced to play by your rules when sending data
to your application.
Before PHP 4.2.0, the register_globals configuration directive was set to On by
default. Since then, this directive has been set to Off by default; as of PHP 6, it will
no longer exist.
Licensed to 482634 - Amber Barrow (itsadmin@deakin.edu.au)