Alternatives to Methyl Bromide - DTIE

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Sourcebook of Technologies for Protecting the Ozone Layer: Alternatives to Methyl Bromide 250 Sioux Steam Cleaner Corp One Sioux Plaza Beresford, South Dakota 57004, USA Tel +1 605 763 3333 Fax +1 605 763 3334 Email: sioux@bmtc.net www.siouxsteam.com Sluis & Groot Postbus 26, 1600 AA Enkhuizen, Netherlands Dr Edwin Soderstrom USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory 2021 Smith Peach Avenue Fresno, California 93727, USA Tel +1 209 453 3029 Soil Technologies Corp. 2103 185th Street Fairfield, Iowa 52556, USA Tel +1 515 472 3963 Fax +1 515 472 6189 Solplast Murcia, Spain Tel +34 967 461 311 www.solplast.es Sonoma Composts 550 Meacham Road Petaluma, California 94952, USA Tel +1 707 664 9113 Fax + 1 707 664 1943 www.sonomacompost.com Dr Lim Guan Soon International Institute of Biological Control, Regional Office for Asia IIBC Station, PO Box 210, 43409 UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia Tel +603 942 6489 Fax +603 942 6490 Email: cabi-iibc-malaysia@cabi.org Sotrafa Carretera Nacional 340, km 416,4 El Ejido, Almería 04700, Spain Tel +34 950 580 442 Fax +34 950 580 233 Email: sotrafa@mundivia.es Contact: Ing. Carlos López García Southern Importers PO Box 8579 Greensboro, North Carolina 27419, USA Tel +1 336 292 4521 Fax +1 336 852 6397 Email: sales@southernimporters.com www.southernimporters.com Contact: Ms Georgia Kinney South Pine Inc PO Box 530127 Birmingham, Alabama 35253, USA Tel +1 205 879 1099 Spectrum Technologies Inc 23839 W. Andrew Rd Plainfield, Illinois 60544, USA Tel +1 880 248 8873 Fax +1 815 436 4460 Email: specmeters@aol.com www.specmeters.com Contact: Mr Kevin M Thurow Dr Yitzhak Spiegel Institute of Plant Protection Agricultural Research Organisation PO Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel Tel +97 23 968 3437 Fax +97 23 960 4180 Email: vpspigl@netvision.net.il SPIROU Co S Marconi Street 142 22 Athens, Greece Sprague Pest Solutions PO Box 2222 Tacoma, Washington 98401-2222, USA Tel +1 253-272-4400 Fax +1 253-272-9676 Email: jweier@spraguepest.com Contact: Mr Jeff Weier Dr James Stapleton Kearney Agricultural Center Univerisity of California 9240 S. Riverbend Avenue Parlier, California 93648, USA Tel +1 209 646 6536 Fax +1 209 646 6593 Email: jim@uckac.edu Statewide IPM Project University of California Kearney Agricultural Center 9240 S. Riverbend Avenue Parlier, CA 93648, USA Tel +1 209 646 6000 Fax +1 209 646 6015 www.ipm.ucdavis.edu
Steamist Company PO Box 1171 275 Veterans Blvd Rutherford, New Jersey 07070, USA Tel +1 201 933 0700 Fax +1 201 933 0746 Email: steamist@worldnet.att.net www.steamist.com Contact: John Duggan Prof Alison Stewart Plant Science Department Lincoln University, Canterbury New Zealand Tel +643 325 2811 Email: stewarta@lincoln.ac.nz Stine Microbial Products 6613 Haskins Shawnee, Kansas 66216, USA Tel +1 913 268 7504 Fax +1 913 268 7504 Stine Seed Co Adel, Iowa 50003, USA Tel +1 515 677 2605 Suata Plants (Chile) Casilla 60 Lampa Santiago, Chile Tel +562 243 1611 or 842 6071 Fax +562 243 3030 Email: mabiggi@entelchile.net Suata Plants SA (Colombia) Calle 124 No. 35 – 15 Of 202 PO Box 54399 Santafé de Bogotá, Colombia Tel +571 619 8491 Fax +571 215 9988 Email: suatap@colomsat.net.co www.suataplants.com.co Contact: Mr Julio Piñeros Suata Plants SA (Ecuador) Antonio Navarro 148 y Whimper Quito, Ecuador Tel +593 222 6045 or 970 6451 Fax +593 222 6045 Email: eorjuela@accesinter.net Suata Plants SA (Mexico) Heroes del 14 Septiembre No. 20 Estado de México CP, Mexico Tel +52 714 600 34 or 67 Fax +52 714 600 67 Email: coxflor@mail.dsinet.com.mx Subtropical Agriculture Research Laboratory, Kika De La Garza Subtropical Agricultural Research Center USDA-ARS 2413 E Hwy 83, Bldg 200 Weslaco, Texas78596, USA Contact: Dr Robert Mangan, Dr Krista Shellie Sukhtian Co PO Box 1027 Amman, Jordan Tel +962 6 568 8888 Fax +962 6 560 1568 Sulzer GmbH Refrigeration Division Kemptener Strasse 11-15 88131 Lindau Germany Tel +49 838 270 62 59 Fax +49 838 273 202 Dr Donald Sumner Department of Plant Pathology University of Georgia Coastal Plain Station PO Box 748 Tifton, Georgia 31793, USA Tel +1 912 386 3370 Fax +1 912 386 7285 Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program (SAREP) University of California One Shields Avenue Davis, California 95616-8716, USA Tel +1 530 752 7556 Fax +1 530 754 8550 Email: sarep@ucdavis.edu Sustane Corp PO Box 19 Cannon Falls, Minnesota 55009, USA Tel +1 507 263 3003 Fax +1 507 263 3029 Sylvan Spawn Laboratory West Hills Industrial Park Kittanning, Pennsylvania16201, USA Tel +1 412 543 2242 T Tallon Termite and Pest Control 5702 Pioneer Bakersville, California 93306, USA Tel +1 805 366 0516 Fax +1 805 366 0573 Annex 6: Address List of Suppliers and Specialists in Alternatives 251
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Sourcebook of Technologies for Prot
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Sourcebook of Technologies for Prot
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Table of Contents List of tables, b
Page 7 and 8:
Technical description .............
Page 9 and 10:
Annex 1 About the UNEP DTIE OzonAct
Page 11 and 12:
Table 4.2.4 Examples of nematode pe
Page 13 and 14:
Foreword The threats of a depleted
Page 15 and 16:
1 Introduction Methyl Bromide In ma
Page 17 and 18:
Figure 1.1 Breakdown of MB applicat
Page 19 and 20:
How to use this Sourcebook The flow
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2 Guidance for Selecting Non-ODS Te
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In evaluating these points, it will
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introduced, workers are trained and
Page 27 and 28:
3 Control of Soil-borne Pests Soil-
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Table 3.3 Soil-borne bacteria and v
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Steam heat. Substrates or soil subs
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Table 3.8 Summary of techniques in
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Alternative techniques Protected cu
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) Tolerable levels of pests. Steril
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Regulatory - present and future. Ma
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4 Alternative Techniques for Contro
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Table 4.1.2 Efficacy and timing of
Page 45 and 46:
have traditionally included lower v
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useful if combined with other techn
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Table 4.1.5 continued Dr J Fresno,
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Table 4.2.1 Examples of commercial
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Table 4.2.3 Characteristics of seve
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Table 4.2.5 Examples of soil-borne
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Safety precautions for users Approv
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Products or services Gliocladium sp
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Products or services Other products
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4.3 Fumigants and other chemical pr
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10°C and moist; soil covering is n
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Likewise, applying the fumigant to
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Feldmesser 1987, Rodríguez-Kábana
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Cost considerations Examples of che
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4.4 Soil amendments and compost Adv
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killing some weed seeds and pathoge
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Variations under development Resear
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Acceptability to markets and consum
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Products and services Specialists,
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times may be shorter, however, for
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Table 4.5.5 Weeds controlled by sol
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Variations under development Spraya
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Cost considerations Strip solarisat
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4.6 Steam treatments Advantages Mod
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Hood or metal box method In this me
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Yields and performance Where the te
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Table 4.6.5 Examples of suppliers o
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4.7 Substrates entails costs for re
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Table 4.7.2 Comparison of two subst
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and to a limited extent for open-fi
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Ozone depleting potential Substrate
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Table 4.7.5 continued Examples of c
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5 Control of Pests in Commodities a
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Table 5.2 Examples of quarantine pe
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Table 5.4 Effective techniques for
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Table 5.6 Examples of quarantine tr
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1. Develop a thorough understanding
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6 Alternative Techniques for Contro
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Table 6.1.1 Examples of pest-free z
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Table 6.1.3 Examples of specialists
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only be used for perishable and dur
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5 hours in wheat, maize and soy bea
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Table 6.2.4 Products where cold tre
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Table 6.2.5 Suppliers of products a
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pests, but most OPs have limited ef
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Table 6.3.2 Examples of commercial
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Other environmental considerations
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6.4 Controlled and modified atmosph
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moisture migration are required for
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Table 6.4.2 Carbon dioxide disinfes
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grain stored for 2 years. (Batchelo
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6.5 Heat treatments Advantages Very
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treatment. Some structures cannot t
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Table 6.5.3 Examples of heat treatm
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involve relatively high fuel costs.
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6.6 Inert dusts Advantages Little o
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sprayed onto the walls of the stora
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Table 6.6.2 Pests that can be contr
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Table 6.6.3 Examples of specialists
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holds, gas-tight shipping container
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China for small lots (about 50 tonn
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Combination treatmens To overcome s
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able commodities. Phosphine is less
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Ozone depletion The fumigants in th
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Type of equipment or service Phosph
Page 175 and 176:
Annex 1 About the UNEP DTIE OzonAct
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Country Programmes and Institutiona
Page 179 and 180:
Annex 2 Glossary, Acronyms and Unit
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Acronyms Acronym APHIS ATSDR CA DE
Page 183 and 184:
Annex 3 Chemical Safety Data Sheets
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Methyl bromide Chemical formula: CH
Page 187 and 188:
Boric acid (borates) Chemical formu
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Carbon bisulphide Chemical formula:
Page 191 and 192:
Chloropicrin Chemical formula: CCl
Page 193 and 194:
Dazomet Chemical formula: C 5 H 10
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Protective measures: Follow all saf
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Page 199 and 200:
First aid: Contact medical assistan
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
First aid: Contact medical assistan
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Methyl iodide Chemical formula: CH
Page 209 and 210:
Nitrogen Chemical formula: N 2 CAS
Page 211 and 212: Protective measures: Follow all saf
Page 213 and 214: Annex 4 Steps for Identifying Appro
Page 215 and 216: Table D Soil-borne pests requiring
Page 217 and 218: Table F Review of alternative techn
Page 219 and 220: Annex 5 Information Resources UNEP
Page 221 and 222: ENEA, Italian Committee of Innovati
Page 223 and 224: International Research Conference o
Page 225 and 226: Website for Alternative Farming Sys
Page 227 and 228: Annex 6 Address List of Suppliers a
Page 229 and 230: Aislantes Minerales SA de CV Descar
Page 231 and 232: Bel Import 2000 SL La Campana 66, L
Page 233 and 234: Boverhuis Boilers BV Beatrixlaan 22
Page 235 and 236: CeRSAA Regione Rollo, 98 17031 Albe
Page 237 and 238: CSIRO Division of Entomology Stored
Page 239 and 240: Dryacide Australia Pty Ltd 1/20 Rye
Page 241 and 242: Federal Biological Research Centre
Page 243 and 244: Dr Walter Gould Research Entomologi
Page 245 and 246: Harmony Farm Supply 3244 Gravenstei
Page 247 and 248: I ICC-SIAPA, CER Via Vittorio Venet
Page 249 and 250: Jackson & Perkins 1 Rose Lane Medfo
Page 251 and 252: Dr Kirk Larson University of Califo
Page 253 and 254: Medak Andhra Pradesh, India Tel +91
Page 255 and 256: New BioProducts Inc 4737 NW Elmwood
Page 257 and 258: P Kooij & Zonen BV PO Box 341, Aals
Page 259 and 260: Dr William Quarles Bio-Integral Res
Page 261: SB Talee Calle 82 No. 11 - 83 Of 50
Page 265 and 266: Topp Construction Services Inc PO B
Page 267 and 268: Vortus BV Olivier van Noortstraat 4
Page 269 and 270: Annex 7 References, Websites and Fu
Page 271 and 272: DLV 1995. De Teelt Van Aardbeien [H
Page 273 and 274: Shaw D and Larson K 1996. Relative
Page 275 and 276: Food and Agriculture Organization o
Page 277 and 278: Hunt JS and Gale DS 1998. Use of be
Page 279 and 280: List of Retail Suppliers of Benefic
Page 281 and 282: MBTOC 1998. Assessment of Alternati
Page 283 and 284: Bello A 1998. Biofumigation and int
Page 285 and 286: Alternatives and Emissions Reductio
Page 287 and 288: Vegetable Research and Information
Page 289 and 290: Horowitz J, Regev Y and Herzlinger
Page 291 and 292: Quarles W 1997. Steam - the hottest
Page 293 and 294: MBTOC 1998. Assessment of Alternati
Page 295 and 296: Burkholder WE 1985. Pheromones for
Page 297 and 298: Skadedyrcentralen Danmark 1999. Alt
Page 299 and 300: Chauvin G and Vannier G 1991. La r
Page 301 and 302: Hardy JP 1997. Practical applicatio
Page 303 and 304: E (eds.) Proceedings International
Page 305 and 306: Shellie KC and Rodde K 1999. Semi-c
Page 307 and 308: Section 6.5 Heat Treatments Durable
Page 309 and 310: Armstrong JW 1994. Heat and cold tr
Page 311 and 312: Arthur FH 1999. Evaluation of a new
Page 313 and 314:
ASEAN 1989. Suggested Recommendatio
Page 315 and 316:
Kostjukovsky M, Carmi Y, Atsmi S an
Page 317 and 318:
White BR et al 1997. Field-testing
Page 319 and 320:
Annex 8 Index A Acanthoscelides - a
Page 321 and 322:
Cyprus, 33, 102, 111, 117, 130, 131
Page 323 and 324:
104, 116, 117, 119, 131, 134, 161,
Page 325 and 326:
Phosphine, 11, 101, 102, 104, 110,
Page 327 and 328:
Traps for pests, 30, 31, 33, 34, 10
Page 329:
A Word from the Chief of UNEP DTIE
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