Maltings in England - English Heritage

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Multi-Storey Pattern A variant of the two storey is the multi-storey. The principle is the same, the bottom storeys are used for growing and the top one or two, depending on the overall number of floors, were for storage. The steep was at one end of the building and the kiln(s) were at the opposite end.. 77. Plan of the ground floof. Warwick and Richardson’s Brewery Maltings, Northgate, Newark. Hybrid: Multi-Storey - Ware Pattern Finally there is the hybrid multi storey Ware type. In this type either barley storage or the malt storage is at one end of the building as in the Ware type of malthouse, but unlike that type not at both ends. Then, whichever of the barley or malt is not at one end is stored on the top floor(s) as in the multi storey type of malthouse. Obviously if the malt storage is at one end of the building, then the kiln will be between it and the growing floors. Therefore it is usually possible to determine which is a barley storage area and which is a malt storage area. 78. Malthouse No 4 Weymouth, Dorset. [BB95/08097] © ENGLISH HERITAGE MALTINGS IN ENGLAND 34
Pneumatic Maltings Pneumatic maltings are a type on their own, and certainly by the mid 20 th century they cannot be said to resemble any of the earlier maltings. That is not the case with some of the late 19 th century pneumatic maltings which were laid out very much like a traditional floor maltings. There had been two largely unsuccessful attempts to develop pneumatic maltings in the mid 19 th century. The first attempt was by Patrick Stead in 1842 and then in 1852 Tizzard developed a different system. However, it was not until 1878 that a true pneumatic malting was developed although it was still not mechanical, and turning the grain was done by hand! The building of the first English pneumatic malting does survive at Beeston, Nottinghamshire (not listed), although there is no particular evidence of its early use. The national development of pneumatic maltings (that is pneumatic and mechanical) did not begin until the late 1880s. There were two types of system. One uses a rotating drum to turn the sprouting grain and the other is a box in which the grain is turned by large moving screws. Both systems had air forced through them which was the pneumatic part of the process. The earliest Saladin (box) plant was at Wainford, Norfolk (1891) and the earliest drum malting was at Sawbridgeworth (1896). Thereafter a number of pneumatic maltings were built, mainly for breweries and distilleries (English) and more rarely for malting firms. The one notable exception was the drum maltings at Sawbridgeworth (Lower Sheering, Essex) for H. A. & D. Taylor. It would appear that the breweries and distilleries had more money to invest in this new invention which would in any case save them money in the long run. Most of the evidence for the installation of pneumatic plant comes from the Brewers’ Journal and that appears to have reported primarily on drum maltings. Thus it should not be taken for granted that Saladin plants were not installed, rather they were not consistently reported. In addition these, old floor maltings were sometimes converted, for example at South Milford, North Yorkshire was converted to a drum malting. It ceased to operate in the late 1990s. Although pneumatic maltings were built from the 1890s onwards, it was still common for floor maltings to be built, in particular in the first decade of the 20 th century, and even thereafter, in the 1920s, 1930s and with as we have seen the last one being built in 1952/3 at Grimsby. In fact it was not until after the Second World War that pneumatic plant really began to supersede floor malting. New plants were built in the 1950s at Louth, (Saladin), and at Wallingford and at Bury St Edmunds, for example. These new plants looked less and less like traditional maltings, and more and more like any other factory, for example French and Jupps modern drum maltings at Stanstead Abbots are in plain factory buildings. 79. Saladin Box Maltings, Gainsborough, Lincolnshire. [AA98/03358] © ENGLISH HERITAGE MALTINGS IN ENGLAND 35
Page 1 and 2: STRATEGY FOR THE HISTORIC INDUSTRIA
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was co
Page 5 and 6: SUMMARY This report will seek to ch
Page 7 and 8: SOME DEFINITIONS Whilst most of the
Page 9 and 10: maltsters who were a feature of alm
Page 11 and 12: Marshfield being a good example. Bu
Page 13 and 14: THE MALTING PROCESS AND ITS BUILDIN
Page 15 and 16: 16. Watton Road malthouse, Ware. -
Page 17 and 18: The steep water is changed several
Page 19 and 20: as at Swaffam (fig 29), asphalt, br
Page 21 and 22: conditioning units were introduced
Page 23 and 24: twelve hours. It was considered goo
Page 25 and 26: 47. Malt kiln furnace, Market Deepi
Page 27 and 28: Other features From the above descr
Page 29 and 30: Early Malthouses: 16 th and 17 th C
Page 31 and 32: Survival is very uneven across the
Page 33 and 34: structures were predominantly queen
Page 35 and 36: Early pneumatic malting plants ofte
Page 37: Newark Pattern Then there is the Ne
Page 41 and 42: to have an economic use. Part Two o

Maltings in England - English Heritage

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