Third and Fourth Periodic Report on CRC - Unicef

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<strong>Third</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Fourth</strong> <strong>Periodic</strong> <strong>Report</strong> The empowerment of adolescent girls project Kishori Abhijan exp<strong>and</strong>ed its intervention sites from 14 to 26 districts. The interventions led to positive results, providing life-skills based training to girls, through the peer-topeer approach reaching 100,000 adolescents, mainly girls. Livelihood <strong>and</strong> basic economic skills training were also provided to 25,000 adolescent girls. Different NGOs are also working to prevent <strong>and</strong> protect children from abuse <strong>and</strong> exploitation. Some among them are working with sex workers <strong>and</strong> their children with special focus on their rehabilitation in the society. A survey on Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children was completed in 2006 in partnership with ILO-IPEC. 8.4.4 Other forms of exploitation One particularly vicious <strong>and</strong> damaging form of violence is acid attacks which have traumatic consequences, scarring the victims physically (disfigurement), psychologically <strong>and</strong> socially for life. Acid attacks are mainly a crime against children <strong>and</strong> young women, although more recently, boys <strong>and</strong> young men have also been targets of this crime. Since the enactment of The Acid Control Act, 2002 <strong>and</strong> The Acid Crimes Prevention Act, 2002, the incidence of acid attack has gone down. The One-Stop-Crisis Centres (OCC) in Dhaka <strong>and</strong> other five Divisional Headquarters has been set up together with a Hotline System for women vulnerable to act of violence. In January 2006, a DNA profiling laboratory was established in Dhaka with five screening laboratories at Divisional levels for identifying perpetrators <strong>and</strong> ascertaining parentage. The most pervasive form of violence within a marriage is dowry related violence. Women in Bangladesh marry at a relatively early age associated with the dem<strong>and</strong> of dowry. Failure to provide the desired price results in violence that ranges from the threat of divorce <strong>and</strong> ab<strong>and</strong>onment to physical acts of beating or even murder. The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1980 forbids the giving <strong>and</strong> taking of dowry <strong>and</strong> The Suppression of Violence against Women <strong>and</strong> Children Act, 2000 provides strict measures against dowry related violence. 8.4.5 Sale, trafficking <strong>and</strong> abduction An estimated 1.2 million children are trafficked each year worldwide. An estimated 2 million children, the majority of them girls, are sexually exploited in the commercial sex industry (UNICEF Fact sheet). The most widely employed procuring strategies include, kidnapping, abduction, purchase of young girls from their families, marriage contracts, promises of jobs abroad <strong>and</strong> affected friendship <strong>and</strong> love. Women <strong>and</strong> girls are trafficked annually to India, Pakistan, Bahrain, Kuwait, <strong>and</strong> the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.). Bangladeshi boys were also trafficked into the U.A.E. <strong>and</strong> Qatar. Women <strong>and</strong> children in Bangladesh are prone to trafficking while migrating from rural to urban areas. Inter-Ministerial/Inter-Organizational Case Monitoring Committee in the Ministry of Home Affairs at the national level meets at least once every fortnight <strong>and</strong> selects some pending cases on trafficking in women <strong>and</strong> children in the country <strong>and</strong> ensures quick disposal of these cases. The District Monitoring Committees headed by Deputy Commissioners in turn selects at least five pending cases <strong>and</strong> monitor those regularly for quick disposal. The Inter-Ministerial/Inter-Organisational Anti-Trafficking Committee led by the Secretary of the Ministry of Home Affairs holds meeting once a month to monitor the progress of the activities undertaken by different ministries <strong>and</strong> departments to combat trafficking in Bangladesh. The GO-NGO National Co-ordination Committee for Trafficking in Women <strong>and</strong> Children is involved in implementing <strong>and</strong> monitoring programmes to combat trafficking. 90
Convention on the Rights of the Child A Police Monitoring Cell at the Police Headquarters in Dhaka collects information <strong>and</strong> intelligence report regarding human trafficking especially trafficking in women <strong>and</strong> children, arrests criminals <strong>and</strong> rescue trafficked persons, assists in prosecuting relevant cases, helps in rehabilitation of trafficked persons, <strong>and</strong> regularly follows up the progress of disposal of cases. This Cell also maintains the database of cases related to trafficking. A monitoring unit has been formed in all 64 districts. There are also local level committees, to monitor the issue of trafficking. One of the major achievements during 2005 was the successful repatriation <strong>and</strong> reintegration of Bangladeshi children involved in camel racing (CICR) in UAE with the technical support of UNICEF. With the help of local administration <strong>and</strong> NGOs, almost all of them have so far been reintegrated to the family. This has expedited the process of safe return of trafficked individuals <strong>and</strong> the one of best practice initiatives. 8.5 Children belonging to a minority or an indigenous group 8.5.1 Tribal people In Bangladesh there are people, known as tribal, live in four regions of Bangladesh (divided into 27 districts). Each ethnic group demonstrating unique culture, tradition <strong>and</strong> knowledge, thereby contribute to making Bangladesh a culturally rich country. According to the latest population census (2001), more than 98 per cent of the population of Bangladesh belong to the homogeneous ethnic group known as Bengali; the remainder is composed of tribal, from 27 communities. There is a strong correlation between being indigenous, tribal <strong>and</strong> being a member of an ethnic minority group, <strong>and</strong> being poor or extremely poor. The situation of tribal children <strong>and</strong> children of ethnic minorities continues to be a source of concern. There is a dearth of information on these children <strong>and</strong> whatever is available demonstrates that they have less access to their rights to food, health care, education, survival <strong>and</strong> development <strong>and</strong> protection from abuse, violence <strong>and</strong> discrimination. The MICS 2006 findings show their situation on some indicators (Table 8.4). Table 8.4: National vis-à-vis Tribal Situations, MICS 2006 (In percent) Serial Indicator National Situation Tribal Situation 01 Primary School Net Enrolment Rate 70.0 59.0 02 Initial Breast Feeding Breast fed within an hour 35.6 29.9 Breastfed within one day 81.5 78.9 03 Vitamin A Supplementation 84.9 77.8 04 Low birth weight (below 2.5 kg) 26.7 24.1 05 Vaccination (all) 83.7 76.2 06 Drinking Water Improved Source 97.6 78.5 Water on premises 68.0 24.2 07 Use Sanitary Latrine 39.2 17.2 08 Antenatal care No antenatal care 43.8 65.2 Delivery in health facilities 16.0 4.2 09 Birth Registered 9.8 5.0 10 Child Labour prevalence 12.8 17.6 Source: MICS 2006 91
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Third and Fourth Periodic Report on CRC - Unicef

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