2011 â¢ NYS Psychologist - New York State Psychological Association

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of Gestalt psychology, which she believed would be better appreciated after the strong wave of cognitive psychology had passed. Virginia Staudt Sexton (1916-1997) was born and raised in New York City. She completed her undergraduate degree at Hunter College, in 1936; received a Ph.D. in experimental psychology at Fordham University, in 1946; and sought postdoctoral training in both neuroanatomy from Columbia University, and in clinical psychology from the New York State Psychiatric Institute. Sexton was known throughout her career as an inspirational teacher and mentor, holding positions at several schools. In her first position at Notre Dame College of Staten Island, Sexton established the psychology program, set up a psychology laboratory, and headed the department. Her next position was at Hunter College, in the Bronx (later Lehman College), from which she retired as Professor Emerita. Unfortunately, she faced sexism when she first started at Hunter, in the form of heavier course loads given to her because she was a woman. She was able to overcome this climate of discrimination and worked to prevent other women from encountering the same experience. Finally, Sexton served as the Distinguished Research Professor of Psychology at St. John’s University, until her retirement in 1990. Sexton published at length, authoring books and articles on the psychology of religion, women’s issues, humanistic psychology, and the history of psychology with both a national and international focus. Very active politically, Sexton was elected president of the International Council of Psychologists, four APA divisions, the American Catholic Psychological Association, National Psi Chi, the New York State Psychological Association (NYSPA), and the Eastern Psychological Association. For her involvement and influence in the field, Sexton was awarded the Gold Medal of the New York Academy of Sciences in 1982, and NYSPA’s Margaret Floy Washburn Award and Allen V. Williams Jr. Memorial Award. Mamie Phipps Clark (1917-1983) received her MA degree in developmental psychology from Howard University in 1939. During this time she began her studies of the racial identification of Negro children. She earned her Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1943, at a time when there were no female graduate faculty, only two other women in the graduate class, and no other black students in the program. With the collaboration of her husband, Kenneth Clark, Mamie continued her research on the development of identity in Negro children, finding that at age three these children become aware of their racial identity and begin to acquire a negative self-image. The Clarks’ studies demonstrated that it was society’s negative views of their race that influenced the children’s identification. These findings were later used as part of a “social science statement” presented in a case supporting school desegregation and submitted to the United States Supreme Court, which ruled in favor of school desegregation in the 1954 court case of Brown v. the Board of Education. Despite the magnitude of her contributions, Clark still found it difficult to obtain a position in psychology at different points throughout her career because of the negative attitudes existing at the time. In the face of the racism and sexism she experienced, Clark relied on the strong support of her husband and children. Eventually she was hired by a private agency to administer psychological tests, but while there Clark also provided psychological services for young homeless girls and advocated for their psychological needs. Then, in 1946, Clark and her husband founded the Northside Center for Child Development, the first child guidance center offering full psychological services in Harlem at the time. While working at the Northside Center, she discovered that many children were inappropriately being referred to classes for the mentally retarded. Upon testing these children, she fought for their proper placement, bringing publicity and respect to the center. Throughout her career, Clark continued to advocate for the psychological needs of minority groups in New Page 30 York City. Ethel Tobach (1921 - ), born in Ukraine, she emigrated to the United States, with her family, to avoid political conflict there. She attended Hunter College where she helped to disprove genetic determinism and uncovered the institutionalized racism and sexism which had used this faulty theory for support. She completed her Ph.D. from New York University in 1957. A social activist, as well as a teacher and researcher, Tobach used her psychological research to contribute to social policy and peace-building. Her research advanced the fields of genetics, and evolutionary and comparative psychology. Tobach developed her research through her positions at the American Museum of Natural History, the City University of New York, and New York University School of Medicine. Throughout her career, Tobach was highly active in professional organizations such as the APA, and she was one of the founders of the organization, Psychologists for Social Action. Because of her facilitative contributions to public policy, nuclear disarmament and peace building, Tobach was awarded the American Psychological Foundation’s Gold Medal in Public Interest Award. Florence L. Denmark (1932 - ) is an internationally recognized scholar who is probably best known for her work in the psychology of women and, more recently, for her work in aging. A Pennsylvania native, she came to New York City after receiving her doctorate in psychology from the University of Pennsylvania in 1958. She taught at Queens College before moving to Hunter College, CUNY, where she was chair of the Psychology Department and Thomas Hunter Professor of Psychology. Later she accepted a position as the Robert Scott Pace Distinguished Professor of Psychology at Pace University where she now holds the title Distinguished Professor Emerita in Residence. Denmark attributes much of her success to the encouragement and achievement orientation she received from her family. In addition, early in her career she was fortunate to come under the influence of several important mentors, including Mary Reuder and Virginia Staudt Sexton. Because she found female mentors to be scarce, she has made it a point to serve as an active mentor ever since, and has encouraged others to do so. In addition to her influential writing on the psychology of women, Denmark has published on such topics as leadership, minority concerns, urban life, and women in the history of psychology. She has served as president of many psychology organizations, including Psi Chi, the (now) International Honor Society in Psychology; the New York State Psychological Association; the Eastern Psychological Association; and the International Council of Psychologists; and as vice-president of the New York Academy of Sciences. In 1980, she served as president of the American Psychological Association. Denmark has received many honors for her work, including six honorary doctorates, the Gold Medal for Life Achievement in Psychology in the Public Interest, the Distinguished Contributions to Education and Training Award, and the Distinguished Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology Award. At the 2011 annual convention of the APA she was presented with their highest honor, the Award for Outstanding Lifetime Contributions to Psychology. Beverly Greene (1950 - ) received her doctorate in clinical psychology from Adelphi University in 1983. Although she originally worked in public mental health, she is known today as a leading author in the areas of sexual minorities and women of color. She is presently an esteemed professor at St. John’s University, where she was awarded the 2008 Outstanding Faculty Achievement Medal. Through her broad publications, Greene has created an awareness of the ways in which discrimination and poverty effect marginalized populations and the construction of Vol. XXIII No. 2 • Fall 2011 • NYS Psychologist
identity. In 2007, Greene was honored with the Distinguished Career Award from the Association for Women in Psychology. Common accomplishments emerge among these talented, hard working women. Many shared a politically responsible, socially conscious outlook, backed by an appreciation for research and a desire to share knowledge and inspire younger generations. These New York women have had quite an influence on psychology’s history, over the past century, as more and more women enter psychology and work in New York, they will continue to have an impact on the discipline. REFERENCES: American Psychological Foundation Staff. (2003, July/August). Public Interest Award: Ethel Tobach, PhD. Monitor on Psychology: American Psychological Association, 34(7), 94. Retrieved September 2, 2008, from http://www.apa.org/monitor/julaug03/apfnews.html Christine Ladd-Franklin. (2007). In PlanetMath Encyclopedia. [Web]. Mravinci. Retrieved July 31, 2008, from http://planetmath.org/ encyclopediaChristineLaddFranklin.html Dewsbury, D. A. Ethel Tobach. Founders of the Animal Behavior Society: Founders and friends at the 1984 ABS meeting in Cheney, WA. Retrieved September 25, 2008, from Hogan, J. D. (1998). Obituary: Virginia Staudt Sexton (1916-1997). American Psychologist, 53(10), 1155-1156. Lawson, R. B., Graham, J. E., & Baker, K. M. (2007). A history of psychology: Globalization, ideas, and applications. Upper Saddle River: Pearson - Prentice Hall. O’Connell, A. N., & Russo, F. R. (1983). Models of achievement: Reflections of eminent women in psychology. New York: Columbia University Press. Scarborough, E., & Furumoto, L. (1989). Untold Lives: The first generation of American women psychologists. New York: Columbia University Press. Stevens, G. & Gardner, S. (1982). The women of psychology: Volume II: Expansion and refinement. Cambridge: Schenkman Publishing Company, Inc. Washburn, Margaret Floy (1871-1939). (2001). In Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology, 2nd ed. [Web]. Gale Group. Retrieved July 31, 2008, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2699/is?0003/ai? 2699000353/print:tag=artBody;col1 Call for Arcles for 2012 NYS Authors The NYS Psychologist is indexed in APA’s PsycInfo and is circulated worldwide. right to edit all copy. The final decision to publish an article rests with the editorial board. Theme. Current issues, trends and research in psychology. Article may be theoretical, empirical and applied, on all aspects of psychology and the future of psychology. All articles must be referenced. Manuscript preparation. Authors should prepare manuscripts according to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Manuscripts should be no more than 12 double-spaced pages including references, 250 words on a page, with at least a one-inch margin on all sides of the paper, and with typeface no smaller than 12 points. Abstract and keywords. All manuscripts must include an abstract containing a maximum of 120 words types on a separate sheet of paper and a brief biography related to your expertise and/or topic of approximately 120 words. After the abstract, please supply up to five or six key words. References. References should be listed in alphabetical order. Each listed reference should be cited in text, and each text citation should be listed in the References. All copy must be double-spaced and instructions on preparing tables, figures, references, and metrics, and abstracts appear in the Manual. Editorial policy. All manuscripts are first reviewed by the Editor-in-Chief to determine if they are appropriate for this journal. We do not accept opinion pieces. All manuscripts are peer reviewed. Authors are required to obtain and provide to NYSPA all necessary permissions to reproduce any copyrighted work. The editorial board of the NYS Psychologist reserves the Manuscript submission. To be considered for 2011 publication, please send submissions electronically. Suggested editorial changes are communicated electronically. Two hard copies will be requested that are clear, readable, and on paper of good quality if the manuscript is accepted. Authors should supply an e-mail address and fax numbers. Authors should keep a copy of the manuscript to guard against loss. E-mail manuscripts to Diane Fisher, dfisher@nyspa.org. The electronic file should be prepared accurately, consistently and simple, avoiding the use of special fonts or elaborate formatting for aesthetics; completing a spell check of the file is suggested. Paragraphs should be formatted the same way throughout. Deadline for submission is May 1, 2012 NYS Psychologist is the official journal of the New York State Psychological Association and, as such, contains archival documents. It also published articles on current issues in psychology as well as empirical, theoretical, and practice articles based on broad aspects of psychology. Statements contained in the NYS Psychologist are the personal view of the authors and do not constitute NYSPA policy unless so indicated. NYSPA reserves the right to edit all copy. The NYS Psychologist is indexed in APA’s PsychInfo. Copyright and permissions. Those who wish to reuse NYSPA-copy righted materials must secure from NYSPA and the author written permission to reproduce a journal article in full or journal text of more than 500 words. Page 31 Vol. XXIII No. 2 • Fall 2011 • NYS Psychologist
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2011 â¢ NYS Psychologist - New York State Psychological Association