TikZ and pgf

More documents

Recommendations

Info

12 Making Trees Grow 103 12.1 Introduction to the Child Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 12.2 Child Paths and the Child Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 12.3 Naming Child Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 12.4 Specifying Options for Trees and Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 12.5 Placing Child Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 12.6 Edges From the Parent Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 13 Transformations 112 13.1 The Different Coordinate Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 13.2 The Xy- and Xyz-Coordinate Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 13.3 Coordinate Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 III Libraries and Utilities 116 14 Libraries 117 14.1 Arrow Tip Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 14.1.1 Triangular Arrow Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 14.1.2 Barbed Arrow Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 14.1.3 Bracket-Like Arrow Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 14.1.4 Circle and Diamond Arrow Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 14.1.5 Partial Arrow Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 14.1.6 Line Caps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 14.2 Snake Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 14.3 Plot Handler Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 14.3.1 Curve Plot Handlers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 14.3.2 Comb Plot Handlers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 14.3.3 Mark Plot Handler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 14.4 Plot Mark Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 14.5 Shape Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 14.6 Tree Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 14.6.1 Growth Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 14.6.2 Edges From Parent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 14.7 Background Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 14.8 Automata Drawing Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 15 Repeating Things: The Foreach Statement 133 16 Page Management 137 16.1 Basic Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 16.2 The Predefined Layouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 16.3 Defining a Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 16.4 Creating Logical Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 17 Extended Color Support 144 IV The Basic Layer 145 18 Design Principles 146 18.1 Core and Optional Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 18.2 Communicating with the Basic Layer via Macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 18.3 Path-Centered Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 18.4 Coordinate Versus Canvas Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 6
19 Hierarchical Structures: Package, Environments, Scopes, and Text 148 19.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 19.1.1 The Hierarchical Structure of the Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 19.1.2 The Hierarchical Structure of Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 19.2 The Hierarchical Structure of the Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 19.2.1 The Main Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 19.2.2 The Core Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 19.2.3 The Optional Basic Layer Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 19.3 The Hierarchical Structure of the Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 19.3.1 The Main Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 19.3.2 Graphic Scope Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 19.3.3 Inserting Text and Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 20 Specifying Coordinates 155 20.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 20.2 Basic Coordinate Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 20.3 Coordinates in the Xy- and Xyz-Coordinate Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 20.4 Building Coordinates From Other Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 20.4.1 Basic Manipulations of Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 20.4.2 Points Traveling along Lines and Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 20.4.3 Points on Borders of Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 20.4.4 Points on the Intersection of Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 20.5 Extracting Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 20.6 Internals of How Point Commands Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 21 Constructing Paths 161 21.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 21.2 The Move-To Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 21.3 The Line-To Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 21.4 The Curve-To Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 21.5 The Close Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 21.6 Arc, Ellipse and Circle Path Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 21.7 Rectangle Path Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 21.8 The Grid Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 21.9 The Parabola Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 21.10 Sine and Cosine Path Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 21.11 Plot Path Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 21.12 Rounded Corners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 21.13 Internal Tracking of Bounding Boxes for Paths and Pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 22 Snakes 169 22.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 22.2 Declaring a Snake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 22.2.1 Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 22.2.2 Snake Automata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 22.2.3 The Snake Declaration Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 22.2.4 Predefined Snakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 22.3 Using Snakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 23 Using Paths 174 23.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 23.2 Stroking a Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 23.2.1 Graphic Parameter: Line Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 23.2.2 Graphic Parameter: Caps and Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 23.2.3 Graphic Parameter: Dashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 23.2.4 Graphic Parameter: Stroke Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 23.2.5 Graphic Parameter: Stroke Opacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 23.2.6 Graphic Parameter: Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 23.3 Filling a Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 7
Page 1 and 2: TikZ and pgf Manual for Version 1.0
Page 3 and 4: The TikZ and pgf Packages Manual fo
Page 5: 8.5.2 Angle Anchor Coordinates . .
Page 9 and 10: 30 Layered Graphics 220 30.1 Overvi
Page 11 and 12: 1 Introduction The pgf package, whe
Page 13 and 14: 1.5 Getting Help When you need help
Page 15 and 16: 2.3 Installation in a texmf Tree Fo
Page 17 and 18: (b) You must cause any work that yo
Page 19 and 20: including, but not limited to, the
Page 21 and 22: \documentclass{article} % say \usep
Page 23 and 24: \tikz \draw (0,0) circle (10pt); Yo
Page 25 and 26: it sets the color for the lines onl
Page 27 and 28: \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=3] \clip[
Page 29 and 30: \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=3] \clip
Page 31 and 32: 3.17 Scoping Karl saw already that
Page 33 and 34: 1,5 2,5 3,5 4,5 5,5 7,5 8,5 9,5 10,
Page 35 and 36: 1 1 2 sin α tan α = sin α cos α
Page 37 and 38: hello world \begin{tikzpicture} \pa
Page 39 and 40: shows them. As will be argued later
Page 41 and 42: • In addition to using the same f
Page 43 and 44: The above graphic has about the sam
Page 45 and 46: 5 Input and Output Formats TEX was
Page 47 and 48: 1. In L A TEX mode it uses graphicx
Page 49 and 50: 6 Design Principles This section de
Page 51 and 52: oot left right child child \begin{t
Page 53 and 54: The following option influences the
Page 55 and 56: Note that many options apply only t
Page 57 and 58:
8.5.1 Named Anchor Coordinates An a
Page 59 and 60:
q 1 p 2 \path (30:1cm) node(p1) {$p
Page 61 and 62:
• style=every path This style is
Page 63 and 64:
The 〈snake name〉 none is specia
Page 65 and 66:
A B \begin{tikzpicture}[segment amp
Page 67 and 68:
The 〈inset〉 describes how big t
Page 69 and 70:
9.10 The Parabola Operation The par
Page 71 and 72:
9.12.1 Plotting Points Given Inline
Page 73 and 74:
\begin{tikzpicture}[domain=0:4] \dr
Page 75 and 76:
• tension=〈value〉 This option
Page 77 and 78:
10 Actions on Paths Once a path has
Page 79 and 80:
10.2.1 Graphic Parameters: Line Wid
Page 81 and 82:
10.2.3 Graphic Parameters: Draw Opa
Page 83 and 84:
\begin{tikzpicture}[line width=20pt
Page 85 and 86:
crossings: −1 + 1 = 0 crossings:
Page 87 and 88:
- ball This shading fills the path
Page 89 and 90:
Note: If this option is used on a p
Page 91 and 92:
11 Nodes 11.1 Nodes and Their Shape
Page 93 and 94:
\nodepart{〈part name〉} This com
Page 95 and 96:
• text centered centers the text,
Page 97 and 98:
11.5 Transformations It is possible
Page 99 and 100:
at end very near end near end midwa
Page 101 and 102:
• outer sep=〈dimension〉 This
Page 103 and 104:
12 Making Trees Grow 12.1 Introduct
Page 105 and 106:
If you do not assign a name to a ch
Page 107 and 108:
the grow and grow’ option (the la
Page 109 and 110:
oot \begin{tikzpicture}[level dista
Page 111 and 112:
oot left right child child \begin{t
Page 113 and 114:
The last example shows that the siz
Page 115 and 116:
• xslant=〈factor〉 slants the
Page 117 and 118:
14 Libraries 14.1 Arrow Tip Library
Page 119 and 120:
• \pgfsnakesegmentamplitude deter
Page 121 and 122:
14.3.1 Curve Plot Handlers \pgfplot
Page 123 and 124:
\pgfuseplotmark{〈plot mark name
Page 125 and 126:
\Huge \begin{tikzpicture} \node[nam
Page 127 and 128:
• grow via three points=one child
Page 129 and 130:
oot right left child child \begin{t
Page 131 and 132:
You can influence how the line is d
Page 133 and 134:
15 Repeating Things: The Foreach St
Page 135 and 136:
Here are more useful examples: a c
Page 137 and 138:
16 Page Management This section des
Page 139 and 140:
• physical paper height=〈size
Page 141 and 142:
At some point, enough logical pages
Page 143 and 144:
• border shrink=〈size〉 specif
Page 145 and 146:
Part IV The Basic Layer y(t) 3 ( x(
Page 147 and 148:
2. All commands that specify a poin
Page 149 and 150:
{pgfscope}, and if you change, for
Page 151 and 152:
Sometimes, you may need more fine-g
Page 153 and 154:
the path that makes up the arrow ti
Page 155 and 156:
20 Specifying Coordinates 20.1 Over
Page 157 and 158:
\pgfpointdiff{〈start〉}{〈end
Page 159 and 160:
\begin{tikzpicture} \draw[help line
Page 161 and 162:
21 Constructing Paths 21.1 Overview
Page 163 and 164:
21.5 The Close Path Operation \pgfp
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
21.12 Rounded Corners Normally, whe
Page 169 and 170:
22 Snakes 22.1 Overview A snake is
Page 171 and 172:
• next state=〈new state〉 Afte
Page 173 and 174:
As was already mentioned, when each
Page 175 and 176:
23.2 Stroking a Path When you use \
Page 177 and 178:
23.2.6 Graphic Parameter: Arrows Af
Page 179 and 180:
Clipping never enlarges the clippin
Page 181 and 182:
24.2 Declaring an Arrow Tip Kind To
Page 183 and 184:
pgf uses a different approach to so
Page 185 and 186:
\pgfarrowsdeclaredouble{}{arcs’
Page 187 and 188:
25 Nodes and Shapes This section de
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
25.3 Using Anchors Each shape defin
Page 193 and 194:
\pgfdeclareshape{coordinate} { \sav
Page 195 and 196:
\anchor{center}{\pgfpointorigin} Yo
Page 197 and 198:
\inheritanchor[from={〈another sha
Page 199 and 200:
\Huge \begin{tikzpicture} \node[nam
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
There is another TEX if that influe
Page 205 and 206:
Unlike coordinate transformations,
Page 207 and 208:
27 Declaring and Using Images This
Page 209 and 210:
\pgfalternateextension You should r
Page 211 and 212:
28 Declaring and Using Shadings 28.
Page 213 and 214:
it must obviously be “magnified
Page 215 and 216:
As a final example, let us define a
Page 217 and 218:
29.2 Generating Plot Streams 29.2.1
Page 219 and 220:
29.3 Plot Handlers A plot handler p
Page 221 and 222:
\end{pgfonlayer} The whole 〈envir
Page 223 and 224:
31.2 Quick Path Usage Commands The
Page 225 and 226:
32 Design of the System Layer 32.1
Page 227 and 228:
33.2 Path Construction System Comma
Page 229 and 230:
\pgfsys@fill This command fills the
Page 231 and 232:
\pgfsys@color@rgb@stroke{〈red〉}
Page 233 and 234:
• \pgf@imagewidth Will be set to
Page 235 and 236:
34 The Soft Path Subsystem This sec
Page 237 and 238:
• \pgfsyssoftpath@movetotoken ind
Page 239 and 240:
Part VI References and Index t s \b
Page 241 and 242:
end pos option, 69 border snake, 11
Page 243 and 244:
grow cyclic style, 128 grow via thr
Page 245 and 246:
\pgfpathsnaketo, 172 pgfpicture env
Page 247 and 248:
shade option, 86 \shadedraw, 77 sha
show all

TikZ and pgf

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?