The early evolution of animals

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The controversy • Older views (e.g. Glaessner, Dawn of Animal Life in the early 80s) viewed the Ediacaran biota as simply old versions of modern animals, and thus assigned them to sea pens, arthropods, annelids, jellyfish etc • But Seilacher and others from the mid-80s onwards questioned this view - argued lack of symmetry, preservation, construction (“Pneu” etc). • This opened a controversy still ongoing!
Ctenophores?? CAMBRIAN Stromatoveris Shu et al. 2006, Science 312 Chen, Jun-Yuan et al. (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 6289- 6292 Rangea Dickinsonia Zhang & Reitner 2006, Acta. Geol. Sin. 80 Narbonne 2004, Science 305 EDIACARAN (Dzik 2002, J. Morph. 252)
Page 1 and 2: The early evolution of animals Live
Page 3 and 4: The origin and evolution of animals
Page 5: Metazoa “Porifera” Cnidarians E
Page 8 and 9: Animalia • Eukaryotic and multice
Page 10 and 11: Sponge with choanocytes Choanoflage
Page 13 and 14: Animal body plans Group Grade Symme
Page 15: Bilaterians • Divided into Protos
Page 20 and 21: Stem and Crown groups • crown gro
Page 22 and 23: Stems and crowns
Page 27 and 28: The old camps •Animals evolve ear
Page 29 and 30: The earliest metazoans • 5 lines
Page 32 and 33: Metazoan evidence 1: Body Fossils E
Page 36 and 37: Molluscs?? Conway Morris & Caron 20
Page 38 and 39: Metazoan evidence 2: Trace Fossils
Page 40 and 41: Metazoan evidence 2: Trace Fossils
Page 42 and 43: Yin et al. 2007 Nature 446
Page 44 and 45: Metazoan evidence 3: Fossil Embryos
Page 46 and 47: Metazoan evidence 3: Fossil Embryos
Page 48 and 49: Bilaterian origins
Page 50 and 51: Metazoan evidence 5: Biomarkers •
Page 52: Metazoan evidence 5: Biomarkers •
Page 57 and 58: Namacalathus
Page 59 and 60: Small Shelly Fossils • Precambria
Page 61 and 62: Cloudina and Namacalathus from the
Page 63 and 64: Small shelly fossils Halkieria: fro
Page 68 and 69: What caused the Cambrian explosion?
Page 71: Glaciations
Page 77 and 78: Possible importance of oxygen 1. Bi
Page 79 and 80: Keeling et al 2005, TREE 20
Page 81: Oxygen physiology: aerobic vs anaer
Page 84 and 85:
Tielens et al. 2002, Trends in Bioc
Page 86 and 87:
Not all animals are aerobic sprinte
Page 88 and 89:
What controls O2 levels? 1. Oxidati
Page 90 and 91:
Sulfur isotopes in the Proterozoic
Page 92 and 93:
Bursting the oxygen bubble? •Anim
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• Biomineralization (crystalline
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Hard parts • Different types: 1.
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End-Ediacaran Extinction • Mass e
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Increased planktonics • Plankton
Page 103 and 104:
Cambrian fossil lagerstätten • O
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Burgess Shale • Rocky Mountains,
Page 108 and 109:
Maotinashian Shale • “Chengjian
Page 110 and 111:
Sirus Passet • Greenland • Prob
Page 113 and 114:
The Cambrian explosion • Explosio
Page 115:
Cambrian Explosion ”weird wonders
Page 118:
Stems and crowns
Page 122 and 123:
Anomalocaridids • One of the larg
Page 124 and 125:
Arthropod evolution and Hurdia
Page 126 and 127:
After the Cambrian Explosion
Page 128:
Ordovicium • Sea level extremely
Page 131:
What is the timing of early animal
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The early evolution of animals

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